Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On or before 11th March 1562 Archbishop Richard Neale was born. He was baptised on 11th March 1562 at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map].
In 1608 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 45) was elected Bishop of Rochester.
In 1610 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 47) was elected Bishop of Lichfield.
In 1613 [his son] Paul Neale was born to Archbishop Richard Neale (age 50).
In 1614 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 51) was elected Bishop of Lincoln.
In 1617 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 54) was elected Bishop of Durham.
In 1628 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 65) was elected Bishop of Winchester.
In 1631 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 68) was elected Archbishop of York.
On 31st October 1640 Archbishop Richard Neale (age 78) died.