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Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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Paternal Family Tree: Bulwer
On 8th November 1831 Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl was born to [his father] Edward George Bulwer-Lytton 1st Baron Lytton (age 28).
On 4th October 1864 Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 32) and Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 23) were married.
On 14th July 1866 [his father] Edward George Bulwer-Lytton 1st Baron Lytton (age 63) was created 1st Baron Lytton of Knebworth in Hertfordshire.
On 12th June 1867 [his daughter] Elizabeth Bulwer-Lytton Countess Balfour was born to Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 35) and [his wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 25). She married 21st December 1887 her sixth cousin Gerald Balfour 2nd Earl of Balfour and had issue.
On 18th January 1873 [his father] Edward George Bulwer-Lytton 1st Baron Lytton (age 69) died. His son Edward (age 41) succeeded 2nd Baron Lytton of Knebworth in Hertfordshire, 2nd Baronet Bulwer of Knebworth in Hertfordshire.
On 26th December 1874 [his daughter] Emily Bulwer-Lytton was born to Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 43) and [his wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 33). She married 1897 Edwin Landseer Lutyens and had issue.
1876. John Everett Millais 1st Baronet (age 46). Portrait of Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 44).
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 9th August 1876 [his son] Victor Bulwer-Lytton 2nd Earl of Lytton was born to Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 44) and [his wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 34).
On 6th February 1879 [his son] Neville Bulwer-Lytton 3rd Earl of Lytton was born to Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 47) and [his wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 37). He married 1899 Judith Blunt-Lytton 16th Baroness Wentworth, daughter of Wilfrid Scawen Blunt and Anne King-Noel 15th Baroness Wentworth, and had issue.
In 1880 Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 48) was created 1st Earl of Lytton in Derbyshire. [his wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 38) by marriage Countess of Lytton in Derbyshire.
On 21st December 1887 [his son-in-law] Gerald Balfour 2nd Earl of Balfour (age 34) and [his daughter] Elizabeth Bulwer-Lytton Countess Balfour (age 20) were married. She the daughter of Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 56) and [his wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 46). They were sixth cousins.
On 24th November 1891 Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton 1st Earl (age 60) died. His son Victor (age 15) succeeded 2nd Earl of Lytton in Derbyshire, 3rd Baron Lytton of Knebworth in Hertfordshire, 3rd Baronet Bulwer of Knebworth in Hertfordshire.
On 17th September 1936 [his former wife] Edith Villiers Countess Lytton (age 95) died.