The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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St Alban's Shrine, St Albans Cathedral is in St Albans Cathedral [Map].
Vault below St Alban's Shrine, St Albans Cathedral in which Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester [aged 56] was buried after 23rd February 1447. Restored in 2000.
A stone chamber, below the abbey shrine area, built in the 1440s as the tomb of Duke Humphrey of Gloucester; it was rediscovered in 1703. This is 'the earliest accessible vault with its own distinct entrance, approached down a steep flight of steps. On the east wall are traces of a painting of the Crucifixion, another unique feature. The original coffin was destroyed 1713-22 but some bones remain in the vault. Note the date 1391 incorrect; Humphrey was born in 1390.


On 20th January 1465 Abbot John Whethampstede [aged 46] died. He was buried under what is not the Welcome Centre at St Albans Cathedral. There is a memorial to him in St Alban's Shrine, St Albans Cathedral.
Abbot John Whethampstede: In or before 1419 he was born to Hugh Bostock. in Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire [Map]. In 1451 he was appointed Abbot of St Albans.
St Alban's Shrine, St Albans Cathedral. Vault of the Shepherd family built in 1768.
St Alban's Shrine, St Albans Cathedral was built, or rebuilt, in 1308 but was destroyed when the Abbey was closed down in 1539. Pieces from this shrine were used to restore the shrine in 1872 and again in 1993. There is also a small memorial chapel underneath the main shrine chapel.

