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The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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St Mary's Church, Elton, Herefordshire, Welsh March, England, British Isles [Map]

St Mary's Church, Elton is in Elton, Herefordshire, Churches in Herefordshire.

St Mary's Church, Elton [Map] was built in the 12th Century and restored in 1876 by W E Martin when the bell turret and south porch were added. On the north wall are the Royal Arms of Queen Elizabeth I carved in wood and with the inscription "God save the Queene".

After 8th January 1845. Memorial to John Cæsar Hawkins (deceased) at St Mary's Church, Elton [Map].

John Cæsar Hawkins: On 20th December 1805 he was born to John Cæsar Hawkins 3rd Baronet and Charlotte Cassandra Surtees. On 7th April 1836 John Cæsar Hawkins and Louisa Georgiana Letitia Ricketts were married. On 8th January 1845 John Cæsar Hawkins died.

After 3rd August 1860. Memorial to Elizabeth Knight (deceased) at St Mary's Church, Elton [Map] sculpted by George Gammon Adams (age 39).

Elizabeth Knight: On 18th March 1798 she was born to Thomas Andrew Knight of Downton Castle in Herefordshire. On 3rd August 1860 she died.

After 1918. St Mary's Church, Elton [Map]. Roll of Service including Brigadier Edward Cecil Neville Custance (age 23)

Brigadier Edward Cecil Neville Custance: On 9th December 1894 he was born to Charles Edward Salwey Custance. On 30th August 1984 Brigadier Edward Cecil Neville Custance died.

After 19th November 1950. Memorial to Charles Victor Hambleton Custance (deceased) at St Mary's Church, Elton [Map].

Charles Victor Hambleton Custance: On 7th April 1897 he was born to Charles Edward Salwey Custance. On 19th November 1950 Charles Victor Hambleton Custance died.