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Published March 2025. The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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Winchester Old Minster is in Winchester Minster.
In 852 King Æthelstan of Kent died. He may have been buried at Winchester Old Minster.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 854. This year the heathen men34 for the first time remained over winter in the Isle of Shepey [Map]. The same year King Ethelwulf registered a TENTH of his land over all his kingdom for the honour of God and for his own everlasting salvation. The same year also he went to Rome with great pomp, and was resident there a twelvemonth. Then he returned homeward; and Charles, king of the Franks (age 30), gave him his daughter, whose name was Judith (age 10), to be his queen. After this he came to his people, and they were fain to receive him; but about two years after his residence among the Franks he died; and his body lies at Winchester. He reigned eighteen years and a half. And Ethelwulf was the son of Egbert, Egbert of Ealhmund, Ealhmund of Eafa, Eafa of Eoppa, Eoppa of Ingild; Ingild was the brother of Ina, king of the West-Saxons, who held that kingdom thirty-seven winters, and afterwards went to St. Peter, where he died. And they were the sons of Cenred, Cenred of Ceolwald, Ceolwald of Cutha, Cutha of Cuthwin, Cuthwin of Ceawlin, Ceawlin of Cynric, Cynric of Creoda, Creoda of Cerdic, Cerdic of Elesa, Elesa of Esla, Esla of Gewis, Gewis of Wig, Wig of Freawine, Freawine of Frithugar, Frithugar of Brond, Brond of Balday, Balday of Woden, Woden of Frithuwald, Frithuwald of Freawine, Freawine of Frithuwualf, Frithuwulf of Finn, Finn of Godwulf, Godwulf of Great, Great of Taetwa, Taetwa of Beaw, Beaw of Sceldwa, Sceldwa of Heremod, Heremod of Itermon, Itermon of Hathra, Hathra of Hwala, Hwala of Bedwig, Bedwig of Sceaf; that is, the son of Noah, who was born in Noah's ark: Laznech, Methusalem, Enoh, Jared, Malalahel, Cainion, Enos, Seth, Adam the first man, and our Father, that is, Christ. Amen. Then two sons of Ethelwulf succeeded to the kingdom; Ethelbald to Wessex, and Ethelbert to Kent, Essex, Surrey, and Sussex. Ethelbald reigned five years. Alfred (age 5), his third son, Ethelwulf had sent to Rome; and when the pope heard say that he was dead, he consecrated Alfred king, and held him under spiritual hands, as his father Ethelwulf had desired, and for which purpose he had sent him thither.
Note 34. i.e. the Danes; or, as they are sometimes called, Northmen, which is a general term including all those numerous tribes that issued at different times from the north of Europe, whether Danes, Norwegians, Sweons, Jutes, or Goths, etc.; who were all in a state of paganism at this time.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 855. Collation. And on his return homewards he took to (wife) the daughter of Charles, king of the French (age 31), whose name was Judith (age 11), and he came home safe. And then in about two years he died, and his body lies at Winchester: and he reigned eighteen years and a half, and he was the son of Egbert. And then his two sons succeeded to the kingdom; Ethelbald to the kingdom of the West-Saxons, and Ethelbert to the kingdom of the Kentish-men, and of the East-Saxons, and of Surrey, and of the South-Saxons. And he reigned five years.
Chronicle of English Kings Book 2 Chapter 6. 924. In the year of our Lord’s incarnation 924, Athelstan (age 30), the son of Edward (age 50), began to reign, and held the sovereignty sixteen years. His brother, Ethelward (age 22), dying a few days after his father, had been buried with him at Winchester.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 17 Jul 924. This year died King Edward (age 50) at Farndon [Map] in Mercia; and Elward (age 22) his son died very soon after this, in Oxford, Oxfordshire [Map]. Their bodies lie at Winchester.
On 12 Mar 951 Bishop Ælfheah "The Bald" died. He was buried at Winchester Old Minster.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 964. This year drove King Edgar (age 21) the priests of Winchester out of the old minster, and also out of the new minster; and from Chertsey [Map]; and from Milton [Map]; and replaced them with monks. And he appointed Ethelgar abbot to the new minster, and Ordbert to Chertsey, and Cyneward to Milton [Map].
John of Worcester. 1035. Canute (age 40), king of England, before his death, gave the kingdom of Norway to Sweyn (age 19), who was reported to be his son by Elfgiva of Northampton (age 45) [Note. Possibly a mistake for Northumberland?], the daughter of Alfhelm the ealdorman, and the noble lady Wulfruna. Some, however, asserted that this Elfgiva desired to have a son by the king, but as she could not, she caused the new-born child of a certain priest to be brought to her, and made the king fully believe that she had just borne him a son. He also gave the kingdom of Denmark to Hardicanute (age 17), his son by the queen Elfgiva (age 50). Afterwards, the same year, he departed this life at Shaftesbury on Wednesday, the second of the ides [the 12th] of November; but he was buried at Winchester in the Old Minster, with due honours. After his burial the queen Elfgiva took up her abode there. Harold (age 19) also said that he was the son of king Canute and Elfgiva of Northampton, although that is far from certain; for some say that he was the son of a cobbler, and that Elfgiva had acted with regard to him as she had done in the case of Sweyn: for our part, as there are doubts on the subject, we cannot settle with any certainty the parentage of either. Harold, however, assuming the royal dignity, sent his guards in the utmost haste to Winchester, and tyrannically seized the largest and best part of the treasure and wealth which king Canute had bequeathed to queen Elfgiva, and having thus robbed her, permitted her to continue her residence at Winchester. He then, with the consent of many of the higher orders of England, began to reign as though he was the lawful heir; but he had not the same power as Canute, because the arrival of Hardicanute, the more rightful heir, was looked for. Hence, shortly afterwards, the kingdom was divided by lot, Harold getting the northern, and Hardicanute the southern portion.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1035. This year died King Knute (age 40) at Shaftesbury, Dorset, on the second day before the ides of November; and he is buried at Winchester Old Minster in the old minster. He was king over all England very near twenty winters. Soon after his decease, there was a council of all the nobles at Oxford; wherein Earl Leofric, and almost all the thanes north of the Thames, and the naval men in London, chose Harold (age 19) to be governor of all England, for himself and his brother Hardacnute (age 17), who was in Denmark. Earl Godwin (age 34), and all the eldest men in Wessex, withstood it as long as they could; but they could do nothing against it. It was then resolved that Elfgiva (age 45), the mother of Hardacnute [Note. Aelfgifu Northumbria is the mother of Harold "Harefoot" King England, Emma aka Ælfgyfu of Normandy Queen Consort England (age 50) is the mother of King Harthacnut of Denmark and England], should remain at Winchester with the household of the king her son. They held all Wessex in hand, and Earl Godwin was their chief man. Some men said of Harold, that he was the son of King Knute and of Elfgive the daughter of Alderman Elfelm; but it was thought very incredible by many men. He was, nevertheless, full king over all England. Harold himself said that he was the son of Knute and of Elfgive the Hampshire lady; though it was not true; but he sent and ordered to be taken from her all the best treasure that she could not hold, which King Knute possessed; and she nevertheless abode there continually within the city as long as she could.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 08 Jun 1042. This year died King Hardacnute (age 24) at Lambeth, as he stood drinking: he fell suddenly to the earth with a tremendous struggle; but those who were nigh at hand took him up; and he spoke not a word afterwards, but expired on the sixth day before the ides of June. He was king over all England two years wanting ten nights; and he is buried in the old minster at Winchester with King Knute his father. And his mother for his soul gave to the new minster the head of St. Valentine the Martyr: and ere he was buried all people chose Edward (age 39) for king in London. And they received him as their king, as was natural; and he reigned as long as God granted him. All that year was the season very severe in many and various respects: both from the inclemency of the weather, and the loss of the fruits of the earth. More cattle died this year than any man ever remembered, either from various diseases, or from the severity of the weather. At this same time died Elfsinus, Abbot of Peterborough; and they chose Arnwy, a monk, for their abbot; because he was a very good and benevolent man.
John of Worcester. 1043. Edward (age 40) was anointed king at Winchester on the first day of Easter, being the third of the nones [the 3rd] of April, by Eadsige, archbishop of Canterbury, Jilric, archbishop of York, and nearly all the bishops of England. In the same year, fourteen days before the feast-day of St. Andrew the apostle [16th November], the king went suddenly and unexpectedly from the city of Gloucester to Winchester, accompanied by the earls Godwin (age 42), Leofric, and Siward (age 33); and by their advice took from his mother (age 58) all the gold, silver, jewels, precious stones, and other valuables she possessed, because she had been less liberal to him than he expected, and had treated him harshly both before and after he was king. Notwithstanding, he gave orders for her being supplied with all necessaries, and ordered her to remain there quiet.
Charter S1006 King Edward to Old Minster, Winchester. 1044. In the reign of our Lord Jesus Christ, who governs the entire world, the heights of heaven, and the hidden depths of the swelling ocean, with the majesty of His rule now and forever. Therefore, I, Edward (age 41), King of the Anglo-Saxons, deeply moved by the dire sins of this fleeting world, which are surrounded by the dreadful howls of obscene mortality and filled with all filth, do not allow us to rest securely in the peace of the homeland we have inherited, but rather provoke us to despise these things with all the strength of our minds and to utterly reject them as the nauseating stench of melancholy, and to diligently attend to the command of the Gospel, which says, 'Give, and it will be given to you.' Truly, as a wise man says, 'God loves a cheerful giver.' Therefore, touched by this saving admonition, I, Edward, by the grace of God, King of the entire English nation, considering the fleeting nature of this world as nothing, but desiring to obtain what endures eternally along with the transient, do not delay to give away this fleeting and undoubtedly transitory possession so that I may receive one that will endure forever in the kingdom of Christ and God.
Therefore, let it be known to all that I have now freely given a portion of land to Saint Peter and his co-apostle Paul, so that the magnitude of my sins may be relieved in part by the Lord Jesus Christ, who is the true and desired remission of all sins. The name of this land is called Pipmynster, and it holds the extent of fifteen manses, which, as I have already said, I have given to the Old Minster, which is located in the city of Winchester and is consecrated in honor of the aforementioned apostles, for the salvation of my soul and that of my parents.
Let the aforementioned land be free from all worldly service, with the pastures, meadows, and wooded areas, and with all other appurtenances rightfully pertaining to it, except for these three: the repair of fortifications, the restoration of bridges, and military expeditions against the enemies of the country. If anyone, driven by a diabolical spirit, should attempt to take away or infringe upon this document of my composition and confirmation, and presume to usurp by force the land of the aforementioned apostles, let them be separated from the fellowship of God and the participation of all the saints resting in this holy monastery, and be consigned to eternal confusion in the devouring flames of torment for all ages, unless they quickly amend their wicked robbery with appropriate satisfaction.
The boundaries of the aforementioned land are as follows: These are the boundaries of the fifteen hides of land at Pipmynster. First at Binnacumbes Brook; then along the brook down to the hedge; then straight to Fyrslege; from Fyrslege to the eastern stream; along the stream to Tugeles Moor; from Tugeles Moor to the foxglove; from the foxglove to the hard gate; from the hard gate to Twinteles Ham; from Twinteles Ham to Deep Ford; from Deep Ford straight east to Drindlea; from Drindlea along the brook to Wægela Fort; from Wægela Fort to the gray stone; from the gray stone to Red Ford; from Red Ford straight to Scora Ditch; from Scora Ditch along the army path to Langgan Ham; from Langgan Ham to the gray stone; from the gray stone up to Epsgweg to the Great Linden; from the Great Linden to the eastern part of Oxen Field, up to the stone hill; from the stone hill up to Wealder’s Way to Pidles Hill; from Pidles Hill to Wiþicumbes Head; from Wiþicumbes Head west straight to the Red Ditch; from the Red Ditch north straight to the eastern part of Acbeara; from Acbeara west along the army path to the gray apple tree; from the gray apple tree back to Binnacumbes Brook.
This royal grant and donation were made in the year of the Lord's incarnation 1044, in the twelfth indiction, with the seventh concurrent cycle, and with the eighteenth epact rotating, under the attestation of the leading men whose names are written here.
Rubric: ˘is is ∂æra fiftyna hyda land boc to Pypmynstre ∂e Eadweard cyng gæbocodæ sanctæ Petræ and sanctæ Paulæ into Ealdan mynstræ. + Omnibus flebilia et detestanda huius fluctuantis saeculi piacula, diris obscoenae horrendaeque mortalitatis latratibus circumsepta omnique spurcitia saginata, non nos patriae indeptae pacis securos, sed quasi foetidae corruptelae in uoraginem casuros prouocando ammonent, ut ea toto mentis conamine cum casibus suis despiciendo abiiciamus, et penitus uelut fastidiosam melancoliae nausiam abominando fugiamus, et diligenter ad illud attendamus quod praecipit sermo euangelicus, ita inquiens, 'Date et dabitur uobis;' uere sicut quidam dicit sapiens 'Hilarem datorem diligit deus.' Hac ergo salutari ammonitione adtactus ego Eadwardus annuente superna dei clementia rex tocius Anglicae nationis, huius saeculi caduca pro nichilo ducens, sed cum transitoriis aeternaliter permansura adipisci cupiens, fugitiuam et sine dubio transitoriam dare non differo possessiunculam, ut iugiter mansuram in regno Christi et dei recipiam. Proinde omnibus innotesco, me nunc aliquam telluris partem ouanter dedisse sancto Petro et co-apostolo eius Paulo, ut peccatorum meorum magnitudo ex parte releuetur a domino Iesu Christo, qui est uera et exoptata omnium peccatorum remissio. Huius ergo telluris uocabulum Pipmynster est appellatum illaque terra quindecim mansarum retinet amplitudinem, quam etiam sicut supradixi ad Uetustum dedi monasterium quod in ciuitate Wintonia est situm, et in honore supradictorum apostolorum consecratum, pro meae animae salute et parentum meorum. Sit autem praedicta terra ab omni mundiali seruitio libera, cum pascuis et pratis, siluarumque densitatibus, et cum omnibus aliis ad se rite pertinentibus, exceptis his tribus, communium utilitatum necessitatibus, hoc est, arcis recuperatione, uel pontis restauratione, seu expeditione in hostes patriae. Si quis autem, quod absit, diabolico inflatus spiritu hanc meae compositionis ac confirmationis scedulam demere uel infringere temptauerit, et terram supradictorum apostolorum per uiolentiam sibi usurpare praesumpserit, segregetur a dei consortio et participatione omnium sanctorum in hoc sancto monasterio requiescentium, et aeterna confusione edacibus tormentorum flammis deputetur in saecula saeculorum, nisi quantocius suam peruersam emendare curauerit rapinam per condignam satisfactionem. Praenotatae uero telluris limites ita plane sunt dilatatae. ˘is synd ∂era .xv. hida landgemere to Pipmynstre; ∂æt is, erest on binnacumbes broc; ∂onne andlang broces ondun to ∂ære hæcginge; ∂anon on gerihta on fyrslege; of forslege on ∂one eastran stream; andlang streames on Tugeles mor; of Tugeles more to ∂ære foxec; of ∂ære foxec to heardan geate; of heardan geate to Twinteles ham; of Twinteles hamme to deopa forda; of deopa forda east on gerihte to drindlea; of trindlea andlang broces to wægela byrig; of wegela byrig on ∂one gregean stan; of ∂an gregean stane to readan forda; of reada forda on gerihte to Scora dic; of Scora dic andlang herpa∂es to langgan hamme; of langgan hamme on ∂one gregean stan; of ∂am gregean stane upp on epsgweg to ∂ære greatan lindan; of ∂ære greatan lindam on oxena feld easteweardne upp to ∂am stanbeorge; of ∂am stanbeorge upp on wealderes weg to pidles beorge; of piples beorge on wi∂icumbes heafod; of wi∂icumbes heafde west on gerihta to ∂ære readan dic; of ∂ære readan dic nor∂ on gerihte on ∂one acbeara easteweardne; of ∂am acbeara west andlang herp∂es to ∂ære haran apelduran; of ∂ære haran apeldyran eft on binnacumbes broc. Anno dominicae incarnationis millesimo quadragessimo quarto, indictione duodecima, et septem concurrentibus, atque octodecim epactis rotantibus, haec regalis concessio atque donatio facta est, sub astipulatione primatum quorum nomina hic caraxata sunt.
Ego Eadwardus rex tocius Brittanniae praefatam meam donationem cum sigillo sanctae crucis regali stabilimento affirmaui.
Ego Ælfgyfu eiusdem regis mater hanc regalem donationem cum sigillo sanctae crucis ouanter diuulgaui.
Ego Eadsinus archiepiscopus triumphalem agiae crucis trophaeum huic regio muneri gaudenter impressi.
Ego Ælfricus archipraesul hanc territoriam scedulam signo sanctae crucis diligenter adsignare curaui.
Ego Ælfwinus Wintoniensis episcopus consolidaui.
Ego Byrhtwoldus Wiltuniensis episcopus coadunaui.
Ego Ælfweardus Lundoniensis episcopus corroboraui.
Ego Lyfingus Cridiensis episcopus confirmaui.
Ego Æ∂elstanus Herfordensis episcopus consigillaui.
Ego Eadno∂us Dorcensis episcopus conscripsi.
Ego Duduco Willensis episcopus condixi.
Ego Grimgillus Australium Saxonum episcopus consensi.
Ego Wulfsinus Licetfeldensis episcopus conclusi.
Ego Brihtwinus Scirburnensis episcopus commodum duxi.
Ego Godwine dux.
Ego Leofric dux.
Ego Siweard dux.
Ego Swegen dux.
Ego Ælfwine abbas.
Ego Æ∂elweard abbas.
Ego Siweard abbas.
Ego Leofsige abbas.
Ego Ælfsige abbas.
Ego Ælfstan abbas.
Ego Ordgar minister.
Ego Osgod minister.
Ego Odda minister.
Ego Ælfgar minister.
Ego Brichtric minister.
Ego Æ∂elwig minister.
Ego ˘ure∂ minister.
Ego Ælfstan minister.
Ego Carl minister.
Ego Ordulf minister.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1049. Whilst Earl Godwin (age 48) and Earl Beorn lay at Pevensey [Map] with their ships, came Earl Sweyne (age 28), and with a pretence requested of Earl Beorn, who was his uncle's son, that he would be his companion to the king at Sandwich, Kent [Map], and better his condition with him; adding, that he would swear oaths to him, and be faithful to him. Whereupon Beorn concluded, that he would not for their relationship betray him. He therefore took three companions with him, and they rode to Bosham, where his63 ships lay, as though they should proceed to Sandwich, Kent [Map]; but they suddenly bound him, and led him to the ships, and went thence with him to Dartmouth, Devon, where they ordered him to be slain and buried deep. He was afterwards found, and Harold (age 27) his cousin fetched him thence, and led him to Winchester, to the old minster, where he buried him with King Knute, his uncle.
Note 63. i.e. The ships of Sweyne, who had retired thither, as before described.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1052. This year, on the second day before the nones of March, died the aged Lady Elfgiva Emma (age 67), the mother of King Edward (age 49) and of King Hardacnute, the relict of King Ethelred and of King Knute; and her body lies in the old minster with King Knute.
John of Worcester. 1053. Rhys, the brother of Griffyth, king of South Wales, was put to death by order of king Edward (age 50) at a place called Bullington, Hampshire [Map], on account of the plundering inroads he had frequently made, and his head was brought to the king at Gloucester on the eve of our Lord's Epiphany [5th January]. In the same year, on the second day of the festival of Easter [12th April], which was celebrated at Winchester, Hampshire [Map], earl Godwin (age 52) came to his end while he was sitting at table with the king, according to his usual custom; for, being suddenly seized with a violent illness, he fell speechless from his seat. His sons, earl Harold (age 31), Tosti (age 27), and Gurth (age 21), perceiving it, carried him into the king's chamber, hoping that he would presently recover; but his strength failing, he died in great suffering on the fifth day afterwards [15th April], and was buried in the Old Minster. His son Harold succeeded to his earldom, and Harold's earldom was given to Algar, son of earl Leofric.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 15 Apr 1053. In this year was the king (age 50) at Winchester, Hampshire [Map], at Easter; and Earl Godwin (age 52) with him, and Earl Harold (age 31) his son, and Tosty (age 27). On the day after Easter sat he with the king at table; when he suddenly sunk beneath against the foot-rail, deprived of speech and of all his strength. He was brought into the king's chamber; and they supposed that it would pass over: but it was not so. He continued thus speechless and helpless till the Thursday; when he resigned his life, on the seventeenth before the calends of May; and he was buried at Winchester in the old minster. Earl Harold, his son, took to the earldom that his father had before, and to all that his father possessed; whilst Earl Elgar took to the earldom that Harold had before. The Welshmen this year slew a great many of the warders of the English people at Westbury, Wiltshire [Map]. This year there was no archbishop in this land: but Bishop Stigand held the see of Canterbury at Christ church, and Kinsey that of York. Leofwine and Wulfwy went over sea, and had themselves consecrated bishops there. Wulfwy took to the bishopric which Ulf had whilst he was living and in exile.
Florence of Worcester. 25 Jan 1129. William, bishop of Winchester, died on the eighth of the calends of February (25th January), and was buried at Winchester.
