Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Earl Marlborough is in Earldoms of England Alphabetically.
Earl Marlborough is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
5th February 1626. James Ley 1st Earl of Marlborough [aged 74] created.
1629. Son Henry Ley 2nd Earl of Marlborough [aged 33] succeeded.
1st April 1638. Son James Ley 3rd Earl Marlborough [aged 20] succeeded.
13th June 1665. Half Brother William Ley 4th Earl Marlborough [aged 53] succeeded. See Battle of Lowestoft.
1679. William Ley 4th Earl Marlborough extinct.
On 5th February 1626 James Ley 1st Earl of Marlborough [aged 74] was created 1st Earl Marlborough by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland [aged 25]. Jane Boteler Countess Marlborough by marriage Countess Marlborough.
In 1629 James Ley 1st Earl of Marlborough [aged 77] died. His son Henry [aged 33] succeeded 2nd Earl Marlborough. Mary Capell [aged 31] by marriage Countess Marlborough.
On 1st April 1638 Henry Ley 2nd Earl of Marlborough [aged 42] died. His son James [aged 20] succeeded 3rd Earl Marlborough and Mary Capell [aged 40].
On 3rd June 1665 at the Battle of Lowestoft an English fleet commanded by King James II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 31], Prince Rupert Palatinate Simmern 1st Duke Cumberland [aged 45] and Edward Montagu 1st Earl Sandwich [aged 39] defeated a Dutch Fleet.
Richard Boyle was killed.
Charles Maccarthy Viscount Muskerry was killed.
Charles Berkeley 1st Earl Falmouth [aged 35] was killed by a cannonball aboard the Royal Charles. Earl Falmouth extinct, Baron Botetourt Langport in Somerset extinct. His father Charles [aged 65] succeeded 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge of Berehaven in Kerry. Penelope Godolphin Viscountess Fitzhardinge by marriage Viscountess Fitzhardinge of Berehaven in Kerry. Possibly the only occasion when a father has succeeded his son.
Charles Weston 3rd Earl of Portland [deceased] was killed by a cannon shot. On 13th June 1665 His uncle Thomas [aged 55] succeeded 4th Earl of Portland, 4th Baron Weston of Nayland in Suffolk.
Thomas Allin 1st Baronet [aged 53] was present.
Admiral Jeremy Smith commanded the Mary.
Captain George Batts fought. He was assigned to Sir George Ayscue's [aged 49] division in the Blue Squadron.
James Ley 3rd Earl Marlborough [aged 47] was killed at the Battle of Lowestoft commanding Old James attempting to recover a captured ship. His half brother William [aged 53] succeeded 4th Earl Marlborough.
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In 1679 William Ley 4th Earl Marlborough [aged 67] died. Earl Marlborough extinct.
Earl of Marlborough is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Succeeded Countesses of England, Extant Earldoms of England.
Summary
9th April 1689. John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough [aged 38] created.
16th June 1722. Daughter Henrietta Churchill 2nd Duchess of Marlborough [aged 40] succeeded.
24th October 1733. Nephew Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough [aged 26] succeeded.
20th October 1758. Son George Spencer 4th Duke of Marlborough [aged 19] succeeded.
29th January 1817. Son George Spencer-Churchill 5th Duke of Marlborough [aged 50] succeeded.
5th March 1840. Son George Spencer-Churchill 6th Duke of Marlborough [aged 46] succeeded.
1st July 1857. Son John Winston Spencer-Churchill 7th Duke of Marlborough [aged 35] succeeded.
5th July 1883. Son George Charles Spencer-Churchill 8th Duke of Marlborough [aged 39] succeeded.
9th November 1892. Son Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill 9th Duke of Marlborough [aged 20] succeeded.
30th June 1934. Son John Albert William Spencer-Churchill 10th Duke of Marlborough [aged 36] succeeded.
11th March 1972. Son John Spencer-Churchill 11th Duke of Marlborough [aged 45] succeeded.
16th October 2014. Son James Spencer-Churchill 12th Duke of Marlborough [aged 58] succeeded.
On 9th April 1689 John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough [aged 38] was created 1st Earl of Marlborough.
On 16th June 1722 John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough [aged 72] died at Cranbourne Lodge, Windsor. His daughter Henrietta [aged 40] succeeded 2nd Duchess Marlborough, 2nd Marchioness of Blandford, 2nd Countess of Marlborough, 2nd Baroness Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire. Francis Godolphin 2nd Earl Godolphin [aged 43] by marriage Duke Marlborough.
On 24th October 1733 Henrietta Churchill 2nd Duchess of Marlborough [aged 52] died. Her nephew Charles [aged 26] succeeded 3rd Duke Marlborough, 3rd Marquess of Blandford, 3rd Earl of Marlborough, 3rd Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire. Elizabeth Trevor Duchess of Marlborough [aged 20] by marriage Duchess Marlborough.
On 20th October 1758 Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough [aged 51] died. His son George [aged 19] succeeded 4th Duke Marlborough, 4th Marquess of Blandford, 4th Earl of Marlborough, 4th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 6th Earl of Sunderland, 8th Baron Spencer Wormleighton.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 29th January 1817 George Spencer 4th Duke of Marlborough [aged 78] died. His son George [aged 50] succeeded 5th Duke Marlborough, 5th Marquess of Blandford, 5th Earl of Marlborough, 5th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 7th Earl of Sunderland, 9th Baron Spencer Wormleighton. Susan Stewart Duchess of Marlborough [aged 49] by marriage Duchess Marlborough.
On 5th March 1840 George Spencer-Churchill 5th Duke of Marlborough [aged 73] died. His son George [aged 46] succeeded 6th Duke Marlborough, 6th Marquess of Blandford, 6th Earl of Marlborough, 6th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 8th Earl of Sunderland, 10th Baron Spencer Wormleighton. Jane Stewart Duchess of Marlborough [aged 42] by marriage Duchess Marlborough.
On 1st July 1857 George Spencer-Churchill 6th Duke of Marlborough [aged 63] died. His son John [aged 35] succeeded 7th Duke Marlborough, 7th Marquess of Blandford, 7th Earl of Marlborough, 7th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 9th Earl of Sunderland, 11th Baron Spencer Wormleighton. Frances Anne Emily Vane Duchess of Marlborough [aged 35] by marriage Duchess Marlborough.
On 5th July 1883 John Winston Spencer-Churchill 7th Duke of Marlborough [aged 61] died. His son George [aged 39] succeeded 8th Duke Marlborough, 8th Marquess of Blandford, 8th Earl of Marlborough, 8th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 10th Earl of Sunderland, 12th Baron Spencer Wormleighton. Albertha Frances Anne Hamilton Duchess of Marlborough [aged 36] by marriage Duchess Marlborough.
On 9th November 1892 George Charles Spencer-Churchill 8th Duke of Marlborough [aged 48] died. His son Charles [aged 20] succeeded 9th Duke Marlborough, 9th Marquess of Blandford, 9th Earl of Marlborough, 9th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 11th Earl of Sunderland, 13th Baron Spencer Wormleighton.
On 30th June 1934 Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill 9th Duke of Marlborough [aged 62] died. His son John [aged 36] succeeded 10th Duke Marlborough, 10th Marquess of Blandford, 10th Earl of Marlborough, 10th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 12th Earl of Sunderland, 14th Baron Spencer Wormleighton. Alexandra Mary Cadogan Duchess of Marlborough [aged 34] by marriage Duchess Marlborough.
On 11th March 1972 John Albert William Spencer-Churchill 10th Duke of Marlborough [aged 74] died. He was buried at St Martin's Church, Bladon [Map] next to the grave of his first wife Alexandra Mary Cadogan Duchess of Marlborough who died in 1961. His son John [aged 45] succeeded 11th Duke Marlborough, 11th Marquess of Blandford, 11th Earl of Marlborough, 11th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 13th Earl of Sunderland, 15th Baron Spencer Wormleighton.
On 16th October 2014 John Spencer-Churchill 11th Duke of Marlborough [aged 88] died. His son James [aged 58] succeeded 12th Duke Marlborough, 12th Marquess of Blandford, 12th Earl of Marlborough, 12th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 14th Earl of Sunderland, 16th Baron Spencer Wormleighton.