Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Antonio de la Gándara 1861-1917

Antonio de la Gándara is in Painters.

On 16th December 1861 Antonio de la Gándara was born. His father was of Spanish ancestry, born in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, and his mother was from England.

1888. Antonio de la Gándara (age 26). Self-portrait.

1898. Antonio de la Gándara (age 36). Portrait of Maria Hardouin (age 33).

Maria Hardouin: On 30th January 1864 she was born to Jules Hardouin. On 28th July 1883 Gabriele D'Annunzio and she were married. On 18th January 1954 she died.

1898. Antonio de la Gándara (age 36). Portrait of Princess Anna Elisabeth Bibesco Bassaraba de Brancovan (age 21).

1898. Antonio de la Gándara (age 36). Portrait of Virginie Amélie Avegno "Madame Gautreau" (age 38).

Around 1903. Antonio de la Gándara (age 41). Portrait of Ida Rubinstein (age 19).

1913. Antonio de la Gándara (age 51). Portrait de Madame Louis Rosenau.

1913. Antonio de la Gándara (age 51). Portrait Of Ambassador Del Solar And His children.

Before 1917. Antonio de la Gándara (age 55). Portrait of Madame Rene Prejean.

On 30th June 1917 Antonio de la Gándara (age 55) died. he was buried at Pére Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.