Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Arthur II Duke Brittany 1261-1312

Paternal Family Tree: Capet

Maternal Family Tree: Margaret Geneva Countess Savoy 1180-1252

Arthur II Duke Brittany was appointed Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux.

On 22nd January 1260 [his father] John II Duke Brittany [aged 21] and [his mother] Beatrice Plantagenet [aged 17] were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] King Henry III of England [aged 52] and [his grandmother] Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England [aged 37]. He the son of John "The Red" Capet I Duke Brittany [aged 42] and Blanche "Navarre" Blois Duchess Brittany [aged 34]. They were half second cousin twice removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England.

On 25th July 1261 Arthur II Duke Brittany was born to [his father] John II Duke Brittany [aged 22] and [his mother] Beatrice Plantagenet [aged 19]. He a grandson of King Henry III of England.

In 1275 Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 13] and Marie Limoges Duchess Brittany were married. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. He the son of John II Duke Brittany [aged 36] and Beatrice Plantagenet [aged 32]. They were third cousins. He a grandson of King Henry III of England.

On 24th March 1275 [his mother] Beatrice Plantagenet [aged 32] died in London. She was buried at Greyfriars Church Farringdon Within [Map].

On 15th October 1285 King Alexander III of Scotland [aged 44] and [his future wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. The difference in their ages was 21 years. She the daughter of Robert Capet IV Count Dreux and [his future mother-in-law] Beatrice Montfort Countess Dreux [aged 36]. He the son of King Alexander II of Scotland and Marie Coucy. They were half second cousin twice removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 8th March 1286 [his son] John III Duke Brittany was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 24] and [his wife] Marie Limoges Duchess Brittany. He a great grandson of King Henry III of England. He married (1) 1297 his third cousin Isabelle Valois Duchess Brittany, daughter of Charles Valois I Count Valois and Margaret Capet Countess Valois (2) 1310 his fourth cousin once removed Isabella of Castile Queen Consort Aragon, daughter of Sancho IV King Castile IV King Leon and Maria Molina Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon (3) 1329 his second cousin Joan of Savoy Duchess Brittany, daughter of Edward "Liberal" Savoy Count Savoy and Blanche Burgundy Countess Savoy.

On 19th March 1286 King Alexander III of Scotland [aged 44] died from a fall from a horse at Kinghorn Ness while riding in the dark to visit the [his future wife] Queen [aged 22] at Kinghorn in Fife because it was her birthday the next day. His granddaughter Margaret [aged 2] succeeded I Queen Scotland.

On 8th October 1286 [his grandfather] John "The Red" Capet I Duke Brittany [aged 68] died. His son [his father] John [aged 47] succeeded 2nd Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux, 3rd Earl Richmond.

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

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In 1287 [his son] Guy Capet Count Penthièvre was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 25] and [his wife] Marie Limoges Duchess Brittany. He a great grandson of King Henry III of England. He married before 1319 Jeanne Avaugour Countess Penthièvre and had issue.

In 1289 [his son] Peter Capet was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 27] and [his wife] Marie Limoges Duchess Brittany. He a great grandson of King Henry III of England.

In 1291 [his wife] Marie Limoges Duchess Brittany died.

In or before 1295 Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 33] and Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 31] were married. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. She the daughter of Robert Capet IV Count Dreux and Beatrice Montfort Countess Dreux [aged 46]. He the son of John II Duke Brittany [aged 55] and Beatrice Plantagenet. They were third cousins. He a grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

In 1295 [his son] John Montfort IV Duke Brittany was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 33] and [his wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 31] at Hennebont. He a great grandson of King Henry III of England. He married 1329 his third cousin once removed Joanna of Flanders Duchess Brittany, daughter of Louis Dampierre I Count Nevers and Joan Rethel Countess Nevers and Rethel, and had issue.

In 1295 [his daughter] Beatrice Montfort was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 33] and [his wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 31]. She a great granddaughter of King Henry III of England. She married Guy 10th de Laval Baron and had issue.

In 1296 [his daughter] Joan Montfort was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 34] and [his wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 32]. She a great granddaughter of King Henry III of England. She married her third cousin Robert Dampierre Count Marle, son of Robert Dampierre III Count Flanders and Yolande Burgundy II Countess Nevers and Flanders, and had issue.

In 1297 [his daughter] Alice Montfort was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 35] and [his wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 33]. She a great granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

In 1297 [his son] John III Duke Brittany [aged 10] and [his daughter-in-law] Isabelle Valois Duchess Brittany [aged 5] were married. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. She the daughter of Charles Valois I Count Valois [aged 26] and Margaret Capet Countess Valois [aged 24]. They were third cousins. He a great grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Around 1300 [his daughter] Blanche Montfort was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 38] and [his wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 36]. She a great granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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In 1302 [his daughter] Marie Montfort was born to Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 40] and [his wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 38]. She a great granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

Battle of Mons en Pévèle

On 18th August 1304 [his father] John II Duke Brittany [aged 65] fought during the Battle of Mons en Pévèle.

William IV Count of Auxerre [aged 34] was killed.

On 18th November 1305 [his father] John II Duke Brittany [aged 66] died. His son Arthur [aged 44] succeeded 3rd Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux.

On 15th October 1306 [his brother] John Capet 4th Earl Richmond [aged 40] was restored 4th Earl Richmond.

In 1310 [his son] John III Duke Brittany [aged 23] and [his daughter-in-law] Isabella of Castile Queen Consort Aragon [aged 27] were married. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. She the daughter of Sancho IV King Castile IV King Leon and Maria Molina Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

In 1312 [his son] Peter Capet [aged 23] died.

On 27th August 1312 Arthur II Duke Brittany [aged 51] died.

On 2nd August 1330 [his former wife] Yolande of Dreux Queen of Scotland [aged 67] died.

Arthur II Duke Brittany 1261-1312 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

Royal Ancestors of Arthur II Duke Brittany 1261-1312

Kings Wessex: Great x 7 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings England: Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 6 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 14 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 8 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 11 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Royal Descendants of Arthur II Duke Brittany 1261-1312
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Yolande of Bar Queen Consort Aragon [1]

King Louis of Naples [1]

Jean III King Navarre [1]

Anne of Brittany Queen Consort France [1]

Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland [2]

Antoine King Navarre [3]

Catherine Medici Queen Consort France [1]

Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [1]

Maximilian "The Great" Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria I Elector Bavaria [1]

Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress [1]

Marie de Medici Queen Consort France [1]

Electress Louise Juliana of the Palatine Rhine [1]

Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [2]

Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain [2]

Anna of Austria Holy Roman Empress [3]

John George Wettin Elector Saxony [1]

Frederick William "Great Elector" Hohenzollern Elector Brandenburg [1]

Eleonora Gonzaga Queen Consort Bohemia [5]

Maria Leopoldine Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Bohemia [2]

Hedwig Eleonora Queen Consort Sweden [1]

Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal [6]

Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [1]

Victor Amadeus King Sardinia [7]

Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [1]

Maria Anna Neuburg Queen Consort Spain [2]

Frederick I King Sweden [3]

Joseph I Holy Roman Emperor [2]

Charles Habsburg Spain VI Holy Roman Emperor [2]

Adolph Frederick King Sweden [1]

King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [2]

William Elector of Hesse [3]

Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England [1]

Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [2]

Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [3]

Caroline of Brunswick Queen Consort England [2]

Frederick William III King Prussia [1]

Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover [2]

Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [2]

King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark [3]

Frederick William IV King Prussia [2]

William I King Prussia [2]

Frederick VII King of Denmark [5]

Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark [6]

King Christian IX of Denmark [3]

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [4]

Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway [5]

Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia [11]

King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [11]

Maria Christina of Austria Queen Consort Spain [3]

Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England [6]

Frederick Charles I King Finland [6]

Constantine I King Greece [3]

Alexandrine Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark [8]

Victoria Eugénie Mountbatten Queen Consort Spain [14]

Louise Mountbatten Queen Consort Sweden [17]

Ingrid Bernadotte Queen Consort Denmark [13]

Philip Mountbatten Duke Edinburgh [20]

Carl XVI King Sweden [27]

Diana Spencer Princess Wales [2]

Ancestors of Arthur II Duke Brittany 1261-1312

Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis VI King of the Franks

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert "Great" Capet I Count Dreux

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelaide Savoy Queen Consort France

Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Capet II Count Dreux

Great x 3 Grandmother: Agnes Baudemont Countess Dreux

Great x 1 Grandfather: Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany

Great x 4 Grandfather: Enguerrand Coucy

Great x 3 Grandfather: Raoul Coucy

Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnes Beaugency

Great x 2 Grandmother: Yolande Coucy Countess Dreux

Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin Flanders IV Count Hainaut

Great x 3 Grandmother: Agnes Flanders

Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Namur Countess Hainault

GrandFather: John "The Red" Capet I Duke Brittany 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Aimery Thouars V Viscount Thouars

Great x 3 Grandfather: Geoffrey Thouars IV Viscount Thouars

Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnes Poitiers Queen Consort Aragon

Great x 2 Grandfather: Guy Thouars

Great x 3 Grandmother: Aenor Lusignan Viscountess Thouars

Great x 4 Grandmother: Saracine Lezay Countess Lusignan and La Marche

Great x 1 Grandmother: Alix Thouars Duchess of Brittany 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Conan "The Young" Penthièvre IV Duke Brittany Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Bertha Canhiart I Duchess Brittany Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Constance Penthièvre Duchess Brittany 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Father: John II Duke Brittany 5 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Theobald Blois II Count Champagne IV Count Blois Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Blois I Count Champagne Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Matilda Carinthia Countess Champagne and Blois

Great x 2 Grandfather: Theobald Blois III Count Champagne 2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Theobald IV King Navarre 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: García "Restorer" IV King Navarre

Great x 3 Grandfather: Sancho "Wise" King Navarre

Great x 2 Grandmother: Blanche Ramirez

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sancha Ivrea

GrandMother: Blanche "Navarre" Blois Duchess Brittany 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Guichard IV of Beaujeu

Great x 1 Grandmother: Agnes of Beaujeu Countess Savoy

Arthur II Duke Brittany Grand Son of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Fulk "Young" King Jerusalem

Great x 3 Grandfather: Geoffrey Plantagenet Duke Normandy

Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermengarde of Maine Countess of Anjou

Great x 2 Grandfather: King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: King Henry I "Beauclerc" England Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Empress Matilda Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 1 Grandfather: King John of England Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: William "Saint" Poitiers X Duke Aquitaine

Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa Rouerge Duchess Aquitaine

Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Aimery Chatellerault Viscount Châtellerault

Great x 3 Grandmother: Aenor Chatellerault Duchess Aquitaine

Great x 4 Grandmother: Dangereuse Ile Bouchard Viscountess Chatellerault

GrandFather: King Henry III of England Son of King John of England

Great x 1 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis VI King of the Franks

Great x 3 Grandfather: Peter Courtenay

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelaide Savoy Queen Consort France

Great x 2 Grandmother: Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême

Great x 4 Grandfather: Renaud Courtenay

Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Courtenay

Great x 4 Grandmother: Helene du Donjon

Mother: Beatrice Plantagenet Daughter of King Henry III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Raymond V Count Barcelona

Great x 3 Grandfather: Alfonso II King Aragon

Great x 4 Grandmother: Petronilla Jiménez Queen Aragon

Great x 2 Grandfather: Alfonso Barcelona II Count Provence

Great x 1 Grandfather: Raymond IV Count Provence

Great x 3 Grandfather: Rainou of Sabran

Great x 2 Grandmother: Gersenda II Sabran Countess Provence

GrandMother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Amadeus Savoy III Count Savoy

Great x 3 Grandfather: Humbert Savoy III Count Savoy

Great x 4 Grandmother: Mahaut Albon Countess Savoy

Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Savoy I Count Savoy

Great x 3 Grandmother: Beatrice Macon Countess Savoy

Great x 1 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence

Great x 3 Grandfather: William I Count Geneva

Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Geneva Countess Savoy