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On this Day in History ... 1st July

01 Jul is in July.

1364 Death of John II King France

1450 Jack Cade's Rebellion

1522 Sacking of Morlaix

1528 Sweating Sickness Outbreak

1535 Execution of Bishop Fisher and Thomas More

1665 Great Plague of London

1690 Battle of the Boyne

1906 Salisbury Railway Disaster

1916 Battle of the Somme

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 1st July

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 690. This year Archbishop Theodore (age 88), who had been bishop twenty-two winters, departed this life22, and was buried within the city of Canterbury [Map]. Bertwald, who before this was abbot of Reculver [Map], on the calends of July succeeded him in the see; which was ere this filled by Romish bishops, but henceforth with English. Then were there two kings in Kent, Wihtred (age 20) and Webherd.

Note 22. He was a native of Tarsus in Cilicia, the birth-place of St. Paul.

Bede. Bertwald succeeded Theodore in the archbishopric, being abbot of the monastery called Racuulfe [Map], which stands at the northern mouth of the river Genlade. He was a man learned in the Scriptures, and perfectly instructed in ecclesiastical and monastic teaching, yet in no wise to be compared to his predecessor. He was chosen bishop in the year of our Lord 692, on the first day of July, when Wictred (age 22) and Suaebhard were kings in Kent; but he was ordained the next year, on Sunday the 29th of June, by Godwin, metropolitan bishop of Gaul, and was enthroned on Sunday the 31st of August. Among the many bishops whom he ordained was Tobias, a man instructed in the Latin, Greek, and Saxon tongues, and otherwise of manifold learning, whom he consecrated in the stead of Gedmund, bishop of the Church of Rochester, who had died.

On 01 Jul 692 Archbishop Berhtwald was elected Archbishop of York.

On 01 Jul 1336 Philip Duke Valois was born to King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France (age 42) and Joan "Lame" Burgundy Queen Consort France (age 43) at the Château de Vincennes. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.00%.

On 01 Jul 1364 King John "The Good" II of France was informed that his son had escaped from his captivity. John announced he would return to England as a matter of honour. He left around Dec 1363 arriving in London to parades and feasts.

On 08 Apr 1364 King John "The Good" II of France died at Savoy Palace [Map]. His son King Charles V of France (age 25) succeeded V King France: Capet Valois.

Chronicle of Gregory 1450. 01 Jul 1450. Ande aftyr that, uppon the first day of Juylle, the same captayne come agayne, as the Kenttysche men said, but it was a-nothyr that namyd hymselfe the captayne, and he come to the Blacke Hethe [Map]. And uppon the morowe he come whythe a grette hoste yn to Sowtheworke [Map], and at the Whythe Herte he toke his loggynge.

Patent Rolls Henry VI 1452-1461. 01 Jul 1453. Grant to Edmund, earl of Richemond (age 23), and Jasper, earl of Pembroke (age 21), and their heirs, of the manors or lordships of Solyhull and Sheldon, co. Warwick, and of a messuage called "le Hide," 100 acres of land, 2 acres of meadow and 20 acres of wood in Langley Abbots, co. Hertford, with all their appurtenances; in lieu of a grant of the keeping of the said messuage and land to Bartholomew Halley, esquire, by letters patent dated 12 July, 29 Henry VI, and a grant of the keeping of the said messuage and manors to the said earls by letters patent dated 28 March last, surrendered. By K. etc.

On 01 Jul 1480 Bishop Thomas Langton was presented to All Hallows Church, Bread Street.

On 01 Jul 1482 Unamed Trastámara was born to Ferdinand II King Aragon (age 30) and Isabella Queen Castile (age 31). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.23%.

On 01 Jul 1522 Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (age 79) was present at Morlaix during the Sacking of Morlaix. Giles Hussey (age 27) was knighted by Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk.

Letters and Papers 1527. 01 Jul 1527. Love Letters VIII. 3219. Henry VIII (age 36) to Anne Boleyn (age 26).

Though it is not for a gentleman to take his lady in the place of a servant, nevertheless, according to your desire, I shall willingly grant it if thereby I may find you less ungrateful in the place chosen by yourself than you have been in the place given you by me; thanking you most heartily that you are pleased still to have some remembrance of me.

Letters and Papers 1527. 01 Jul 1527. Love Letters IV. 3218. Henry VIII (age 36) to Anne Boleyn (age 26).

I have been in great agony about the contents of your letters, not knowing whether to construe them to my disadvantage "comme en des aucunes autres," or to my advantage. I beg to know expressly your intention touching the love between us. Necessity compels me to obtain this answer, having been more than a year wounded by the dart of love, and not yet sure whether I shall fail or find a place in your affection. This has prevented me naming you my mistress; for if you love me with no more than ordinary love, the name is not appropriate to you, for it denotes a singularity far from the common. But if it please you to do the office of a true, loyal mistress, and give yourself, body and heart, to me, who have been and mean to be your loyal servant, I promise you not only the name, but that I shall make you my sole mistress, remove all others from my affection, and serve you only. Give me a full answer on which I can rely; and if you do not like to answer by letter, appoint some place where I can have it by word of mouth.

Letters and Papers 1527. 01 Jul 1528. Love Letters X. 3220. Henry VIII (age 37) to Anne Boleyn (age 27).

Although, my mistress, you have not been pleased to remember your promise when I was last with you, to let me hear news of you and have an answer to my last, I think it the part of a true servant to inquire after his mistress's health and send you this, desiring to hear of your prosperity. I also send by the bearer a buck killed by me late last night, hoping when you eat of it you will think of the hunter. Written by the hand of your servant, who often wishes you in the place of your brother.

Letters and Papers 1528. 01 Jul 1528. R. O. 4450. Sir William Sandys (age 58) to Wolsey.

Does not presume to visit the King or Wolsey, as he has had the sweat in his house. Desires to have some of the offices of the late Sir William Compton (deceased). He was steward to Cicester, Malmesbury, and many other religious places. Desires Wolsey would write letters to them, willing them to give the said stewardships to Sandys. At the Vyne, 1 July.

P.S.—Begs some of the offices for his poor brother, who has much chargeable business. Sends a schedule of the vacant places.

Letters and Papers 1527. 01 Jul 1528. Love Letters I. 3221. Henry VIII (age 37) to Anne Boleyn (age 27).

I and my heart put ourselves in your hands. Let not absence lessen your affection; for it causes us more pain than I should ever have thought, reminding us of a point of astronomy that the longer the days are, the further off is the sun, and yet the heat is all the greater. So it is with our love, which keeps its fervour in absence, at least on our side. Prolonged absence would be intolerable, but for my firm hope in your indissoluble affection. As I cannot be with you in person, I send you my picture set in bracelets.

On 01 Jul 1534 Frederick II King Denmark was born to Christian III King Denmark (age 30) and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 23).

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1530-1539. 01 Jul 1535. This yeare allso, the first day of Julie, beinge Thursdaye, Sir Thomas More (age 57), knight, sometyme Chauncellor of England, was death, arreigned at Westminster for highe treason and there condemned,c and the Tuesday after, beinge the 6th of Julie, he was beheaded at the Tower Hill, and his bodie was buried within the chappell in the Tower of London [Map], and his head was sett on London Bridge. The effect of his death was for the same causse that the Bishopp of Rochester (deceased) died for.d

Note c. The interrogatories and answers of Sir Thomas More and Bishop Fisher will he found printed in the first rolume of State Papers, pp. 431-6.

Note d. For refusing to subscribe the new Oath of Supremacy as enacted hy the last parliament "This Act," said Sir Thomas More, "is like a sword with two edges, for if a man answer one way it will destroy the soul, and if he answer another it will destroy the body."

On 01 Jul 1555 John Braford Reformer (age 45) was burned at the stake.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Jul 1559. The furst day of July all the craftes of London send owt a (blank) men of armes, as well be-sene as ever was when owt of London, boyth waffelers in cott of velvet and cheynes, with gunes, mores-pykes, and halbardes, and flages, and in-to the duke of Suffoke('s) parke in Sowthwarke, and ther they mustered a-for my lord mayre (age 50); and ther was a howsse for bred and dryng [drink], to gyffe the sawgyars [soldiers] to ett and drynke, and they then after thay lay and mustered in sant Gorges ffeld tyll x of the cloke. [The next morning they removed towards Greenwich, Kent [Map] to the court there, and thence into Greenwich park, where they tarried] tyll viij of the cloke, and then thay [marched] to the lawne, and ther thay mustered in harnes, [and the gunners] in shurttes of maylle, and at v of the cloke at nyght the Quen (age 25) [came] in to the galere of the parke gatt, and the inbassadurs and lordes [and ladies, to a] grett nombur, and my lord marques, and my lord admerall (age 49), and my [lord Robert Dudley (age 27), and] dyvers mo lordes and knyghtes, and they rod to and fro [to view them, and] to sett the ij batelles in a-ray; and after cam trumpeters bluwing [on] boyth partes, and the drumes and fluttes; and iij ansettes [onsets] in evere bat[elle]; so thay marchyd forward, and so the gunes shott and the morespykes [en]contered to-gether with gratt larum, and after reculyd bake [again]; after the towne army lost ther pykes and ther gunes and bylle .. rely, and contenent they wher sturyd with a-larum; and so evere man toke to ther weypons agayne; by and by the trumpetes and the drumes and gones playd, and shott, and so they whent to-gether as fast as they could. Al thys wyll the Quen('s) grace and the inbasadurs and the lordes and lades be-held the skymychsyng; and after they reculyd bake agayn; and after master chamburlayn and dyvers of the commenars and the wyffelers cam to the Quen, and ther the Quen('s) grace thankyd them hartely, and all the cette [city]; and contenent ther was the grettest showtt that ever was hard, and hurlyng up of capes [caps], that her grace was so mere [merry], for ther was a-buyff above lyk M [1000] pepull besyd the men that mustered; and after ther was runyng at the tyltt, and after evere [man] home to London and odur plasses.

Note. P. 202. Muster before the queen in Greenwich park. Stowe has described this muster at some length. The Grocers' company were, by a precept from the lord mayor, required to contribute to it "190 personnes, apte and picked men; whereof 60 to be with calyvers, flaskes, touche-boxes, morions, swordes, and daggers; 95 to be in corselettes, with halbertes, swordes, and daggers, for a shewe at Greenwich." Heath's Hist, of the Grocers' Company, p. 65.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Jul 1562. The furst day of July was the Marchand-tayllers' fest, and dynyd my lord mare (age 66), the yerle of Sussex (age 37), the yerle of Kyldare (age 37), ser (blank) Stanley, and ser Thomas Whytt, ser Thomas Offeley (age 62) and master Ro .., ser Wyllyam Huett, ser Marten Bowes (age 65), master Cowper, master Allen, master Gyl[bert,] master Chamburlayn altherman, master Champyon, master Avenon, master Malere, and master Baskerfeld, and the master and the iiij wardens and the clarkes and the bedyll of the Skynnars, and mony worshephull men, and mony lades and gentyllwomen, and they had agaynst the dynner iijxx and (blank) bukes [bucks] and iiij stages; and master Wylliam Allen (age 47) electyd shreyff for the quen, and master Whettelle the master, and master Raff Whytt hed warden and master Mar .. and master serjant Halle and master Browne wardens; and master Garter (age 52) and master Clarenshux (age 52) dynyd there.

Note. P. 287. The Skinners attend the Merchant-taylors' feast. In the 1st Rich. III. a dispute for precedency between the Skinners and Merchant-taylors was determined by agreement that either should take precedence in alternate years, and that the master and wardens of each should dine with the other company on their respective feasts of Corpus Christi and the Nativity of St. John the Baptist. See the ordinance effecting this arrangement in Herbert's Twelve City Companies, vol. ii. p. 319; and see remarks by the present writer in Archæologia, vol. xxx. p. 500.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1616. 01 Jul 1616. Upon the 1st Lord Hobart came to Dorset House where I acknowledged a fine to him of a great part of my thirds in my Lord's (age 27) land but my Lord gave me his faithful word and promise that in Michaelmas 'Term next he would make me a jointure of the full thirds of his living. About 1 o’clock I set forward on my journey. My Lord brought me down to the coach side where we had a loving and kind parting1.

Note 1. About this time Acton (Note: Acton Curvett, chief footman) my Lord’s Footman, lost his race to my Lord Salisbury and my Lord lost 200 twenty shilling pieces by betting on his side.

On 01 Jul 1641 George Hastings (age 51) died of plague.

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Jul 1648. I sate for my picture, in which there is a Death's head, to Mr. Walker (age 49), that excellent painter.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1662. So by water home, and after half an hour sitting talking with my wife, who was afeard I did intend to go with my Lord to fetch the Queen mother (age 52) over, in which I did clear her doubts, I went to bed by daylight, in order to my rising early to-morrow.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1663. Thence by water with Sir W. Batten (age 62) to Trinity House, Deptford [Map], there to dine with him, which we did; and after dinner we fell talking, Sir J. Minnes (age 64), Mr. Batten and I; Mr. Batten telling us of a late triall of Sir Charles Sydly (age 24) the other day, before my Lord Chief Justice Foster and the whole bench, for his debauchery a little while since at Oxford Kate's1, coming in open day into the Balcone and showed his nakedness,.... and abusing of scripture and as it were from thence preaching a mountebank sermon from the pulpit, saying that there he had to sell such a powder as should make all the (women) in town run after him, 1000 people standing underneath to see and hear him, and that being done he took a glass of wine.... and then drank it off, and then took another and drank the King's health. It seems my Lord and the rest of the judges did all of them round give him a most high reproof; my Lord Chief justice saying, that it was for him, and such wicked wretches as he was, that God's anger and judgments hung over us, calling him sirrah many times. It's said they have bound him to his good behaviour (there being no law against him for it) in £5000. It being told that my Lord Buckhurst (age 20) was there, my Lord asked whether it was that Buckhurst that was lately tried for robbery; and when answered Yes, he asked whether he had so soon forgot his deliverance at that time, and that it would have more become him to have been at his prayers begging God's forgiveness, than now running into such courses again...

Note 1. The details in the original are very gross. Dr. Johnson relates the story in the "Lives of the Poets", in his life of Sackville, Lord Dorset "Sackville, who was then Lord Buckhurst, with Sir Charles Sedley and Sir Thomas Ogle, got drunk at the Cock, in Bow Street, by Covent Garden [Map], and going into the balcony exposed themselves to the populace in very indecent postures. At last, as they grew warmer, Sedley stood forth naked, and harangued the populace in such profane language, that the publick indignation was awakened; the crowd attempted to force the door, and being repulsed, drove in the performers with stones, and broke the windows of the house. For this misdemeanour they were indicted, and Sedley was fined five hundred pounds; what was the sentence of the others is not known. Sedley employed Henry Killigrew and another to procure a remission from the King (age 33), but (mark the friendship of the dissolute!) they begged the fine for themselves, and exacted it to the last groat". (The woman known as Oxford Kate appears to have kept the notorious Cock Tavern in Bow Street at this date.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1663. Walking out, I hear that the House of Lords are offended that my Lord Digby (age 50) should come to this House and make a speech there without leave first asked of the House of Lords. I hear also of another difficulty now upon him; that my Lord of Sunderland (age 21) (whom I do not know) was so near to the marriage of his daughter (age 17) as that the wedding-clothes were made, and portion and every thing agreed on and ready; and the other day he goes away nobody yet knows whither, sending her the next morning a release of his right or claim to her, and advice to his friends not to enquire into the reason of this doing, for he hath enough for it; but that he gives them liberty to say and think what they will of him, so they do not demand the reason of his leaving her, being resolved never to have her, but the reason desires and resolves not to give.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1663. Thence home, and my clerks being gone by my leave to see the East India ships that are lately come home, I staid all alone within my office all the afternoon. This day I hear at dinner that Don John of Austria (age 34), since his flight out of Portugall, is dead of his wounds: (not true) so there is a great man gone, and a great dispute like to be ended for the crown of Spayne, if the King (age 58) should have died before him.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1663. I to St. James's, and there discoursed a while with Mr. Coventry (age 35), between whom and myself there is very good understanding and friendship, and so to Westminster Hall [Map], and being in the Parliament lobby, I there saw my Lord of Bristol (age 50) come to the Commons House to give his answer to their question, about some words he should tell the King (age 33) that were spoke by Sir Richard Temple (age 29), a member of their House. A chair was set at the bar of the House for him, which he used but little, but made an harangue of half an hour bareheaded, the House covered. His speech being done, he came out and withdrew into a little room till the House had concluded of an answer to his speech; which they staying long upon, I went away. And by and by out comes Sir W. Batten (age 62); and he told me that his Lordship had made a long and a comedian-like speech, and delivered with such action as was not becoming his Lordship. He confesses he did tell the King such a thing of Sir Richard Temple, but that upon his honour they were not spoke by Sir Richard, he having taken a liberty of enlarging to the King upon the discourse which had been between Sir Richard and himself lately; and so took upon himself the whole blame, and desired their pardon, it being not to do any wrong to their fellow-member, but out of zeal to the King. He told them, among many other things, that as to his religion he was a Roman Catholique, but such a one as thought no man to have right to the Crown of England but the Prince that hath it; and such a one as, if the King should desire his counsel as to his own, he would not advise him to another religion than the old true reformed religion of this country, it being the properest of this kingdom as it now stands; and concluded with a submission to what the House shall do with him, saying, that whatever they shall do, says he, "thanks be to God, this head, this heart, and this sword (pointing to them all), will find me a being in any place in Europe". The House hath hereupon voted clearly Sir Richard Temple to be free from the imputation of saying those words; but when Sir William Batten came out, had not concluded what to say to my Lord, it being argued that to own any satisfaction as to my Lord from his speech, would be to lay some fault upon the King for the message he should upon no better accounts send to the impeaching of one of their members.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1663. By and by comes Roger, and he told us the whole passage of my Lord Digby (age 50) to-day, much as I have said here above; only that he did say that he would draw his sword against the Pope himself, if he should offer any thing against his Majesty, and the good of these nations; and that he never was the man that did either look for a Cardinal's cap for himself, or any body else, meaning Abbot Montagu (age 60); and the House upon the whole did vote Sir Richard Temple (age 29) innocent; and that my Lord Digby hath cleared the honour of his Majesty, and Sir Richard Temple's, and given perfect satisfaction of his own respects to the House.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1664. By and by comes Dr. Burnett, who assures me that I have an ulcer either in the kidneys or bladder, for my water, which he saw yesterday, he is sure the sediment is not slime gathered by heat, but is a direct pusse. He did write me down some direction what to do for it, but not with the satisfaction I expected. Dr. Burnett's advice to mee. The Originall is fyled among my letters. "Take of ye Rootes of Marsh-Mallows foure ounces, of Cumfry, of Liquorish, of each two ounces, of ye Mowers of St. John's Wort two Handsfull, of ye Leaves of Plantan, of Alehoofe, of each three handfulls, of Selfeheale, of Red Roses, of each one Handfull, of Cynament, of Nutmegg, of each halfe an ounce. Beate them well, then powre upon them one Quart of old Rhenish wine, and about Six houres after strayne it and clarify it with ye white of an Egge, and with a sufficient quantity of sugar, boyle it to ye consistence of a Syrrup and reserve it for use. Dissolve one spoonefull of this Syrrup in every draught of Ale or beere you drink. Morning and evening swallow ye quantity of an hazle-nutt of Cyprus Terebintine. If you are bound or have a fit of ye Stone eate an ounce of Cassia new drawne, from ye poynt of a knife. Old Canary or Malaga wine you may drinke to three or 4 glasses, but noe new wine, and what wine you drinke, lett it bee at meales".1. I did give him a piece, with good hopes, however, that his advice will be of use to me, though it is strange that Mr. Hollyard (age 55) should never say one word of this ulcer in all his life to me. He being gone, I to the 'Change [Map], and thence home to dinner, and so to my office, busy till the evening, and then by agreement came Mr. Hill (age 34) and Andrews and one Cheswicke, a maister who plays very well upon the Spinette, and we sat singing Psalms till 9 at night, and so broke up with great pleasure, and very good company it is, and I hope I shall now and then have their company. They being gone, I to my office till towards twelve o'clock, and then home and to bed. Upon the 'Change [Map], this day, I saw how uncertain the temper of the people is, that, from our discharging of about 200 that lay idle, having nothing to do, upon some of our ships, which were ordered to be fitted for service, and their works are now done, the towne do talk that the King (age 34) discharges all his men, 200 yesterday and 800 to-day, and that now he hath got £100,000 in his hand, he values not a Dutch warr. But I undeceived a great many, telling them how it is.

Note 1. From a slip of paper inserted in the Diary at this place.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1665. Thence to Westminster, where I hear the sicknesse encreases greatly, and to the Harp and Ball with Mary talking, who tells me simply her losing of her first love in the country in Wales, and coming up hither unknown to her friends, and it seems Dr. Williams do pretend love to her, and I have found him there several times.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1665. Thence by coach and late at the office, and so to bed. Sad at the newes that seven or eight houses in Bazing Hall street, are shut up of the plague.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1665. At noon dined at home, and then to the Duke of Albemarle's (age 56), by appointment, to give him an account of some disorder in the Yarde at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map], by workmen's going away of their owne accord, for lacke of money, to get work of hay-making, or any thing else to earne themselves bread1.

Note 1. There are several letters among the State Papers from Commissioner Thomas Middleton relating to the want of workmen at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map] Dockyard. On June 29th Middleton wrote to Pepys, "The ropemakers have discharged themselves for want of money, and gone into the country to make hay". The blockmakers, the joiners, and the sawyers all refused to work longer without money ("Calendar", 1664-65, p. 453).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1666. Sunday. Up betimes, and to the office receiving letters, two or three one after another from Sir W. Coventry (age 38), and sent as many to him, being full of variety of business and hurry, but among the chiefest is the getting of these pressed men out of the City down the river to the fleete. While I was hard at it comes Sir W. Pen (age 45) to towne, which I little expected, having invited my Lady (age 42) and her daughter Pegg (age 15) to dine with me to-day; which at noon they did, and Sir W. Pen with them: and pretty merry we were. And though I do not love him, yet I find it necessary to keep in with him; his good service at Shearnesse [Map] in getting out the fleete being much taken notice of, and reported to the King (age 36) and Duke (age 32) [of York], even from the Prince (age 46) and Duke of Albemarle (age 57) themselves, and made the most of to me and them by Sir W. Coventry: therefore I think it discretion, great and necessary discretion, to keep in with him.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Jul 1668. Thence I set him down at the Temple [Map], and Commissioner Middleton dining the first time with me, he and I to White Hall, and so to St. James's, where we met; and much business with the Duke of York (age 34). And I find the Duke of York very hot for regulations in the Navy; and, I believe, is put on it by W. Coventry (age 40); and I am glad of it; and particularly, he falls heavy on Chatham-yard [Map], and is vexed that Lord Anglesey (age 53) did, the other day, complain at the Council-table of disorders in the Navy, and not to him. So I to White Hall to a Committee of Tangier; and there vexed, with the importunity and clamours of Alderman Backewell (age 50), for my acquittance for money supplied by him to the garrison, before I have any order for paying it: so home, calling at several places-among others, the 'Change [Map], and on Cooper (age 59), to know when my wife shall come to sit for her picture, which will be next week, and so home and to walk with my wife, and then to supper and to bed.

On 01 Jul 1690 Frederick Schomberg 1st Duke Schomberg (age 74) was killed at the Battle of the Boyne. He was buried at St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. His son Charles Schomberg 2nd Duke Schomberg (age 44) succeeded 2nd Duke Schomberg.

On 01 Jul 1690 the Battle of the Boyne was fought between the armies of Protestant King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 39) and Catholic King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 56).

The English army was commanded by Frederick Schomberg 1st Duke Schomberg (age 74).

The English or Protestant army included Colonel Albert Conyngham, Richard Lumley 1st Earl Scarborough (age 40), Osmund Mordaunt and Henry Sidney 1st Earl Romney (age 49).

For the Irish or Catholic army James Fitzjames 1st Duke Berwick (age 19) and Henry Hobart 4th Baronet (age 33) fought. Richard Hamilton was captured.

Drury Wray 9th Baronet (age 56) fought for James II for which he subsequently forfeit his lands.

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Jul 1700. The Duke of Gloucester (age 10), son of the Princess Anne of Denmark (age 35), died of the smallpox.

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Jul 1701. My Lord Treasurer (age 56) made my grandson (age 19) one of the Commissioners of the prizes, salary £500 per annum.

The London Gazette 19285. 01 Jul 1835. St James's Palace [Map]. The King (age 69) was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon Francis Chantrey (age 54), Esq. Member of the Royal Academy of Arts.

The London Gazette 25486. Whitehall, July 1, 1885. The Queen (age 66) has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, appointing the Right Honourable Orlando George Charles (age 66), Earl of Bradford, to be Master of the Horse to Her Majesty.

The London Gazette 27385. To be extra Aides-de-Camp to the Right Honourable G H., Earl Cadogan (age 61), K.G., Lieutenant-General and General Governor of Ireland. Dated 1st July, 1901:

Captain the Honourable A. W. de B. S. Foljambe (age 31), M.V.O., the Rifle Brigade (the Prince Consort's Own).

Captain J. C. Brinton, D.S.O., 2nd Life Guards.

Major C. Heseltine, 7th Battalion the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment).

On 01 Jul 1906 the Salisbury Railway Disaster resulted in the death of twenty-eight people including a number from America and Canada.

After 01 Jul 1906. Salisbury Cathedral [Map]. Tablet in memory of those who lost their lives in the Salisbury Railway Disaster.

On 01 Jul 1916 Lieutenant John Francis Cragg (age 28) was killed in action at the Battle of Fricourt.

On 01 Jul 1916 Lieutenant Geoffrey Evan Sanderson (age 27) was killed in action at Theipval leading his men in a charge.

On 01 Jul 1916 Captain John Macfarlane Charlton (age 21) was killed in action on his twenty-first birthday on the first day of the Battle of the Somme seven days after the death of his elder brother Lieutenant Hugh Vaughan Charlton.

Births on the 1st July

On 01 Jul 1336 Philip Duke Valois was born to King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France (age 42) and Joan "Lame" Burgundy Queen Consort France (age 43) at the Château de Vincennes. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.00%.

On 01 Jul 1482 Unamed Trastámara was born to Ferdinand II King Aragon (age 30) and Isabella Queen Castile (age 31). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.23%.

On 01 Jul 1534 Frederick II King Denmark was born to Christian III King Denmark (age 30) and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 23).

On 01 Jul 1564 Elizabeth Cecil was born to William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (age 43) and Mildred Cooke Baroness Burghley (age 38).

On or before 01 Jul 1662 Henry Wright 2nd Baronet was born to Henry Wright 1st Baronet (age 25) and Ann Crew Lady Wright. He was baptised on 01 Jul 1662 at the St Giles' in the Fields Church [Map].

On 01 Jul 1667 Francis Greville was born to Fulke Greville 5th Baron Brooke (age 24) and Sarah Dashwood Baroness Brooke (age 21).

On or before 01 Jul 1675 Rowland Winn 3rd Baronet was born to Edmund Winn 2nd Baronet (age 31). He was baptised 01 Jul 1675 at All Saints Church, Wragby [Map].

On or before 01 Jul 1697 Anna Maria Barnardiston Lady Shaw was born to Thomas Barnardiston 3rd Baronet (age 23).

On 01 Jul 1731 Adam Duncan 1st Viscount Duncan was born.

On 01 Jul 1750 Henry William Bunbury was born to William Bunbury 5th Baronet (age 40).

On 01 Jul 1784 Paul Thompson 1st Baron Wenlock was born to Robert Lawley 5th Baronet (age 48) and Jane Thompson (age 41).

On 01 Jul 1790 John Vereker 3rd Viscount Gort was born to Charles Vereker 2nd Viscount Gort (age 22) and Jane Westropp.

On 01 Jul 1790 Joseph Thaddeus Dormer 11th Baron Dormer was born to John Dormer (age 60).

On 01 Jul 1802 Susan Sherard was born to Philip Sherard 5th Earl Harborough (age 35).

On 01 Jul 1821 Daniel Cooper 1st Baronet was born.

On 01 Jul 1843 Henry Gore-Booth 5th Baronet was born to Robert Gore-Booth 4th Baronet (age 37).

On 01 Jul 1843 Mary Enid Evelyn Guest was born to John Josiah Guest 1st Baronet (age 58) and Charlotte Elizabeth Bertie (age 31).

On 01 Jul 1879 Walter Alexander Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis was born to Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis 20th Baron Clinton (age 45) and Margaret Walrond Baroness Clinton (age 29).

On 01 Jul 1888 Robert Henry Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis was born to Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis 20th Baron Clinton (age 54) and Margaret Walrond Baroness Clinton (age 38).

On 01 Jul 1895 Captain John Macfarlane Charlton was born to John Charlton (age 46) and Kate Vaughan.

On 01 Jul 1915 Philip Lever 3rd Viscount Leverhulme was born to William Lever 2nd Viscount Leverhulme (age 27).

Marriages on the 1st July

Before 01 Jul 1175 Reginald de Dunstanville Fitzroy 1st Earl Cornwall (age 65) and Mabel Fitzrichard were married. He the illegitmate son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England and Sybilla Corbet.

On 01 Jul 1276 Hugh Lusignan XIII Count Lusignan VIII Count La Marche IV Count Angoulême (age 17) and Beatrice Burgundy Countess Lusignan, La Marche and Angoulême (age 16) were married. She by marriage Countess Lusignan, Countess La Marche, Countess Angoulême. She the daughter of Hugh IV Duke Burgundy. He the son of Hugh Lusignan XII Count Lusignan VII Count La Marche III Count Angoulême and Jeanne Fougères Countess Lusignan Countess La Marche and Angoulême. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England.

On 01 Jul 1347 Reginald III Duke Guelders (age 14) and Marie of Brabant Duchess of Guelders (age 22) were married. She the daughter of John Brabant III Duke Brabant (age 47) and Marie Évreux Duchess of Brabant. He the son of Reginald "Black" II Duke Guelders and Eleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet (age 29). They were second cousins. He a grandson of King Edward II of England. She a great granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

Before 01 Jul 1428 Thomas Hoo 1st Baron Hoo and Hastings (age 32) and Elizabeth Wychingham (age 18) were married.

Before 01 Jul 1592 Alexander Seton 1st Earl Dunfermline (age 37) and Lillas Drummond were married.

On 01 Jul 1608 Thomas Arundell 1st Baron Arundel (age 48) and Anne Philipson Baroness Arundel Wardour were married. She by marriage Baroness Arundel of Wardour in Wiltshire.

On 01 Jul 1625 Edward Montagu 2nd Earl Manchester (age 23) and Anne Rich Viscountess Mandeville (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Robert Rich 2nd Earl Warwick (age 38) and Frances Hatton Countess Warwick. He the son of Henry Montagu 1st Earl Manchester (age 62) and Catherine Spencer.

On 01 Jul 1678 Richard Maitland 4th Earl Lauderdale (age 25) and Anne Campbell were married. She the daughter of Archibald Campbell 9th Earl Argyll (age 49) and Mary Stewart Countess Argyll. He the son of Charles Maitland 3rd Earl Lauderdale.

Before 01 Jul 1718 Thomas Tipping 1st Baronet (age 65) and Anne Cheke were married.

Before 01 Jul 1726 Robert Chaplin 1st Baronet (age 56) and Anne Harrington were married.

On 01 Jul 1745 John Hynde Cotton 4th Baronet (age 28) and Anne Parsons Lady Cotton (age 20) were married.

Before 01 Jul 1809 Francis Russell 7th Duke Bedford (age 21) and Anna Maria Stanhope Duchess Bedford (age 25) were married. She the daughter of Charles Stanhope 3rd Earl of Harrington (age 56) and Jane Fleming Countess Harrington (age 54). He the son of John Russell 6th Duke Bedford (age 42) and Georgiana Elizabeth Byng. They were half fourth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 01 Jul 1889 Lewis Vernon-Harcourt 1st Viscount Harcourt (age 26) and Mary Burns Viscountess Harcourt (age 14) were married at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map].

On 01 Jul 1924 Francis Savile Crossley 2nd Baron Somerleyton (age 35) and Bridget Hoare Baroness Somerleyton (age 25) were married.

On 01 Jul 1933 Robert Grosvenor 5th Baron Ebury (age 19) and Anne Acland-Troyte (age 21) were married.

On 01 Jul 1948 Gerald Legge 9th Earl of Dartmouth (age 24) and Raine Mccorquodale Countess Dartmouth and Spencer (age 18) were married. He the son of Humphry Legge 8th Earl Dartmouth (age 60).

Deaths on the 1st July

On 01 Jul 1175 Reginald de Dunstanville Fitzroy 1st Earl Cornwall (age 65) died at Chertsey, Surrey. He was buried at Reading Abbey, Berkshire [Map]. Earl Cornwall extinct. His son appears to have predeceaseed him by months.

On 01 Jul 1322 John Somery 4th Baron Dudley (age 43) died. His son doesn't appear to have been summoned to Parliament so Baron Dudley of Somery extinct.

On 01 Jul 1364 King John "The Good" II of France was informed that his son had escaped from his captivity. John announced he would return to England as a matter of honour. He left around Dec 1363 arriving in London to parades and feasts.

On 08 Apr 1364 King John "The Good" II of France died at Savoy Palace [Map]. His son King Charles V of France (age 25) succeeded V King France: Capet Valois.

On 01 Jul 1421 Avice Cromwell Baroness Bardolf (age 51) died at Tattershall [Map].

On 01 Jul 1591 William Douglas 9th Earl Angus (age 58) died at Glenbervie. His son William Douglas 10th Earl Angus (age 39) succeeded 10th Earl Angus.

On 01 Jul 1638 Edward Mosley (age 68) died unmarried. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Rolleston on Dove [Map]. In his will, dated 16 Decermber 1637, he made generous charitable bequests in both Rolleston and London. His entire estate, worth over £3,000 a year, was inherited by his nephew, Edward Mosley (age 22).

Monument to Edward Mosley at St Mary's Church, Rolleston on Dove [Map]. He dressed in judges robes. Corinthian Columns. Stuart Period.

After 01 Jul 1656 William Masham 1st Baronet (deceased) died. His grandson William Masham 2nd Baronet succeeded 2nd Baronet Masham of Long Ashton.

On 01 Jul 1670 Sarah Rayney Lady North died.

After 01 Jul 1689 Anne Lindsay Duchess Rothes died.

On 01 Jul 1690 Frederick Schomberg 1st Duke Schomberg (age 74) was killed at the Battle of the Boyne. He was buried at St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. His son Charles Schomberg 2nd Duke Schomberg (age 44) succeeded 2nd Duke Schomberg.

On 01 Jul 1697 John Noel 4th Baronet (age 29) died. His son Clobery Noel 5th Baronet (age 2) succeeded 5th Baronet Noel.

On 01 Jul 1718 Thomas Tipping 1st Baronet (age 65) died in debt in prison in Southwark, Surrey [Map]. His son Thomas Tipping 2nd Baronet (age 18) succeeded 2nd Baronet Tipping of Wheatfield in Oxfordshire.

On 01 Jul 1729 John Every 4th Baronet died without issue. His brother Reverend Simon Every 5th Baronet (age 74) succeeded 5th Baronet Every of Egginton in Derbyshire.

On 01 Jul 1735 Jean Ranc (age 61) died.

On 01 Jul 1757 Elizabeth Wilmot Countess Sandwich (age 82) died.

On 01 Jul 1767 Benet Garrard 6th Baronet (age 63) died. Baronet Garrard of Lamer extinct.

On 01 Jul 1774 Henry Fox 1st Baron Holland (age 68) died. His son Stephen Fox 2nd Baron Holland (age 29) succeeded 2nd Baron Holland of Foxley in Wiltshire.

On 01 Jul 1777 John Glynne 6th Baronet (age 65) died. His son Stephen Glynne 7th Baronet (age 33) succeeded 7th Baronet Glynne of Bicester aka Bisseter in Oxfordshire.

On 01 Jul 1784 Patrick Blake 1st Baronet (age 42) died. His son Patrick Blake 2nd Baronet (age 16) succeeded 2nd Baronet Blake of Langham in Suffolk.

On 01 Jul 1788 Major-General Thomas Twisleton 7th or 13th Baron Saye and Sele (age 53) died. His son Gregory Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes 8th or 14th Baron Saye and Sele (age 19) succeeded 8th or 14th Baron Saye and Sele.

On 01 Jul 1831 Archibald Cochrane 9th Earl of Dundonald (age 83) died. His son Thomas Cochrane 10th Earl Dundonald (age 55) succeeded 9th Earl Dundonald.

On 01 Jul 1845 Charles Ellis 1st Baron Seaford (age 73) died. His son Charles Ellis 6th Baron Howard de Walden 2nd Baron Seaford (age 46) succeeded 2nd Baron Seaford of Seaford in Sussex.

On 01 Jul 1850 Samuel Joseph (age 59) died.

On 01 Jul 1868 Henry Thompson 3rd Baronet (age 71) died without male issue. Baronet Virkees extinct.

On 01 Jul 1904 George Frederick Watts (age 87) died.

On 01 Jul 1906 Wilfrid Lawson 2nd Baronet (age 76) died at 18 Ovington Square, Knightsbridge. His funeral was held at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map] amidst a large gathering of members of Parliament, family members, personal friends, and representatives of public bodies. He was buried at St Kentigern's Church, Aspatria. His son Wilfrid Lawson 3rd Baronet (age 43) succeeded 3rd Baronet Lawson of Brayton House in Cumberland. Mary Camilla Macan Lady Lawson (age 41) by marriage Lady Lawson of Brayton House in Cumberland.

On 01 Jul 1919 John Brunner 1st Baronet (age 77) died. His son John Brunner 2nd Baronet (age 54) succeeded 2nd Baronet Brunner of Druids Cross in Lancashire.

On 01 Jul 1928 Alfred Wyatt-Edgell 5th Baron Braye (age 78) died. His son Adrian Verney Verney-Cave 6th Baron Braye (age 53) succeeded 6th Baron Braye