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On this Day in History ... 1st March

01 Mar is in March.

1554 Wyatt's Rebellion Executions

1666 Great Plague of London

1694 Turkish Fleet Disaster

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 1st March

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 1st of March [1358], the Earl of Ulster, Lionel (age 19), afterwards Duke of Clarence, son of Edward III., takes supper with the Queen (age 63). It will be remembered that Lionel's daughter, Philippa (age 2), subsequently brought a claim to the English crown into the family of the Mortimers, by her marriage with Edmund Earl of March (age 6).

Patent Rolls Richard II 1381 1385. 01 Mar 1382. Coinmission to Robert Tresilian, Robert Bealknap, William Skipwyth, Nicholas Brembre, William Gunthorp, Adapı de Bury and William Spaigné to examine the record and process and correct any error therein, or in the judgment rendered, in the suit before the mayor of Cales between William de Montagu (age 53), Earl of Salisbury, proctor and attorney of John Buterleigh and Alesia his wife, executrix of the will of William Teynturer the younger, late citizen of Salisbury, William Warmwell and William Loerde, her co-executors, and one William Gilbert called Salesbury,' touching a debt of 3291. which the earl demanded from the said Gilbert, and to do justice therein according to the law and custom obtaining in Cales.

On 01 Mar 1456 Vladislaus II King Hungary was born to Casimir IV King Poland (age 28) and Elisabeth Habsburg Queen Consort Poland (age 18).

On 01 Mar 1528 Henry VIII (age 36) sold the wardship of Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 8) to Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 44) who subsequently married her.

Letters and Papers 1533. 01 Mar 1533. R. O. 197. Trial Of The Pix.

Assay of silver made in the Star Chamber at Westminster, 1 March 24 Hen. VIII., in presence of Sir Thomas Audeley, chancellor, Thos. duke of Norfolk (age 60), treasurer of England, Thos. earl of Wiltshire (age 56), keeper of the Privy Seal, John lord Huse, Sir John Fitzjames, chief justice of the King's Bench, Sir Ric. Lyster, chief baron of the Exchequer, Sir Ant. Fitzherbert, justice of the Common Pleas, Sir Ric. Weston, sub-treasurer of the Exchequer, Sir Ric. Sacheverell, and Sir John Daunce. On opening the pix there were found 30 "sinchiæ," containing £28 5s. 7d. in silver groats, half-groats, pence, halfpence, and farthings, taken out of 40,405 lbs. 1 oz. of silver weight coined and delivered out of the Exchange in the Tower of London since 20 May 22 Hen. VIII., in the time of John Copynger, keeper of the Exchange aforesaid, and William Blount lord Mountjoy, master of the Mint. Lat., p. 1.

On 01 Mar 1554 Anthony Knyvet (age 37) was executed.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1558. The (blank) day of Marche the qwyn('s) (age 42) grace['s pensioners] mustered in Hyd-parke [Map], and all ther men in gren [cloth and] whytt; and ther my lord of Rutland (age 31) toke the [muster of] them.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1560. The furst day of Marche was a proclamasyon by the quen('s) (age 26) grace and the consell that no man nor woman, nor they that kepys tabulles, shuld ett no flese in lentt nor odur tyme in the yere that ys commondyd by the chyrche, nor no bucher kyll no flese, but that they should pay a grett fyne, or elles vj ours [2 hours] on the pelere, and in-presoment x [10] days.... and after taken downe and cared .... knyght marshall('s) servandes unto the nuw pet .... Cornhylle and ther a serten tyme.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1562. The sam day dyd pryche at Powlles the byshope of Bayth and Welles, master Bartelett (age 61).

Henry Machyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1562. The furst day of Marche, the wyche was the iij sonday (in Lent,) dyd pryche at after-none at the cowrte a-for the quen (age 28) master Allen (age 52) the byshope of Exsetur.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Mar 1660. In the morning went to my Lord's lodgings, thinking to have spoke with Mr. Sheply, having not been to visit him since my coming to town. But he being not within I went up, and out of the box where my Lord's pamphlets lay, I chose as many as I had a mind to have for my own use and left the rest. Then to my office, where little to do, abut Mr. Sheply comes to me, so at dinner time he and I went to Mr. Crew's (age 62), whither Mr. Thomas was newly come to town, being sent with Sir H. Yelverton (age 26), a my old school-fellow at Paul's School, to bring the thanks of the county to General Monk (age 51) for the return of the Parliament. But old Mr. Crew and my Lord not coming home to dinner, we tarried late before we went to dinner, it being the day that John, Mr. John Crew's coachman, was to be buried in the afternoon, he being a day or two before killed with a blow of one of his horses that struck his skull into his brain. From thence Mr. Sheply and I went into London to Mr. Laxton's; my Lord's apothecary, and so by water to Westminster, where at the Sun he and I spent two or three hours in a pint or two of wine, discoursing of matters in the country, among other things telling me that my uncle did to him make a very kind mention of me, and what he would do for me. Thence I went home, and went to bed betimes. This day the Parliament did vote that they would not sit longer than the 15th day of this month.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Mar 1663. Lord's Day. Up and walked to White Hall, to the Chappell, where preached one Dr. Lewes, said heretofore to have been a great witt; but he read his sermon every word, and that so brokenly and so low, that nobody could hear at any distance, nor I anything worth hearing that sat near. But, which was strange, he forgot to make any prayer before sermon, which all wonder at, but they impute it to his forgetfulness. After sermon a very fine anthem; so I up into the house among the courtiers, seeing the fine ladies, and, above all, my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 22), who is above all, that only she I can observe for true beauty. The King (age 32) and Queen (age 24) being set to dinner I went to Mr. Fox's (age 35), and there dined with him. Much genteel company, and, among other things, I hear for certain that peace is concluded between the King of France and the Pope; and also I heard the reasons given by our Parliament yesterday to the King why they dissent from him in matter of Indulgence, which are very good quite through, and which I was glad to hear.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Mar 1663. Thence to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who continues with a great cold, locked up; and, being alone, we fell into discourse of my uncle the Captain's death and estate, and I took the opportunity of telling my Lord how matters stand, and read his will, and told him all, what a poor estate he hath left, at all which he wonders strangely, which he may well do.

On 01 Mar 1666 Talbot Pepys (age 83) died of plague.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Mar 1666. Up, and to the office and there all the morning sitting and at noon to dinner with my Lord Bruncker (age 46), Sir W. Batten (age 65) and Sir W. Pen (age 44) at the White Horse in Lombard Street [Map], where, God forgive us! good sport with Captain Cocke's (age 49) having his mayde sicke of the plague a day or two ago and sent to the pest house, where she now is, but he will not say anything but that she is well.

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1669. Dined at Lord Arlington's (age 51) at Goring House [Map], with the Bishop of Hereford (age 66).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 01 Mar 1669. Up, and to White Hall to the Committee of Tangier, but it did not meet. But here I do hear first that my Lady Paulina Montagu (deceased) did die yesterday; at which I went to my Lord's lodgings, but he is shut up with sorrow, and so not to be spoken with: and therefore I returned, and to Westminster Hall [Map], where I have not been, I think, in some months. And here the Hall was very full, the King (age 38) having, by Commission to some Lords this day, prorogued the Parliament till the 19th of October next: at which I am glad, hoping to have time to go over to France this year. But I was most of all surprised this morning by my Lord Bellassis (age 54), who, by appointment, met me at Auditor Wood's, at the Temple [Map], and tells me of a duell designed between the Duke of Buckingham (age 41) and my Lord Halifax (age 35), or Sir W. Coventry (age 41); the challenge being carried by Harry Saville (age 27), but prevented by my Lord Arlington (age 51), and the King told of it; and this was all the discourse at Court this day. But I, meeting Sir W. Coventry in the Duke of York's (age 35) chamber, he would not own it to me, but told me that he was a man of too much peace to meddle with fighting, and so it rested: but the talk is full in the town of the business.

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1671. His Majesty's (age 40) Surveyor, Mr. Wren (age 47), faithfully promised me to employ him. I having also bespoke his Majesty for his work at Windsor Castle [Map], which my friend, Mr. May (age 49), the architect there, was going to alter, and repair universally; for, on the next day, I had a fair opportunity of talking to his Majesty about it, in the lobby next the Queen's (age 32) side, where I presented him with some sheets of my history. I thence walked with him through St James' Park [Map] to the garden, where I both saw and heard a very familiar discourse between ... and Mrs. Nelly (age 21), as they called an impudent comedian, she looking out of her garden on a terrace at the top of the wall, and ... [Note. the elipsis here is John Evelyn being coy about the King's conversation with Nell Gwyn.] standing on the green walk under it. I was heartily sorry at this scene. Thence the King walked to the Duchess of Cleveland (age 30), another lady of pleasure, and curse of our nation.

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1671. I caused Mr. Gibbon (age 22) to bring to Whitehall [Map] his excellent piece of carving, where being come, I advertised his Majesty (age 40), who asked me where it was; I told him in Sir Richard Browne's (age 66) (my father-in-law) chamber, and that if it pleased his Majesty to appoint whither it should be brought, being large and though of wood, heavy, I would take care for it. "No", says the King, "show me the way, I'll go to Sir Richard's chamber", which he immediately did, walking along the entries after me; as far as the ewry, till he came up into the room, where I also lay. No sooner was he entered and cast his eyes on the work, but he was astonished at the curiosity of it; and having considered it a long time, and discoursed with Mr. Gibbon, whom I brought to kiss his hand, he commanded it should be immediately carried to the Queen's (age 32) side to show her. It was carried up into her bedchamber, where she and the King looked on and admired it again; the King, being called away, left us with the Queen, believing she would have bought it, it being a crucifix; but, when his Majesty was gone, a French peddling woman, one Madame de Boord, who used to bring petticoats and fans, and baubles, out of France to the ladies, began to find fault with several things in the work, which she understood no more than an ass, or a monkey, so as in a kind of indignation, I caused the person who brought it to carry it back to the chamber, finding the Queen so much governed by an ignorant Frenchwoman, and this incomparable artist had his labor only for his pains, which not a little displeased me; and he was fain to send it down to his cottage again; he not long after sold it for £80, though well worth £100, without the frame, to Sir George Viner (age 32).

John Evelyn's Diary. 01 Mar 1686. Came Sir Gilbert Gerrard to treate with me about his sonn's marrying my daughter Susanna (age 17). The father being obnoxious, and in some suspicion and displeasure of the King (age 52), I would receive no proposal till his Ma* had given me leave, wch he was pleas'd to do; but after severall meetings we brake off on his not being willing to secure any thing competent for my daughter's children; besides that I found most of his estate was in ye coal pits as far off as Newcastle, and on leases from the Bishop of Durham, who had power to make concurrent leases, with other difficulties.

Calendar of the State Papers of William and Mary 1693 March. 01 Mar 1693. Whitehall. The Earl of Nottingham to the Commissioners of the Treasury. The Earl of Derby (age 38) has represented to the King the great want of all sorts of coin in the Isle of Man, whereby the trade thereof is wholly lost, to the great prejudice of his lordship as well as the inhabitants; and the Karl designing to set up a linen manufactory there, which may be very advantageous to England, and which cannot be carried on without "such a current cash as may be sufficient to pay the workmen for their labour," has prayed that he may have leave to coin "abase metal not exceeding the value of 10,000l.," for the support of the island and of the linen manufactory, which moneys so coined should be current only in the Isle of Man. The King is willing to gratify the Earl of Derby and promote the welfare of that island, and has commanded me to acquaint you with this matter, that you may report your opinion thereon. [H.O. Letter Book (Secretary's) 2, p. 624.]

On 01 Mar 1694 the Turkish Fleet was lost in a severe storm off Gibralter. Sussex sank with the loss of five hundred men.

On 01 Mar 1705 Bishop James Gardiner (age 68) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

On 01 Mar 1741 Elizabeth Oates died. Memorial at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

Elizabeth Oates: she was born to Richard Oates of Pontefract. Before 02 Jan 1726 William Yorke of Lessingham and she were married.

On 01 Mar 1752 Allan Ramsay (age 38) and Margaret Lindsay (age 26) at Canongate Kirk without the approval of her parents having eloped together. Her father never forgave her for marrying an artist.

On 01 Mar 1805 Reverend Augustus Fitzclarence was born illegitimately to King William IV of the United Kingdom (age 39) and Dorothea Bland aka "Mrs Jordan" (age 43).

On 12 Jan 1884 Robert Nicholas Hamond (age 74) died. On 01 Mar 1893 his wife Sophia Caroline Musters (age 71) died.

On 13 Dec 1869 Anthony Hamond (age 65) died. On 31 Jan 1900 his wife Mary Anne Musters (age 63) died.

On 30 Mar 1895 Anthony Hamond (age 61) died.

Memorials in All Saints Church, West Acre [Map].

01 Mar 1915. Memorial at St Columb's Church, St Columb to Walter Drummond Vyvyan, killed on the 1st March 1915. His parents were Richard Walter Comyn Vyvyan and Mary (née Foster). Walter was educated at Clifton College, Bedford Grammar School and RMC Sandhurst from where he was gazetted, in May 1907, to the King's Shropshire Light Infantry. Initially joining the 1st Battalion at Bordon, he was sent to the 2nd Battalion in India in September 1909, being promoted to Lieutenant in March 1910. After returning to England in November 1914, he was sent to France in December and, while his battalion was at Winchester preparing for front-line service, Walter was attached to the Army Cyclists of the 27th Division where he was to command a platoon of bombers. On the night of 1 March 1915, Walter was with his men at the head of an attack made by another battalion on German trenches near St Eloi (just south of Ypres) when he was killed by machine-gun fire. Owing to this fire it proved impossible to recover his body. For this action, Lt. Vyvyan was mentioned in the Dispatches of Sir John French of 31 May 1915 (with the action receiving a mention in the dispatch of 5 April).

Births on the 1st March

On 01 Mar 1261 Hugh "Elder" Despencer 1st Earl Winchester was born to Hugh Despencer (age 37) and Aline Basset (age 40).

On 01 Mar 1456 Vladislaus II King Hungary was born to Casimir IV King Poland (age 28) and Elisabeth Habsburg Queen Consort Poland (age 18).

On 01 Mar 1577 Richard Weston 1st Earl of Portland was born to Jerome Weston (age 21).

On 01 Mar 1577 Frances Waldegrave Countess Portland was born to Nicholas Waldegrave (age 23).

In 1622 John Button 4th Baronet was born to William Button 1st Baronet (age 38) and Ruth Dunch.

On 01 Mar 1657 Johann Philip Saxe Gotha was born to Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha (age 55) and Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha (age 37) at Gotha. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.17%.

On 01 Mar 1682 John Evelyn 1st Baronet was born to John The Younger Evelyn (age 27) and Martha Spencer (age 23) at Sayes Court, Deptford [Map]. He was baptised on 02 Mar 1682.

On 01 Mar 1716 Mary Finch was born to Heneage Finch 2nd Earl Aylesford (age 33) and Mary Fisher Countess Aylesford (age 26).

On 01 Mar 1748 James Scott was born to Francis Scott (age 27) and Caroline Campbell 1st Baroness Greenwich (age 30). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 01 Mar 1753 Alleyne Fitzherbert 1st Baron St Helens was born to William Fitzherbert (age 41).

On 01 Mar 1785 Edward Bowyer-Smijth 10th Baronet was born to William Smijth 7th Baronet (age 39).

On 01 Mar 1805 Reverend Augustus Fitzclarence was born illegitimately to King William IV of the United Kingdom (age 39) and Dorothea Bland aka "Mrs Jordan" (age 43).

On 01 Mar 1811 George Beresford 2nd Baronet was born to Admiral John Beresford 1st Baronet (age 45) and Mary Molloy.

On 01 Mar 1855 Adolfo Polloni was born.

On 01 Mar 1859 Captain John Ralph Starkey 1st Baronet was born.

On 01 Mar 1887 Maurice Fitzgerald 6th Duke Leinster was born to Gerald Fitzgerald 5th Duke Leinster (age 35) and Hermione Wilhelmina Duncombe Duchess Leinster (age 22) at Kilkea Castle, Castledermot, County Kildare.

On 01 Mar 1890 Thomas Palk Carew 10th Baronet was born to Henry Palk Carew 9th Baronet (age 20).

On 01 Mar 1891 Rachel Mary Holland was born to Sydney Holland 2nd Viscount Knutsford (age 35) and Mary Ashburnham Viscountess Knutsford (age 31).

On 01 Mar 1899 Oliver Baldwin 2nd Earl Baldwin of Bewdley was born to Stanley Baldwin 1st Earl Baldwin (age 31) and Lucy Ridsdale Countess Baldwin (age 29).

On 01 Mar 1926 Hugo Money-Coutts 8th Baron Latymer was born to Thomas Burdett Money-Coutts 7th Baron Latymer (age 24).

Marriages on the 1st March

Before 01 Mar 1312 John Grey 1st Baron Grey (age 11) and Catherine Fitzalan Baroness Grey Rotherfield (age 12) were married. She by marriage Baroness Grey of Rotherfield. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Before 01 Mar 1350 Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford (age 14) and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 16) were married. She the daughter of Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 37) and Katherine Mortimer Countess Warwick (age 36). He the son of Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 48) and Margaret Audley Countess Stafford. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.

On 01 Mar 1555 Adrian Stokes (age 35) and Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk (age 37) were married. They had three children, two of which were stillborn, one of which died in their first year. She the daughter of Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France. She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

On 01 Mar 1588 Henri Valois I Duke Longueville (age 20) and Catherine Gonzaga Duchess Longueville (age 20) were married. She by marriage Duchess Longueville. He the son of Léonor Valois I Duke Longueville and Marie Bourbon (age 49).

On 01 Mar 1613 William Russell 1st Baronet (age 38) and Elizabeth Smallpage (age 13) were married. The difference in their ages was 25 years.

On 01 Mar 1613 William Russell 1st Baronet (age 38) and Elizabeth Gerard were married.

On 01 Mar 1678 John Aubrey 2nd Baronet (age 28) and Margaret Lowther Lady Aubrey were married.

Before 01 Mar 1756 Edward Blackett 3rd Baronet (age 73) and Mary Jekyll were married. She by marriage Lady Blackett of Newcastle in Northumberland.

On 01 Mar 1766 John Montagu 5th Earl Sandwich (age 22) and Elizabeth Montague-Dunk were married. She the daughter of George Montagu Dunk 2nd Earl Halifax (age 49). He the son of John Montagu 4th Earl Sandwich (age 47) and Dorothy Fane Countess Sandwich (age 48).

On 01 Mar 1794 Armar Lowry-Corry 1st Earl Belmore (age 53) and Mary Anne Caldwell Countess Belmore (age 38) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Belmore of Fermanagh.

On 01 Mar 1841 Henry Tate 1st Baronet (age 21) and Jane Wignall were married.

On 01 Mar 1859 Warren Hastings D'Oyly 10th Baronet (age 20) and Henrietta Mary Halliday Lady D'Oyly (age 22) were married.

On 01 Mar 1879 William Henry Paulett 6th Earl Paulett (age 51) and Rosa Melville Countess Poulett were married. She by marriage Countess Poulett.

On 01 Mar 1934 Rupert Baring 4th Baron Revelstoke (age 23) and Flora Breckinridge Fermor-Hesketh (age 21) were married.

Deaths on the 1st March

On 01 Mar 1233 Thomas Savoy I Count Savoy (age 55) died. His son Amedeo Savoy IV Count Savoy (age 36) succeeded IV Count Savoy.

On 01 Mar 1305 Blanche Capet Duchess Austria (age 27) died.

On 01 Mar 1414 Viridis Visconti Duchess Austria (age 62) died.

On 01 Mar 1534 Henry Brandon (age 11) died at Southwark, Surrey [Map]. Earl Lincoln extinct.

On 01 Mar 1627 John Wynn 1st Baronet (age 74) died. His son Richard Wynn 2nd Baronet (age 39) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wynn of Gwydir.

On or before 01 Mar 1628 Joan Brograve Lady Leventhorpe died. She was buried at Great St Mary's Church, Sawbridgeworth on 01 Mar 1628.

On 01 Mar 1680 John Shaw 1st Baronet (age 65) died. He was buried on 06 Mar 1721 at the Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham on 06 Mar 1680. His son John Shaw 2nd Baronet (age 20) succeeded 2nd Baronet Shaw of Eltham in Kent.

On 01 Mar 1682 Thomas Herbert 1st Baronet (age 76) died. He was buried at St Crux Church, York. His son Henry Herbert 2nd Baronet (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baronet Herbert of Tintern in Monmouthshire.

On 01 Mar 1688 Thomas Slingsby 2nd Baronet (age 51) died. His son Henry Slingsby 3rd Baronet (age 28) succeeded 3rd Baronet Slingsby Scriven.

On 01 Mar 1693 Anne Reade Baroness Burford died.

On or before 01 Mar 1694, the date she was buried, Mary Aldridge Lady Slingsby died.

On 01 Mar 1705 Bishop James Gardiner (age 68) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

On 01 Mar 1707 Robert King 1st Baronet (age 82) died. His son John King 2nd Baronet (age 26) succeeded 2nd Baronet King of Boyle Abbot.

On 01 Mar 1756 Edward Blackett 3rd Baronet (age 73) died without issue. His nephew Edward Blackett 4th Baronet (age 36) succeeded 4th Baronet Blackett of Newcastle in Northumberland.

On 01 Mar 1778 John Elwill 4th Baronet died without male issue. Baronet Elwill of Exeter extinct.

On 01 Mar 1865 John Horsley Beresford 2nd Baron Decies (age 91) died. His son William Horsley-Beresford 3rd Baron Decies (age 53) succeeded 3rd Baron Decies of Decies in Waterford. Catherine Anne Dent Baroness Decies (age 25) by marriage Baroness Decies of Decies in Waterford.

On 01 Mar 1868 George Byron 7th Baron Byron (age 78) died. His son George Byron 8th Baron Byron (age 49) succeeded 8th Baron Byron of Rochdale in Lancashire.

On 01 Mar 1930 Giuseppe Calì (age 83) died.

On 01 Mar 1973 George Poulett 8th Earl Poulett (age 63) died. Earl Poulett and Baron Poulett extinct.