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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
03 Apr is in April.
Events on the 3rd April
On 3rd April 1043 King Edward "The Confessor" of England (age 40) was crowned King of England at Winchester Cathedral [Map] by Archbishop Eadsige.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 3rd April 1043. This year was Edward (age 40) consecrated king at Winchester [Map], early on Easter-day, with much pomp. Then was Easter on the third day before the nones of April. Archbishop Edsy consecrated him, and before all people well admonished him. And Stigand the priest was consecrated bishop over the East Angles. And this year, fourteen nights before the mass of St. Andrew, it was advised the king, that he and Earl Leofric and Earl Godwin (age 42) and Earl Siward (age 33) with their retinue, should ride from Gloucester to Winchester unawares upon the lady (age 58); and they deprived her of all the treasures that she had; which were immense; because she was formerly very hard upon the king her son, and did less for him than he wished before he was king, and also since: but they suffered her to remain there afterwards. And soon after this the king determined to invest all the land that his mother had in her hands, and took from her all that she had in gold and in silver and in numberless things; because she formerly held it too fast against him. Soon after this Stigand was deprived of his bishopric; and they took all that he had into their hands for the king, because he was highest the counsel of his mother; and she acted as he advised, as men supposed.
On 3rd April 1327 Thomas Berkeley 8th and 3rd Baron Berkeley (age 31) and John Maltravers 1st Baron Maltravers (age 37) were made keepers of King Edward II of England (age 42).
On 3rd April 1367 the forces of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile (age 32) commanded by Edward "Black Prince" (age 36) defeated the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile (age 33) at the Battle of Nájera at Nájera [Map]. The English forces included John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 27), William Scrope, Peter Courtenay (age 21), John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux (age 30), John Savile of Shelley and Golcar (age 42), Bernard Brocas (age 37) and Thomas Banastre (age 33).
The forces of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile included Bertrand Geusclin (age 47). The battle achieved little since Bertrand Geusclin escaped.
John Ferrers 4th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 36) was killed. His son Robert (age 9) succeeded 5th Baron Ferrers of Chartley. Margaret Despencer Baroness Ferrers of Chartley by marriage Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.
Edward "Black Prince" thereafter returned home, taking Peter's daughters Constance (age 13) and Isabella (age 12) as hostages to ensure Peter would pay the money owed to Edward. Constance married John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster, Isabella married Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York (age 25).
On 3rd April 1403 King Henry IV of England (age 35) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 33) were married by proxy at Eltham Palace, Kent [Map] with Antoine de Riczi representing Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England.
On 3rd April 1461 Anne Valois Duchess Bourbon was born to King Louis XI of France (age 37) and Queen Charlotte of Savoy (age 19). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.65%.
On 3rd April 1461 Thomas Courtenay 6th or 14th Earl Devon (age 29) was beheaded at York [Map] following his capture at the Battle of Towton. he was attainted; Earl Devon forfeit.
Chronicle of Gregory. 3rd April 1461. The Erle of Devynschyre (age 29) was seke, and might not voyde a waye, and was take and be heddyd. And the Erle of Wylte schyre (age 40) was take and brought unto Newe Castell [Map] to the King. And there his hedde was smete of, and send unto London to be sette uppon London Brygge [Map]. And Docter Morton (age 41), the Prynces chaunceler, was take with him and put in the Towre, but he schapyd a way long tyme aftyr, and is by yonde the see with the Quene, &c.
Diary of Edward VI. 3rd April 1550. Nicholas Ridley (age 50), befor of Rochester, made bishop of London, and received his othe.1
Thomas Thirlby (age 44), befor of Whestmuster2, made bishop of Norwich, and received his othe.
Note 1. "Item the xijth day of Aprill, he that was byshoppe of Rochester, Nicolas Rydley, was stallyd [bishop of London] by one of the byshoppe of Ely('s) chaplynes." (Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, where several curious notices will be found of the changes which the new bishop soon made in his church and diocese.) The letters patent of Ridley's translation are printed by Rymer, xv. 222.
Note 2. Dr. Thirlby's resignation of the bishopric of "Westminster, dated 80th March, is printed in Rymer, xv. 219, from the Close roU, 4 Edw. VT. p. 1, m. 11; and at p. 221 are letters patent dated 1 April, translating him to the bishopric of Norwich, which was then vacant "by the free resignation of William (Rugge, alias Repps) late bishop" thereof. Bishop Rugge died on the 21st Sept. following.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 3rd April 1557. The iij day of Aprell dyd pryche doctur Wattsun (age 42) bysshope of Lynckolne at Allallows the Mor in ... at after-non, wher was grett audyens of pepull.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 3rd April 1559. The iij day of Aprell the bysshopes and the nuw prychers mett at the abbay a-for my lord keper of the brod seylle, and dyvers of the consell, and ther to gyff a answer of the matter; the sam nyght, my lord bysshope of Wynchester (age 49) and my lord of Lynkolne (age 44) was send to the towre of London [Map] by the gard by water, to the Old Swane, and to Belynsgatt after.
On 3rd April 1578 Philip III King Spain was born to Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain (age 50) and Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 28). Coefficient of inbreeding 21.27%.
On 3rd April 1643 a company of Parliamentarians from the Lichfield garrison with the support of some of the local townsmen, approximately 300 men, attempted to stop a detachment of 1,400 Royalists under the command of Prince Rupert (age 23) from passing through the unfortified parliamentary town of Birmingham.
William Feilding 1st Earl Denbigh (age 56) was wounded during the Battle of Camp Hill; he died five daye later.
On 3rd April 1643 Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet (age 64) died. His son Thomas (age 42) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire. St Mary's Church, Acton [Map]. Stuart Period. Monument to Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet and Grace Savage (age 58).
Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet: In January 1579 he was born to Thomas Wilbraham. Before 1601 Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet and Grace Savage were married. On 5th May 1621 Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire.
Thomas Wilbraham 2nd Baronet: In 1601 he was born to Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet and Grace Savage. On 2nd February 1613 Thomas Wilbraham 2nd Baronet and Elizabeth Wilbraham were married. On 31st October 1660 Thomas Wilbraham 2nd Baronet died. See monument at Action, Cheshire succeeded 3rd Baronet Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire. Elizabeth Mytton Lady Wilbrahim by marriage Lady Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire.
Grace Savage: Around 1585 she was born to John Savage 1st Baronet. On 8th March 1661 Grace Savage died.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1660. Late to bed. About three in the morning there was great knocking at my cabin, which with much difficulty (so they say) waked me, and I rose, but it was only for a packet, so went to my bed again, and in the morning gave it my Lord. This morning Capt. Isham (age 32) comes on board to see my Lord and drunk his wine before he went into the Downs, there likewise come many merchants to get convoy to the Baltique, which a course was taken for. They dined with my Lord, and one of them by name Alderman Wood talked much to my Lord of the hopes that we have now to be settled, (under the King he meant); but my Lord took no notice of it. After dinner which was late my Lord went on shore, and after him I and Capt. Sparling went in his boat, but the water being almost at low water we could not stay for fear of not getting into our boat again. So back again. This day come the Lieutenant of the Swiftsure, who was sent by my Lord to Hastings, one of the Cinque Ports, to have got Mr. Edward Montagu (age 12) to have been one of their burgesses, but could not, for they were all promised before. After he had done his message, I took him and Mr. Pierce, the surgeon (who this day came on board, and not before), to my cabin, where we drank a bottle of wine. At night, busy a-writing, and so to bed. My heart exceeding heavy for not hearing of my dear wife, and indeed I do not remember that ever my heart was so apprehensive of her absence as at this very time.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1663. I find at Court that there is some bad news from Ireland of an insurrection of the Catholiques there, which puts them into an alarm. I hear also in the City that for certain there is an embargo upon all our ships in Spayne, upon this action of my Lord Windsor's (age 36) at Cuba, which signifies little or nothing, but only he hath a mind to say that he hath done something before he comes back again. Late tonight I sent to invite my uncle Wight and aunt with Mrs. Turner (age 40) to-morrow.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1663. Thence away back again by water to Whitehall, and there to the Tangier Committee, where we find ourselves at a great stand; the establishment being but £70,000 per annum, and the forces to be kept in the town at the least estimate that my Lord Rutherford can be got to bring it is £53,000. The charge of this year's work of the Mole will be £13,000; besides £1000 a-year to my Lord Peterborough (age 41) as a pension, and the fortifications and contingencys, which puts us to a great stand, and so unsettled what to do therein we rose, and I to see my Lord Sandwich (age 37), whom I found merry at cards, and so by coach home, and after supper a little to my office and so home and to bed.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1663. Waked betimes and talked half an hour with my father, and so I rose and to my office, and about 9 o'clock by water from the Old Swan [Map] to White Hall and to chappell, which being most monstrous full, I could not go into my pew, but sat among the quire. Dr. Creeton (age 70), the Scotchman, preached a most admirable, good, learned, honest and most severe sermon, yet comicall, upon the words of the woman concerning the Virgin, "Blessed is the womb that bare thee (meaning Christ) and the paps that gave thee suck; and he answered, Nay; rather is he blessed that heareth the word of God, and keepeth it". He railed bitterly ever and anon against John Calvin, and his brood, the Presbyterians, and against the present term, now in use, of "tender consciences". He ripped up Hugh Peters (calling him the execrable skellum1 ), his preaching and stirring up the maids of the city to bring in their bodkins and thimbles.
Note 1. A villain or scoundrel; the cant term for a thief.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1664. Lord's Day. Being weary last night lay long, and called up by W. Joyce. So I rose, and his business was to ask advice of me, he being summonsed to the House of Lords to-morrow, for endeavouring to arrest my Lady Peters1 for a debt. I did give him advice, and will assist him. He staid all the morning, but would not dine with me.
Note 1. Elizabeth, daughter of John Savage, second Earl Rivers, and first wife to William, fourth Lord Petre (age 38), who was, in 1678, impeached by the Commons of high treason, and died under confinement in the Tower, January 5th, 1683, s. p. B.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1665. Thence home and to the office a while, and then home to supper and to bed. All the pleasure of the play was, the King (age 34) and my Baroness Castlemayne (age 24) were there; and pretty witty Nell (age 15), [Nell Gwynne] at the King's house, and the younger Marshall sat next us; which pleased me mightily.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1665. Thence home and to dinner, and then with Creed, my wife, and Mercer to a play at the Duke's, of my Lord Orrery's (age 43), called "Mustapha", which being not good, made Betterton's (age 29) part and Ianthe's (age 28) but ordinary too, so that we were not contented with it at all.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1665. Up and to the Duke of Albemarle (age 56) and White Hall, where much business.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1667. By and by up to the Duke of York (age 33), where our usual business, and among other things I read two most dismal letters of the straits we are in (from Collonell Middleton and Commissioner Taylor) that ever were writ in the world, so as the Duke of York would have them to shew the King (age 36), and to every demand of money, whereof we proposed many and very pressing ones, Sir G. Carteret (age 57) could make no answer but no money, which I confess made me almost ready to cry for sorrow and vexation, but that which was the most considerable was when Sir G. Carteret did say that he had no funds to raise money on; and being asked by Sir W. Coventry (age 39) whether the eleven months' tax was not a fund, and he answered, "No, that the bankers would not lend money upon it". Then Sir W. Coventry burst out and said he did supplicate his Royal Highness, and would do the same to the King, that he would remember who they were that did persuade the King from parting with the Chimney-money to the Parliament, and taking that in lieu which they would certainly have given, and which would have raised infallibly ready money; meaning the bankers and the farmers of the Chimney-money, whereof Sir, G. Carteret, I think, is one; saying plainly, that whoever did advise the King to that, did, as much as in them lay, cut the King's throat, and did wholly betray him; to which the Duke of York did assent; and remembered that the King did say again and again at the time, that he was assured, and did fully believe, the money would be raised presently upon a land-tax. This put as all into a stound; and Sir W. Coventry went on to declare, that he was glad he was come to have so lately concern in the Navy as he hath, for he cannot now give any good account of the Navy business; and that all his work now was to be able to provide such orders as would justify his Royal Highness in the business, when it shall be called to account; and that he do do, not concerning himself whether they are or can be performed, or no; and that when it comes to be examined, and falls on my Lord Treasurer (age 60), he cannot help it, whatever the issue of it shall be. Hereupon Sir W. Batten (age 66) did pray him to keep also by him all our letters that come from the office that may justify us, which he says he do do, and, God knows, it is an ill sign when we are once to come to study how to excuse ourselves. It is a sad consideration, and therewith we broke up, all in a sad posture, the most that ever I saw in my life. One thing more Sir W. Coventry did say to the Duke of York, when I moved again, that of about £9000 debt to Lanyon, at Plymouth, Devon [Map], he might pay £3700 worth of prize-goods, that he bought lately at the candle, out of this debt due to him from the King; and the Duke of York, and Sir G: Carteret, and Lord Barkeley (age 65), saying, all of them, that my Lord Ashly (age 45) would not be got to yield to it, who is Treasurer of the Prizes, Sir W. Coventry did plainly desire that it might be declared whether the proceeds of the prizes were to go to the helping on of the war, or no; and, if it were, how then could this be denied? which put them all into another stound; and it is true, God forgive us! Thence to the chappell, and there, by chance, hear that Dr. Crew (age 34) is to preach; and so into the organ-loft, where I met Mr. Carteret, and my Lady Jemimah, and Sir Thomas Crew's (age 43) two daughters, and Dr. Childe (age 61) played; and Dr. Crew did make a very pretty, neat, sober, honest sermon; and delivered it very readily, decently, and gravely, beyond his years: so as I was exceedingly taken with it, and I believe the whole chappell, he being but young; but his manner of his delivery I do like exceedingly. His text was, "But seeke ye first the Kingdom of God, and his righteousness, and all these things shall be added unto you". Thence with my Lady to Sir G. Carteret's lodgings, and so up into the house, and there do hear that the Dutch letters are come, and say that the Dutch have ordered a passe to be sent for our Commissioners, and that it is now upon the way, coming with a trumpeter blinded, as is usual. But I perceive every body begins to doubt the success of the treaty, all their hopes being only that if it can be had on any terms, the Chancellor (age 58) will have it; for he dare not come before a Parliament, nor a great many more of the courtiers, and the King himself do declare he do not desire it, nor intend it but on a strait; which God defend him from! Here I hear how the King is not so well pleased of this marriage between the Duke of Richmond and Mrs. Stewart (age 19), as is talked; and that he [the Duke] by a wile did fetch her to the Beare [Map], at the bridge foot, where a coach was ready, and they are stole away into Kent, without the King's leave; and that the King hath said he will never see her more; but people do think that it is only a trick. This day I saw Prince Rupert (age 47) abroad in the Vane-room, pretty well as he used to be, and looks as well, only something appears to be under his periwigg on the crown of his head.
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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 3rd April 1668. After dinner by water from the Tower to White Hall, there to attend the Duke of York (age 34) as usual, and particularly in a fresh complaint the Commissioners of the Treasury do make to him, and by and by to the Council this day of our having prepared certificates on the Exchequer to the further sum of near £50,000, and soon as we had done with the Duke of York we did attend the Council; and were there called in, and did hear Mr. Sollicitor (age 46) [General] make his Report to the Council in the business; which he did in a most excellent manner of words, but most cruelly severe against us, and so were some of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, as men guilty of a practice with the tradesmen, to the King's prejudice. I was unwilling to enter into a contest with them; but took advantage of two or three words last spoke, and brought it to a short issue in good words, that if we had the King's order to hold our hands, we would, which did end the matter: and they all resolved we should have it, and so it ended: and so we away; I vexed that I did not speak more in a cause so fit to be spoke in, and wherein we had so much advantage; but perhaps I might have provoked the Sollicitor and the Commissioners of the Treasury, and therefore, since, I am not sorry that I forbore.
On 3rd April 1835 Julia Tomasina Hay Lady Hobhouse died of tuberculosis.
St Peter and St Paul Church, Little Gaddesden. Window in memory of Mary Anne Maberley, daughter of Thomas Astley Maberley, diedd 3rd April 1873.
3rd April 1881. Census. 2 Palace Gate, Kensington.
John Everett Millais 1st Baronet (age 51)
Alice Millais
Geoffrey (age 17)
Jean Gray.
William (age 53)
Five servants.
Geoffrey William Millais 4th Baronet: On 18th September 1863 he was born to John Everett Millais 1st Baronet and Euphemia "Effie" Gray Lady Millais. On 30th September 1920 John Everett Millais 3rd Baronet died. His uncle Geoffrey succeeded 4th Baronet Millais of Palace Gate in Kensington in Middlesex. On 7th November 1941 Geoffrey William Millais 4th Baronet died. His son Ralph succeeded 5th Baronet Millais of Palace Gate in Kensington in Middlesex.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
3rd April 1881. Census. 2 Warwick Gardens, Kensington
William Holman Hunt (age 54). Head. 54. Artist.
Marion Edith Waugh (age 34). Wife. 34.
Gladys Hunt (age 3). Daughter. 4.
Hilary Lushington Hunt (age 1). Son. 1.
Mary A Ottaway. 42. Nurse.
Josephine M Murphy. 23. Housemaid.
Ada M Clemens. 23. Nurse.
Annie Burton. 26. Cook.
Gladys Hunt: In 1878 she was born to William Holman Hunt and Marion Edith Waugh at Jerusalem [Map].
Hilary Lushington Hunt: On 6th May 1879 he was born to William Holman Hunt and Marion Edith Waugh at 2 Warwick Gardens, Kensington.
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On 3rd April 1945 Chandos Wren Hoskyns 14th Baronet (age 21) was killed in action during air operations over Norway. His brother John (age 18) succeeded 15th Baronet Hoskyns of Harewood in Herefordshire.
Births on the 3rd April
On 3rd April 1311 Margaret Bohun Countess Devon was born to Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex (age 35) and Princess Elizabeth of Rhuddlan Countess Essex, Hereford and Holland (age 28). She a granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 3rd April 1332 Elizabeth Darcy Countess Ormonde was born to John Darcy 1st Baron Darcy of Knayth (age 52) and Joan Burgh Countess Kildare (age 32) at Platten, County Meath.
On 3rd April 1461 Anne Valois Duchess Bourbon was born to King Louis XI of France (age 37) and Queen Charlotte of Savoy (age 19). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.65%.
On 3rd April 1578 Philip III King Spain was born to Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain (age 50) and Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 28). Coefficient of inbreeding 21.27%.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 3rd April 1613 Hester Annesley was born to Francis Annesley 1st Viscount Valentia (age 27) and Dorothy Philipps (age 25).
On 3rd April 1643 Charles V Duke of Lorraine was born to Nicolas Lorraine II Duke Lorraine (age 34).
On 3rd April 1647 Thomas Littleton 3rd Baronet was born to Thomas Littleton 2nd Baronet (age 26) and Anne Littleton Lady Littleton.
On 3rd April 1727 Jacob Bouverie was born to Jacob Bouverie 1st Viscount Folkestone (age 32) and Mary Clarke.
On 3rd April 1745 Elizabeth Fortescue 5th Marchioness Lothian was born to Chichester Fortescue (age 26) and Elizabeth Wesley (age 25).
On 3rd April 1745 William Eden 1st Baron Auckland was born to Robert Eden 3rd Baronet (age 27) and Mary Davison Lady Eden (age 24)..
On 3rd April 1756 John Paulett 4th Earl Paulett was born to Vere Paulett 3rd Earl Paulett (age 46) and Mary Butt.
On 3rd April 1757 Daniel Finch was born to Heneage Finch 3rd Earl Aylesford (age 41) and Charlotte Seymour Countess Aylesford (age 26).
On 3rd April 1761 George Douglas 16th Earl Morton was born to Sholto Charles Douglas 15th Earl Morton (age 30).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 3rd April 1767 John George Montagu was born to John Montagu 5th Earl Sandwich (age 23) and Elizabeth Montague-Dunk.
On 25th March 1772 George Greville was born to George Greville 2nd Earl Warwick and Brooke (age 25) and Georgiana Peachey. His mother died from childbirth a few days later on 3rd April 1772. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 3rd April 1773 Fulke Greville Upton was born to Clotworthy Upton 1st Baron Templetown (age 52) and Elizabeth Boughton Baroness Templetown (age 20).
On 3rd April 1781 Louisa Lowry-Corry Countess of Sandwich was born to Armar Lowry-Corry 1st Earl Belmore (age 40) and Harriet Hobart Viscountess Belmore (age 18).
On 3rd April 1782 William Henry Lyttelton 3rd Baron Lyttelton was born to William Henry Lyttelton 1st Baron Lyttelton (age 57) and Caroline Bristow Baroness Lyttelton (age 36) at Berners Street.
On 3rd April 1792 William Vane 3rd Duke Cleveland was born to William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland (age 25) and Catharine Margaret Powlett Countess Darlington (age 26). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.45%.
On 3rd April 1793 George Pellew was born to Edward Pellew 1st Viscount Exmouth (age 36) and Susan Frowde Viscountess Exmouth (age 37).
On 3rd April 1802 Thomas Wynn 2nd Baron Newborough was born to Thomas Wynn 1st Baron Newborough (age 66) and Maria Stella Chiappini Baroness Newborough (age 28).
On 3rd April 1814 Mark Kerr aka McDonnell 5th Earl of Antrim was born to Vice-Admiral Mark Robert Kerr (age 37) and Charlotte MacDonnell 3rd Countess of Antrim (age 34).
On 3rd April 1814 Caroline Elizabeth Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle (age 41) and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle (age 38). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 3rd April 1822 Augusta Elizabeth Frederica Bruce was born to Thomas Bruce 11th Earl Kincardine 7th Earl Elgin (age 55) and Elizabeth Oswald Countess Kincardine and Elgin (age 32).
On 3rd April 1830 George Charles Mostyn was born to George Charles Mostyn 6th Baron Vaux of Harrowden (age 26) and Caroline Vansittart Baroness Vaux.
On 3rd April 1845 Byron Cary 12th Viscount Falkland was born to Byron Charles Ferdinand Plantagenet Cary (age 36).
On 3rd April 1850 John Jervis 4th Viscount St Vincent was born to Carnegie Jervis 3rd Viscount St Vincent (age 24).
On 3rd April 1868 Anne Louisa Scott Countess of Romney was born to Edward Henry Scott 5th Baronet.
On 3rd April 1874 Theophilus George Biddulph 8th Baronet was born to Theophilus William Biddulph 7th Baronet (age 44) and Mary Agnes Somerville Lady Biddulph (age 36).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 3rd April 1880 Aubrey Nigel Henry Molyneux Herbert was born to Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert 4th Earl Carnarvon (age 48) and Elizabeth Catherine Howard-Molyneux-Howard Countess Carnarvon (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.
On 3rd April 1886 Colum Edmund Crichton-Stuart was born to John Crichton-Stuart 3rd Marquis of the Isle of Bute (age 38) and Gwendolen Mary Anne Fitzalan Howard Marchioness Bute (age 32).
On 3rd April 1887 Robert Foljambe 4th Earl of Liverpool was born to Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool (age 40) and Susan Louisa Cavendish Countess Liverpool.
On 3rd April 1893 Princess Maud Duff Countess Southesk was born to Alexander Duff 1st Duke Fife (age 43) and Louise Windsor Duchess Fife (age 26). She a granddaughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom.
On 3rd April 1904 Mercy Greville was born to Francis Greville 5th Earl Warwick 5th Earl Brooke (age 51) and Frances Evelyn "Daisy" Maynard Countess Warwick (age 42). Some sources describe her father as Joseph Frederick Laycock (age 36).
On 3rd April 1919 Hugh Denis Charles Fitzroy 11th Duke Grafton was born to Charles Alfred Euston Fitzroy 10th Duke Grafton (age 26) and Doreen Buxton Duchess Grafton (age 21) at Cape Town.
On 3rd April 1954 Christopher James Bellew was born to James Bellew 7th Baron Bellew (age 34).
Marriages on the 3rd April
On 3rd April 1348 John Plantagenet 3rd Earl Kent (age 17) and Isabella aka Elizabeth Julich Countess Kent (age 18) were married. She by marriage Countess Kent. She the daughter of William Jülich V Duke Jülich (age 49) and Joanna Hainault Duchess Guelders (age 33). He the son of Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl Kent and Margaret Wake Countess Kent (age 51). They were half second cousin once removed. He a grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.
On 3rd April 1496 John Trastámara Prince Asturias (age 17) and Margaret of Austria Princess Asturias (age 16) were married at Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas [Map]. She by marriage Princess Asturias. She the daughter of Maximilian Habsburg I Holy Roman Emperor (age 37) and Mary Valois Duchess Burgundy. He the son of Ferdinand II King Aragon (age 44) and Isabella Queen Castile (age 44). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 3rd April 1695 Piers Butler 1st Earl Newcastle (age 43) and Henrietta Fitzjames Countess Newcastle (age 28) were married. She by marriage Countess Newcastle in Limerick. She the daughter of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 61) and Anne Hyde Duchess of York.
On 3rd April 1735 Robert Montagu 3rd Duke Manchester (age 25) and Harriet Dunch Duchess Manchester were married. He the son of Charles Montagu 1st Duke Manchester and Doddington Greville Duchess Manchester.
On 3rd April 1784 John Sheffield 2nd Baronet (age 41) and Charlotte Sophia Digby (age 17) were married. The difference in their ages was 24 years. They were first cousin once removed.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 3rd April 1819 Charles William Vane 3rd Marquess Londonderry (age 41) and Frances Vane Tempest Marchioness Londonderry (age 19) were married at Bruton Street. The difference in their ages was 22 years. He the son of Robert Stewart 1st Marquess Londonderry (age 79) and Frances Pratt Marchioness Londonderry (age 68).
On 3rd April 1824 Thomas Hesketh 4th Baronet (age 25) and Annette Maria Bomford Lady Hesketh (age 25) were married.
On 3rd April 1872 Major-General Gustavus Hamilton Lockwood Milman and Louisa Mary Berkeley 15th Baroness Berkeley (age 31) were married.
On 3rd April 1877 John William Plunkett 17th Baron Dunsany (age 23) and Ernle Elizabeth Louisa Maria Grosvenor Burton (age 22) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. They were second cousins.
On 3rd April 1879 Richard Grosvenor 1st Baron Stalbridge (age 42) and Eleanor Frances Beatrice Hamilton-Stubber were married. He the son of Richard Grosvenor 2nd Marquess Westminster and Elizabeth Mary Leveson-Gower Marchioness Westminster (age 82).
Deaths on the 3rd April
On 3rd April 963 William "Towhead" III Duke Aquitaine (age 48) died. His son William (age 26) succeeded IV Duke Aquitaine.
On 3rd April 1322 Henry Tyeys 2nd Baron Tyeys (age 36) died. Baron Tyeys extinct.
On 3rd April 1367 the forces of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile (age 32) commanded by Edward "Black Prince" (age 36) defeated the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile (age 33) at the Battle of Nájera at Nájera [Map]. The English forces included John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 27), William Scrope, Peter Courtenay (age 21), John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux (age 30), John Savile of Shelley and Golcar (age 42), Bernard Brocas (age 37) and Thomas Banastre (age 33).
The forces of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile included Bertrand Geusclin (age 47). The battle achieved little since Bertrand Geusclin escaped.
John Ferrers 4th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 36) was killed. His son Robert (age 9) succeeded 5th Baron Ferrers of Chartley. Margaret Despencer Baroness Ferrers of Chartley by marriage Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.
Edward "Black Prince" thereafter returned home, taking Peter's daughters Constance (age 13) and Isabella (age 12) as hostages to ensure Peter would pay the money owed to Edward. Constance married John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster, Isabella married Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York (age 25).
On 3rd April 1385 Elizabeth Bohun Countess Arundel and Surrey (age 35) died. She was buried at Lewes [Map].
On 3rd April 1461 Thomas Courtenay 6th or 14th Earl Devon (age 29) was beheaded at York [Map] following his capture at the Battle of Towton. he was attainted; Earl Devon forfeit.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 3rd April 1498 John Grey 8th Baron Grey of Wilton (age 50) died. On 3rd April 1498 His son Edmund (age 29) succeeded 9th Baron Grey of Wilton. Florence Hastings Baroness Grey Wilton (age 25) by marriage Baroness Grey of Wilton.
On 3rd April 1538 Elizabeth Howard Countess of Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 58) died at the Abbot of Reading's Place next to Baynard's Castle [Map]. She was buried at St Mary at Lambeth Church, Surrey [Map] in a crypt beneath the floor of the Howard Chapel. The Chapel no longer exists but the ledger slab is extant with the inscription: "Here lyeth the Lady Elizabeth Howard, sometime Countess of Wiltshire".
On 3rd April 1606 Charles Blount 1st Earl Devonshire (age 43) died at Savoy Palace [Map]. Earl Devonshire, Baron Mountjoy extinct.
On 3rd April 1630 Christopher Villiers 1st Earl Anglesey (age 37) died at Windsor, Berkshire [Map]. He was buried at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map]. His son Charles succeeded 2nd Earl Anglesey, 2nd Baron Villiers of Daventry.
On 3rd April 1643 Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet (age 64) died. His son Thomas (age 42) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire. St Mary's Church, Acton [Map]. Stuart Period. Monument to Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet and Grace Savage (age 58).
Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet: In January 1579 he was born to Thomas Wilbraham. Before 1601 Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet and Grace Savage were married. On 5th May 1621 Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet was created 1st Baronet Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire.
Thomas Wilbraham 2nd Baronet: In 1601 he was born to Richard Wilbraham 1st Baronet and Grace Savage. On 2nd February 1613 Thomas Wilbraham 2nd Baronet and Elizabeth Wilbraham were married. On 31st October 1660 Thomas Wilbraham 2nd Baronet died. See monument at Action, Cheshire succeeded 3rd Baronet Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire. Elizabeth Mytton Lady Wilbrahim by marriage Lady Wilbraham of Woodhey in Cheshire.
Grace Savage: Around 1585 she was born to John Savage 1st Baronet. On 8th March 1661 Grace Savage died.
On 3rd April 1667 Edward Somerset 2nd Marquess Worcester (age 65) died. His son Henry (age 38) succeeded 3rd Marquess Worcester, 7th Earl Worcester, 9th Baron Herbert of Raglan. Mary Capell Duchess Beaufort (age 36) by marriage Marchioness Worcester.
On 3rd April 1695 Melchior d'Hondecoeter (age 59) died.
On 3rd April 1702 Henry Goring 2nd Baronet (age 79) died. His grandson Charles (age 34) succeeded 3rd Baronet Bowyer aka Goring of Highden in Sussex.
On 3rd April 1729 John Carnegie 2nd Baronet (age 56) died. His son James (age 13) succeeded 3rd Baronet Carnegie of Pittarrow in Kincardine.
On 3rd April 1730 Edward Knatchbull 4th Baronet (age 56) died. His son Wyndham (age 30) succeeded 5th Baronet Knatchbull of Mersham Hatch in Kent.
On 3rd April 1730 Henrietta Fitzjames Countess Newcastle (age 63) died.
On 3rd April 1740 Mary Oldbury Countess Warrington (age 58) died at Dunham Massey, Cheshire [Map].
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 3rd April 1770 William Chetwynd 3rd Viscount Chetwynd (age 86) died. His son William (age 48) succeeded 4th Viscount Chetwynd of Bearhaven in Kerry.
On 3rd April 1781 Henry Conyngham 1st Earl Conyngham (age 76) died without issue. Earl Conyngham and Baron Conyngham extinct. His nephew Francis (age 56) succeeded Baron Conyngham. On Francis Burton aka Conyngham 2nd Baron Conyngham adopted the surname Conyngham by Royal License.
On 3rd April 1794 Jacobo Fitz James Stuart 10th Duke Veragua 5th Duke Berwick (age 21) died at Madrid [Map]. His son Jacobo (age 2) succeeded 11th Duke Veragua, 6th Duke of Jérica, 6th Duke of Liria, 6th Duke Berwick.
On 3rd April 1807 Charles Sloane Cadogan 1st Earl Cadogan (age 78) died. His son Charles (age 57) succeeded 2nd Earl Cadogan, 2nd Viscount Chelsea, 4th Baron Cadogan. He was by then a lunatic.
On 3rd April 1820 Edward Lascelles 1st Earl Harewood (age 79) died. His son Henry (age 52) succeeded 2nd Earl Harewood in Yorkshire, 2nd Viscount Lascelles, 2nd Baron Harewood of Harewood in Yorkshire. Henrietta Sebright Countess Harewood by marriage Countess Harewood in Yorkshire.
On 3rd April 1835 Julia Tomasina Hay Lady Hobhouse died of tuberculosis.
On 3rd April 1848 Thomas Baring 2nd Baronet (age 75) died at Stratton Park House. His son Francis (age 51) succeeded 3rd Baronet Baring of Larkbeer in Devon.
On 3rd April 1851 Louisa Emma Fox-Strangways Marchioness of Lansdowne (age 65) died.
On 3rd April 1853 Edward Bootle-Wilbraham 1st Baron Skelmersdale died. His grandson Edward (age 15) succeeded 2nd Baron Skelmersdale in Lancashhire.
On 3rd April 1854 Edward Lloyd 1st Baron Mostyn (age 85) died. His son Edward (age 59) succeeded 2nd Baron Mostyn of Mostyn in Flintshire, 3rd Baronet Lloyd of Pengwerra in Flintshire.
On 3rd April 1857 Reverend Richard le Fleming 6th Baronet (age 65) died. His son Michael (age 28) succeeded 7th Baronet Fleming of Rydal in Cumbria. Elizabeth Boddie Lady Fleming (age 37) by marriage Lady Fleming of Rydal in Cumbria.
On 3rd April 1888 Edward Richard Littleton 2nd Baron Hatherton (age 72) died. His son Edward (age 45) succeeded 3rd Baron Hatherton. Charlotte Louisa Rowley Baroness Hatherton (age 43) by marriage Baroness Hatherton.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 3rd April 1890 George Phipps 2nd Marquess Normanby (age 70) died at Brighton. His son Constantine (age 43) succeeded 3rd Marquess Normanby, 4th Earl Mulgrave, 4th Viscount Normanby, 6th Baron Mulgrave of New Ross in Wexford and 4th Baron Mulgrave.
On 3rd April 1898 Charles Mills 1st Baron Hillingdon (age 67) died. His son Charles (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baron Hillingdon, 3rd Baronet Mills of Hillingdon. Alice Marion Harbord Baroness Hillingdon (age 40) by marriage Baroness Hillingdon.
On 3rd April 1900 Mary Bailie-Hamilton Countess Aberdeen (age 85) died.
On 3rd April 1909 Peter Burrell 4th Baron Gwydyr (age 98) died. His son Willoughby (age 67) succeeded 5th Baron Gwydyr of Cwydyr in Carnarfonshire.
On 3rd April 1927 Gerard Foley 7th Baron Foley (age 28) died. His son Adrian (age 3) succeeded 8th Baron Foley of Kidderminster in Worcestershire.
On 3rd April 1931 John Savile Lumley-Savile 2nd Baron Savile (age 77) died. His son George (age 12) succeeded 3rd Baron Savile of Rufford in Nottinghamshire. Esmé Grace Virginia Wolton Baroness Savile by marriage Baroness Savile of Rufford in Nottinghamshire.
On 3rd April 1933 Charles Mengin (age 79) died.
On 3rd April 1934 Sylvia Georgina Stewart Countess of Malmesbury died.
On 3rd April 1945 Chandos Wren Hoskyns 14th Baronet (age 21) was killed in action during air operations over Norway. His brother John (age 18) succeeded 15th Baronet Hoskyns of Harewood in Herefordshire.
On 3rd April 1952 Eric Spencer Wentworth-Fitzwilliam 9th and 7th Earl Fitzwilliam (age 68) died. His second cousin William (age 47) succeeded 10th Earl Fitzwilliam, 8th Earl Fitzwilliam, 12th Baron Fitzwilliam of Liffer in Donegal.
On 3rd April 1958 Eustace Sutherland Campbell Percy 1st Baron Percy Newcastle on Tyne (age 71) died. Baron Percy Newcastle on Tyne extinct.
On 3rd April 1963 Charles Edwards 4th Baronet (age 70) died. His son Christopher (age 21) succeeded 5th Baronet Edwards of Pyenest in West Yorkshire.
On 3rd April 1998 John William Fleetwood Fuller 3rd Baronet (age 61) died. His son James (age 27) succeeded 4th Baronet Fuller of Neston Park in Corsham in Wiltshire.
On 3rd April 2016 Harry John Neville Vane 11th Baron Barnard (age 92) died. His son Henry (age 57) succeeded 12th Baron Barnard.
