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On this Day in History ... 3rd January

03 Jan is in January.

1136 Death of King Henry I

1322 King Philip V of France Dies King Charles IV Succeeds

1437 Death of Dowager Queen Consort Catherine of Valois

1448 Warwick "Kingmaker" Becomes Earl of Warwick

1458 Margaret Beaufort marries Henry Stafford

1645 King Charles I Rewards his Supporters

1666 Great Plague of London

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 3rd January

On 03 Jan 1136 King Henry I "Beauclerc" England was buried at Reading Abbey, Berkshire [Map]. The Archbishop of Canterbury William of Corbeil (age 66), Bishop of Winchester Henry of Blois (age 38), Bishop Roger of Sailsbury and Edwar,d Abbot of Reading, were present at the burial, where masses were sung, rich offerings made and alms were distributed to the poor of Reading. The dead king’s effigy was displayed on a hearse, and his body was buried in a tomb before the abbey church’s High Altar, while King Stephen (age 42) sat enthroned watching the rituals. The abbey church and the ground immediately outside became a desirable location for other royals and nobles to be buried.

Flowers of History by Roger of Wendover 1135. [03 Jan 1136]. The corpse of the king lay a long time above ground at Rouen, where his entrails, brain, and eyes are buried; the rest of his body, cut with knives and seasoned with salt to destroy the offensive smell, which was great, and annoyed all who came near it, was wrapped in a bull's skin; and the physician who was engaged for a large sum of money to open his head with a hatchet, and extract the brain after it was already too much corrupted, notwithstanding that the head was wrapped up in several napkins, was poisoned by the noisome smell, and thus the money which he received was fatal to him; he was the last of king Henry's victims, for he had killed many before. The royal body was conveyed from thence to Caen, where it was placed in the church before the tomb of his father, who also reposes there. Immediately, a bloody and frightful liquor began to ooze through the bull's skin, which the attendants caught in basins, to the great horror of the beholders. At length the king's corpse was brought to England, and buried with royal pomp on his birth-day [03 Jan 1136?], at Reading [Map], in the church which he had himself founded. The archbishops, bishops, and nobles of the kingdom were present at the ceremony.

Chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon 1135. [03 Jan 1136]. At last, the royal remains were brought over to England, and interred, within twelve days of Christmas, in the abbey at Reading [Map], which King Henry had founded and richly endowed. There, King Stephen, after holding his court at London during Christmas, came to meet the body of his uncle, and William, archbishop of Canterbury, with many earls and great men, buried King Henry with the honours due to so great a prince.

On 03 Jan 1290 Constance Burgundy Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon was born to Denis I King Portugal (age 28) and Elisabeth Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal (age 19). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 03 Jan 1322 Philip V King France I King Navarre (age 29) died. His brother Charles IV King France I King Navarre (age 27) succeeded IV King France: Capet, I King Navarre although his niece was by right successor to the Kingdom of Navarre.

On 03 Jan 1437 Catherine of Valois Queen Consort England (age 35) died at Bermondsey Abbey [Map]. She had been married aged eighteen to King Henry V of England for two years three months. Their son was King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 15).

After Henry V died she disappears somewhat from the records other than for Parliament to legislate against her marrying without permission, which she then duly did, to Owen Tudor (age 37), and had two sons, the elder of which was father to King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

Her children Edmund (age 6) and Jasper (age 5) were subsequently placed in the care of Abbess Katherine Pole, then Abbess of Barking. Katherine's brother William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 40) had the wardship of Edmund's future wife Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond.

Chronicle of Gregory 1437. 03 Jan 1437. Ande that same year Quene Kateryn (age 35) dyde at Bredmonsey [Map] the iij day of Jany ver.

On 03 Jan 1448 Anne Beauchamp 15th Countess Warwick (age 4) died at Ewelme, Oxfordshire aged four whilst in the care of Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 44). Baron Burghesh abeyant between her three-half aunts and her full aunt Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick (age 21). It isn't clear why the barony was not subject to the same legal dispute that the Earldom of Warwick was subject to - see following.

After a prolonged legal dispute between her three half-aunts, Margaret Beauchamp Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford (age 44), Eleanor Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 39), Elizabeth Beauchamp Baroness Latimer (age 31) and her full aunt Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick, the courts decided her full aunt Anne Beauchamp should succeed. Anne Beauchamp succeeded 16th Countess Warwick. Her husband Richard Neville (age 19) by marriage Earl Warwick; the first step on his journey to becoming Kingmaker.

The decision of the court was not subscribed to by Edmund Beaufort Earl Somerset (age 42) who was married to Anne's half-sister Eleanor; he wanted his share of the considerable Beauchamp inheritance.

On 03 Jan 1458 Henry Stafford (age 33) and Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 14) were married probably at Maxstoke Castle [Map]. Her third marriage (second if you don't include the one annulled) aged fourteen and already the mother of the future King Henry VII. She had no further issue. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 48). He the son of Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 55) and Anne Neville Duchess Buckingham (age 50). They were second cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1510-1519. 03 Jan 1514. A Parlement kept at Westminster,c where was graunted to the King (age 22) of all men's goodes 6d. in the pownde.

Note c. This paragraph has been misplaced in MS. before the preceding; the Parliament did not meet till the 3rd January, 1514.

On 03 Jan 1642 Augustine Warner was born to Colonel Augustine Warner (age 30) at York County.

On 03 Jan 1645 King Charles I (age 44) rewarded his supporters with Baronies ...

John Brooke 1st Baron Cobham (age 69) was created 1st Baron Cobham. Frances Bampfield Baroness Cobham by marriage Baroness Cobham.

John Lucas 1st Baron Lucas Shenfield (age 38) was created 1st Baron Lucas of Shenfield with special remainder to the male issue of his brother Thomas Lucas (age 66).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 03 Jan 1662. So to dinner to my Lord Crew's (age 64) with him and his Lady, and after dinner to Faithorne's (age 46), and there bought some pictures of him; and while I was there, comes by the King life-guard, he being gone to Lincoln's Inn this afternoon to see the Revells there; there being, according to an old custom, a prince and all his nobles, and other matters of sport and charge.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 03 Jan 1665. Up, and by coach to Sir Ph. Warwicke's (age 55), the streete being full of footballs, it being a great frost, and found him and Mr. Coventry (age 37) walking in St. James's Parke. I did my errand to him about the felling of the King's timber in the forests, and then to my Lord of Oxford (age 37), Justice in Eyre, for his consent thereto, for want whereof my Lord Privy Seale stops the whole business. I found him in his lodgings, in but an ordinary furnished house and roome where he was, but I find him to be a man of good discreet replys.

John Evelyn's Diary. 03 Jan 1666. I supped in Nonesuch House [Map], whither the office of the Exchequer was transferred during the plague, at my good friend. Mr. Packer's (age 47), and took an exact view of the plaster statues and bass-relievos inserted between the timbers and puncheons of the outside walls of the Court; which must needs have been the work of some celebrated Italian. I much admired how they had lasted so well and entire since the time of Henry VIII., exposed as they are to the air; and pity it is they are not taken out and preserved in some dry place; a gallery would become them. There are some mezzo-relievos as big as the life; the story is of the Heathen Gods, emblems, compartments, etc. The palace [Map] consists of two courts, of which the first is of stone, castle like, by the Lord Lumleys (of whom it was purchased), the other of timber, a Gothic fabric, but these walls incomparably beautiful. I observed that the appearing timber-puncheons, entrelices, etc., were all so covered with scales of slate, that it seemed carved in the wood and painted, the slate fastened on the timber in pretty figures, that has, like a coat of armor, preserved it from rotting. There stand in the garden two handsome stone pyramids, and the avenue planted with rows of fair elms, but the rest of these goodly trees, both of this and of Worcester Park adjoining, were felled by those destructive and avaricious rebels in the late war, which defaced one of the stateliest seats his Majesty had.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 03 Jan 1666. Up, and all the morning till three in the afternoon examining and fitting up my Pursers' paper and sent it away by an Expresse. Then comes my wife, and I set her to get supper ready against I go to the Duke of Albemarle (age 57) and back again; and at the Duke's with great joy I received the good news of the decrease of the plague this week to 70, and but 253 in all; which is the least Bill hath been known these twenty years in the City. Through the want of people in London is it, that must make it so low below the ordinary number for Bills.

John Evelyn's Diary. 03 Jan 1687. There was now another change of the great officers. The Treasury was put into commission, two professed Papists among them, viz, Lords Bellasis (age 72) and Dover (age 51), joined with the old ones, Lord Godolphin (age 41), Sir Stephen Fox (age 59), and Sir John Ernley.

John Evelyn's Diary. 03 Jan 1687. A Seal to confirm a gift of £4,000 per annum for 99 years to the Lord Treasurer out of the Post Office, and £1,700 per annum for ever out of Lord Grey's (age 31) estate.

On 03 Jan 1819 Frances Thomasina Lambart Countess Talbot (age 47) died. Monument at St Mary the Virgin Church, Ingestre [Map] to her and her son Walter who died young commissioned by her husband Charles Chetwynd-Talbot 2nd Earl Talbot (age 41).

The Diary of George Price Boyce 1859. 03 Jan 1859. January 3. Took Simeon Solomon (age 18) to the Hogarth to see the works exhibited. Rossetti has a beautiful solemn purple drawing of Mary in the house of John. As Simeon said, "The impression of intense, thoughtful repose after the strife and excitement of the previous years is most impressive." R. also sent my little "Caper Nimbly" drawing, but has changed the subject into a "Borgia," and made the old grey-haired man into a Pope.

On 03 Jan 1894 Hungerford Crewe 3rd Baron Crewe (age 81) died of influenza unmarried. Baron Crewe of Crewe in Cheshire extinct. His estates were inherited by his nephew Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe Milnes 1st Marquess of Crewe (age 35) who adopted the additional surname Crewe.

On 03 Jan 2019 Jennet Adrian aka Campbell (age 92) died. Her funeral took place on Friday, 18th January, at St Gerran's Church, Gerrans [Map]. She was buried at St Anthony's Church, St Anthony in Roseland [Map].

Jennet Adrian aka Campbell: In 1927 he was born to Edgar Adrian 1st Baron Adrian. In 1978 Jennet Adrian aka Campbell moved to the Roseland peninsula and administered the Radford Trust, established by Maisie and Evelyn, to support young Cornish musicians. She introduced and catered for chamber music weekends, workshops and masterclasses with visiting professional instrumentalists. In 2011 he was appointed MBE for services to music and education in Cornwall.

Births on the 3rd January

On 03 Jan 1290 Constance Burgundy Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon was born to Denis I King Portugal (age 28) and Elisabeth Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal (age 19). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 03 Jan 1307 Otto Wittelsbach IV Duke Lower Bavaria was born to Stephen Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria (age 35) and Jutta Jawor Duchess Bavaria.

On 03 Jan 1575 Robert West was born to Thomas West 2nd Baron De La Warr (age 19) and Anne Knollys Baroness De La Warr (age 19).

On 03 Jan 1621 William Trollope 2nd Baronet was born to Thomas Trollope 1st Baronet (age 26) and Hester Sturt Street.

On 03 Jan 1642 Augustine Warner was born to Colonel Augustine Warner (age 30) at York County.

On 03 Jan 1657 Heneage Finch 5th Earl Winchilsea was born to Heneage Finch 3rd Earl Winchilsea (age 29) and Mary Seymour Countess Winchelsea (age 20). He was baptised on 11 Jan 1657.

On 03 Jan 1672 David Erskine 9th Earl Buchan was born.

On 03 Jan 1676 Hester Firebrace Countess Desmond and Denbigh was born to Basil Firebrace 1st Baronet (age 24) and Elizabeth Hough Lady Firebrace.

On 03 Jan 1692 Jacob Astley 3rd Baronet was born to Philip Astley 2nd Baronet (age 24).

On 03 Jan 1700 Mary Cavendish Countess of Westmoreland was born to Henry Cavendish (age 27) and Rhoda Cartright.

On 03 Jan 1719 Basil Feilding 5th Earl Desmond 6th Earl Denbigh was born to William Feilding 4th Earl Desmond 5th Earl Denbigh (age 22) and Isabella Jong Countess Desmond and Denbigh.

On 03 Jan 1745 John Scott was born to Francis Scott (age 23) and Caroline Campbell 1st Baroness Greenwich (age 27). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 03 Jan 1747 Robert Henley 2nd Earl Northington was born to Robert Henley 1st Earl Northington (age 39) and Jane Huband.

On 03 Jan 1750 Christian Harriet Fox-Strangways was born to Stephen Fox-Strangways 1st Earl of Ilchester (age 45) and Elizabeth Strangways-Horner Countess Ilchester (age 28).

On 03 Jan 1773 John Head 7th Baronet was born to Edmund Head 6th Baronet (age 40).

On 03 Jan 1775 Francis Caulfeild 2nd Earl Charlemont was born to James Caulfeild 1st Earl Charlemont (age 46).

On 03 Jan 1788 Admiral Maurice Frederick Fitzhardinge Berkeley was born illegitimately to Frederick Augustus Berkeley 5th Earl Berkeley (age 43) and Mary Cole. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 03 Jan 1792 Jacobo Fitz James Stuart 11th Duke Veragua 6th Duke Berwick was born to Jacobo Fitz James Stuart 10th Duke Veragua 5th Duke Berwick (age 18) and María Teresa Fernández Silva Duchess Veragua Duchess Berwick (age 19).

On 03 Jan 1799 Henry Bold-Hoghton 8th Baronet was born to Henry Hoghton 7th Baronet (age 30) and Susannah Brooke Lady Hoghton (age 37).

On 03 Jan 1800 Charles Edward Kennaway was born to John Kennaway 1st Baronet (age 41) and Charlotte Amyatt Lady Kennaway.

On 03 Jan 1807 Georgiana Anson was born to Thomas Anson 1st Viscount Anson (age 39) and Anne Margaret Coke Viscountess Anson (age 27).

On 03 Jan 1822 Washington Sewallis Shirley 9th Earl Ferrers was born to Robert William Shirley (age 38) and Anne Weston.

On 03 Jan 1845 Eleanor Cecilia Hare was born to William Hare 2nd Earl Listowel (age 43) and Maria Augusta Windham Countess Listowel (age 39).

On 03 Jan 1850 Reverend John Stafford Northcote was born to Stafford Henry Northcote 1st Earl Iddesleigh (age 31) and Cecilia Frances Farrer Countess Iddesleigh.

On 03 Jan 1968 Hugh John Frederick Sebastian Cholmeley 7th Baronet was born to Montague John Cholmeley 6th Baronet (age 32) and Juliet Auriol Sally Nelson Lady Cholmeley (age 27).

Marriages on the 3rd January

After 03 Jan 1383 William Willoughby 5th Baron Willoughby (age 13) and Lucy Strange Baroness Willoughby Eresby were married. They were third cousins.

On 03 Jan 1458 Henry Stafford (age 33) and Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 14) were married probably at Maxstoke Castle [Map]. Her third marriage (second if you don't include the one annulled) aged fourteen and already the mother of the future King Henry VII. She had no further issue. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 48). He the son of Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 55) and Anne Neville Duchess Buckingham (age 50). They were second cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 03 Jan 1503 Philip Baden 1st Margrave Baden (age 23) and Elisabeth of the Palatinate (age 19) were married. They were second cousin once removed.

On 03 Jan 1684 Henry Carew 2nd Baronet (age 30) and Katherine Fownes were married.

Before 03 Jan 1719 William Feilding 4th Earl Desmond 5th Earl Denbigh (age 22) and Isabella Jong Countess Desmond and Denbigh were married. She by marriage Countess Desmond, Countess Denbigh. He the son of Basil Feilding 3rd Earl Desmond 4th Earl Denbigh and Hester Firebrace Countess Desmond and Denbigh (age 42).

On 03 Jan 1759 John Campbell 5th Duke Argyll (age 35) and Elizabeth Gunning Duchess Hamilton and Argyll (age 25) were married. He the son of John Campbell 4th Duke Argyll (age 66) and Mary Drummond Bellenden.

On 03 Jan 1874 William Amelius Aubrey Beauclerk 10th Duke St Albans (age 33) and Grace Bernal Duchess St Albans (age 26) were married at Newtown Anner, County Tipperary. She by marriage Duchess St Albans. He the son of William Beauclerk 9th Duke St Albans and Elizabeth Catherine Gubbins Duchess St Albans (age 56). He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 03 Jan 1888 John Evelyn Gladstone 4th Baronet (age 32) and Gertrude Theresa Miller were married.

On 03 Jan 1906 Evelyn Francis Edward Seymour 17th Duke of Somerset (age 23) and Edith Mary Parker Duchess Somerset (age 25) were married. He the son of Edward Hamilton Seymour 16th Duke of Somerset (age 45) and Rowena Wall Duchess Somerset (age 44).

Deaths on the 3rd January

On 03 Jan 1098 Bishop Walkelin died.

On 03 Jan 1322 Philip V King France I King Navarre (age 29) died. His brother Charles IV King France I King Navarre (age 27) succeeded IV King France: Capet, I King Navarre although his niece was by right successor to the Kingdom of Navarre.

After 03 Jan 1377 Maud Grey Baroness Lisle (deceased) died.

On 03 Jan 1415 Joane Northwoode Baroness Scales (age 52) died.

On 03 Jan 1437 Catherine of Valois Queen Consort England (age 35) died at Bermondsey Abbey [Map]. She had been married aged eighteen to King Henry V of England for two years three months. Their son was King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 15).

After Henry V died she disappears somewhat from the records other than for Parliament to legislate against her marrying without permission, which she then duly did, to Owen Tudor (age 37), and had two sons, the elder of which was father to King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

Her children Edmund (age 6) and Jasper (age 5) were subsequently placed in the care of Abbess Katherine Pole, then Abbess of Barking. Katherine's brother William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 40) had the wardship of Edmund's future wife Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond.

On 03 Jan 1448 Anne Beauchamp 15th Countess Warwick (age 4) died at Ewelme, Oxfordshire aged four whilst in the care of Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 44). Baron Burghesh abeyant between her three-half aunts and her full aunt Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick (age 21). It isn't clear why the barony was not subject to the same legal dispute that the Earldom of Warwick was subject to - see following.

After a prolonged legal dispute between her three half-aunts, Margaret Beauchamp Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford (age 44), Eleanor Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 39), Elizabeth Beauchamp Baroness Latimer (age 31) and her full aunt Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick, the courts decided her full aunt Anne Beauchamp should succeed. Anne Beauchamp succeeded 16th Countess Warwick. Her husband Richard Neville (age 19) by marriage Earl Warwick; the first step on his journey to becoming Kingmaker.

The decision of the court was not subscribed to by Edmund Beaufort Earl Somerset (age 42) who was married to Anne's half-sister Eleanor; he wanted his share of the considerable Beauchamp inheritance.

On 03 Jan 1619 Nicholas Hilliard (age 72) died.

On 03 Jan 1662 Oliver St John 1st Baronet (age 38) died. His son Andrew St John 2nd Baronet (age 12) succeeded 2nd Baronet St John of Woodford in Northamptonshire.

On or before 03 Jan 1680 Robert Cordell 1st Baronet died. He was buried on 03 Jan 1680 at St Lawrence Jewry. His son John Cordell 2nd Baronet (age 34) succeeded 2nd Baronet Cordell of Long Melford.

On 03 Jan 1695 Mary Windsor Lady Cookes (age 37) died.

On 03 Jan 1715 Henry Hunloke 2nd Baronet (age 69) died. His son Thomas Windsor Hunloke 3rd Baronet (age 32) succeeded 3rd Baronet Hunloke of Wingerworth in Derbyshire.

On 03 Jan 1721 Mary Smyth Lady Bouverie died. She was buried at St Peter's Church, Britford [Map].

On 03 Jan 1759 John Buckworth 2nd Baronet (age 54) died without legitimate issue. He was buried at Eton College Chapel [Map]. His brother Everard Buckworth 3rd Baronet (age 54) succeeded 3rd Baronet Buckworth of Sheen in Surrey.

On 03 Jan 1819 Frances Thomasina Lambart Countess Talbot (age 47) died. Monument at St Mary the Virgin Church, Ingestre [Map] to her and her son Walter who died young commissioned by her husband Charles Chetwynd-Talbot 2nd Earl Talbot (age 41).

On 03 Jan 1825 Annabella Smith-Powlett (age 70) died at Chislehurst, Kent.

On 03 Jan 1859 Heneage Finch 5th Earl Aylesford (age 72) died. His son Heneage Finch 6th Earl Aylesford (age 34) succeeded 6th Earl Aylesford.

On 03 Jan 1864 William Behnes (age 69) died in Middlesex Hospital, Fitzrovia having been found two days before unconscious in a gutter, with only three pence in his pocket.

On 03 Jan 1874 Sophia Coussmaker 22nd Baroness Clifford (age 82) died. Her son Edward Southwell Russell 23rd Baron de Clifford (age 50) succeeded 23rd Baron de Clifford.

On 03 Jan 1894 Hungerford Crewe 3rd Baron Crewe (age 81) died of influenza unmarried. Baron Crewe of Crewe in Cheshire extinct. His estates were inherited by his nephew Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe Milnes 1st Marquess of Crewe (age 35) who adopted the additional surname Crewe.

On 03 Jan 1904 Emily Louise Shepherd Countess Belmore (age 89) died.

On 03 Jan 1906 George Croxton-Shiffner 4th Baronet (age 86) died. His son John Shiffner 5th Baronet (age 48) succeeded 5th Baronet Shiffner of Coombe in Sussex.

On 03 Jan 1950 William Walter Carlile 1st Baronet (age 87) died.

On 03 Jan 1981 Princess Alice Countess Athlone (age 97) died.

On 03 Jan 1982 Edward Russell 26th Baron de Clifford (age 74) died. His son John Russell 27th Baron de Clifford (age 53) succeeded 27th Baron de Clifford.

On 03 Jan 1994 Katharine Tennant Baroness Elliot of Harwood (age 90) died. Baron Elliot of Harwood of Rulewater in Roxburghshire extinct since it had been created as a life peerage only.

On 03 Jan 1995 Francis Williams 8th Baronet (age 89) died. His brother Lawrence Williams 9th Baronet (age 65) succeeded 9th Baronet Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire.