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On this Day in History ... 5th March

05 Mar is in March.

1039 Battle of Rhyd y Groes

1295 Battle of Maes Moydog

1517 Sweating Sickness Outbreak

1580 Earldoms of Lennox and March Swapped

1601 Essex Rebellion

1694 Death and Funeral of Queen Mary II

1770 Boston Massacre

1811 Battle of Barrosa

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 5th March

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. On or before 05 Mar 1039. This year happened the terrible wind; and Bishop Britmar died at Lichfield [Map].

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 05 Mar 1039. The Welsh slew Edwin, brother of Earl Leofric, and Thurkil, and Elfget, and many good men with them.

05 Mar 1039 at the battle of Battle of Rhyd y groes Edwine Mercia was killed by the Welsh.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1052. This year, on the second day before the nones of March, died the aged Lady Elfgiva Emma (age 67), the mother of King Edward (age 49) and of King Hardacnute, the relict of King Ethelred and of King Knute; and her body lies in the old minster with King Knute.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1052. In the same year advised the king and his council, that ships should be sent out to Sandwich, Kent [Map], and that Earl Ralph and Earl Odda (age 59) should be appointed headmen thereto. Then went Earl Godwin (age 51) out from Bruges [Map] with his ships to Ysendyck; and sailed forth one day before midsummer-eve, till he came to the Ness that is to the south of Romney. When it came to the knowledge of the earls out at Sandwich, Kent [Map], they went out after the other ships; and a land-force was also ordered out against the ships. Meanwhile Earl Godwin had warning, and betook himself into Pevensey [Map]: and the weather was so boisterous, that the earls could not learn what had become of Earl Godwin. But Earl Godwin then went out again until he came back to Bruges [Map]; and the other ships returned back again to Sandwich, Kent [Map]. Then it was advised that the ships should go back again to London, and that other earls and other pilots should be appointed over them. But it was delayed so long that the marine army all deserted; and they all betook themselves home. When Earl Godwin understood that, he drew up his sail and his ship: and they70 went west at once to the Isle of Wight [Map]; and landing there, they plundered so long that the people gave them as much as they required of them. Then proceeded they westward until they came to Portland, where they landed and did as much harm as they could possibly do.

On 05 Mar 1133 King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England was born to Geoffrey Plantagenet Duke Normandy (age 19) and Empress Matilda (age 31) at Le Mans [Map]. He a grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

Annals of Worcester. 05 Mar 1295. Quinto die Martii Willelmus de Bello Campo (age 58) comes Warewik commisit bellum cum Wallensibus in loco quod dicitur lingua eorum Meismeidoc [Map]; et prostravit ex illis de nobilioribus septingentos viros præter submersos et letaliter vul neratos. Sed Madocus ap Lewelin eorum princeps cum dedecore vix evasit.

05 Mar 1295. On the fifth day of March, William de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, engaged in battle with the Welsh at a place called Meismeidoc [Map] in their language. He overcame seven hundred of them, besides those who were drowned and lethally wounded. However, Madoc ap Llywelyn, their disgraced prince, barely escaped.

On 05 Mar 1295 William Beauchamp 9th Earl Warwick (age 58) defeated the army of Madog ap Llywelyn during the Battle of Maes Moydog at Llanfair Caereinion, Montgomeryshire [Map]. English losses were around 100 dead, Welsh around 700.

On 05 Mar 1324 John Bruce was born to King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland (age 49) and Elizabeth Burgh Queen Consort Scotland (age 40) at Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline.

On 05 Mar 1324 King David II of Scotland was born to King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland (age 49) and Elizabeth Burgh Queen Consort Scotland (age 40) at Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline.

On 05 Mar 1326 Louis I King Hungary King Poland was born to Charles I King Hungary (age 38) and Elisabeth Unknown Queen Consort Hungary.

On 05 Mar 1329 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 22) and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre (age 17) were crowned joint King Navrarre at Pamplona [Map].

On 05 Mar 1370 Bishop Thomas de Brantingham was appointed Bishop of Exeter.

Letters and Papers 1518. 05 Mar 1518. Er. Ep. App. 263. 3993. ERASMUS to BOVILL.

Was glad that he escaped the detestable sickness. Congratulates Croke and the University. Is surprised that any should be found there to take the part of Faber. Would have acted otherwise had it been Standish and not Faber: "longo aliter belluam accepissem." Has completed the New Testament. Has received a letter from Grey, dated Paris. Begs his compliments to Vaughan, Humphrey, Brian, Watson and Gerard. Louvain, 5 March 1518.

Letters and Papers 1518. 05 Mar 1518. R. O. 3985. Pace (age 36) to WOLSEY.

Has heard from the Lord Steward that there is some doubt whether the King will return towards London: he has had no commandment as yet to make provision but by the ways specified "in such gists as he hath send unto your grace." He knows no reason why the King's mind is changed. Thinks the King must leave this for London, as they cannot abide here, and there is no horse meat at Woodstock. The King wishes to know from Wolsey whether any of the royal palaces near London are infected with the sickness. Abyndon, 5 March.

Hol., p. 1. Add.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 05 Mar 1556. The v day of Marche was the obseques of the bysshope of Peterborowth in Lynkolne shyre, [and] bered with a goodly hersse and armes and pensells; and with ij whyt branchys and viij dosen of stayffes, and with an harold of armes and v baners and a C. in blake gownes and cotes, and a gret meyne of pore men in gownes, and the morow masse, and after a grett dener der.

Note. P. 101. Funeral of bishop Chambers. "Anno 1555, the vij. daye of February, being fryday, died the reverend father in God Joh'n Chambre, late bishopp of Peterborough, betwene x and xj in the nyght, comitat. Northampt. in good and perfauct memory, levyng for his executors, Sir Thomas Tresham (age 56) knight, of Northamtonshire, Mr. Gryffyn the queenes attourney.

Mourners

Sir Thomas Tresham knyght, chief mourner

Sir William Fitzwilliam (age 29)

Thomas Cotton (age 74) esquier

Robert Wyngkfelde

John Fitzwilliam

Richard Wakerley

George Tresham

Banner berers

Thomas Hussey the baner of his armes

Joh'n Mountsteving the baner of the Trynytie

Joh'n Nauncycles the baner of our Lady

Robart Malorye the baner of St. Peter

Joh'n Mallorye the baner of St. John

The saide bishopp was buryed in the mynster in a chapell in the high quyer on the ryghte hande on thursdaye the vjth of Marche, according to the estate of a bisshoppe." (MS. I. 3, in Coll. Arm. fol. 100b.)

On 05 Mar 1574 Frederick IV Elector Palatine was born to Louis VI Elector Palatine (age 34).

On 05 Mar 1580 Robert Stewart 1st Earl Lennox 1st Earl March (age 58) resigned Earl Lennox. On the same day he was created 1st Earl March. Elizabeth Stewart Countess Arran Countess Lennox and March (age 31) by marriage Countess March.

On the same day Esme Stewart 1st Duke Lennox (age 38) was created 1st Earl Lennox by King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland (age 13) for being his favourite. Catherine Balsac Duchess Lennox by marriage Lord Aubigny.

On 05 Mar 1601 Charles Danvers (age 33) and Christopher Blount (age 36) stood trial for high treason for their part in the Essex Rebellion; both were found guilty.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 05 Mar 1663. Thence I went to see my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who I found very ill, and by his cold being several nights hindered from sleep, he is hardly able to open his eyes, and is very weak and sad upon it, which troubled me much. So after talking with Mr. Cooke, whom I found there, about his folly for looking and troubling me and other friends in getting him a place (that is, storekeeper of the Navy at Tangier [Map]) before there is any such thing, I returned to the Hall, and thence back with the two knights home again by coach, where I found Mr. Moore got abroad, and dined with me, which I was glad to see, he having not been able to go abroad a great while. Then came in Mr. Hawley and dined with us, and after dinner I left them, and to the office, where we sat late, and I do find that I shall meet with nothing to oppose my growing great in the office but Sir W. Pen (age 41), who is now well again, and comes into the office very brisk, and, I think, to get up his time that he has been out of the way by being mighty diligent at the office, which, I pray God, he may be, but I hope by mine to weary him out, for I am resolved to fall to business as hard as I can drive, God giving me health. At my office late, and so home to supper and to bed.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 05 Mar 1664. Up and to the office, where, though I had a great cold, I was forced to speak much upon a publique meeting of the East India Company, at our office; where our own company was full, and there was also my Lord George Barkeley (age 36), in behalfe of the company of merchants (I suppose he is on that company), who, hearing my name, took notice of me, and condoled my cozen Edward Pepys's death, not knowing whose son I was, nor did demand it of me. We broke up without coming to any conclusion, for want of my Lord Marlborough (age 46).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 05 Mar 1665. Lord's Day. Up, and Mr. Burston bringing me by order my Lord's plates, which he has been making this week. I did take coach and to my Lord Sandwich's (age 39) and dined with my Lord; it being the first time he hath dined at home since his coming from sea: and a pretty odd demand it was of my Lord to my Lady before me: "How do you, sweetheart? How have you done all this week?" himself taking notice of it to me, that he had hardly seen her the week before. At dinner he did use me with the greatest solemnity in the world, in carving for me, and nobody else, and calling often to my Lady to cut for me; and all the respect possible.

On 28 Dec 1694 Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland (age 32) died of smallpox shortly after midnight at Kensington Palace. Her body lay in state at the Banqueting House, Whitehall Palace [Map].

On 05 Mar 1695 she was buried in Westminster Abbey [Map]. Archbishop Thomas Tenison (age 58) preached the sermon.

She had reigned for five years. Her husband King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 44) continued to reign for a further eight years.

John Evelyn's Diary. 05 Mar 1695. I went to see the ceremony. Never was so universal a mourning; all the Parliament men had cloaks given them, and four hundred poor women; all the streets hung and the middle of the street boarded and covered with black cloth. There were all the nobility, mayor, aldermen, judges, etc.

On 05 Mar 1706 Henry Newport 3rd Earl Bradford (age 23) was elected MP Bishop's Castle.

On 05 Mar 1719 Adrian Scrope (age 7) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

Adrian Scrope: On 20 May 1711 he was born to Gervase Scrope of Cockeringham and Elizabeth Cresswell.

On 05 Mar 1737 Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia (age 35) and Elisabeth Therese Lorraine Queen Consort Sardinia (age 25) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Sardinia. She the daughter of Leopold Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine (age 60). He the son of Victor Amadeus King Sardinia and Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia. They were half first cousins. He a great grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

On 05 Mar 1770 the Boston Massacre aka Incident on King Street describes an event in which nine British soldiers shot several of a crowd of three or four hundred who were harassing them verbally and throwing various projectiles. The gunfire instantly killed three people and wounded eight others, two of whom later died of their wounds. Eight soldiers, one officer, and four civilians were arrested and charged with murder, and they were defended by future U.S. president John Adams. Six of the soldiers were acquitted; the other two were convicted of manslaughter and given reduced sentences. The two found guilty of manslaughter were sentenced to branding on their hand.

On 05 Mar 1811 the Battle of Barrosa aka Chichlana was fought. During the battle, a single British division defeated two French divisions and captured a regimental eagle.

Hugh Gough 1st Viscount Gough (age 31) fought.

Births on the 5th March

On 05 Mar 1133 King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England was born to Geoffrey Plantagenet Duke Normandy (age 19) and Empress Matilda (age 31) at Le Mans [Map]. He a grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 05 Mar 1324 King David II of Scotland was born to King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland (age 49) and Elizabeth Burgh Queen Consort Scotland (age 40) at Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline.

On 05 Mar 1324 John Bruce was born to King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland (age 49) and Elizabeth Burgh Queen Consort Scotland (age 40) at Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline.

On 05 Mar 1326 Louis I King Hungary King Poland was born to Charles I King Hungary (age 38) and Elisabeth Unknown Queen Consort Hungary.

On 05 Mar 1574 Frederick IV Elector Palatine was born to Louis VI Elector Palatine (age 34).

On 05 Mar 1629 Philip Howard was born to Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire (age 41) and Elizabeth Cecil Countess Berkshire (age 33).

On 05 Mar 1655 James Reade 2nd Baronet was born to John Reade 1st Baronet (age 39) and Susanna Style Lady Reade. He was baptised on 10 Mar 1655 at St Elthreda's Church, Bishop's Hatfield.

On 05 Mar 1696 Giovanni Battista Tiepolo was born.

Around 05 Mar 1700 Alicia Molyneux Lady Wolseley was born to Thomas Molyneux 1st Baronet (age 38) and Catherine Howard.

On 27 Feb 1705 Christian Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg (age 28) and Magdalena Augusta Anhalt Zerbst Anhaltzerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg at Gotha. He died of smallpox on 05 Mar 1705 at Gotha.

On 05 Mar 1711 Carl Gustaf Pilo was born.

On 05 Mar 1713 James Hervey was born to John Hervey 1st Earl Bristol (age 47) and Elizabeth Felton Countess Bristol (age 36).

On 05 Mar 1763 Thomas Whichcote 5th Baronet was born to Christopher Whichcote 4th Baronet (age 25).

On 05 Mar 1787 Mary Montgomerie Lady Lamb was born to Archibald Montgomerie 11th Earl Eglinton (age 60) and Frances Twysden (age 24).

On 05 Mar 1801 Henry Dymoke 1st Baronet was born to Reverend John Dymoke (age 37).

On 05 Mar 1825 Blanche Mary Harriet Gascoyne-Cecil was born to James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil 2nd Marquess Salisbury (age 33) and Frances Mary Gascoyne Marchioness Salisbury (age 19).

On 05 Mar 1827 Louisa Caroline Stewart Baroness Ashburton was born to James Alexander Stewart (age 42) in Seaforth Lodge, Stornaway, Isle of Lewis.

On 05 Mar 1835 Captain Augustus Henry Archibald Anson VC was born to Thomas William Anson 1st Earl Lichfield (age 39) and Louisa Barbara Catherine Phillips Countess Lichfield (age 35).

On 05 Mar 1847 Robert Bermingham Clements 4th Earl of Leitrim was born to Francis Nathaniel Clements (age 35).

On 05 Mar 1847 Charles Gordon 11th Marquess Huntly was born to Charles Gordon 10th Marquess Huntly (age 55) and Maria Antoinetta Pegus Marchioness Huntly (age 26).

On 05 Mar 1873 James Dutton 6th Baron Sherborne was born to Charles Dutton (age 30) at Fatchgarn.

On 05 Mar 1886 Florence Wilhelmina Lidiard "Kitty" Apps Lady Blake was born.

On 05 Mar 1906 Katherine "Kitty" Kinloch Baroness Brownlow was born to Brigadier David Alexander Kinloch 11th Baronet (age 50).

On 05 Mar 1955 William Cooper 6th Baronet was born to Charles Cooper 5th Baronet (age 48).

Marriages on the 5th March

Before 05 Mar 1451 William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke (age 28) and Anne Devereux (age 21) were married.

On 05 Mar 1599 Roger Manners 5th Earl of Rutland (age 22) and Elizabeth Sidney Countess Rutland (age 14) were married. She by marriage Countess of Rutland. Childless, unhappy and possibly not consummated. She the daughter of Philip Sidney and Frances Walsingham Countess Essex (age 32). He the son of John Manners 4th Earl of Rutland and Elizabeth Charlton Countess Rutland.

Before 05 Mar 1607 Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan (age 24) and Mary Tresham Countess Cardigan were married.

On 05 Mar 1737 Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia (age 35) and Elisabeth Therese Lorraine Queen Consort Sardinia (age 25) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Sardinia. She the daughter of Leopold Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine (age 60). He the son of Victor Amadeus King Sardinia and Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia. They were half first cousins. He a great grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

On 05 Mar 1740 Thomas Pakenham 1st Baron Longford (age 26) and Elizabeth Cuffe 1st Countess Longford (age 20) were married.

On 05 Mar 1752 George Coventry 6th Earl Coventry (age 29) and Maria Gunning Countess Coventry (age 19) were married. She by marriage Countess Coventry. He the son of William Coventry 5th Earl Coventry.

On 05 Mar 1818 George Bridgeman 2nd Earl Bradford (age 28) and Georgina Elizabeth Moncrieffe Countess Bradford (age 27) were married. He the son of Orlando Bridgeman 1st Earl Bradford (age 55) and Lucy Elizabeth Byng Countess Bradford (age 51).

On 05 Mar 1887 William Frend De Morgan (age 47) and Evelyn de Morgan aka Mary Evelyn Pickering (age 31) were married.

Deaths on the 5th March

On 05 Mar 1473 Jean V Count Armagnac (age 53) died. His brother Charles Armagnac I Count Armagnac (age 48) succeeded I Count Armagnac.

On 05 Mar 1588 Henri Bourbon Condé Prince Condé (age 35) died.

On 05 Mar 1664 Wentworth Fitzgerald 17th Earl of Kildare (age 30) died. His son John Fitzgerald 18th Earl of Kildare (age 3) succeeded 18th Earl Kildare.

On 28 Dec 1694 Mary Stewart II Queen England Scotland and Ireland (age 32) died of smallpox shortly after midnight at Kensington Palace. Her body lay in state at the Banqueting House, Whitehall Palace [Map].

On 05 Mar 1695 she was buried in Westminster Abbey [Map]. Archbishop Thomas Tenison (age 58) preached the sermon.

She had reigned for five years. Her husband King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 44) continued to reign for a further eight years.

On 05 Mar 1701 Richard Coote 1st Earl Bellomont (age 65) died. His son Nanfan Coote 2nd Earl Bellomont (age 20) succeeded 2nd Earl Bellomont.

On 05 Mar 1710 John Holt (age 67) died. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Redgrave. His grey and white marble monument, with some gilt, and was made by Thomas Green of Camberwell (age 51). In the centre of the monument is the seated effigy of a judge, flanked by statues representing personifications of Justice and Vigilance, all contained in an elaborately carved aedicule.

On 05 Mar 1737 Justinian Isham 5th Baronet (age 49) died without issue. His brother Edmund Isham 6th Baronet (age 46) succeeded 6th Baronet Isham of Lamport in Northamptonshire.

On 05 Mar 1795 Patrick Bellew 5th Baronet (age 60) died. His son Edward Bellew 6th Baronet (age 35) succeeded 6th Baronet Bellew of Barmeath in Louth.

On 05 Mar 1813 Anne Frankland Countess Chichester (age 78) died.

On 05 Mar 1813 Henry Vavasour 1st Baronet (age 73) died. His son General Henry Maghull Mervin Vavasour 2nd Baronet (age 45) succeeded 2nd Baronet Vavasour of Spaldington.

On 05 Mar 1830 Augusta Murray Duchess Sussex (age 62) died at Ramsgate, Kent.

On 05 Mar 1879 William Worsley 1st Baronet (age 86) died. His son William Cayley Worsley 2nd Baronet (age 50) succeeded 2nd Baronet Worsley of Hovingham Hall.

On 05 Mar 1919 John Smythe 8th Baronet (age 91) died. His son Edward Walter Joseph Patrick Herbert Smythe 9th Baronet (age 49) succeeded 9th Baronet Smythe.