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On this Day in History ... 6th August

06 Aug is in August.

1307 Return of Piers Gaveston

1332 Battle of Wester Kinghorn

1385 Richard II Creates his Two Uncles as Dukes

1517 Sweating Sickness Outbreak

1528 Sweating Sickness Outbreak

1666 Great Plague of London

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 6th August

On 06 Aug 761 Oswine Aetheling was killed by Æthelwald Moll King of Northumbria.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 763. This year was the severe winter; and Mull, king of the Northumbrians, slew Oswin at Edwin's-Cliff, on the eighth day before the ides of August.

On 06 Aug 1162 Raymond Berenguer Barcelona V Count Barcelona (age 48) died. His son Alfonso II King Aragon (age 5) succeeded II Count Barcelona.

On 06 Aug 1223 King Louis VIII of France (age 35) and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 35) were crowned at Reims Cathedral.

On 06 Aug 1307 Piers Gaveston 1st Earl Cornwall (age 23) was created 1st Earl Cornwall by King Edward II of England (age 23) to the shock of the nobility; Earl Cornwall usually reserved for the heir. The earldom gave Gaveston substantial landholdings over great parts of England, to the value of £4,000 a year. These possessions consisted of most of Cornwall, as well as parts of Devonshire in the south-west, land in Berkshire and Oxfordshire centred on the honour of Wallingford, most of the eastern part of Lincolnshire, and the honour of Knaresborough in Yorkshire, with the territories that belonged to it.

Close Rolls Edward II 1307-1313. 06 Aug 1307 King Edward II (age 23). Dumfries [Map]. To the treasurer and the barons of the Exchequer. Order to discharge the Abbot of Hayles of £50 Yearly, which he used to pay for the town of Leechelade [Map] to the late Edmund Earl of Cornwall, and, after his death, to the late King, the king having granted the earldom of Cornwall and all the lands of the said Edmund to Peter de Gavaston (age 23), knight.

To the like favour of Michael de Meldon for 4 marks annually for his lands in Worton.

On 06 Aug 1332 a Scottish army led by Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife (age 44) and Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale unsuccessfully attempted to oppose the forces of King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) landing near Kinghorn, Fife at a skirmish known as the Battle of Wester Kinghorn. Alexander Seton the Younger (age 42) was killed.

On 06 Aug 1385 Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York (age 44) was created 1st Duke York by King Richard II of England (age 18). Isabella of Castile Duchess York (age 30) by marriage Duchess York.

Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester (age 30) was created 1st Duke Albemarle, and around the same time, 1st Duke Gloucester. Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester (age 19) by marriage Duchess Albemarle and Duchess Gloucester.

Letters and Papers 1517. 06 Aug 1517. Giust. Desp. II. 113. 3558. SEB. GIUSTINIAN to the DOGE.

The Catholic King is in Zealand, waiting to embark. Great cruelties have been committed by the Duke of Gueldres in the invasion of Friesland. As the King, in consequence of the new malady, had withdrawn himself to a distance, found great difficulty in speaking with him. "This disease makes very quick progress, proving fatal in twenty-four hours at the furthest, and many are carried off in four or five hours. The patients experience nothing but a profuse sweat, which dissolves the frame, and when once the twenty-four hours are passed all danger is at an end." Many of his own household are sick. Few strangers are dead, but an immense number of natives. Presented the King with the letters from the Signory and Hadrian, which last he "extracted from the packet addressed by his lordship to the Cardinal of York;" otherwise Wolsey would never have delivered it to his majesty. The King said he was perfectly acquainted with the business, and had heard from the Pope that he intended to deprive and degrade Hadrian. On Sebastian's endeavoring to excuse the Cardinal's absence from Rome, rather than incur danger, the King said: "I understand this matter better than you Venetians;" and seemed greatly exasperated against him. Thinks this is owing to Wolsey. Would have presented the letter to Wolsey, but he "has been ill of this sweating sickness, and would that the perspiration had carried off his wish for these benefices." Many of his household have died from the sweat.

Sebastian's son has returned from the Bp. of Winchester; his audience was delayed because this prelate likewise had taken the sweat. He had a gracious welcome by Fox, who represented the matter as desperate, saying: "We have to deal with the Cardinal, who is not Cardinal but King, and no one in the realm dares attempt aught in opposition to his interests." He was already in possession of the see, and Fox had resigned the administration of it. He said that one of the pontifical briefs greatly exaggerated Hadrian's crimes, and urged that the see of Bath should be given to Wolsey in commendam. But in the second brief the anger of the Pope was much softened, and he seemed to delay the execution of the former one. The second brief, however, is not to be found, and your highness will comprehend by whose means it has been secreted. The Bp. also wrote a letter to Chieregato, of which Sebastian encloses a copy. London, 6 Aug. 1517.

Letters and Papers 1528. 06 Aug 1528. R. O. 4610. Pasqual Spinula to Wolsey.

Was unwilling to wait upon him during the prevalence of the sickness, to explain to him the loss of his alum, which had been sequestrated and sold, and the papal briefs he has received on the subject. Now that matters are quiet, begs that Wolsey will take his case into consideration. London, 6 Aug. 1528. Signed.

P. 1. Add. Endd.

Diary of Edward VI. 06 Aug 1550. The duke of Somerset (age 50) departid to Reding to take an ordre there.

On 06 Aug 1561 John Knox (age 47) wrote to Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 27):

Grace from god the father throught our Lord Jesus with perpetuall Encrease of his holie spiritt.

May it please your majestie that it is heir [here] certainlie spoken that the Quen of Scotland traveleht [travails, or is attempting] earnestlie to have a treatiss intitilled the ferst blast of the trompett [con]futed by the censure of the learned in divers realmes, and father that she lauboreht to inflambe the hartes of princess against the writer And becaus that it may appear that your majestie hath interest, that she myndeht [mindeth] to travall with your grace, your graces counsall, and learned menn for Judgement against such a common enemey to womenn and to thare regiment. It were but foolishnes to me to prescribe unto your majestie what is to be donn in any thing, but especiallie in such thinges as men suppos do tuoch [touch] my self…'

John Evelyn's Diary. 06 Aug 1650. To Mr. Walker's (age 51), a good painter, who showed me an excellent copy of Titian.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 06 Aug 1666. Thence to Sir Ph. Warwicke (age 56) and my Lord Treasurer's (age 59), but failed in my business; so home and in Fenchurch-streete [Map] met with Mr. Battersby; says he, "Do you see Dan Rawlinson's (age 52) door shut up?" (which I did, and wondered). "Why", says he, "after all the sickness, and himself spending all the last year in the country, one of his men is now dead of the plague, and his wife and one of his mayds sicke, and himself shut up"; which troubles me mightily.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 06 Aug 1666. Up, and to the office a while, and then by water to my Baroness Montagu's (age 41), at Westminster, and there visited my Lord Hinchingbroke (age 18), newly come from Hinchingbroke [Map], and find him a mighty sober gentleman, to my great content.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 06 Aug 1667. Up, and to the office, where all the morning very full of business. A full Board. Here, talking of news, my Lord Anglesey (age 53) did tell us that the Dutch do make a further bogle with us about two or three things, which they will be satisfied in, he says, by us easily; but only in one, it seems, they do demand that we shall not interrupt their East Indiamen coming home, and of which they are in some fear; and we are full of hopes that we have 'light upon some of them, and carried them into Lisbon, by Harman (age 42); which God send! But they, which do shew the low esteem they have of us, have the confidence to demand that we shall have a cessation on our parts, and yet they at liberty to take what they will; which is such an affront, as another cannot be devised greater.

John Evelyn's Diary. 06 Aug 1674. I went to Groombridge, Kent [Map], to see my old friend, Mr. Packer (age 56); the house [Map] built within a moat, in a woody valley. The old house had been the place of confinement of the Duke of Orléans, taken by one Waller (whose house it then was) at the Battle of Agincourt, now demolished, and a new one built in its place, though a far better situation had been on the south of the wood, on a graceful ascent. At some small distance, is a large chapel, not long since built by Mr. Packer's father, on a vow he made to do it on the return of King Charles I out of Spain, 1625, and dedicated to St. Charles, but what saint there was then of that name I am to seek, for, being a Protestant, I conceive it was not Borromeo.

John Evelyn's Diary. 06 Aug 1698. I dined with Pepys (age 65), where was Captain Dampier (age 46), who had been a famous buccaneer, had brought hither the painted Prince Job, and printed a relation of his very strange adventure, and his observations. He was now going abroad again by the King's (age 47) encouragement, who furnished a ship of 290 tons. He seemed a more modest man than one would imagine by the relation of the crew he had assorted with. He brought a map of his observations of the course of the winds in the South Sea, and assured us that the maps hitherto extant were all false as to the Pacific Sea, which he makes on the south of the line, that on the north end running by the coast of Peru being extremely tempestuous.

On 06 Aug 1746 Christian VI King Denmark and Norway (age 46) died. His son Frederick V King Denmark and Norway (age 23) succeeded V King Denmark and Norway.

On 06 Aug 1775 Duke Louis Antoine of Angoulême was born to King Charles X of France (age 17) and Maria Teresa of Savoy (age 19). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.24%.

On 06 Aug 1844 Prince Alfred Windsor was born to Prince Albert Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 24) and Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (age 25) at Windsor Castle [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.16%.

On 06 Aug 1917 Gavin William Esmond Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound (age 22) was killed during the First World War.

06 Aug 1931. Church of the Holy Trinity Embleton [Map]. Memorials to members of the Wood, Wilson and Edwards families.

On 06 Aug 1944 Charles Oliver Edward Fitzroy (age 21) was killed in action during the invasion of Normandy.

Births on the 6th August

On 06 Aug 1584 Robert Pierrepont 1st Earl Kingston was born to Henry Pierrepont (age 38) and Frances Cavendish (age 36).

On 06 Aug 1591 Ann Kemp Lady Skipwith was born to Thomas Kempe (age 39).

On 06 Aug 1674 Jasper Cullum 4th Baronet was born to John Cullum (age 41).

On 06 Aug 1767 Richard White 1st Earl Bantry was born to Simon White.

On 06 Aug 1775 Duke Louis Antoine of Angoulême was born to King Charles X of France (age 17) and Maria Teresa of Savoy (age 19). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.24%.

On 06 Aug 1796 John Abbott 2nd Baron Tenterden was born to Charles Abbott 1st Baron Tenterden (age 33) and Mary Lamotte.

On 06 Aug 1807 Francis Jarvis Stapleton 7th Baronet was born to Thomas Stapleton 12th Baron Despencer (age 40) and Elizabeth Eliot Baroness Despencer (age 49).

On 06 Aug 1809 Alfred Tennyson 1st Baron Tennyson was born to George Clayton Tennyson (age 30) at Somersby.

On 06 Aug 1820 Henry Thompson 1st Baronet was born.

On 06 Aug 1844 Prince Alfred Windsor was born to Prince Albert Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 24) and Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (age 25) at Windsor Castle [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.16%.

On 06 Aug 1901 Thomas Burdett Money-Coutts 7th Baron Latymer was born to Hugh Burdett Money-Coutts 6th Baron Latymer (age 24) and Hester Frances Russell.

Marriages on the 6th August

On 06 Aug 1462 William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 24) and Joan Stafford Viscountess Beaumont (age 20) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Beaumont. She the daughter of Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham and Anne Neville Duchess Buckingham (age 54). He the son of John Beaumont 1st Viscount Beaumont and Katherine Neville Duchess Norfolk (age 62). They were first cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Before 06 Aug 1666 William Wheler 1st Baronet (age 55) and Elizabeth Cole Lady Wheler were married. She was a laundress to King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.

On 06 Aug 1695 William Ramsden 2nd Baronet (age 23) and Elizabeth Lowther Lady Ramsden (age 18) were married. She by marriage Lady Ramsden of Byram in Yorkshire.

Before 06 Aug 1726 Charles Adams 4th Baronet (age 66) and Frances Rolle were married.

Before 06 Aug 1730 Bishop Thomas Vesey 1st Baronet (age 62) and Mary Muschamp (age 55) were married. They were first cousins.

On 06 Aug 1730 John Thorold 8th Baronet (age 27) and Elizabeth Ayton Lady Thorold were married.

On 06 Aug 1751 Arthur Brooke 1st Baronet (age 25) and Margaret Fortescue (age 23) were married.

On 06 Aug 1789 Richard Cavendish 2nd Baron Waterpark (age 24) and Juliana Cooper Baroness Waterpark (age 22) were married. They had nine children.

On 06 Aug 1851 Henry Edwyn Chandos Scudamore Stanhope 9th Earl of Chesterfield (age 30) and Dorothea Hay Countess Chesterfield (age 23) were married at St John's Church Edinburgh.

On 06 Aug 1902 Oswald Partington 2nd Baron Doverdale (age 30) and Clara Isabel Murray Baroness Doverdale (age 21) were married.

Deaths on the 6th August

On 06 Aug 761 Oswine Aetheling was killed by Æthelwald Moll King of Northumbria.

On 06 Aug 1027 Richard Normandy III Duke Normandy (age 25) died. His brother Robert "Magnificent" Normandy I Duke Normandy (age 27) succeeded I Duke Normandy.

On 06 Aug 1162 Raymond Berenguer Barcelona V Count Barcelona (age 48) died. His son Alfonso II King Aragon (age 5) succeeded II Count Barcelona.

On 06 Aug 1254 or 09 Aug 1254 Bishop Hugh of Northwold died. He was buried at Ely Cathedral [Map].

On 06 Aug 1270 David Strathbogie 8th Earl Atholl died at Tunis [Map]. His son John Strathbogie 9th Earl Atholl (age 4) succeeded 9th Earl Atholl.

On 06 Aug 1316 William Ros 1st Baron Ros Helmsley (age 61) died. He was buried at Kirkham Priory North Yorkshire [Map]. His son William Ros 2nd Baron Ros Helmsley (age 31) succeeded 2nd Baron Ros Helmsley and inherited Belvoir Castle [Map].

On 06 Aug 1332 a Scottish army led by Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife (age 44) and Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale unsuccessfully attempted to oppose the forces of King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) landing near Kinghorn, Fife at a skirmish known as the Battle of Wester Kinghorn. Alexander Seton the Younger (age 42) was killed.

On 06 Aug 1393 John Ros 5th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 24) died at Paphos returning from Pilgrimage. He was buried at Rievaulx Abbey [Map]. His brother William Ros 6th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 23) succeeded 6th Baron Ros Helmsley and inherited Belvoir Castle [Map].

On 06 Aug 1451 Elizabeth Bassett Baroness Grey Codnor (age 79) died.

On 06 Aug 1638 James Stewart 3rd Earl of Moray (age 47) died. His son James Stewart 4th Earl of Moray (age 27) succeeded 4th Earl Moray.

On 06 Aug 1660 Diego Velázquez (age 61) died.

On 06 Aug 1666 William Wheler 1st Baronet (age 55) died. He was buried at All Saints Church, Derby [Map]. His half first cousin Charles Wheler 2nd Baronet (age 46) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wheler of the City of Westminster. Dorothy Bindlosse Lady Wheler (age 40) by marriage Lady Wheler of the City of Westminster.

On 06 Aug 1669 Louis Bourbon Vendôme 2nd Duke Vendôme (age 56) died. His son Louis Joseph Bourbon Vendôme 3rd Duke Vendôme (age 15) succeeded 3rd Duke Vendôme.

On or before 06 Aug 1689 Elizabeth Isham Lady Strange (age 36) died. She was buried 06 Aug 1689.

On 06 Aug 1692 John Carew 3rd Baronet (age 56) died. His son Richard Carew 4th Baronet (age 9) succeeded 4th Baronet Carew of Antony in Cornwall.

On 06 Aug 1726 Charles Adams 4th Baronet (age 66) died without male issue. His brother Robert Adams 5th Baronet (age 65) succeeded 5th Baronet Adams of London.

On 06 Aug 1727 John Curzon 3rd Baronet (age 53) died having been thrown from his horse whilst hunting. His brother Nathaniel Curzon 4th Baronet (age 51) succeeded 4th Baronet Curzon of Kedleston in Derbyshire. Mary Assheton Baroness Curzon (age 33) by marriage Lady Curzon of Kedleston in Derbyshire.

On 06 Aug 1730 Bishop Thomas Vesey 1st Baronet (age 62) died. He was buried at St Anne's Church, Dublin. His son John Vesey 1st Baron Knapton succeeded 2nd Baronet Vesey of Abbeyleix.

On 06 Aug 1746 Christian VI King Denmark and Norway (age 46) died. His son Frederick V King Denmark and Norway (age 23) succeeded V King Denmark and Norway.

On 06 Aug 1754 John Wodehouse 4th Baronet (age 85) died. His son Armine Wodehouse 5th Baronet (age 40) succeeded 5th Baronet Woodhouse of Wilberhall. Letitia Bacon Lady Woodhouse (age 39) by marriage Lady Woodhouse of Wilberhall.

On 06 Aug 1837 Harriet Mellon Duchess St Albans (age 59) died. Her step-grand-daughter Angela Burdett-Coutts 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts (age 23) inherited the Coutts fortune of around £1.8 million (equivalent to £170,000,000 in 2021).

On 06 Aug 1858 Archibald William Douglas 8th Marquess Queensberry (age 40) died while hunting officially from the explosion of his gun however the event was widely believed to be a suicide.

On 06 Aug 1868 Arthur Hill 4th Marquess Downshire (age 56) died. His son Arthur Hill 5th Marquess Downshire (age 23) succeeded 5th Marquess Downshire.

On 06 Aug 1877 Edward Southwell Russell 23rd Baron de Clifford (age 53) died. His son Edward Southwell 24th Baron de Clifford (age 22) succeeded 24th Baron de Clifford.

On 06 Aug 1975 Alfonso Orléans Galliera Duke Galliera (age 88) died at Sanlúcar de Barrameda.

On 06 Aug 1975 Simon Elwes (age 73) died.