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On this Day in History ... 9th August

09 Aug is in August.

1517 Sweating Sickness Outbreak

1664 Battle of St Gothard

1666 Holme's Bonfire

1666 Great Plague of London

1902 Coronation of Edward VII

1945 Atomic Bomb Dropped on Nagasaki

1974 Resignation of President Nixon

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 9th August

On 09 Aug 1386 King Henry V of England was born to King Henry IV of England (age 19) and Mary Bohun (age 18) at Monmouth Castle [Map]. He was created Duke of Cornwall the same day. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.60%.

Letters and Papers 1517. 09 Aug 1517. R.O. 3572. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD to WOLSEY.

Yesterday the Cardinal of Arragon left Calais. He did not go, as Wingfield wrote in his last, to Cambray, to visit the King Catholic, but to Boulogne, thence of Rouen, and so to Spain, to wait the King's arrival, if he can go there this year. He told Wingfield he intended to return from Spain and cross to England. He was sorry it was not his fortune to visit the King at that time in consequence of the plague in London and other places, and left, at his going, a letter for Wolsey. He travels like a nobleman, and has forty horses with him. Yesterday se'nnight the King of France entered Rouen. Has sent a spy to see what he is doing, and return by the seacoast to find what ships are at Dieppe. Calais, 9 Aug. Signed.

Diary of Edward VI. 09 Aug 1550. The French embassadour came to Windsore to sue for a pasport for the douagier of Scotteland (age 34); wich being graunted, so she came like a frend, he required 300 hors to passe, with 200 kepers, wich was not holly graunted, but only 200 hors with 150 kepers in on(e) companie, cumming into this realme as shuld be apointed, shuld without let passe into Fraunce, and not returne this way.1

Note 1. This plan was reversed. The queen sailed from Edinburgh (to visit her daughter Mary queen of Scots (age 7), who was then in France,) on the 7th Sept. 1550, and landed at Dieppe on the 19th. On her return she came through England, landing at Portsmouth on the 2d Nov. 1551: under which date we shall meet her again.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 09 Aug 1553. The ix day of August cam the bysshope of Wyncheaster (age 70) owt of the Towre (conducted) by the yerle of Arundell (age 41) to ys owen parish of sant Mare Overeys [Map], and from thens with my lord of Arundell to dener to Bayth plasse.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 09 Aug 1561. The ix day of August the quen('s) (age 27) grace has commondyd that all chathredalles and coleges and studyans places that they shuld putt ther wyffes from them owt of the serkutt [circuit] of evere [every] colege.

On 09 Aug 1564 Anthony Mildmay (age 14), whilst being educated at Peterhouse College, Cambridge University [Map], delivered an oration to Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 30) with much success during her visit to the college.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Aug 1664. They gone I to my office, and there my head being a little troubled with the little wine I drank, though mixed with beer, but it may be a little more than I used to do, and yet I cannot say so, I went home and spent the afternoon with my wife talking, and then in the evening a little to my office, and so home to supper and to bed. This day comes the newes that the Emperour hath beat the Turke1 killed the Grand Vizier and several great Bassas, with an army of 80,000 men killed and routed; with some considerable loss of his own side, having lost three generals, and the French forces all cut off almost. Which is thought as good a service to the Emperour as beating the Turke almost, for had they conquered they would have been as troublesome to him2.

Note 1. This was the battle of St. Gothard, in which the Turks were defeated with great slaughter by the imperial forces under Montecuculli, assisted by the confederates from the Rhine, and by forty troops of French cavalry under Coligni. St. Gothard is in Hungary, on the river Raab, near the frontier of Styria; it is about one hundred and twenty miles south of Vienna, and thirty east of Gratz. The battle took place on the 9th Moharrem, A.H. 1075, or 23rd July, A.D. 1664 (old style), which is that used by Pepys. B.

Note 2. The fact is, the Germans were beaten by the Turks, and the French won the battle for them. B.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Aug 1666. In the evening to Lumbard-streete [Map] about money, to enable me to pay Sir G. Carteret's (age 56) £3000, which he hath lodged in my hands, in behalf of his son and my Lady Jemimah, toward their portion, which, I thank God, I am able to do at a minute's warning. In my [way] I inquired, and find Mrs. Rawlinson is dead of the sickness, and her mayde continues mighty ill. He himself is got out of the house. I met also with Mr. Evelyn (age 45) in the streete, who tells me the sad condition at this very day at Deptford, Kent [Map] for the plague, and more at Deale [Map] (within his precinct as one of the Commissioners for sick and wounded seamen), that the towne is almost quite depopulated.

On 09 Aug 1666 and 10 Aug 1666 Holme's Bonfire was an attack by the English fleet commanded by Admiral Robert Holmes (age 44) on a Dutch merchant fleet of 140 ships at the Vlie estuary. The town of West-Terschelling was burnt down.

John Evelyn's Diary. 09 Aug 1675. Dr. Sprat (age 40), prebend of Westminster, and Chaplain to the Duke of Buckingham (age 47), preached on the 3d Epistle of Jude, showing what the primitive faith was, how near it and how excellent that of the Church of England, also the danger of departing from it.

John Evelyn's Diary. 09 Aug 1677. Dined at the Earl of Peterborough's (age 55) the day after the marriage of my Lord of Arundel (age 22) to Lady Mary Mordaunt (age 18), daughter of the Earl of Peterborough.

On 09 Aug 1722 Augustus William Hohenzollern was born to Frederick William "Soldier King" I King Prussia (age 33) and Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort Prussia (age 35). He a grandson of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.31%.

Greville Memoirs. 09 Aug 1831. Nothing remarkable in the House of Commons but Lord John Russell's (age 38) declaration that 'this Bill would not be final if it was not found to work as well as the people desired,' which is sufficiently impudent considering that hitherto they have always pretended that it was to be final, and that it was made so comprehensive only that it might be so; this has been one of their grand arguments, and now we are never to sit down and rest, but go on changing till we get a good fit, and that for a country which will have been made so fidgety that it won't stand still to be measured. Hardinge, whom I found at dinner at the Athenæum yesterday, told me he was convinced that a revolution in this country was inevitable; and such is the opinion of others who support this Bill, not because they think concession will avert it, but will let it come more gradually and with less violence. I have always been convinced that the country was in no danger of revolutiorobberies n, and still believe that if one does come it will be from the passing of this Bill, which will introduce the principle of change and whet the appetites of those who never will be satisfied with any existing order of things; or if it follows on the rejection of this Bill, which I doubt, it will be owing to the concentration of all the forces that are opposed to our present institutions, and the divisions, jealousies, rivalships, and consequent weakness of all those who ought to defend them. God only knows how it will all end. There has been but one man for many years past able to arrest this torrent, and that was Canning; and him the Tories—idiots that they were, and never discovering that he was their best friend—hunted to death with their besotted and ignorant hostility.

On 09 Aug 1902 Winifred Anna Dallas Yorke Duchess Portland (age 38) served as a canopy bearer to Alexandra Glücksburg Queen Consort England (age 57) at the Coronation of Edward VII.

On 09 Aug 1914 Alastair Windsor 2nd Duke Connaught and Strathearn was born to Prince Arthur of Connaught (age 31) and Princess Alexandra Duff Duchess Fife (age 23) at 54 Mount Street Grosvenor Square. He was baptised on 01 Sep 1914 at his parent's home. His godparents were his maternal great-uncle King George V of the United Kingdom (age 49), Alfonso XIII King Spain (age 28), his maternal great-grandmother Alexandra Glücksburg Queen Consort England (age 69), his grandfather Prince Arthur Windsor 1st Duke Connaught and Strathearn (age 64), his great-aunt Princess Louise Caroline Alberta Windsor Duchess Argyll (age 66) and his cousin Princess Mary Windsor Countess Harewood (age 17). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.87%.

On 09 Aug 1915 Gerald Legge (age 33) was killed in action whilst serving with the 7th Bn. South Staffordshire Regiment at Suvla Bay.

On 09 Aug 1945 the United States Army Air Forces B-29 bomber "Bockscar" dropped the atomic bomb "Fat Man" on the Japanese city of Nagasaki instantly killing around 35,000 people, and injuring around 60,000.

On 08 Aug 1974 American President Richard Nixon made a televised speech to the American people announcing his decision to resign the following day as a consequence of the "long and difficult period of Watergate".

On 09 Aug 1974 Preseident Nixon sent his resignation letter to Secretary of State Henry Kissinger; he remains the only American president to resign from office.

Births on the 9th August

On 09 Aug 1298 Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk was born to Robert Ufford 1st Baron Ufford (age 19) and Cecily Valoignes Baroness Ufford (age 14).

On 09 Aug 1303 Joan Verdun Baroness Furnivall was born to Theobald Verdun 2nd Lord Verdun (age 24) and Maud Mortimer Lady Verdun (age 17) at Wooton, Stanton Lacy. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.90%.

On 09 Aug 1386 King Henry V of England was born to King Henry IV of England (age 19) and Mary Bohun (age 18) at Monmouth Castle [Map]. He was created Duke of Cornwall the same day. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.60%.

On 09 Aug 1631 John Dryden was born to Erasmus Dryden (age 45) and Mary Pickering (age 39) in The Rectory, Aldwincle. Some sources describe his birth as being the 19th of August in the New Style i.e. Gregorian Calendar adopted more than a hundred years alter in 1752?

On 09 Aug 1657 Pierre Etienne Monnot was born in Orchamps Vennes.

On 09 Aug 1667 John Bridgeman 3rd Baronet was born to John Bridgeman 2nd Baronet (age 35).

On 09 Aug 1693 Sophia Wilhelmina Saxe Coburg Saalfeld was born to John Ernest Saxe Coburg Saalfeld IV Duke Saxe Coburg Saalfeld (age 34) and Charlotte Johanna Waldeck Wildungen Duchess Saxe Coburg Saalfeld at Saalfield.

On 09 Aug 1722 Augustus William Hohenzollern was born to Frederick William "Soldier King" I King Prussia (age 33) and Sophia Dorothea Hanover Queen Consort Prussia (age 35). He a grandson of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.31%.

On or before 09 Aug 1726 Isabella Fitzroy Countess Hertford was born to Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton (age 42) and Henrietta Somerset Duchess Grafton (age 35). He mother died on 09 Aug 1726. She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 09 Aug 1747 Henry Thomas Fox-Strangways 2nd Earl of Ilchester was born to Stephen Fox-Strangways 1st Earl of Ilchester (age 42) and Elizabeth Strangways-Horner Countess Ilchester (age 25).

On 09 Aug 1757 Francis Basset 1st Baron Dunstanville and Basset Stratton was born.

On 09 Aug 1767 Charles Callis Western 1st Baron Western was born.

On 09 Aug 1767 Thomas Cholmondeley 1st Baron Delamere was born to Thomas Cholmondeley (age 41).

On 09 Aug 1776 George Augustus Clavering-Cowper 4th Earl Cowper was born to George Nassau Clavering-Cowper 3rd Earl Cowper (age 37) and Hannah Anna Gore 3rd Countess Cowper.

On 09 Aug 1794 Beaumont Hotham 3rd Baron Hotham was born to Beaumont Hotham (age 25).

On 09 Aug 1805 John Robert Townshend 1st Earl Sydney was born to John Townshend 2nd Viscount Sydney (age 41) and Caroline Elizabeth Letitia Clements Viscountess Sydney (age 40).

On 09 Aug 1815 Edmund Roche 1st Baron Fermoy was born to Edward Roche (age 44).

On 09 Aug 1828 Henry St John Halford 3rd Baronet was born to Henry Halford 2nd Baronet (age 31) and Barbara Vaughan. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 09 Aug 1830 Frederick Ellis 7th Baron Howard de Walden 3rd Baron Seaford was born to Charles Ellis 6th Baron Howard de Walden 2nd Baron Seaford (age 31) and Lucy Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck (age 22). He was educated at Eton College [Map] and Trinity College, Cambridge University [Map].

On 09 Aug 1844 Wyndham Knatchbull 12th Baronet was born to Norton Joseph Knatchbull 10th Baronet (age 36) and Mary Watts-Russell.

On 09 Aug 1846 Georgina Moncrieffe Countess Dudley was born to Thomas Moncrieffe 7th Baronet (age 24) and Louisa Hay-Drummond Lady Moncrieffe.

On 09 Aug 1863 Henry Fitzgerald was born to Charles William Fitzgerald Fitzgerald 4th Duke Leinster (age 44) and Caroline Leveson-Gower Duchess Leinster (age 36) at Kilkea Castle, Castledermot, County Kildare.

On 09 Aug 1866 Emil Fuchs was born in Vienna [Map].

On 09 Aug 1884 Edwyn Clement Hoskyns 13th Baronet was born to Edwyn Hoskyns 12th Baronet (age 33).

On 09 Aug 1914 Alastair Windsor 2nd Duke Connaught and Strathearn was born to Prince Arthur of Connaught (age 31) and Princess Alexandra Duff Duchess Fife (age 23) at 54 Mount Street Grosvenor Square. He was baptised on 01 Sep 1914 at his parent's home. His godparents were his maternal great-uncle King George V of the United Kingdom (age 49), Alfonso XIII King Spain (age 28), his maternal great-grandmother Alexandra Glücksburg Queen Consort England (age 69), his grandfather Prince Arthur Windsor 1st Duke Connaught and Strathearn (age 64), his great-aunt Princess Louise Caroline Alberta Windsor Duchess Argyll (age 66) and his cousin Princess Mary Windsor Countess Harewood (age 17). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.87%.

Marriages on the 9th August

Before 09 Aug 1404 William Willoughby 5th Baron Willoughby (age 34) and Joan Holland Duchess York (age 24) were married. She by marriage Baroness Willoughby de Eresby. She the daughter of Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent (age 54). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

On 09 Aug 1731 Charles Eversfield (age 47) and Henrietta Scarborough Lady Jenkinson (age 36) were married. She the widow of Robert Jenkinson 3rd Baronet.

On 09 Aug 1749 Charles Dormer 8th Baron Dormer (age 24) and Mary Talbot were married.

On 09 Aug 1783 Archibald Montgomerie 11th Earl Eglinton (age 57) and Frances Twysden (age 20) were married. The difference in their ages was 36 years. He the son of Alexander Montgomerie 9th Earl Eglinton and Susanna Kennedy Countess Winton.

Before 09 Aug 1828 Henry Halford 2nd Baronet (age 31) and Barbara Vaughan were married. They were half first cousins.

On 09 Aug 1832 Joseph Copley 3rd Baronet (age 63) and Cecil Hamilton Marchioness Abercorn were married. She by marriage Lady Copley Sprotborough. He was the younger brother of her first husband's [John Hamilton 1st Marquess Abercorn] first wife Catherine Moyle Marchioness Abercorn.

On 09 Aug 1832 Henry George Grey 3rd Earl Grey (age 29) and Maria Copley 3rd Countess Grey (age 33) were married. She the daughter of Joseph Copley 3rd Baronet (age 63) and Cecil Hamilton Marchioness Abercorn. He the son of Charles Grey 2nd Earl Grey (age 68) and Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby Countess Grey (age 56).

On 09 Aug 1862 Seymour Egerton 4th Earl Wilton (age 23) and Laura Caroline Russell Countess Wilton (age 20) were married. He the son of Thomas Grosvenor 2nd Earl Wilton (age 62) and Mary Smith-Stanley Countess Wilton. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 09 Aug 1947 Charles Hedworth Mills 4th Baron Hillingdon (age 25) and Sarah Gray Stuart (age 18) were married. She the daughter of Francis Douglas Stuart 18th Earl of Moray.

Deaths on the 9th August

On 09 Aug 1078 Peter Savoy I Count Savoy (age 30) died. His brother Amadeus Savoy II Count Savoy (age 28) succeeded II Count Savoy.

On 09 Aug 1211 William de Braose 4th Baron Bramber (age 67) died at France. His son Bishop Giles de Braose 7th Baron Braose 5th Baron Bramber de jure 7th Baron Bergavenny Feudal Creation, 5th Baron Bramber Feudal. He died before he could take possession of his lands.

On 06 Aug 1254 or 09 Aug 1254 Bishop Hugh of Northwold died. He was buried at Ely Cathedral [Map].

Before 09 Aug 1422 Thomas Dunbar 2nd Earl of Moray (age 51) died. His son Thomas Dunbar 3rd Earl of Moray succeeded 3rd Earl Moray.

On 09 Aug 1613 William Russell 1st Baron Russell (age 53) died. His son Francis Russell 4th Earl Bedford (age 20) succeeded 2nd Baron Russell of Thornhaugh.

On 09 Aug 1699 Charles Carnegie 4th Earl Southesk (age 38) died. His son James Carnegie 5th Earl Southesk (age 7) succeeded 5th Earl Southesk.

On 09 Aug 1704 Ralph Cole 2nd Baronet (age 74) died. He was buried at St Brandon's Church, Brancepeth. His grandson Nicholas Cole 3rd Baronet (age 19) succeeded 3rd Baronet Cole of Brancepeth.

On 09 Aug 1716 Elizabeth Mordaunt Baroness Howard died.

On 09 Aug 1719 Charles Middleton 2nd Earl Middleton (age 69) died. He was buried at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines.

On 09 Aug 1726 Henrietta Somerset Duchess Grafton (age 35) died.

On 09 Aug 1805 Caroline Elizabeth Letitia Clements Viscountess Sydney (age 40) died.

On 09 Aug 1821 Sarah Delaval Countess Mexborough (age 79) died.

On 09 Aug 1833 Mary East Lady Clayton (age 67) died.

On 09 Aug 1847 John Delves Broughton 7th Baronet (age 78) died without issue. His brother Henry Delves Broughton 8th Baronet (age 70) succeeded 8th Baronet Broughton of Broughton in Staffordshire. Mary Pigott Lady Broughton (age 59) by marriage Lady Broughton of Broughton in Staffordshire.

On 09 Aug 1871 Elizabeth Lavinia Newman Countess Poulett died. Six weeks later he married his second wife Emma Sophia Johnson Countess Poulett.

On 09 Aug 1912 Joseph Cockfield Dimsdale 1st Baronet (age 63) died. His son John Holdsworth Dimsdale 2nd Baronet (age 38) succeeded 2nd Baronet Dimsdale of Goldsmiths, Langdon Hills in Essex.

On 09 Aug 1916 Victoria Noel Lady Buxton (age 77) died at North Lodge.

On 09 Aug 1974 Frederick John Wilcoxson (age 86) died.