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On this Day in History ... 9th January
09 Jan is in January.
On 09 Jan Horatio Corbin Walpole was born to Robert Walpole 5th Earl Orford.
Events on the 9th January
On 15 Aug 1369 Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 55) died at Windsor Castle [Map]. Her husband King Edward III of England (age 56) and youngest son Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester (age 14) were present. She was given a state funeral six months later on 09 Jan 1370 at which she was interred at on the northeast side of the Chapel of St Edward the Confessor, Westminster Abbey [Map]. Her alabaster effigy was executed by sculptor Jean de Liège.
On 09 Jan 1431 Joan of Arc (age 19) was tried at Rouen Castle [Map]. John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 41) and Henry Beauchamp 1st Duke Warwick (age 5) were present.
On 09 Jan 1450 Bishop Adam Moleyns was lynched by a mob of discontented unpaid soldiers who dragged him from the Royal Garrison Church, Portsmouth and executed him for being a supporter of William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) and for the losses in Normandy.
Calendar of State Papers of Milan 1461. 09 Jan 1461. Potenze Estere. Inghilterra. Milan Archives. 54. Antonio de la Torre to Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan1.
It is now many days since I was despatched on my way back with every commission fitting and favourable for public and private affairs. I am charged to make every demand by word of mouth and in such form that I am sure, when I arrive, your Excellency will see that they do not slumber here over the affairs of the Church or those of your Excellency or yet those of all Italy. Just as I was about to leave some very important events occurred, for which I stayed on for some days in order to see the end.
Some of the lords of the queen's party, rendered desperate by the victory of the lords here, and especially by the Earl of Warwick, assembled a force in the northern parts, eighty miles from London, to come and attack their opponents here who are with the king, and get back the king into their power, as they had him before. Accordingly the Duke of York, with two of his sons and Warwick's father, the Earl of Salisbury (Dariberi), went out to meet them [Battle of Wakefield]. And it came to pass that, although they were three times stronger (piu forti tretanti), yet from lack of discipline, because they allowed a large part of the force to go pillaging and searching for victuals, their adversaries, who are desperate, attacked the duke and his followers. Ultimately they routed them, slaying the duke and his younger son, the Earl of Rutland, Warwick's father and many others. This news caused great alarm in these parts, although it seems Warwick was not there. Nevertheless, owing to his singular valour and by his popularity with the people and because the king wishes him every good, he is making preparations with every encouragement. Although their taking so little account of the legation and of the things done up to the present by his Reverence the Legate has been the cause of this disaster, since the other side had put about the report that he was not a legate and the pope had recalled him and was displeased about the things which had happened through his efforts, and much more nonsense; nevertheless the people here, with their affection for the king and Warwick, hearing that the legate was present and remembering the advantage his presence was to them on the last occasion, all took heart and mustered gladly, so that they hope in a month or two to have more than 150,000 men in camp. The belief is that if peace does not ensue the consequent devastation will be worse than has been seen in this realm for a thousand years Should our legate escape, he may possibly put himself once more in the midst of these turmoils, though he has no cause to do so, unless the Curia makes other arrangements or treats him differently. I crave your pardon for saying so, but they do not seem to know him as your Excellency does. In the meantime, in the fulfilment of his duty and what pertains to his office of legate, he has written a letter to the opposite side, of which I enclose a copy for your lordship. He directed it to an Italian friar, one of his dependants, who is with them, so that it might be made public through his means. If the Church of Rome had only shown that it held these English affairs in greater account than it has done, repute would have upheld and increased the first victory.
This is now lost and confused merely by neglect and for the reason given above.
I shall set out as soon as possible, and in the meantime your Excellency should urge the Curia to make some further demonstration here and that soon, as if help is given even yet, things have been arranged, honourable and advantageous for the estate of the Church and in harmony with the wishes of his Holiness and of Italy, such as our days have never seen. But the legate being merely a poor bishop, makes our folk of the Court consider the great things done by him as dreams, despite all they have seen by experience, which ought to suffice to make them believe, but possibly envy has something to do with it, and when I was there I observed some signs of it. May God provide, who knows all!
London, the 9th of January.
Postscript.—This engagement took place on the last day but one of December near a castle called Pontefract [Map].
[Italian; copy.]
Note 1. Venetian Calendar, vol. i, No. 362.
Calendar of State Papers of Milan 1461. 09 Jan 1461. Potenze Estere. Inghilterra. Milan Archives. 53. Francesco Coppino, Bishop of Terni, Papal Legate, to Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan1.
I trust all will be remedied, though the perils are great, the Earl of Warwick being here with the king, who, together with the neighbouring population, is well disposed towards my intention. I have recommended them in the meanwhile not to give battle to desperate enemies, who are, moreover, strong in consequence of this victory, but to remain on the defensive until Easter. In the meantime I am, with the consent of the majority, negotiating an agreement by fair means; and my reputation must receive support from Rome, my legation and Warwick requiring nothing else. For its attainment letters and commissions have been drawn up here in conformity with my wishes, as you will learn from Messer Antonio. I shall have effected wonders if the affair succeed. A large army is now being formed, and after despatching these matters, which will occupy but few days, the king will advance, being guided by one who has the wish, the victory being recent, although he did not indicate this openly to me: it will suffice for the accomplishment of our affair.
London, the 9th January, 1461.
[Italian.]
Note 1. Venetian Calendar, vol. i. No. 361; written between the lines of the letter to the Duke, dated the 11th January (below), in the bishop's own hand and in sympathetic ink.
On 09 Jan 1499 John "Cicero" Hohenzollern Elector Brandenburg (age 43) died.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1513. 09 Jan 1513. Thomas Spinelly (age 41) to Lewis Maroton. Has received two letters, dated respectively 28th December and 3d January, expressing the impatience of the Emperor for the conclusion of the matter in treaty, with Madame, between himself and the King of England (age 21), who, he thinks, has cooled. If the Emperor had dealt earnestly, it had been accomplished long ago; and the continual diligence of the King's ambassadors for eight months proves the contrary. Reminds him how, at the outset, the King wrote with his own hand to the Emperor. On the arrival of the ambassadors at her Court, instead of a brief expedition of the business that had been promised, the Emperor, after some discussion, demanded 100,000 escus d'or, saying that the Pope and the King of Aragon (age 60) would give him as much,-a point that had never been mentioned before. And, although the treaty was for the interest of the Emperor and the King of Castile, as well as himself, the King, upon the declaration of Sir Thomas Boleyn (age 36), consented to let the Emperor have the 100,000 crowns. But before the conclusion of the negotiations the Emperor left, promising to send his daughter full powers and return in two months. The powers did not come till three months, and then clogged with new conditions, such as that the Prince and his subjects should remain neutral. Even to this the King assented, on certain conditions. Such conduct demands reciprocity on their part. Spinelly cannot believe what he is told, that over and above the sum already stipulated the Emperor will be so unreasonable as to demand more; and for his part he would not dare propose it. Begs him to obtain such a commission for Madame as may suffice to make an end without needing other ambassadors. Can think of no cause why the King has not advertised the Emperor of his wish for troops, unless it be that his ambassador, who is to return to him, will explain; and also he may think that what is said to the daughter is likewise said to the father. Malines, 9 Jan. 1512.
On 09 Jan 1514 Anne of Brittany Queen Consort France (age 36) died. She the last of the de Montfort family to hold the title (the Montfort family is a scion the Capet family; her father was descended from Louis VII King Franks. Claude Valois Orléans Queen Consort France (age 14) succeeded I Duchess Brittany. Claude and King Francis I of France (age 19) married after which the Duchy of Brittany and the Crown of France were combined.
Letters 1536. 09 Jan 1536. Add. MS. 28,588, f. 114. B. M. 60. Chapuys (age 46) to Ortiz.
Received on the 29th ult. the Emperor's letter of the 3rd ult., and with them, the [account of the] receptions given to the Emperor in Micina and Naples.
Hearing that the Queen was very ill, went to ask the King for leave to visit her, which he obtained, with some trouble. Set off as soon as possible. Found that the Queen had been troubled with vomiting and pain in the stomach for a week, being unable to eat or sleep, except so little that it might be called nothing. She was so wasted that she could not support herself either on her feet or sitting in bed. During four days that he was with her she got better, and seemed to be much comforted by his visit. She did not cease to tell him that he had served her well, and shown the affection for her service, which she knew that he felt. She desired him to return and solicit her removal, in which the physician concurred, thinking her out of danger for the time. Returned as she wished, and to-day news came to the King that on the third day after his departure she had a relapse and died in twelve hours, which was the day before yesterday, Friday the 7th, at 2 p.m. Feels it deeply, and hopes the same fate will not happen to the Princess. Will not now mention what her Highness said, and her last wishes. Refers to his letter to Cifuentes. London, 9 Jan. 1536. Sp., pp. 3. Modern copy.
Letters 1536. 09 Jan 1536. Vienna Archives. 59. Chapuys (age 46) to Charles V.
Just after having finished my last letter of 30 Dec. I mounted horse to go with all possible haste "selon la grande compagnie que menvoie" to see the Queen (deceased). On my arrival she called roe at once, and that it might not be supposed her sickness was feigned and also because there was a friend of Cromwell's whom the King had sent to accompany me, or rather to spy and note all that was said and done, the Queen thought best, with my consent, that my conductor and the principal persons of the house, such as the chamberlain and steward, who had not seen her for more than a year, and several others, should be at our first interview. After I had kissed hands she took occasion to thank me for the numerous services I had done her hitherto and the trouble I had taken to come and see her, a thing that she had very ardently desired, thinking that my coming would be salutary for her, and, at all events, if it pleased God to take her, it would be a consolation to her to die under my guidance (entre mes braz) and not unprepared, like a beast. I gave her every hope, both of her health and otherwise, informing her of the offers the King had made me of what houses she would, and to cause her to be paid the remainder of certain arrears, adding, for her further consolation, that the King was very sorry for her illness; and on this I begged her to take heart and get well, if for no other consideration, because the union and peace of Christendom depended upon her life. To show this I used many arguments, as had been prearranged with another person between the Queen and me, in order that my conductor and some of the bystanders might make report of it, so that by this means they might have the greater care of her life. After some other conversation, the Queen bade me rest after the fatigue of the journey, and meanwhile she thought she could sleep a little, which she had not done for two hours altogether during the six days previous. Shortly afterwards she sent for me again, and I spent full two hours in conversation with her, and though I several times wished to leave her for fear of wearying her, I could not do so, she said it was so great a pleasure and consolation. I spent the same period of time with her every day of the four days I staid there. She inquired about the health of your Majesty and the state of your affairs, and regretted her misfortune and that of the Princess, and the delay of remedy by which all good men had suffered in person and in goods, and so many ladies were going to perdition. But, on my showing her that your Majesty could not have done better than you had done hitherto, considering the great affairs which had hindered you, and also that the delay had not been without advantages (for, besides there being some hope that the French, who formerly solicited the favour of this King, would now turn their backs, there was this, that the Pope, by reason of the death of the cardinal of Rochester, and other disorders, intended to seek a remedy in the name of the Holy See, and thus, preparations being made at the instance of the Holy See, the King could not blame her as the cause), she was quite satisfied and thought the delay had been for the best. And as to the heresies here [I said] she knew well that God said there must of necessity be heresies and slanders for the exaltation of the good and confusion of the wicked, and that she must consider that the heresies were not so rooted here that they would not soon be remedied, and that it was to be hoped that those who had been deluded would afterwards be the most firm, like St. Peter after he had tripped. of these words she showed herself very glad, for she had previously had some scruple of conscience because [the heresies] had arisen from her affair.
Having staid there four days, and seeing that she began to take a little sleep, and also that her stomach retained her food, and that she was better than she had been, she thought, and her physician agreed with her (considering her out of danger), that I should return, so as not to abuse the licence the King had given me, and also to request the King to give her a more convenient house, as he had promised me at my departure. I therefore took leave of her on Tuesday evening, leaving her very cheerful; and that evening I saw her laugh two or three times, and about half an hour after I left her she desired to have some pastime (soy recreer) with one of my men "que fait du plaisant." On Wednesday morning one of her chamber told me that she had slept better. Her physician confirmed to me again his good hope of her health, and said I need not fear to leave, for, if any new danger arose, he would inform me with all diligence. Thereupon I started, and took my journey at leisure, lest any further news should overtake me on the road; but none came. This morning I sent to Cromwell to know when I could have audience of the King his master to thank him for the good cheer he had caused to be shown me in my journey, and also to speak about the said house. He sent to inform me of the lamentable news of the death of the most virtuous Queen, which took place on Friday the morrow of the Kings, about 2 p.m. This has been the most cruel news that could come to me, especially as I fear the good Princess will die of grief, or that the concubine (age 35) will hasten what she has long threatened to do, viz., to kill her; and it is to be feared that there is little help for it. I will do my best to comfort her, in which a letter from your Majesty would help greatly. I cannot relate in detail the circumstances of the Queen's decease, nor how she has disposed of her affairs, for none of her servants has yet come. I know not if they have been detained.
This evening, on sending to tell (qu. ask?) Cromwell what they had determined to do, that I might for my part do my duty, he told my man that just as he was entering the gate he had dispatched one of his own to inform me, on the part of the King and Council, that it was determined to give her a very solemn and honorable funeral both on account of her virtue and as having been wife of Prince Arthur, and, moreover, for her lineage and relationship to your Majesty, and that, if I wished to be present, the King would send me some black cloth for myself and my servants, but that the time and place had not yet been arranged. I replied that, presuming that everything would be done duly, I agreed to be present, and that, as to the cloth, the King need not trouble himself about it, for I was provided. It is certain that they will not perform her exequies as Queen, but only as Princess, and for this reason I despatch in haste to Flanders one of my servants who will have time to go and come, that I may know how to conduct myself, for nothing will be done for 18 or 20 days. The Queen's illness began about five weeks ago, as I then wrote to your Majesty, and the attack was renewed on the morrow of Christmas day. It was a pain in the stomach, so violent that she could retain no food. I asked her physician several times if there was any suspicion of poison. He said he was afraid it was so, for after she had drunk some Welsh beer she had been worse, and that it must have been a slow and subtle poison1 for he could not discover evidences of simple and pure poison; but on opening her, indications will be seen. London, 9 Jan. 1535. Fr., from a modern copy, pp. 4.
Note 1. "Poison aterminec (qu. atermoiee ?) et artificieuse."
Hall's Chronicle 1539. 09 Jan 1539. ... and the ninth day of Januarie, were the said two lords [Henry Courtenay 1st Marquess Exeter and Henry Pole 1st Baron Montagu] and Sir Edward Neville beheaded at the Tower Hill, and the two priests and Holande were drawnn to Tyburn, and there hanged and quartered, and Sir Geoffrey Pole was pardoned.
On 09 Jan 1606 Stephen Lyttelton (age 31) and Robert Wintour (age 38) were arrested at Hagley Hall, Worcestershire for their part in the Gunpowder Plot after a cook named John Finwood had informed the authorities. Stephen Lyttelton was executed sometime thereafter at Stafford.
Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 09 Jan 1617. Upon the 9th I went up to see the things in the closet and began to have Mr Sandy’s book read to me about the Government of the Turks, my Lord (age 27) sitting the most part of the day reading in his closet.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1660. Monday. For these two or three days I have been much troubled with thoughts how to get money to pay them that I have borrowed money of, by reason of my money being in my uncle's hands. I rose early this morning, and looked over and corrected my brother John's (age 19) speech, which he is to make the next apposition,-[Note. Declamations at St. Paul's School, in which there were opponents and respondents.]-and after that I went towards my office, and in my way met with W. Simons, Muddiman, and Jack Price, and went with them to Harper's and in many sorts of talk I staid till two of the clock in the afternoon. I found Muddiman a good scholar, an arch rogue; and owns that though he writes new books for the Parliament, yet he did declare that he did it only to get money; and did talk very basely of many of them. Among other things, W. Simons told me how his uncle Scobel was on Saturday last called to the bar, for entering in the journal of the House, for the year 1653, these words: "This day his Excellence the Lord General Cromwell dissolved this House;" which words the Parliament voted a forgery, and demanded of him how they came to be entered. He answered that they were his own handwriting, and that he did it by virtue of his office, and the practice of his predecessor; and that the intent of the practice was to-let posterity know how such and such a Parliament was dissolved, whether by the command of the King, or by their own neglect, as the last House of Lords was; and that to this end, he had said and writ that it was dissolved by his Excellence the Lord G[eneral]; and that for the word dissolved, he never at the time did hear of any other term; and desired pardon if he would not dare to make a word himself when it was six years after, before they came themselves to call it an interruption; but they were so little satisfied with this answer, that they did chuse a committee to report to the House, whether this crime of Mr. Scobell's did come within the act of indemnity or no. Thence I went with Muddiman to the Coffee-House, and gave 18d. to be entered of the Club. Thence into the Hall, where I heard for certain that Monk (age 51) was coming to London, and that Bradshaw's lodgings were preparing for him. Thence to Mrs. Jem's, and found her in bed, and she was afraid that it would prove the smallpox. Thence back to Westminster Hall [Map], where I heard how Sir H. Vane (age 46) was this day voted out of the House, and to sit no more there; and that he would retire himself to his house at Raby [Map], as also all the rest of the nine officers that had their commissions formerly taken away from them, were commanded to their farthest houses from London during the pleasure of the Parliament. Here I met with the Quarter Master of my Lord's (age 34) troop, and his clerk Mr. Jenings, and took them home, and gave them a bottle of wine, and the remainder of my collar of brawn; and so good night. After that came in Mr. Hawly, who told me that I was mist this day at my office, and that tomorrow I must pay all the money that I have, at which I was put to a great loss how I should get money to make up my cash, and so went to bed in great trouble.
John Evelyn's Diary. 09 Jan 1662. I saw acted the Third Part of "The Siege of Rhodes". In this acted the fair and famous comedian called Roxalana (age 19) from the part she performed; and I think it was the last, she being taken to be the Earl of Oxford's (age 34) Miss [Note. Probably Diana Kirke Countess of Oxford] (as at this time they began to call lewd women). It was in recitative music.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1663. Waking in the morning, my wife I found also awake, and begun to speak to me with great trouble and tears, and by degrees from one discourse to another at last it appears that Sarah has told somebody that has told my wife of my meeting her at my brother's and making her sit down by me while she told me stories of my wife, about her giving her scallop to her brother, and other things, which I am much vexed at, for I am sure I never spoke any thing of it, nor could any body tell her but by Sarah's own words. I endeavoured to excuse my silence herein hitherto by not believing any thing she told me, only that of the scallop which she herself told me of. At last we pretty good friends, and my wife begun to speak again of the necessity of her keeping somebody to bear her company; for her familiarity with her other servants is it that spoils them all, and other company she hath none, which is too true, and called for Jane to reach her out of her trunk, giving her the keys to that purpose, a bundle of papers, and pulls out a paper, a copy of what, a pretty while since, she had wrote in a discontent to me, which I would not read, but burnt. She now read it, and it was so piquant, and wrote in English, and most of it true, of the retiredness of her life, and how unpleasant it was; that being wrote in English, and so in danger of being met with and read by others, I was vexed at it, and desired her and then commanded her to tear it. When she desired to be excused it, I forced it from her, and tore it, and withal took her other bundle of papers from her, and leapt out of the bed and in my shirt clapped them into the pocket of my breeches, that she might not get them from me, and having got on my stockings and breeches and gown, I pulled them out one by one and tore them all before her face, though it went against my heart to do it, she crying and desiring me not to do it, but such was my passion and trouble to see the letters of my love to her, and my Will wherein I had given her all I have in the world, when I went to sea with my Lord Sandwich (age 37), to be joyned with a paper of so much disgrace to me and dishonour, if it should have been found by any body. Having torn them all, saving a bond of my uncle Robert's, which she hath long had in her hands, and our marriage license, and the first letter that ever I sent her when I was her servant1, I took up the pieces and carried them into my chamber, and there, after many disputes with myself whether I should burn them or no, and having picked up, the pieces of the paper she read to-day, and of my Will which I tore, I burnt all the rest, and so went out to my office troubled in mind.
Note 1. The usual word at this time for a lover. We have continued the correlative term "mistress", but rejected that of "servant".
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1664. Up (my underlip being mightily swelled, I know not how but by overrubbing it, it itching) and to the office, where we sat all the morning, and at noon I home to dinner, and by discourse with my wife thought upon inviting my Lord Sandwich (age 38) to a dinner shortly. It will cost me at least ten or twelve pounds; but, however, some arguments of prudence I have, which however I shall think again upon before I proceed to that expence.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1666. After dinner Pierce and I up to my chamber, where he tells me how a great difference hath been between the Duke (age 32) and Duchesse (age 28), he suspecting her to be naught with Mr. Sidney (age 24)1. But some way or other the matter is made up; but he was banished the Court, and the Duke for many days did not speak to the Duchesse at all. He tells me that my Lord Sandwich (age 40) is lost there at Court, though the King (age 35) is particularly his friend. But people do speak every where slightly of him; which is a sad story to me, but I hope it may be better again. And that Sir G. Carteret (age 56) is neglected, and hath great enemies at work against him. That matters must needs go bad, while all the town, and every boy in the streete, openly cries, "the King cannot go away till my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 25) be ready to come along with him"; she being lately put to bed And that he visits her and Mrs. Stewart (age 18) every morning before he eats his breakfast. All this put together makes me very sad, but yet I hope I shall do pretty well among them for all this, by my not meddling with either of their matters. He and Ferrers gone I paid uncle Thomas his last quarter's money, and then comes Mr. Gawden and he and I talked above stairs together a good while about his business, and to my great joy got him to declare that of the £500 he did give me the other day, none of it was for my Treasurershipp for Tangier [Map] (I first telling him how matters stand between Povy (age 52) and I, that he was to have half of whatever was coming to me by that office), and that he will gratify me at 2 per cent. for that when he next receives any money. So there is £80 due to me more than I thought of. He gone I with a glad heart to the office to write, my letters and so home to supper and bed, my wife mighty full of her worke she hath to do in furnishing her bedchamber.
Note 1. "This Duchess was Chancellor Hyde's (age 56) daughter, and she was a very handsome woman, and had a great deal of wit; therefore it was not without reason that Mr. Sydney, the handsomest youth of his time, of the Duke's bedchamber, was so much in love with her, as appeared to us all, and the Duchess not unkind to him, but very innocently. He was afterwards banished the Court for another reason, as was reported" (Sir John Reresby's Memoirs, August 5th, 1664, ed. Cartwright, pp. 64,65). "'How could the Duke of York make my mother a Papist?' said the Princess Mary to Dr. Bumet. 'The Duke caught a man in bed with her,' said the Doctor, 'and then had power to make her do anything.' The Prince, who sat by the fire, said, 'Pray, madam, ask the Doctor a few more questions'" (Spence's "Anecdotes", ed. Singer, 329).
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1667. Thence to Faythorne (age 51), and bought a head or two; one of them my Lord of Ormond's (age 56), the best I ever saw, and then to Arundell House [Map], where first the Royall Society meet, by the favour of Mr. Harry Howard (age 38), who was there, and has given us his grandfather's library, a noble gift, and a noble favour and undertaking it is for him to make his house the seat for this college. Here was an experiment shown about improving the use of powder for creating of force in winding up of springs and other uses of great worth. And here was a great meeting of worthy noble persons; but my Lord Bruncker (age 47), who pretended to make a congratulatory speech upon their coming hither, and in thanks to Mr. Howard, do it in the worst manner in the world, being the worst speaker, so as I do wonder at his parts and the unhappiness of his speaking.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1667. Thence home by coach and to the office, and then home to supper, Mercer and her sister there, and to cards, and then to bed. Mr. Cowling did this day in the House-lobby tell me of the many complaints among people against Mr. Townsend in the Wardrobe, and advises me to think of my Lord Sandwich's (age 41) concernment there under his care. He did also tell me upon my demanding it, that he do believe there are some things on foot for a peace between France and us, but that we shall be foiled in it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 09 Jan 1668. So to the office, where all the morning busy, and so home at noon to dinner with my people, where Mr. Hollier (age 59) come and dined with me, and it is still mighty pleasant to hear him talk of Rome and the Pope, with what hearty zeal and hatred he talks against him.
On 09 Jan 1669 Captain Francis Bromwich was killed in a duel, or a brawl. See Samuel Pepys Diary 11 Jann 1669.
John Evelyn's Diary. 09 Jan 1684. I went crosse the Thames on the ice, now become so thick as to beare not onely streetes of boothes, in which they roasted meate, and had divers shops of wares, quite acrosse as in a towne, but coaches, carts, and horses, passed over. So I went from Westminster Stayres to Lambeth [Map], and din'd with the Archbishop (age 66): where I met my Lord Bruce, Sir Geo. Wheeler (age 32), Coll. Cooke, and severall divines. After dinner and discourse with his Grace till evening prayers, Sir Geo. Wheeler and I walked over the ice from Lambeth Stayres to the horse ferry.
Henry Chaplin A Memoir: Youth I. It must have been immediately after the marriage of Diana Chaplin (age 18), and probably in honour of that event, that a masquerade was held at Blankney Hall, of which a list of some of the principal guests and their impersonations has been preserved. Thomas Chaplin having died in 1747, his son John (age 28), who was not yet married, was presumably the host on this occasion. He chose for himself the character of Henry V Ill., and if he enjoyed the same splendid proportions as his descendant, the last Squire, his choice was justified. An old yellow torn sheet of paper has been preserved on which in faded ink is written:
A LIST OF THE COMPANY AS THEY DANCED AT THE MASQUERADE AT BLANKNEY, THE 9TH JANUARY 1749.
Lord George Manners (age 25)... A Spaniard
Mr. Glover... A Rich Vandyke
Mr. Chaplin.. King Harry the 8th
Mr. C. Chaplin (age 18)... A Huzsar
Mr. Amcotts... A Venetian Dancer
Mr. Nevill... Mercury
Sir Francis Dashwood (age 40)... Pluto (King of Hell with a Little infernal boy bearing up his train)
Mr. Pownall... A Vandyke
Mr. Thornton... A Dancer
Capt. Bell... A Chimney Sweeper (in black Satin)
Duke of Kingston (age 38)... In a Gold White Domino
Mr. Carter... A Priest
Major Gibbon... Queen Elizabeth's Porter
Mr. Dashwood (age 32), Bror to Sir Francis... A Russian
Mr. Stevens... A Black Domino
Mr. Porter... Mercury
Mr. Foster... A Domino
Mr. Willis... A Sailor
Mr. King... A Vandyke
Mr. Richd Welby... A Hungarian
Lady Vere Bertie.. A fair Maid of the Inn
Lady Tyrconnel... A Spanish Lady
Miss Wheat... Rubens' Wife
Miss Thornton... Flora
Miss Disney... Violette
Miss N. Amcotts... The Rising Morn
Miss Carter... Queen of the Scots as a widow
Lady Thorold... A Spanish Lady
Miss Mainwaring... Representing Night in a Black Gown with Stars
Miss Maddison... A Country Girl
Lady Dashwood... A Vandyke
Miss Bertie... A Dancer
Miss Bet Hales... An old-fashioned Lady
Mrs. Willie... A Country Girl
Miss I. Cust... Italian Dancer
Miss King... Aurette
Miss N. Welby... A Quaker
Mrs. Porter... A Turkish Lady
Miss Hales... A Country Girl
Miss Lucy Cust... An old Lady
COMPANY THAT SAT BY
Lady Vere Bertie... An Italian Peasant
Lord Tyrconnel... In a blue & silver Domino
Colonel Armiger...
Young Mr. Wills... Capt. Flask
Mr. Middlemore... In a Pink Domino
Mr. Villarial... Scaramouch
Mrs. Chaplin... An Old Woman
Lady George Manners (the Bride) [Diana Chaplin]... A Jardiniere
Mrs. Wills... Queen Elizabeth
Miss Truman... Columbine
Among all this motley crowd, not the least imposing figure was probably that of Sir Francis Dashwood, appropriate in the character chosen, since he was one of the most prominent supporters of the Hell Fire Club.1
Note 1. He was Chancellor of the Exchequer. Wilkes described him as one who from puzzling all his life at tavern bills was called by Lord Bute to administer the finances of the Kingdom which were 100 millions in debt He was the founder of the Society of the Franciscans at Medmenham Abbey, where the door was surmounted by the motto, "Fay ce que voudras" ["Do Whatever You Want"], and where he played the part of an immoral buffoon for the amusement of Privy Councillors and Members of Parliament.
On 09 Jan 1794 Henry Paulet (age 26) was promoted to post-captain and was given command of HMS Vengeance by Sir John Jervis (age 59). Paulet served as flag captain to Commodore Charles Thompson at the capture of Martinique.
09 Jan 1806. Augustus Charles Pugin (age 44). Funeral of Horatio Nelson.
On 09 Jan 1806 the funeral of Horatio Nelson 1st Viscount Nelson was held at St Paul's Cathedral [Map].
The London Gazette 15881. 09 Jan 1806. Early in the Morning of Thursday the 9th Instant, His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales (age 43), Their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of the Blood Royal, with several of the Great Officers, and the Nobility and Gentry, in their Carriages; the Relations of the Deceased, with the Officers and others of his Household, the Officers of Armss, and a Number of Naval Officers, in Mourning Coaches, assembled in Hyde Park; having been admitted at Cumberland and Grosvenor Gates upon producing Tickets issued from the College of Arms.; and, having there been marshalled within the Rails, proceeded, One by One, across Piccadilly, into St. James's Park, by the Gate at the top of Constitution Hill, and onwards, through the Horse Guards, to the Admiralty, in the Order in which they were to move in the Procession.
The Chief Mourner, with his Supporters and Train-Bearer, and the several Naval Officers to whom Duties were assigned in the Solemnity, assembled at the Admiralty: the Seamen and Marines of the Victory, the Pensioners from Greenwich Hospital, the Watermen of the Deceased, the Six Conductors, the Messenger of the College of Arms, and the Marshal's-Men, with the Trumpets and Drums, were stationed in the Admiralty Yard.
09 Jan 1806. Augustus Charles Pugin (age 44). Funeral of Horatio Nelson.
On 09 Jan 1848 Frederica Hanover was born to George V King Hanover (age 28) and Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover. He a great grandson of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 09 Jan 1859 Sophia Paulett Duchess of Cleveland (age 73) died. Monument in St Mary's Church, Staindrop [Map].
Sophia Paulett Duchess of Cleveland: On 16 Mar 1785 she was born to John Paulett 4th Earl Paulett and Sophia Pocock Countess Paulett. On 18 Nov 1809 Henry Vane 2nd Duke Cleveland and she were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. She the daughter of John Paulett 4th Earl Paulett and Sophia Pocock Countess Paulett. He the son of William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland and Catharine Margaret Powlett Countess Darlington. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 28 Jan 1842 William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland died. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Staindrop. His son Henry Vane 2nd Duke Cleveland succeeded 2nd Duke of Cleveland, 2nd Marquess of Cleveland, 4th Earl Darlington, 4th Viscount Barnard, 6th Baron Barnard, 2nd Baron Raby of Raby Castle in County Durham. She by marriage Duchess of Cleveland.
On 09 Jan 1861 Aaron Clulow Howard (age 39) died at Southport, Lancashire.
Aaron Clulow Howard: In 1822 he was born to John Howard and Elizabeth m Howard.
On 09 Jan 1982 Catherine Middleton Princess of Wales was born to Michael Middleton (age 32) and Carole Elizabeth Goldsmith (age 26).
Births on the 9th January
On 09 Jan 1567 Thomas Temple 1st Baronet was born to John Temple (age 25).
On 09 Jan 1585 Richard Grosvenor 1st Baronet was born to Richard Grosvenor of Eaton (age 22) and Christiana Brooke at Eaton Hall, Cheshire [Map].
On 09 Jan 1620 Elizabeth Altham Countess Anglesey was born to James Altham of Oxhey.
On 09 Jan 1627 Elizabeth Foote was born to Thomas Foote 1st Baronet (age 29).
On 09 Jan 1662 John Holles 1st Duke Newcastle upon Tyne was born to Gilbert Holles 3rd Earl de Clare (age 28) and Grace Pierrepont Countess de Clare (age 29) at Edwinstowe, Nottinghamshire.
Before 09 Jan 1673 Mary Booth was born to Henry Booth 1st Earl Warrington (age 20) and Mary Langham Countess Warrington (age 20) at Mere Hall, Cheshire.
On 09 Jan 1697 Gabriel Hanger 1st Baron Coleraine was born to George Hanger of Driffield in Gloucestershire and Ann Beale.
On 09 Jan 1731 William Pulteney was born to William Pulteney 1st Earl Bath (age 46).
On 09 Jan 1735 John Jervis 1st Earl St Vincent was born to Swynfen Jervis.
On 09 Jan 1758 George Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Duke Sutherland was born to Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Marquess Stafford (age 36) and Louisa Egerton Countess Gower (age 34).
On 09 Jan 1762 Richard Croft 6th Baronet was born to Herbert Croft (age 40).
On 09 Jan 1780 Charles Manners-Sutton 1st Viscount Canterbury was born to Archbishop Charles Manners-Sutton (age 24) and Mary Thoroton. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.13%.
On 09 Jan 1794 John Hay-Williams 2nd Baronet was born to John Williams 1st Baronet (age 32) and Margaret Williams Lady Williams (age 25).
On 09 Jan 1810 Frances Elizabeth Anson Marchioness Hertford was born to Thomas Anson 1st Viscount Anson (age 42) and Anne Margaret Coke Viscountess Anson (age 30).
On 09 Jan 1814 Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Edward Hall Gage was born to Henry Hall Gage 4th Viscount Gage (age 22) and Elizabeth Maria Foley (age 20).
On 09 Jan 1819 William Powell Frith was born.
On 09 Jan 1819 Caroline Margaret Fox-Strangways Lady Kerrison was born to Henry Fox-Strangways 3rd Earl of Ilchester (age 31) and Caroline Leonora Murray Countess Ilchester.
On 09 Jan 1822 Thomas Moncrieffe 7th Baronet was born to David Moncrieffe 6th Baronet (age 33).
On 09 Jan 1836 Mary Selina Wentworth-Fitzwilliam Viscountess Portman was born to William Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam and Selina Jenkinson (age 23).
On 09 Jan 1841 Adelaide Cavendish was born to Henry Cavendish 3rd Baron Waterpark (age 47) and Elizabeth Jane Anson Baroness Waterpark (age 24).
On 09 Jan 1848 Frederica Hanover was born to George V King Hanover (age 28) and Marie Saxe Altenburg Queen Consort Hanover. He a great grandson of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 09 Jan 1855 Henry Charles Bunbury 10th Baronet was born to Henry William St Pierre Bunbury (age 42) and Cecila Caroline Napier (age 36).
On 09 Jan 1858 William Augustus Lane Fox-Pitt was born to Augustus Henry Fox Pitt-Rivers (age 30) and Alice Margaret Stanley (age 30).
On 09 Jan 1862 Cecil Talbot Clifton 24th Baron Grey of Ruthin was born to Augustus Wykeham Clifton (age 33) and Bertha Lelgarde Rawdon-Hastings 22nd Baroness Grey Ruthyn (age 27).
Around 09 Jan 1866 Marguerite Violet Maude Agnew was born to Andrew Agnew 8th Baronet (age 48) and Mary Arabella Louisa Noel.
On 09 Jan 1869 Noel Edward Noel-Buxton 1st Baron Noel-Buxton was born to Thomas Fowell Buxton 3rd Baronet (age 31) and Victoria Noel Lady Buxton (age 29).
On 09 Jan 1878 Aubrey Craven Theophilus Robin Hood Hastings was born to Francis Power Plantagenet Hastings 14th Earl Huntingdon (age 36).
On 09 Jan 1889 William Lorenzo Parker 3rd Baronet was born to William Parker 2nd Baronet (age 64).
On 09 Jan 1898 Randal Smith 2nd Baron Bicester was born to Vivian Hugh Smith 1st Baron Bicester (age 30) and Sybil Mary McDonnell Baroness Bicester (age 21).
On 09 Jan 1902 John Charles Peniston Milbanke 11th Baronet was born to John Peniston Milbanke 10th Baronet (age 29) and Amelia Madeline Louisa Crichton (age 25).
On 09 Jan 1906 Sidney Herbert 16th Earl of Pembroke, 13th Earl of Montgomery was born to Reginald Herbert 15th Earl Pembroke 12th Earl Montgomery (age 25) and Beatrice Eleanor Paget Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 22).
On 09 Jan 1917 Charles Petty-Fitzmaurice 7th Marquess of Lansdowne was born to Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice 6th Marquess of Lansdowne (age 44).
On 09 Jan 1919 Major Robert Jocelyn Palmer Baron Lucas was born to Roundell Palmer 3rd Earl Selborne (age 31) and Grace Ridley Countess Selborne (age 30).
On 09 Jan 1920 Thomas Brooke 2nd Viscount Alanbrooke was born to Field-Marshal Alan Brooke 1st Viscount Alanbrooke (age 36).
On 09 Jan 1939 Murray Beauclerk 14th Duke St Albans was born to Charles Beauclerk 13th Duke St Albans (age 23) and Nathalie Chatham Walker.
On 09 Jan 1982 Catherine Middleton Princess of Wales was born to Michael Middleton (age 32) and Carole Elizabeth Goldsmith (age 26).
Marriages on the 9th January
On 09 Jan 1449 Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby (age 21) and Joan Willoughby 7th Baroness Willoughby of Eresby (age 24) were married. They were fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 09 Jan 1620 Francis Molyneux 2nd Baronet (age 18) and Theodosia Heron (age 18) were married at St Laurence's Church, Surfleet. They had one son and four daughters.
After 09 Jan 1694 Charles Stewart 4th Earl Traquair (age 35) and Mary Maxwell Countess Traquair (age 23) were married. She by marriage Countess Traquair. She the daughter of Robert Maxwell 4th Earl Nithsdale and Lucy Douglas Countess Nithsdale (age 50). He the son of John Stewart 2nd Earl Traquair and Anne Seton. They were second cousins.
On 09 Jan 1696 Richard Jones 1st Earl Ranelagh (age 54) and Margaret Cecil Countess Ranelagh (age 24) were married. She by marriage Countess Ranelagh. The difference in their ages was 30 years. She the daughter of James Cecil 3rd Earl Salisbury and Margaret Manners Countess of Salisbury.
On 09 Jan 1730 Henry Cavendish 1st Baronet (age 22) and Anne Pyne (age 23) were married.
On 09 Jan 1777 Ralph Milbanke aka Noel 6th Baronet (age 29) and Judith Noel (age 26) were married.
On 09 Jan 1813 Robert Jocelyn 3rd Earl Roden (age 24) and Maria Frances Catherine Stapleton Countess Roden were married. He the son of Robert Jocelyn 2nd Earl Roden (age 56).
On 09 Jan 1933 Anthony Chaplin 3rd Viscount Chaplin and Alvilde Bridges Viscountess Chaplin (age 23) were married.
Deaths on the 9th January
On 15 Aug 1369 Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 55) died at Windsor Castle [Map]. Her husband King Edward III of England (age 56) and youngest son Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester (age 14) were present. She was given a state funeral six months later on 09 Jan 1370 at which she was interred at on the northeast side of the Chapel of St Edward the Confessor, Westminster Abbey [Map]. Her alabaster effigy was executed by sculptor Jean de Liège.
On 09 Jan 1450 Bishop Adam Moleyns was lynched by a mob of discontented unpaid soldiers who dragged him from the Royal Garrison Church, Portsmouth and executed him for being a supporter of William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) and for the losses in Normandy.
On 09 Jan 1463 William Neville 1st Earl Kent (age 58) died. He was buried at Gisborough Priory [Map]. No surviving legitimate issue. Earl Kent extinct.
On 09 Jan 1469 Anne Ferrers 8th Baroness Ferrers Chartley died. Her son John Devereux 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 5) succeeded 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley.
On 09 Jan 1499 John "Cicero" Hohenzollern Elector Brandenburg (age 43) died.
On 09 Jan 1564 Margaret Audley Duchess Norfolk (age 24) died at Norwich, Norfolk [Map] following the birth of her fourth child. She was initially buried at Church of St John the Baptist, Norwich [Map]. Her remains were moved to the Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map].
On 09 Jan 1617 Marmaduke Wyvill 1st Baronet (age 76) died. He was buried at Masham. His grandson Marmaduke Wyvill 2nd Baronet (age 22) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wyvill of Constable Burton in Yorkshire.
On 09 Jan 1674 Thomas Brereton 2nd Baronet (age 42) died. Baronet Brereton of Hanford in Cheshire extinct.
On 09 Jan 1689 Hugh Cholmley 4th Baronet (age 56) died without male issue. Baronet Cholmley of Whitby in Yorkshire extinct.
On 09 Jan 1749 Henry Herbert 6th Earl Montgomery 9th Earl Pembroke (age 55) died at Pembroke House Whitehall Palace. His son Henry Herbert 10th Earl Pembroke 7th Earl Montgomery (age 14) succeeded 10th Earl Pembroke, 7th Earl Montgomery.
On 09 Jan 1755 Augustus Berkeley 4th Earl Berkeley (age 39) died. His son Frederick Augustus Berkeley 5th Earl Berkeley (age 10) succeeded 5th Earl Berkeley, 5th Viscount Dursley, 13th Baron Berkeley.
On 09 Jan 1762 Bishop Thomas Hayter (age 60) died.
On 09 Jan 1770 Nathaniel Booth 4th Baron Delamer (age 60) died. Baron Delamer extinct. His second cousin George Booth 6th Baronet (age 45) succeeded 6th Baronet Booth of Dunham Massey.
On 09 Jan 1784 George Savile 8th Baronet (age 57) died. He was buried at Church of St Michael and All Angels, Thornhill [Map]. Baronet Savile of Thornhill extinct.
On 09 Jan 1805 Edward Winnington 2nd Baronet (age 55) died. His son Thomas Winnington 3rd Baronet (age 25) succeeded 3rd Baronet Winnington of Stanford Court in Worcestershire.
On 09 Jan 1813 Grace Foley Countess Clanbrassil (age 70) died.
On 09 Jan 1831 Charlotte Boyle 20th Baroness Ros of Helmsley (age 61) died. Her son Henry Fitzgerald 21st Baron Ros Helmsley (age 37) succeeded 21st Baron Ros Helmsley.
On 09 Jan 1854 Newton Wallop aka Fellowes 4th Earl of Portsmouth (age 81) died. He was buried at All Saints Church, Eggesford. His son Isaac Newton Wallop 5th Earl of Portsmouth (age 28) succeeded 5th Earl Portsmouth, 5th Viscount Lymington, 5th Baron Wallop of Farley Wallop Hampshire.
On 09 Jan 1859 Sophia Paulett Duchess of Cleveland (age 73) died. Monument in St Mary's Church, Staindrop [Map].
Sophia Paulett Duchess of Cleveland: On 16 Mar 1785 she was born to John Paulett 4th Earl Paulett and Sophia Pocock Countess Paulett. On 18 Nov 1809 Henry Vane 2nd Duke Cleveland and she were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. She the daughter of John Paulett 4th Earl Paulett and Sophia Pocock Countess Paulett. He the son of William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland and Catharine Margaret Powlett Countess Darlington. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 28 Jan 1842 William Henry Vane 1st Duke Cleveland died. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Staindrop. His son Henry Vane 2nd Duke Cleveland succeeded 2nd Duke of Cleveland, 2nd Marquess of Cleveland, 4th Earl Darlington, 4th Viscount Barnard, 6th Baron Barnard, 2nd Baron Raby of Raby Castle in County Durham. She by marriage Duchess of Cleveland.
On 09 Jan 1870 Elizabeth Sackville Countess De La Warr (age 74) died. Her son Reginald Windsor Sackville 7th Earl De La Warr (age 52) succeeded 2nd Baron Buckhurst of Buckhurst in Sussex.
On 09 Jan 1883 Frederick Vincent 11th Baronet (age 85) died. His son William Vincent 12th Baronet (age 48) succeeded 12th Baronet Vincent of Stoke d'Abernon.
On 09 Jan 1900 Standish Prendergast Vereker 4th Viscount Gort (age 80) died. His son John Gage Prendergast 5th Viscount Gort (age 50) succeeded 5th Viscount Gort.
On 09 Jan 1905 Cornwallis Maude 1st Earl Montalt (age 87) died.
On 09 Jan 1919 Andrew Marshall Porter 1st Baronet (age 81) died. His son John Scott Horsbrugh-Porter 2nd Baronet (age 47) succeeded 2nd Baronet Porter of Merrion Square in Dublin.
On 09 Jan 1953 Henry William Duff Gordon 6th Baronet (age 86) died. His son Douglas Frederick Duff-Gordon 7th Baronet (age 60) succeeded 7th Baronet Duff-Gordon of Halkin in Aberdeenshire.
On 09 Jan 1969 Robert Fitzpatrick Courtenay Vernon 4th Baron Lyveden (age 76) died. His second cousin Sidney Munroe Archibald Vernon 5th Baron Lyveden (age 80) succeeded 5th Baron Lyveden.
On 09 Jan 1970 John Campbell 5th Earl Cawdor (age 69) died. His son Hugh Campbell 6th Earl Cawdor (age 37) succeeded 6th Earl Cawdor of Castlemartin in Pembrokeshire, 7th Baron Cawdor of Castlemartin in Pembrokeshire.
On 09 Jan 2003 James Heron Walker 5th Baronet (age 88) died. His son Victor Walker 6th Baronet (age 60) succeeded 6th Baronet Walker of Sand Hutton in Yorkshire.