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On this Day in History ... 10th October

10 Oct is in October.

1339 Attack on Honnecourt

1361 Marriage of Edward "The Black Prince" and Joan "The Fair Maid of Kent"

1460 Richard of York claims the Kingdom of England

1532 Henry VIII and Francis I meet at Calais

1666 Great Fire of London

1671 Woodcock and Flatfoot Race at Newmarket

1846 Spanish Double Royal Wedding

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 10th October

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 644. This year died at Rochester, Kent [Map], on the tenth of October, Paulinus, who was first Archbishop at York, and afterwards at Rochester. He was bishop nineteen winters, two months, and one and twenty days. This year the son of Oswy's uncle (Oswin), the son of Osric, assumed the government of Deira, and reigned seven winters.

Letters. 10 Oct 1316. Letter XXIII. Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 21) to her nephew John of Eltham 1st Earl Cornwall.

Most dear and beloved nephew,.

We have well understood what you have sent us word by your letters; and, as to our estate, we give you to know that we are even in great trouble of heart, but, considering the condition we are in, we were in good health of body at the setting forth of these letters, which our Lord ever grant to you. Dearest nephew, we pray you that you will leave off all excuses, and come to the king our son in the best manner you can, and as he commands you more fully by his letters. For you well know, dearest nephew, if you come not, considering the necessity that now exists, it will be greatly talked of, and will be a great dishonour to you. Wherefore make an effort to come at this time as hastily as you can, and you know well, dearest nephew, that we shall ever be ready to counsel you as well as we can in all things that shall be to your honour and profit. Most dear and beloved nephew, our Lord have you in his keeping. Given at Nottingham [Map], the 10th day of October.

On 10 Oct 1332 Charles "Bad" II King Navarre was born to Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 26) and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre (age 20). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.86%.

On 10 Oct 1339 Thomas Poynings 1st Baron Poynings (age 45) was killed at the 1339 Attack on Honnecourt.

Froissart Book 1 Chapter 39. Around 10 Oct 1339. As soon as king Edward had passed the river of I'Escault and was entered into the realm of France, he called to him sir Henry of Flanders, who was as then a young squire, and there he made him knight, and gave him yearly two hundred pounds sterling, sufficiently assigned him in England. Then the king went and lodged in the abbey of Mount Saint-Martin, and there tarried two days, and his people abroad in the country; and the duke of Brabant was lodged in the abbey of Vaucelles.

When the French king at Compiegne heard these tidings, then he enforced his summons, and sent the earl of Eu and of Guines his constable to Saint-Quentin's, to keep the town and frontiers there against his enemies, and sent the lord of Coucy into his own country, and the lord of Ham to his, and sent many men of arms to Guise and to Ribemont, to Bohain, and the fortresses joining to the entry of the realm; and so went himself toward Peronne.

In the mean season that king Edward lay at the abbey of Mount Saint-Martin, his men ran abroad in the country to Bapaume and near to Peronne and to Saint-Quentin's. They found the country plentiful, for there had been no war of a long season; and so it fortuned that sir Henry of Flanders, to advance his body and to increase his honour, [went] on a day with other knights, whereof sir John of Hainault was chief, and with him the lord of Fauquemont, the lord of Berg, the lord of Bautersem, the lord of Cuyk and divers other to the number of five hundred: and they avised a town thereby, called Honnecourt, wherein much people were gathered on trust of the fortresses, and therein they had conveyed all their goods; and there had been sir Arnold of Baquehem and sir William of Duvenvoorde and their company, but they attained nothing there.

There was at this Honnecourt an abbot of great wisdom and hardiness; and he caused to be made without the town a barrier overthwart the street, like a grate, not past half a foot wide every grate, and he made great provisions of stones and quicklime, and men ready to defend the place. And these lords, when they came thither, they lighted afoot and entered to the barrier with their glaives in their hands, and there began a sore assault, and they within valiantly defended themselves. There was the abbot himself, who received and gave many great strokes: there was a fierce assault: they within cast down stones, pieces of timber, pots full of chalk1 and did much hurt to the assailers: and sir Henry of Flanders, who held his glaive in his hands, and gave therewith great strokes. At the last the abbot took the glaive in his hands and drew it so to him, that at last he set hands on sir Henry's arm, and drew it so sore that he pulled out his arm at the barrier to the shoulder and held him at a great advantage, for an the barrier had been wide enough, he had drawn him through; but sir Henry would not let his weapon go for saving of his honour. Then the other knights strake at the abbot to rescue their fellow: so this wrastling endured a long space, but finally the knight was rescued, but his glaive abode with the abbot. And on a day, when I wrote this book, as I passed by I was shewed the glaive by the monks there, that kept it for a treasure.2

So this said day Honnecourt was sore assailed, the which endured till it was night, and divers were slain and sore hurt. Sir John of Hainault lost there a knight of Holland called sir Herman. When the Flemings, Hainowes, Englishmen and Almains saw the fierce wills of them within, and saw how they could get nothing there, withdrew themselves against night. And the next day on the morning the king departed from Mount Saint-Martin, commanding that no person should do any hurt to the abbey, the which commandment was kept. And so then they entered into Vermandois, and took that day their lodging betimes on the mount Saint-Quentin in good order of battle: and they of Saint-Quentin's might well see them, howbeit they had no desire to issue out of their town. The foreriders came running to the barriers skirmishing, and the host tarried still on the mount till the next day. Then the lords took counsel what way they should draw, and by the advice of the duke of Brabant they took the way to Thierache, for that way their provision came daily to them, and were determined that if king Philip did follow them, as they supposed he would do, that theii they would abide him in the plain field and give him battle.

Thus they went forth in three great battles: the marshals and the Almains had the first, the king of England in the middleward, and the duke of Brabant in the rearward. Thus they rode forth, brenning and pilling the country, a three or four leagues a day, and ever took their lodging betimes. And a company of Englishmen and Almains passed the river of Somme by the abbey of Vermand, and wasted the country all about: another company, whereof sir John of Hainault, the lord of P'auquemont and sir Arnold of Baquehem were chief, rode to Origny-Saint-Benoiste, a good town, but it was but easily closed: incontinent it was taken by assault and robbed, and an abbey of ladies violated, and the town brent. Then they departed and rode toward Guise and Ribemont, and the king of England lodged at Boheries, and there tarried a day, and his men ran abroad and destroyed the country.

Then the king took the way to the Flamengerie3, to come to Leschelle in Thierache; and the marshals and the bishop of Lincoln (age 47) with a five hundred spears passed the river of Oise and entered into Laonnois, toward the land of the lord of Coucy, and brent Saint-Gobain and the town of Marie, and on a night lodged in the valley beside Laon: and the next day they drew again to their host, for they knew by some of their prisoners that the French king was come to Saint-Quentin's with a hundred thousand men, and there to pass the river of Somme. So these lords in their returning brent a good town called Crecy and divers other towns and hamlets there-about.

Now let us speak of sir John of Hainault and his company, who were a five hundred spears. He came to Guise and brent all the town and beat down the mills: and within the fortress was the lady Jane (age 16), his own daughter, wife to the earl of Blois called Louis: she desired her father to spare the heritage of the earl his son-in-law, but for all that sir John of Hainault (age 51) would not spare his enterprise. And so then he returned again to the king, who was lodged in the abbey of Fervaques, and ever his people ran over the country.

And the lord of Fauquemont with a hundred spears came to Nouvion in Thierache, a great town; and the men of the town were fled into a great wood and had all their goods with them, and had fortified the wood with felling of timber about them. The Almains rode thither, and there met with them sir Arnold of Baquehem and his company, and so there they assailed them in the wood, who defended them as well as they might; but finally they were conquered and put to flight; and there were slain and sore hurt more than forty, and lost all that they had. Thus the country was over-ridden, for they did what they list.

Note 1. 'Chaulx,' i.e. 'quicklime.'

Note 2. The fuller text has it as follows: ' But his glaive abode with the abbot by reason of his great prowess, who kept it many years after; and it is still, as I believe, in the hall of Honnecourt. It was there assuredly at the time when I wrote this book, and it was shewed to me on a day when I passed that way, and I had relation made to me of the truth of the matter and of the manner how the assault was made; and the monks kept it still as a great ornament."

Note 3. La Flamengerie, dep. Aisne.

Click to read complete text ...

On 10 Oct 1361 Edward "Black Prince" (age 31) and Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales (age 33) were married at Windsor Castle [Map]. She by marriage Princess of Wales. His first wife, her second (or third depending on how you count them) husband. She had four children already. They had known each other since childhood. Thirty-one and thirty-three respectively. A curious choice for the heir to the throne; foreign princesses were usual. They were married nearly fifteen years and had two children. She the daughter of Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl Kent and Margaret Wake Countess Kent. He the son of King Edward III of England (age 48) and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 47). They were half first cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

On 10 Oct 1460 Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 49) claimed the Kingdom of England in Westminster Hall [Map] witnessed by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 42).

On 10 Oct 1465 Alfonso II King Naples (age 16) and Ippolita Maria Sforza (age 19) were married at Milan. He the son of Ferdinand I King Naples (age 42) and Isabella Clermont Queen Consort Naples.

Hall's Chronicle 1532. [10 Oct 1532]. The 10th day of October, the King came to Dover, and on the 11th day in the morning being Friday, at three of the clock, he took ship in Dover Road, and before ten of the clock the same day, he with the lady Marchioness of Pembroke (age 31), landed at Calais, where he was honourably received with procession, and brought to Saint Nicholas church, where he heard Mass, and so to his place called The Exchequer, where he lodged. And on the Sunday after came to Calais, the Lorde Roche Baron, and Monsieur de Mountpesat, messengers from the French King, advertising the King of England, that the French King would repair to Abuile the same night marching towards Boulogne, of which tidings the King was very glad, but suddenly came a messenger, and reported that the great Master of France, and the Archbishop of Rouen, with diverse noble men of France, were come to Sandifeld, intending to come to Calais, to salute the King, from the King their Master. He being thereof advertised, sent in great haste the fifteenth day of October, the Duke of Norfolk, the Marques of Exeter (age 36), the Earles of Oxford (age 61), Derby (age 23), and Rutland (age 40), the Lord Sandys, and the Lord Fitzwater, with three hundred gentlemen, which honourably received the French Lords, at the English pale, and so brought them to the King’s presence in Calais, which stood under a rich clothe of estate of such value that they much mused of the riches. The King (as he that knew all honour and nurture) received the French Lords, very lovingly and amiably, and with them took a day and place of meeting: these Lords were highly feasted, and after diner departed to Boulogne.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 10 Oct 1561. The x day of October [the] quen('s) (age 28) grace dyd gret cost at Westmynster boyth with-in here plase, and pavyng from the end of the Tyltt rond abowt the sydes, and closyd in the tylt.

On 10 Oct 1619 Robert "The Elder" Peake (age 68) made his will.

John Evelyn's Diary. 10 Oct 1641. At our going off, the fort, against which our pinnace anchored, saluted my Lord Marshal (age 56) with twelve gi'eat guns, which we answered with three. Not having the wind favourable, we anchored that night before Calais [Map]. About midnight, we weighed; and, at four in the morning, though not far from Dover [Map], we could not make the pier till four that afternoon, the wind proving contrary and driving us westward; but at last we got on shore, October the 12th.

John Evelyn's Diary. 05 Oct 1647. I came to Wotton, Surrey [Map], the place of my birth, to my brother (age 30), and on the 10th to Hampton Court [Map] where I had the honor to kiss his Majesty's (age 46) hand, and give him an account of several things I had in charge, he being now in the power of those execrable villains who not long after murdered him. I lay at my cousin, Sergeant Hatton's at Thames Ditton, Surrey [Map], whence, on the 13th, I went to London.

On 08 Oct 1655 Michael Wharton (age 78) died. He was buried at Beverley Minster [Map] on 10 Oct 1655. Monument attributed to Thomas Stanton.

Michael Wharton: In 1577 he was born. Before 23 Oct 1593 he and Elizabeth Hansby were married. In 1616 he was appointed High Sheriff of Yorkshire.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1660. Office day all the morning. In the afternoon with the upholster seeing him do things to my mind, and to my content he did fit my chamber and my wife's. At night comes Mr. Moore, and staid late with me to tell me how Sir Hards. Waller (age 56)1 (who only pleads guilty), Scott, Coke, Peters, Harrison2, &c. were this day arraigned at the bar at the Sessions House, there being upon the bench the Lord Mayor, General Monk (age 51), my Lord of Sandwich, &c.; such a bench of noblemen as had not been ever seen in England! They all seem to be dismayed, and will all be condemned without question.

Note 1. Sir Hardress Waller, Knt., one of Charles I judges. His sentence was commuted to imprisonment for life.

Note 2. General Thomas Harrison (age 44), son of a butcher at Newcastle-under-Lyme, appointed by Cromwell to convey Charles I from Windsor to Whitehall, in order to his trial. He signed the warrant for the execution of the King. He was hanged, drawn and quartered on the 13th.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1663. Up, and not in any good ease yet, but had pain in making water, and some course. I see I must take besides keeping myself warm to make myself break wind and go freely to stool before I can be well, neither of which I can do yet, though I have drank the other bottle of Mr. Hollyard's (age 54) against my stomach this morning. I did, however, make shift to go to the office, where we sat, and there Sir J. Minnes (age 64) and Sir W. Batten (age 62) did advise me to take some juniper water, and Sir W. Batten sent to his Lady for some for me, strong water made of juniper. Whether that or anything else of my draught this morning did it I cannot tell, but I had a couple of stools forced after it.... but whether I shall grow better upon it I cannot tell.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1663. This evening Mr. Hollyard (age 54) sends me an electuary to take (a walnut quantity of it) going to bed, which I did. 'Tis true I slept well, and rose in a little ease in the morning.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1664. So home to dinner at 4 o'clock, and then to the office, and there late, and so home to supper and to bed, having sat up till past twelve at night to look over the account of the collections for the Fishery, and the loose and base manner that monies so collected are disposed of in, would make a man never part with a penny in that manner, and, above all, the inconvenience of having a great man, though never so seeming pious as my Lord Pembroke (age 43) is. He is too great to be called to an account, and is abused by his servants, and yet obliged to defend them for his owne sake.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1664. Up and, it being rainy, in Sir W. Pen's (age 43) coach to St. James's, and there did our usual business with the Duke (age 30), and more and more preparations every day appear against the Dutch, and (which I must confess do a little move my envy) Sir W. Pen do grow every day more and more regarded by the Duke1, because of his service heretofore in the Dutch warr which I am confident is by some strong obligations he hath laid upon Mr. Coventry (age 36); for Mr. Coventry must needs know that he is a man of very mean parts, but only a bred seaman.

Note 1. "The duke had decided that the English fleet should consist of three squadrons to be commanded by himself, Prince Rupert (age 44), and Lord Sandwich (age 39), from which arrangement the two last, who were land admirals; had concluded that Penn would have no concern in this fleet. Neither the duke, Rupert, nor Sandwich had ever been engaged in an encounter of fleets.... Penn alone of the four was familiar with all these things. By the duke's unexpected announcement that he should take Penn with him into his own ship, Rupert and Sandwich at once discovered that they would be really and practically under Penn's command in everything"..

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1665. So that being done, I left the goods to be watched by men on their part and ours, and so to the office by noon, whither by and by comes Captain Cocke (age 48), whom I had with great care sent for by expresse the last night, and so I with him to his house and there eat a bit, and so by coach to Lambeth, Surrey [Map], and I took occasion first to go to the Duke of Albemarle (age 56) to acquaint him with some thing of what had been done this morning in behalf of a friend absent, which did give a good entrance and prevented their possessing the Duke with anything of evil of me by their report, and by and by in comes. Captain Cocke and tells his whole story.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1665. Up, and receive a stop from the Duke of Albemarle (age 56) of setting out any more ships, or providing a pleasure boat for himself, which I am glad of, and do see, what I thought yesterday, that this resolution of his was a sudden one and silly.

John Evelyn's Diary. 10 Oct 1666. This day was ordered a general Fast through the Nation, to humble us on the late dreadful conflagration, added to the plague and war, the most dismal judgments that could be inflicted; but which indeed we highly deserved for our prodigious ingratitude, burning lusts, dissolute court, profane and abominable lives, under such dispensations of God's continued favor in restoring Church, Prince, and People from our late intestine calamities, of which we were altogether unmindful, even to astonishment. This made me resolve to go to our parish assembly, where our Doctor preached on Luke xix. 41: piously applying it to the occasion. After which, was a collection for the distressed losers in the late fire.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1666. He and I did bemoan our public condition. He tells me the Duke of Albemarle (age 57) is under a cloud, and they have a mind at Court to lay him aside. This I know not; but all things are not right with him, and I am glad of it, but sorry for the time.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1667. Then in to my Lady (age 42) again, and staid till it was almost night again, and then took leave for a great while again, but with extraordinary kindness from my Lady, who looks upon me like one of her own family and interest.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10 Oct 1667. By this time it was almost noon, and then my father and I and wife and Willet abroad, by coach round the towne of Brampton [Map], to observe any other place as good as ours, and find none; and so back with great pleasure; and thence went all of us, my sister and brother, and W. Hewer (age 25), to dinner to Hinchingbroke [Map], where we had a good plain country dinner, but most kindly used; and here dined the Minister of Brampton and his wife, who is reported a very good, but poor man. Here I spent alone with my Lady (age 42), after dinner, the most of the afternoon, and anon the two twins were sent for from schoole, at Mr. Taylor's, to come to see me, and I took them into the garden, and there, in one of the summer-houses, did examine them, and do find them so well advanced in their learning, that I was amazed at it: they repeating a whole ode without book out of Horace, and did give me a very good account of any thing almost, and did make me very readily very good Latin, and did give me good account of their Greek grammar, beyond all possible expectation; and so grave and manly as I never saw, I confess, nor could have believed; so that they will be fit to go to Cambridge in two years at most. They are both little, but very like one another, and well-looked children.

John Evelyn's Diary. 09 Oct 1671 and 10 Oct 1671. I went, after evening service, to London, in order to a journey of refreshment with Mr. Treasurer (age 41), to Newmarket, Suffolk, where the King (age 41) then was, in his coach with six brave horses, which we changed thrice, first, at Bishop-Stortford [Map], and last, at Chesterford; so, by night, we got to Newmarket, Suffolk, where Mr. Henry Jermain (age 35) (nephew to the Earl of St. Alban (age 66)) lodged me very civilly. We proceeded immediately to Court, the King and all the English gallants being there at their autumnal sports. Supped at the Lord Chamberlain's; and, the next day, after dinner, I was on the heath, where I saw the great match run between Woodcock and Flatfoot, belonging to the King, and to Mr. Eliot, of the bedchamber, many thousands being spectators; a more signal race had not been run for many years.

John Evelyn's Diary. 10 Oct 1683. Visited the Duchess of Grafton (age 15), not yet brought to bed, and dining with my Lord Chamberlain (her father) (age 65), went with them to see Montague House, a palace lately built by Lord Montague (age 44), who had married the most beautiful Countess of Northumberland (age 29). It is a stately and ample palace. Signor Verrio's (age 47) fresco paintings, especially the funeral pile of Dido, on the staircase, the labors of Hercules, fight with the Centaurs, his effeminacy with Dejanira, and Apotheosis or reception among the gods, on the walls and roof of the great room above,-I think exceeds anything he has yet done, both for design, coloring, and exuberance of invention, comparable to the greatest of the old masters, or what they so celebrate at Rome. In the rest of the chamber are some excellent paintings of Holbein, and other masters. The garden is large, and in good air, but the fronts of the house not answerable to the inside. The court at entry, and wings for offices seem too near the street, and that so very narrow and meanly built, that the corridor is not in proportion to the rest, to hide the court from being overlooked by neighbors; all which might have been prevented, had they placed the house further into the ground, of which there was enough to spare. But on the whole it is a fine palace, built after the French pavilion-way, by Mr. Hooke, the Curator of the Royal Society. There were with us my Lady Scroope, the great wit, and Monsieur Chardine (age 39), the celebrated traveler.

On 10 Oct 1827 Catherine Bisshopp Countess Liverpool (deceased) was buried Buxted.

On 10 Oct 1830 Isabella II Queen Spain was born to Ferdinand VII King Spain (age 45) and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies Queen Consort Spain (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 19.30%.

Greville Memoirs. 10 Oct 1831. Riddlesworth. At Newmarket all last week; all the Peers absent; here since Friday. Yesterday morning the newspapers (all in black1) announced the defeat of the Reform Bill by a majority of forty-one, at seven o'clock on Saturday morning, after five nights' debating. By all accounts the debate was a magnificent display, and incomparably superior to that in the House of Commons, but the reports convey no idea of it. The great speakers on either side were:—Lords Grey, Lansdowne, Goderich, Plunket, and the Chancellor, for the Bill; against it, Lords Wharncliffe (who moved the amendment), Harrowby, Carnarvon, Dudley, Wynford, and Lyndhurst. The Duke of Wellington's speech was exceedingly bad; he is in fact, and has proved it in repeated instances, unequal to argue a great constitutional question. He has neither the command of language, the power of reasoning, nor the knowledge requisite for such an effort. Lord Harrowby's speech was amazingly fine, and delivered with great effect; and the last night the Chancellor is said to have surpassed all his former exploits, Lyndhurst to have been nearly as good, and Lord Grey very great in reply. There was no excitement in London the following day, and nothing particular happened but the Chancellor being drawn from Downing Street to Berkeley Square in his carriage by a very poor mob. The majority was much greater than anybody expected, and it is to be hoped may be productive of good by showing the necessity of a compromise; for no Minister can make sixty Peers, which Lord Grey must do to carry this Bill; it would be to create another House of Lords. Nobody knows what the Ministers would do, but it was thought they would not resign. A meeting of members of the House of Commons was held under the auspices of Ebrington (age 78) to agree upon a resolution of confidence in the Government this day. The majority and the magnificent display of eloquence and ability in the House of Lords must exalt the character and dignity of that House, and I hope increase its efficacy for good purposes and for resistance to this Bill. It may be hoped, too, that the apathy of the capital may have some effect in the country, though the unions, which are so well disciplined and under the control of their orators, will make a stir. On the whole I rejoice at this result, though I had taken fright before, and thought it better the Bill should be read a second time than be thrown out by a very small majority.

Note 1. Not all of them; neither the 'Times' nor the 'Morning Herald.'

On 10 Oct 1846 two Spanish Princesses were married ...

Francisco de Asís King Consort Spain (age 24) and Isabella II Queen Spain (age 16) were married. They were double first cousins. She was forced to marry by the Moderare Party. She, apparently commented, "what shall I tell you about a man whom I saw wearing more lace than I was wearing on our wedding night?". She the daughter of Ferdinand VII King Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies Queen Consort Spain (age 40). They were first cousins.

Antoine Orléans Duke Montpensier (age 22) and Infanta Luisa Fernanda Duchess of Montpensier (age 14) were married. She the daughter of Ferdinand VII King Spain. He the son of King Louis Philippe I of France (age 73).

On 08 Oct 1881 Florence Chaplin was born to Henry Chaplin 1st Viscount Chaplin (age 40) and Florence Sutherland Leveson-Gower (age 26). Florence Sutherland Leveson-Gower died from childbirth two days later. She was buried in the churchyard of St Oswald's Church, Blankney. Her husband's account of her last days .... Lady Florence's second daughter was born on Saturday, and her birth was followed by convulsions from which she never recovered consciousness. Through the night Dr. Brook and her husband watched by her, and on Sunday there was a slight improvement which continued throughout the day. "At that time ", says Mr. Chaplin," my spirit had revived, and I allowed myself, foolishly perhaps, to become quite sanguine—only, alas, to be bitterly disappointed." On Sunday evening the breathing again became more rapid, and on Monday afternoon "my darling passed away, with her head resting on my shoulder, and with the most beautiful expression on her face as she died".

On 10 Oct 1915 Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet (age 67) died. His son Oswald Mosley 5th Baronet (age 41) succeeded 5th Baronet Mosley of Ancoats. Monument at St Mary's Church, Rolleston on Dove [Map].

Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet: On 25 Sep 1848 he was born to Tonman Mosley 3rd Baronet and Catherine Wood. On 28 Apr 1890 Tonman Mosley 3rd Baronet died. His son Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet succeeded 4th Baronet Mosley of Ancoats.

Oswald Mosley 5th Baronet: On 29 Dec 1873 he was born to Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet at Beaumaris, Anglesey. On 12 Dec 1895 Oswald Mosley 5th Baronet and Katharine Maud Edwards-Heathcote were married.

On 10 Oct 1918 Alexandra Phyllis Hamilton (age 42) drowned whilst travelling from Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin to Holyhead, Anglesey aboard the mailboat RMS Leinster that was torpedoed and sunk by German submarine UB-123.

On 10 Oct 1944 Harold Philips (age 34) and Georgina Wernher (age 24) were married at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map]. Guests included The King of Hellenes (age 54), Prince Bertil of Sweden (age 32), and The Duchess of Kent (age 37). Princess Alexandra of Kent (age 7) and Gina's sister, Myra, were bridesmaids.

Births on the 10th October

On 10 Oct 1332 Charles "Bad" II King Navarre was born to Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 26) and Joan Capet II Queen Navarre (age 20). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 5.86%.

On 10 Oct 1358 Thomas Boteler 4th Baron Sudeley was born to William Boteler 2nd Baron Wem and Oversley (age 62) and Joan Sudeley Baroness Boteler (age 28) at Tyrley Hales, Staffordshire.

On 10 Oct 1486 Charles 3rd Duke Savoy was born to Philip "Landless" Savoy II Duke Savoy (age 48) and Claudine Brosse (age 36).

On 10 Oct 1585 Edward Hussey 1st Baronet was born to Charles Hussey of Honington (age 50) and Ellen Birch.

On 10 Oct 1619 Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha was born to Johann Philipp Wettin Duke Saxe Altenburg (age 22) and Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg (age 26).

On or before 10 Oct 1639 Edward Harington 5th Baronet was born to James Harington 3rd Baronet (age 31) and Katherine Wright Lady Harington (age 22). He was baptised on 10 Oct 1639 at St Peter le Poer Church, Broad Street.

On 10 Oct 1726 Berney Brograve 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Brograve (age 35).

On 10 Oct 1732 Walter Aston 8th Baronet was born to Edward Aston (age 45).

On 10 Oct 1732 William Burrell 2nd Baronet was born to Peter Burrell (age 40) and Amy Raymond (age 33) in Leadenhall Street [Map].

On 10 Oct 1738 Benjamin West was born.

On 10 Oct 1763 Hamilton Douglas was born to Sholto Charles Douglas 15th Earl Morton (age 32).

On 10 Oct 1767 George Grey 1st Baronet was born to Charles Grey 1st Earl Grey (age 37) and Elizabeth Grey Countess Grey (age 23) at Fallodon Hall, Northumberland [Map].

On 10 Oct 1769 Colonel John Hill was born to John Hill 3rd Baronet (age 29).

On 10 Oct 1813 Charles Beauclerk was born to William Beauclerk 8th Duke St Albans (age 46) and Maria Janetta Nelthorpe Duchess St Albans. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 10 Oct 1819 Charles Stanley Monck 4th Viscount Monck was born to Charles Monck 3rd Viscount Monck (age 28) and Bridget Willington (age 29).

On 10 Oct 1830 Isabella II Queen Spain was born to Ferdinand VII King Spain (age 45) and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies Queen Consort Spain (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 19.30%.

On 10 Oct 1850 Reverend Anthony Aylmer Astley was born to Francis Dugdale Astley 2nd Baronet (age 45) and Emma Dorothea Lethbridge Lady Astley.

On 10 Oct 1860 George Maryon Maryon-Wilson was born to Spencer Maryon Wilson 10th Baronet (age 30).

On 08 Oct 1881 Florence Chaplin was born to Henry Chaplin 1st Viscount Chaplin (age 40) and Florence Sutherland Leveson-Gower (age 26). Florence Sutherland Leveson-Gower died from childbirth two days later. She was buried in the churchyard of St Oswald's Church, Blankney. Her husband's account of her last days .... Lady Florence's second daughter was born on Saturday, and her birth was followed by convulsions from which she never recovered consciousness. Through the night Dr. Brook and her husband watched by her, and on Sunday there was a slight improvement which continued throughout the day. "At that time ", says Mr. Chaplin," my spirit had revived, and I allowed myself, foolishly perhaps, to become quite sanguine—only, alas, to be bitterly disappointed." On Sunday evening the breathing again became more rapid, and on Monday afternoon "my darling passed away, with her head resting on my shoulder, and with the most beautiful expression on her face as she died".

On 10 Oct 1897 William Francis Gresley 13th Baronet was born to William Stuckley Gresley (age 44).

On 10 Oct 1935 Harry Andrew Renwick 2nd Baron Renwick was born to Robert Renwick 1st Baron Renwick (age 31) and Dorothy Mary Parkes.

On 10 Oct 1943 Alexander Daniel Macmillan 2nd Earl of Stockton was born to Maurice Victor Macmillan (age 22) and Katharine Margaret Alice Ormsby-Gore (age 22).

On 10 Oct 1962 Hugh Stanley 19th Earl of Derby was born to Hugh Stanley (age 36).

Marriages on the 10th October

On 10 Oct 1361 Edward "Black Prince" (age 31) and Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales (age 33) were married at Windsor Castle [Map]. She by marriage Princess of Wales. His first wife, her second (or third depending on how you count them) husband. She had four children already. They had known each other since childhood. Thirty-one and thirty-three respectively. A curious choice for the heir to the throne; foreign princesses were usual. They were married nearly fifteen years and had two children. She the daughter of Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl Kent and Margaret Wake Countess Kent. He the son of King Edward III of England (age 48) and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 47). They were half first cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

On 10 Oct 1371 Peter Valois II Count Alençon (age 31) and Marie Chamaillart Countess Alençon were married. He the son of Charles Valois Count Alençon and Maria de la Cerda Y Lara Countess Alençon (age 52). He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

After 10 Oct 1441 John Bourchier 1st Baron Berners (age 25) and Margery Berners Baroness Berners (age 32) were married. He the son of William Bourchier 1st Count of Eu and Anne of Gloucester Plantagenet Countess Eu and Stafford. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England.

On 10 Oct 1465 Alfonso II King Naples (age 16) and Ippolita Maria Sforza (age 19) were married at Milan. He the son of Ferdinand I King Naples (age 42) and Isabella Clermont Queen Consort Naples.

Before 10 Oct 1496 Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk (age 25) and Margaret Scrope Duchess Suffolk were married. She by marriage Duchess Suffolk. He the son of John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk and Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 52). They were half second cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On or after 10 Oct 1668 John Stonhouse 2nd Baronet (age 29) and Martha Briggs were married. The license was dated 10 Oct 1668.

On 10 Oct 1675 Robert Ker 3rd Earl Roxburghe (age 17) and Margaret Hay Countess Roxburghe were married. She by marriage Countess Roxburghe. She the daughter of John Hay 1st Marquess Teviotdale (age 50) and Jean Scott Marchioness Teviotdale. He the son of William Ker 2nd Earl Roxburghe and Jane Ker Countess Roxburgh. They were second cousin once removed.

On 10 Oct 1752 Lucius Charles Carey 7th Viscount Falkland (age 45) and Sarah Inwen Countess Suffolk were married.

On 10 Oct 1767 Francis Eliott 5th Baronet (age 36) and Euphan Dixon (age 22) were married at Canongate Kirk.

On 10 Oct 1846 two Spanish Princesses were married ...

Francisco de Asís King Consort Spain (age 24) and Isabella II Queen Spain (age 16) were married. They were double first cousins. She was forced to marry by the Moderare Party. She, apparently commented, "what shall I tell you about a man whom I saw wearing more lace than I was wearing on our wedding night?". She the daughter of Ferdinand VII King Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies Queen Consort Spain (age 40). They were first cousins.

Antoine Orléans Duke Montpensier (age 22) and Infanta Luisa Fernanda Duchess of Montpensier (age 14) were married. She the daughter of Ferdinand VII King Spain. He the son of King Louis Philippe I of France (age 73).

On 10 Oct 1871 Richard Fitzherbert 5th Baronet (age 25) and Mary Anne Arkwright Lady Fitzherbert (age 21) were married at St Mary's Church, Cromford [Map].

On 10 Oct 1944 Harold Philips (age 34) and Georgina Wernher (age 24) were married at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map]. Guests included The King of Hellenes (age 54), Prince Bertil of Sweden (age 32), and The Duchess of Kent (age 37). Princess Alexandra of Kent (age 7) and Gina's sister, Myra, were bridesmaids.

Deaths on the 10th October

On 10 Oct 1213 Frederick Metz II Duke Lorraine died. His son Theobald Metz I Duke Lorraine succeeded I Duke Lorraine. Gertrude Dagsburg Duchess Lorraine by marriage Duchess Lorraine.

On 10 Oct 1229 Henry Beaumont 5th Earl Warwick (age 37) died. His son Thomas Beaumont 6th Earl Warwick (age 21) succeeded 6th Earl Warwick. Ela Longespee Countess Warwick by marriage Countess Warwick.

On 10 Oct 1369 David IV Strathbogie 12th Earl Atholl (age 42) died at Strathbogie. His 3 x great grandson Edward Burgh succeeded 4th Baron Strabolgi

On 10 Oct 1415 John Chidiock 5th Baron Fitzpayn (age 40) died. His son John Chideock 6th Baron Fitzpayn (age 13) succeeded 6th Baron Fitzpayn.

On 10 Oct 1425 Margaret Jülich Countess Cleves and Mark (age 75) died.

On 10 Oct 1503 Peter Bourbon II Duke Bourbon (age 64) died. His daughter Suzanne Bourbon Duchess Bourbon (age 12) succeeded Duchess Bourbon.

On 10 Oct 1505 William Boleyn (age 54) died. His son Thomas Boleyn (age 28) inherited Hever Castle, Kent [Map].

On 10 Oct 1544 Charles Blount 5th Baron Mountjoy (age 26) died at Hooke, Dorset. His son James Blount 6th Baron Mountjoy (age 11) succeeded 6th Baron Mountjoy.

On 10 Oct 1582 James Blount 6th Baron Mountjoy (age 49) died in Hook Okehampton, Devon. His son William Blount 7th Baron Mountjoy (age 21) succeeded 7th Baron Mountjoy.

After 10 Oct 1619 Robert "The Elder" Peake (deceased) died.

On 10 Oct 1649 Cicely Skeffington Lady Brereton (age 34) died.

On 08 Oct 1655 Michael Wharton (age 78) died. He was buried at Beverley Minster [Map] on 10 Oct 1655. Monument attributed to Thomas Stanton.

Michael Wharton: In 1577 he was born. Before 23 Oct 1593 he and Elizabeth Hansby were married. In 1616 he was appointed High Sheriff of Yorkshire.

On 10 Oct 1655 Robert Arbuthnot 1st Viscount Arbuthnott (age 30) died. His son Robert Arbuthnot 2nd Viscount Arbuthnot succeeded 2nd Viscount Arbuthnot.

On 10 Oct 1658 Henry Waldegrave 2nd Baronet (age 60) died. His son Charles Waldegrave 3rd Baronet (age 32) succeeded 3rd Baronet Waldegrave of Hever Castle.

On 10 Oct 1698 George Berkeley 1st Earl Berkeley (age 70) died. He was buried at St Dunstan Church Cranford. His son Charles Berkeley 2nd Earl Berkeley (age 49) succeeded 2nd Earl Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Dursley, 10th Baron Berkeley. Elizabeth Noel Countess Berkeley (age 44) by marriage Countess Berkeley.

On 10 Oct 1706 Alexander Bruce 4th Earl Kincardine died. His son Robert Bruce 5th Earl Kincardine (age 46) succeeded 5th Earl Kincardine.

On 10 Oct 1712 Thomas Twysden 4th Baronet (age 36) died. His brother William Twysden 5th Baronet (age 35) succeeded 5th Baronet Twysden of Roydon in Kent.

On 10 Oct 1723 Bassingbourne Gawdy 3rd Baronet died. Baronet Gawdy of West Harling extinct.

On 10 Oct 1733 William Douglas 2nd Baronet (age 58) died. His son John Douglas 3rd Baronet (age 25) succeeded 3rd Baronet Kelhead.

On 10 Oct 1772 Abraham Hume 1st Baronet (age 69) died. His son Abraham Hume 2nd Baronet (age 23) succeeded 2nd Baronet Hume of Wormleybury in Hertfordshire.

On 10 Oct 1815 George Robinson 5th Baronet (age 85) died. His son George Robinson 6th Baronet (age 49) succeeded 6th Baronet Robinson of London.

On 10 Oct 1887 William Miller 1st Baronet (age 78) died. His son James Percy Miller 2nd Baronet (age 22) succeeded 2nd Baronet Miller of Manderston in Berwickshire.

On 10 Oct 1894 John Dugdale Astley 3rd Baronet (age 66) died. His son Francis Edmund George Astley-Corbett 4th Baronet (age 35) succeeded 4th Baronet Astley of Everleigh in Wiltshire.

On 10 Oct 1912 Emily Charlotte Burgh Countess Cork (age 83) died.

On 10 Oct 1915 Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet (age 67) died. His son Oswald Mosley 5th Baronet (age 41) succeeded 5th Baronet Mosley of Ancoats. Monument at St Mary's Church, Rolleston on Dove [Map].

Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet: On 25 Sep 1848 he was born to Tonman Mosley 3rd Baronet and Catherine Wood. On 28 Apr 1890 Tonman Mosley 3rd Baronet died. His son Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet succeeded 4th Baronet Mosley of Ancoats.

Oswald Mosley 5th Baronet: On 29 Dec 1873 he was born to Oswald Mosley 4th Baronet at Beaumaris, Anglesey. On 12 Dec 1895 Oswald Mosley 5th Baronet and Katharine Maud Edwards-Heathcote were married.

On 10 Oct 1931 Bertram Mckennal (age 68) died.

On 10 Oct 1994 Richard J C Atkinson (age 74) died.