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On this Day in History ... 12th March

12 Mar is in March.

1470 Welles' Rebellion and Battle of Losecoat Field aka Empingham

1672 Attack on the Smyrna Fleet

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 12th March

On 12 Mar 1270 Charles Valois I Count Valois was born to King Philip III of France (age 24) and Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France (age 22). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Patent Rolls Edward IV 1461. 12 Mar 1461. Westminster Palace [Map]. Commission to the king's kinsman Richard, Earl of Warwick (age 32), to receive deserters from the party of King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 39) and to cause proclamations to be made to the effect, and to seize the possessions of all recusants. By K (age 18) by word of mouth.

On 12 Mar 1470 King Edward IV of England (age 27) commanded at the Battle of Losecoat Field (Empingham). The battle apparently didn't take place since the army of Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles fled in the face of the Royal army. The name 'Losecoat' not contemporary; Battle of Empingham may be. Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles was captured with documents describing the fomenting of rebellion by Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 41) and George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 20).

On 12 Mar 1470 Thomas Dymoke (age 42) was beheaded at Queen's Cross, Stamford.

On 12 Mar 1470 Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby (age 42). Note. Some sources say on battlefield immediately prior to the battle. Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles succeeded 8th Baron Welles.

On 12 Mar 1487 William Gascoigne (age 35) died at Gawthorpe Hall [Map]. All Saints Church Harewood [Map]. Monument to William Gascoigne and Margaret Percy (age 40). Fluted Period. Alabaster chest tomb with a fine array of weepers, possibly their children although too many, women one side, nine men the other, one of which appears with angels wings, possible children and spouses. He wearing a Lancastrian Esses Collar with unusual O links. Clean shaved, no bascinet, his head resting on a helm with bulls head crest. His armour plate over which there appears to be, unusually for the period, a tabard.  The left hand side of his face appears disfigured. Possibly a war wound. She wearing the widow's barbe. Note. Gardner describes this monument as being to Sir John Nevill of Womersley, died 1482. Chest with Weepers. Chest with Angels with Rounded Wings holding Shields. Angels Supporting Pillow.

William Gascoigne: Around 1452 he was born to William Gascoigne XIII and Joan Neville at Gawthorpe Hall. Before 1467 William Gascoigne and Margaret Percy were married. She the daughter of Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland and Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland. They were half second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. In 1478 he was appointed Knight of the Bath. In 1480 William Gascoigne received a license to crenellate at Gawthorpe Hall.

Margaret Percy: Around 1447 she was born to Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland and Eleanor Poynings Countess Northumberland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 12 Mar 1491 Robert Chamberlayne (age 53) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].

Letters 1536. 12 Mar 1536. Vit. B. xxi. 141. B. M. 458. Thos. Tebold to Earl of Wiltshire (age 59).

"Please it your Lordship to understand .... I have received your most loving letters wh .... of Reygnard Wolfe, for the which I most ho .... Lordship, praying God to give me that power aug .... may once with my service and diligent endeavour reco[mpense] your great goodness, to the which my heart shall never .... [de]syrying your Lordship to continue this your good w[ill tow]erd me so long as you shall perceive me most willing [and] diligent to accomplish your pleasure, and to do that thy[ng] which I shall judge to be acceptable to you."

This money came to me happily for two causes, because I fear war and because I have spent much in riding to Norenberg, Wy[ten]berg, Augusta, and Ulmes, from all which places I have written to you. I have had letters of commendation to the learned men there. It is costly at Tubynge, for you desired me to haunt the acquaintance of the best, and I am familiarly acquainted with the bishop of the town, the bishop and reformator of the whole country, the governor of the town, and most of the professors, being better esteemed than perhaps I am worthy, and of more credit than it becomes me to rehearse. The expense has not been very great, for I had not more than 30 li. in bank at leaving England, and I have come a long journey, not knowing the language, and stopped on my way at Collen, Franckford, and Heydylberg, where the Palsgrave was married, besides being sick for five or six weeks. I have also bought books and raiment, and made journeys to Wyttemberge, Ausborge, and Noremberg, which cost me about seven weeks, and there are also my commons at Tubyng. I reckon the money well bestowed, for I have seen most of the chiefest cities in Almayne, and spoken with many of the best learned men. I could now travel to all these parts without a guide, and, if you were disposed, could cause works both in divinity and other subjects to be dedicated to you. You commanded me to tell you how I have profited in the Almain tongue and the Latin tongue, and al[though] I have tarried but little in one place since my coming .... "kn .... [un]derstand the most part what the * * * I un .... he speaketh more and better th ....but that is but for lack of use, which, God willing, I will shortly .... my return recover. Further, your Lordship may demand of Reygnard W[olfe] .... yn tongue I have had no great time or rest since my coming hither to have yn .... re than I had before when I was in Lovayne by reason .... use in speaking Latin that I had there the Latin tongue .... as familiar unto me as English, and I had as leve have [spoken] Latin as English;" but my being in France and learning French has made me less prompt, but a little use will make me prompter. I think, however, that I speak as readily as the common sort here, and I have daily communication with the best learned men, who commonly speak not all the readiest for lack of use. I will diligently labour at these two tongues. As for uttering my mind in speaking, I do not fear to whom I speak, not for excellency, but for true Latin, without studying or stumbling. As to leaving Tubyng, which you refer to my decision, I shall not depart this summer, because at Strosborge, where I intended to have gone, they begin to die of the pestilence, and I had rather go there toward winter. Another cause is that a young kinsman of Mons. de Langie has come here to study Latin and Dutch, having lived with Melancthon for a year at Wittenberg, and also at Nurenberg for a year. Langie has obtained 500 cr. a year for him from the King to stay at Tubing, and resort to the duke of Wirtemberg and others, who will communicate with the King through him. I expect to obtain news through him, and we intend to have private masters to read Dutch and good Latin authors. The Duke has given him a goodly lodging. He was lately with the dukes of Bavaria, from whom he had 100 cr. as a reward. He tells me that one of them has not forsaken the French king, and that the other wavers. If this is true, I suspect there is not such earnest hatred between them and our Duke as they pretend, but the rumour was spread that they might have occasion to muster and view their people. The truth will come out if the Emperor and French king once meddle earnestly together. The people of Bavare are esteemed the worst men of war in Dutchland and * * * "of the own . . I saw not two parsons off refuse .... y met to war. I never saw greater and stronger people and bett[er] .... nerallye, wearing their harness and bearing their p .... bardes and hand guns, triumphing in the way as the[y went, inso]much that a man would think they were lanceknights [brought] up and exercised all their life in war. When they w[ere assem]bled all afore the governour of the town he made a sm[all orai]son to them in Dutch, showing them that the Prince desired nor intended war against no man, but to live quietly in peace [with] his well-beloved subjects, notwithstanding he was adve[rtised] of certain envies which privately had conspired agai[nst] him and them, which suddenly would invade them unawares, and f .... them .... to provide against this great danger in time, he had cause[d] them to assemble to give them warning to be in readiness," giving every man an oath not to leave the country without licence. He desired them to be of good courage, for he would demand no money of his subjects, for he had plenty of money, wine and victuals, and friends to take his part. They were then ordered to go to the Prince's castle, and fetch as much wine and bread as they would. They brought the wine in pails and tubs, and quaffed merrily till they were drunk. The governor's good words and this liberality set these rustics so on fire and in love with their Duke that they desired nothing else but war, being content to go whither their Prince would. When the Prince goes to war he gives no wages to his subjects, but only meat and drink, and that slenderly, except when they are going to fight, when they have their bellies full of good wine. The duchy can raise nearly 30,000 foot and 300 or 400 horse. I think our Duke favours the French king, but he dissembles, for the Emperor is proving all his friends, and has commanded that whoever goes out of the Empire to help the French king shall never return except he be content to lose his head and his goods. I think this is because the Emperor demands Milan in his own name; "but for the .... it is thought here that the Pope is in league with the .... and the .... last letter to you it * * * themperor, howbeit some r .... [fa]vor in their heart on this matter the French king, for themper[or has] too much power already in Italy. The Emperor could not use .... more for his profit than at this time to be pre .... partly to establish them in Naples .... thought somewhat to favor the French king, and further . . make amity and accord with the other princes of Italy, at least [to] find the means that they do not meddle against him." It is thought that the Turk is procured to come on the other side against the Emperor. The French king has a good beginning for the invasion of Milan, for he has invaded great part of the lands of the duke of Savoy and the city of Berne. We hear that the duke of Savoy has fled to Milan. I enclose a copy of a letter from a preacher in the army of Berne to my host, who is preacher of Tubyng. Berne is one of the 12 confederated villages or cantons of Switzerland, and can raise 30,000 men born there, having 30 earldoms and 10 seniories. Shaffhowse, another canton, can make 15,000 or 16,000, and Friburg as many. Basyle is also one of their cantons. Strosborought, an imperial city, has no great country nor possessions, but there is no city in Almain so strong, and they are rich enough to support 30,000 men for two years, and have victuals to keep the city for four years. The strength of the 60 cities and 10 Imperials, besides the princes and bishops of the Empire, is very great. At my departure from Tubyng, I asked the bishop and reformator general of our duchy whether he would give me any commands for Franckforde or Strosborg. "Then he asked me if I had any acquaintance with Bucerus and .... and other learned men there .... said he * * * with him .... articles of the French .... n in receiving the Gospel sent to our Duke of late by an ambassador from him, which articles the Duke sent to him, requiring him with all speed to ma[ke] answer to them, which I read also, very clerkly written, condemning all their petitions as fantasies, follies, and great dissimula[tions] .... in words to have the name of an evan[gelist] .... follow it and express it in deed, for he will .... in a manner as afore both in the Pope, cery .... men, and divers other articles by the which he .... hatred in Almain than favour. But all men mock .... ambassy at Smalcaldia, concerning his petitions for .... the Gospel, and so they did likewise at Noremberg, as I [wrote] to your Lordship at large from thence."

Gives an account of the hospitality shown to him by the son of the Margrave of Baden at Phorseyne (Pforzheim), whose acquaintance he had made at Orleans. Supped at his castle, where his father, who is very old and sickly, has his lodging apart. "After much communication of many matters of France .... and by occasion I moved communication of war between .... mas he said his father had * * * that it was thought the Emperor should have from .... subjects in Almain 11,000 horsemen, but of .... he said he was sure, adding that 1,000 of them .... of the Palsgrave's provision, and 1,000 should [come] from about Colleyne." He said the French king would not have as many as he trusted and was promised, because of this strait command of the Emperor that all lanzknechts going to the French king should lose their heads, pretending that this war is in the name of the empire. Some who would have gone to the French king have already been hanged. He has sent to the Almain gentlemen and lanzknechts already in France, that if they will return at once they shall have favor and pardon, but if not their goods shall be confiscated, and they shall lose their heads if they ever return. They mentioned a baron and a gentleman or two who have already returned. Asked whether the Earl of Furstenberge would return, who is chief for the French king in these parts, and an old captain of his. They said he had nothing to lose, and did not care to return; but I have since heard that his brother has taken possession of a seniory of his. He said he was sure that the French king had not more than 6,000 or 7,000 lanzknechts, though the report is that he has 20,000, for as many would have gone to him if they had not been forbidden. Every one says they would rather serve the King than the Emperor, for the former gives more wages and pays them better, though he does the contrary with his own subjects. After supper the Prince led me over his court. The buildings are about as large as my lord of Canterbury's place at Otford, but not so goodly. It is very old. He showed me his great guns, harness, hand guns, &c. * * * ". . ller that ever I saw, yet I saw a very goodly one ...., .... castle at Wyttenberg, he showed me that th .... ed in his father's court 200 or 300 pars[ons] .... as goodly horses as ever I saw." He invited me to stay with him when I would. Great part of his lands lie beside Basele. I think he is of kin to the Emperor by his father, and to the dukes of Brande[nburg] by his mother. His father is a great papist, but I think he is in[diff]erent, for when he showed me his father's artillery, in which he has great pleasure, "I said to him in French that if I were in his taking I would have twice as many as there were and better, which should cost no great money. And he asked me how? And I said when his father died I would visit abbeys and religious houses where were many bells that did serve for no other purpose but to ring to dinner and supper, and to hypocrisy and superstition, with the which he might furnish himself in guns and hackbutts abundantly to defend his country, and with the monks' possessions he might bring up learned men to be of his council, for his great profit and the country, likewise to nourish with the said possessions also a great many of horsemen, in the which is all their pleasure, &c. At the which he fell in a great laughter that he could scarce stand; wherefore his gentlemen and doctors desired greatly to know what I said, but he would not tell them, forbidding me also to show them, for he would for [no] good that it should come to his father's ear that he rejoiced in such a matter." We hear by posts from Lyons that the French king has assembled more than 100,000 persons there. It is generally thought that our King and the Pope are helping him. These Brabantynes and Flemyngs do most ungoodly rail a[gainst] England and the King, and desire war with us, "saying that our King his grace is covy[to]use and layeth up money for them. This, with many other railing wor[ds], they use in all companies. Merchants of these high parts hath .... times of it, greatly mocking them becau[se] .... yevel men of * * * that they know us no more.

".... to understand that at this present I spake with two merchants of .... of my old acquaintance which do occupy much to .... lly to Lyone, wherefore the merchants having a post .... showed me that they were certified in letters from thence, that [the French] king had lately viewed his host," and had given to William [earl] of Furstenberg, the captain of the lanceknights (6,000 or 7,000 in number), a chain of gold worth 1,000 cr., a chain to all the other captains, and a crown to each lanceknight. Earl Frederick, brother to Earl William, will be captain for the Emperor of 4,000 horse and 10,000 lanceknights. They showed me a tale of the Pope's treason against the Emperor such as I wrote before. The people here commonly favor the Emperor, especially the Imperial cities, for the Emperor pretends that he is warring for the profit of the empire, "and to subdue to them and not to himself." They say that he intends to make Florence a city Imperial; but I fear he will keep his conquests for himself, as Philip, the father of Alexander the Great, did. A mad foolish fellow and unlearned, named Cochlæus, who is with duke Frederick, the brother or uncle of the duke of Saxony, has madly and railingly written against the King for the death of More and Fisher and other matters. Your Lordship shall receive the book from Reygnard Wolfe. Among learned men Cochlæus is esteemed not only unlearned, but foolish, mad, and fantastical, but his book doth and will do hurt. I marvel that no answer is made to Erasmus' epistle1 for More and Fisher.

Sends an epistle of Clement Marrott, an excellent French poet, who has fled from France for the Gospel. We hear from these merchants that the Emperor will have 1,000 horse from about Gulyk, July, and Luke, who are only waiting for certainty of their stipend, and that worthily, for in their last journey for the Emperor they spent all they had, and received no recompense.

There are no new maps or pictures. If there were, I would send them. As for books, you shall .... [Wol]fe such as * * * .... e Sundaye.

Hol., pp. 8. Mutilated. The address is written on the back of § 2, which is the enclosure referred to in the letter (see p. 186).

Note 1. The letter signed Gulielmus Covrinus Nucerinus (Vol. VIII., No. 1096) was commonly, and no doubt rightly, attributed to Erasmus.

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Holinshed's Chronicle 1542. 12 Mar 1542. After his deceasse, the twelfe of the same moneth of March, sir Iohn Audeleie (age 38) sonne and heire to the said lord Lisles wife, was at Westminster created vicount Lisle.

Hall's Chronicle 1542. 12 Mar 1542. And the twelve daye of the saied moneth, sir Jhon Dudley (age 38) sonne and heire to the saied Lorde Lisles wife was at Westmynster created Viscount Lisle.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 12 Mar 1559. The xij day of Marche was the sam hers was taken downe the day a-for she was browth to the chyrche, the wyche was as goodly hers of v prynsepalles as has bene sene, with armes and penselles.

On 12 Mar 1560. [Some sources say 25 Feb 1560] Catherine Blount (deceased) died. On 11 Aug 1580 Maurice Berkeley (age 54) died. Church of St Mary, Bruton [Map]. Elizabethan Period recumbent effigies of himself and his two wives Catherine Blount and Elizabeth Sands (age 27) in an Easter sepulchre-type recess with double round arched front, Corinthian pilasters and strapwork panels. Ruff. Panel with quartered arms 1 Berkeley Arms 2 probably Tiptoft Arms, possibly Wotton Arms 3 Unknown Arms 4 probably Babington Arms, possibly Zouche Arms differenced with a label three points, overall a Crescent.

Catherine Blount: John Champernowne and she were married. Around 1518 she was born to William Blount 4th Baron Mountjoy and Alice Keble Baroness Mountjoy. After 1541 Maurice Berkeley and she were married. Henry Machyn's Diary. 12 Mar 1560. The xij day of Marche was bered at Dyttun my lade Barkeley, the wyff of ser Mores Barthelay knyght, with a penon of armes and a iiij dosen of skochyons, and a harold of armes, master Rychemond.

Elizabeth Sands: In 1533 she was born to Anthony Sands of Throwley in Kent. In 1562 Maurice Berkeley and she were married. The difference in their ages was 27 years. On 16 Jun 1585 she died at Berkeley House. She was buried at the St James' Church, Clerkenwell where a monument was constructed. Before 16 Jun 1685 she was appointed Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1616. 12 Mar 1616. Upon the 12th I told my Lord (age 26) how I had left those writings which the Judges and my Lord would have me sign and seal behind with my Mother.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 12 Mar 1617. Upon the 12th I wrote to my Lord (age 27), to Sir Walter Raleigh, Marsh, &c.

On 12 Mar 1634 Francis Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Philip IV King Spain (age 28) and Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 4.39%.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12 Mar 1665. Lord's Day. Up, and borrowing Sir J. Minnes's (age 66) coach, to my Lord Sandwich's (age 39), but he was gone abroad. I sent the coach back for my wife, my Lord a second time dining at home on purpose to meet me, he having not dined once at home but those times since his coming from sea. I sat down and read over the Bishop of Chichester's (age 73) sermon upon the anniversary of the King's death, much cried up, but, methinks, but a mean sermon.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12 Mar 1668. Up, and to the office, where all the morning, at noon home, and after dinner with wife and Deb., carried them to Unthanke's, and I to Westminster Hall [Map] expecting our being with the Committee this afternoon about Victualling business, but once more waited in vain. So after a turn or two with Lord Brouncker (age 48), I took my wife up and left her at the 'Change [Map] while I to Gresham College, there to shew myself; and was there greeted by Dr. Wilkins (age 54), Whistler, and others, as the patron of the Navy Office, and one that got great fame by my late speech to the Parliament. Here I saw a great trial of the goodness of a burning glass, made of a new figure, not spherical (by one Smithys, I think, they call him), that did burn a glove of my Lord Brouncker's from the heat of a very little fire, which a burning glass of the old form, or much bigger, could not do, which was mighty pretty. Here I heard Sir Robert Southwell (age 32) give an account of some things committed to him by the Society at his going to Portugall, which he did deliver in a mighty handsome manner1. Thence went away home, and there at my office as long as my eyes would endure, and then home to supper, and to talk with Mr. Pelling, who tells me what a fame I have in the City for my late performance; and upon the whole I bless God for it. I think I have, if I can keep it, done myself a great deal of repute. So by and by to bed.

Note 1. At the meeting of the Royal Society on March 12th, 1668, "Mr. Smethwick's glasses were tried again; and his telescope being compared with another longer telescope, and the object-glasses exchanged, was still found to exceed the other in goodness; and his burning concave being compared with a spherical burning-glass of almost twice the diameter, and held to the fire, it burnt gloves, whereas the other spherical ones would not burn at all".-"Sir Robert Southwell being lately returned from Portugal, where he had been ambassador from the King (age 37), and being desired to acquaint the society with what he had done with respect to the instructions, which he had received from them before his departure from England, related, that he had lodged the astronomical quadrant, which the society had sent to Portugal to make observations with there, with a body of men at Lisbon, who had applied themselves among other kinds of literature to mathematics" (Birch's "History of the Royal Society", vol. ii., p. 256).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12 Mar 1669. Up, and abroad, with my own coach, to Auditor Beale's house, and thence with W. Hewer (age 27) to his Office, and there with great content spent all the morning looking over the Navy accounts of several years, and the several patents of the Treasurers, which was more than I did hope to have found there. About noon I ended there, to my great content, and giving the clerks there 20s. for their trouble, and having sent for W. Howe to me to discourse with him about the Patent Office records, wherein I remembered his brother to be concerned, I took him in my coach with W. Hewer and myself towards Westminster; and there he carried me to Nott's, the famous bookbinder, that bound for my Chancellor's (age 60) library; and here I did take occasion for curiosity to bespeak a book to be bound, only that I might have one of his binding.

John Evelyn's Diary. 12 Mar 1672. To this succeeded the King's (age 41) declaration for an universal toleration; Papists and swarms of Sectaries, now boldly showing themselves in their public meetings. !This was imputed to the same council, Clifford (age 41) warping to Rome as was believed, nor was Lord Arlington (age 54) clear of suspicion, to gratify that party, but as since it has proved, and was then evidently foreseen, to the extreme weakening of the Church of England and its Episcopal Government, as it was projected. I speak not this as my own sense, but what was the discourse and thoughts of others, who were lookers-on; for I think there might be some relaxations without the least prejudice to the present establishment, discreetly limited, but to let go the reins in this manner, and then to imagine they could take them up again as easily, was a false policy, and greatly destructive. The truth is, our Bishops slipped the occasion; for, had they held a steady hand upon his Majesty's restoration, as they might easily have done, the Church of England had emerged and flourished, without interruption; but they were then remiss, and covetous after advantages of another kind while his Majesty suffered them to come into a harvest, with which, without any injustice he might have remunerated innumerable gallant gentlemen for their services who had ruined themselves in the late rebellion.

On 12 Mar 1672 Admiral John Holmes (age 32), commanding The Gloucester, and Thomas Butler 6th Earl Ossory (age 37) attacked the Dutch Smyrna Fleet on its return from the Mediterranean beginning the Third Anglo-Dutch War.

John Evelyn's Diary. 12 Mar 1672. Now was the first blow given by us to the Dutch convoy of the Smyrna fleet, by Sir Robert Holmes (age 32) and Lord Ossory (age 37), in which we received little save blows, and a worthy reproach for attacking our neighbors ere any war was proclaimed, and then pretending the occasion to be, that some time before, the Merlin yacht chancing to sail through the whole Dutch fleet, their Admiral did not strike to that trifling vessel. Surely, this was a quarrel slenderly grounded, and not becoming Christian neighbors. We are likely to thrive, accordingly. Lord Ossory several times deplored to me his being engaged in it; he had more justice and honor than in the least to approve of it, though he had been over-persuaded to the expedition. There is no doubt but we should have surprised this exceeding rich fleet, had not the avarice and ambition of Holmes and Spragge (age 52) separated themselves, and willfully divided our fleet, on presumption that either of them was strong enough to deal with the Dutch convoy without joining and mutual help; but they so warmly plied our divided fleets, that while in conflict the merchants sailed away, and got safe into Holland.

On 12 Mar 1673 Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress (age 21) died.

John Evelyn's Diary. 12 Mar 1686. A docquet was to be seal' d importing a lease of 21 yeares to one Hall, who styl'd himselfe his Ma*'s (age 52) printer (he lately turn'd Papist) for the printing Missalls, Offices, Lives of Saints, Portals, Primers, &c. books expressly forbidden to be printed or sold, by divers Acts of Parliament; I refus'd to put the seale to it, making my exceptions, so it was laied by.

On 12 Mar 1724 Francis Scott 2nd Duke Buccleuch (age 29) was appointed Fellow of the Royal Society.

On 12 Mar 1731 Mary Carew (age 15) died.

Mary Carew: Around Apr 1715 she was born to William Carew 5th Baronet and Anne Coventry Lady Carew.

On 12 Mar 1753 Mary Meynell (age 32) died. Memorial at St Mary's Church, Tissington [Map].

Mary Meynell: Around 1721 she was born to Littleton Pointz Meynell. On 23 Jun 1744 William Fitzherbert and she were married at Somersal Herbert, Derbyshire.

Greville Memoirs. 12 Mar 1832. Durham made another exhibition of temper at the Cabinet dinner last Wednesday. While Lord Grey was saying something he rudely interrupted him, as his custom is. Lord Grey said, 'But, my dear Lambton, only hear what I was going to say,' when the other jumped up and said, 'Oh, if I am not to be allowed to speak I may as well go away,' rang the bell, ordered his carriage, and marched off. Wharncliffe (age 55) came to me yesterday morning to propose writing a pamphlet in answer to the 'Quarterly Review,' which has got an article against his party. I suggested instead that an attempt should be made by Sandon (who has been in some communication with the editor about this matter) to induce the 'Morning Herald' to support us, and make that paper the vehicle of our articles. This he agreed to, and was to propose it to Sandon last night. We have no advocate in the press; the Whig and Tory papers are equally violent against us. Yesterday I saw a letter which has been circulated among the Tories, written by young Lord Redesdale to Lord Bathurst (age 69), a sort of counter-argument to Lord Harrowby's letter, although not an answer, as it was written before he had seen that document; there is very little in it.

On 12 Mar 1868 General Mildmay Fane (age 73) died from a fall from a horse whilst hunting. He was unmarried.

Births on the 12th March

On 12 Mar 1270 Charles Valois I Count Valois was born to King Philip III of France (age 24) and Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France (age 22). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 12 Mar 1281 John Nesle V Count Soissons was born to John Nesle IV Count Soissons and Marguerite Rumigny Countess Soissons.

Around 12 Mar 1312 John de Vere 7th Earl of Oxford was born to Alphonse Vere and Jane Foliot.

On 12 Mar 1336 Edward Duke Guelders was born to Reginald "Black" II Duke Guelders (age 41) and Eleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet (age 17). He a grandson of King Edward II of England.

On 12 Mar 1367 Mary Percy Baroness Ros of Helmsley was born to Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 46) and Joan Orreby Baroness Percy (age 18).

On 12 Mar 1385 Isabel Plantagenet was born to Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester (age 30) and Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester (age 19). She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.67%.

On 12 Mar 1626 John Aubrey was born to Richard Aubrey.

On 12 Mar 1633 John Evelyn 1st Baronet was born to John Evelyn (age 42).

On 12 Mar 1634 Francis Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Philip IV King Spain (age 28) and Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 4.39%.

On 12 Mar 1690 George Henry Lee 2nd Earl Lichfield was born to Edward Lee 1st Earl Lichfield (age 27) and Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield (age 25). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12 Mar 1701 Wilhelm Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg (age 24) and Magdalena Augusta Anhalt Zerbst Anhaltzerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg at Gotha.

On 12 Mar 1708 Brook Bridges 2nd Baronet was born to Brook Bridges 1st Baronet (age 28).

On 12 Mar 1712 John Shirley was born to Robert Shirley 1st Earl Ferrers (age 61) and Selina Finch Countess Ferrers (age 30).

On 12 Mar 1718 Joseph Damer 1st Earl Dorchester was born to Joseph Damer (age 42).

On 12 Mar 1749 or 13 Mar 1749 William Robert Fitzgerald 2nd Duke Leinster was born to James Fitzgerald 1st Duke Leinster (age 27) and Emilia Mary Lennox Duchess Leinster (age 17) at Arlington Place. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12 Mar 1752 Charles Hastings 1st Baronet was born illegitimately to Francis Hastings 10th Earl Huntingdon (age 22) at Paris [Map]. His mother was a famous French courtesan, la demoiselle Lany, "danseuse de l'Opéra".

On 12 Mar 1753 William Strickland 6th Baronet was born to George Strickland 5th Baronet (age 24).

On 12 Mar 1772 William Hay 17th Earl Erroll was born to James Hay 15th Earl Erroll (age 45) and Isabella Carr Countess Erroll.

On 12 Mar 1776 Hester Lucy Stanhope was born to Charles Stanhope 3rd Earl Stanhope (age 22) and Hester Pitt (age 20) at Chevening, Sevenoaks.

On 12 Mar 1798 Charles Abbot 2nd Baron Colchester was born to Charles Abbot 1st Baron Colchester (age 40).

On 12 Mar 1828 Trevor Wheler 11th Baronet was born to Francis Wheler 10th Baronet (age 26) and Caroline Palmer at Muttra, India.

On 12 Mar 1853 Esmé Stuart Gordon was born to Charles Gordon 10th Marquess Huntly (age 61) and Maria Antoinetta Pegus Marchioness Huntly (age 32).

On 12 Mar 1854 Edith Katherine Manners was born to John James Robert Manners 7th Duke Rutland (age 35) and Catherine Louise Georgina Marlay (age 23). Her mother died three weeks later. On 24 Mar 1854 Edith Katherine Manners died.

On 12 Mar 1860 Colonel Alfred Nathaniel Curzon was born to Alfred Nathaniel Holden Curzon 4th Baron Scarsdale (age 28) and Blanche Pocklington Senhouse Baroness Scarsdale (age 22).

On 12 Mar 1882 Harry Martin Grey 5th Baronet was born to Captain Harry George Grey (age 29).

Marriages on the 12th March

On 12 Mar 1237 William Jülich IV Count Jülich (age 27) and Margaret Guelders Countess Jülich were married. She by marriage Countess Jülich. He would, thirteen years later, marry her sister Richardis Guelders Countess Jülich (age 22); an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Gerard III Count Guelders and Margaret Reginar Countess Guelders. He the son of William Jülich III Count Jülich and Matilda Luxemburg Countess Jülich. They were third cousins. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.

Before 12 Mar 1407 John "Old Talbot" Talbot 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (age 24) and Maud Neville 6th Baroness Furnivall (age 14) were married. He by marriage Baron Furnivall. They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward I of England.

On 12 Mar 1558 George Gordon 5th Earl Huntley and Anne Hamilton Countess Huntley (age 23) were married. She the daughter of James Hamilton 2nd Earl Arran (age 42) and Margaret Douglas Duchess Châtellerault. He the son of George Gordon 4th Earl Huntley (age 44). They were second cousins.

Before 12 Mar 1561 Christopher Plunkett 6th Baron Killeen (age 38) and Ellice Barnewell (age 28) were married. They were second cousins.

On 12 Mar 1703 Philip Sherard 2nd Earl Harborough (age 23) and Anne Pedley Countess Harborough (age 28) were married.

On 12 Mar 1713 Richard Mill 5th Baronet (age 23) and Mary Knollys were married.

Before 12 Mar 1727 Nicholas Garrard 3rd Baronet (age 72) and Cecilia Stede were married.

On 12 Mar 1751 Charles Wyndham 2nd Earl Egremont (age 40) and Alicia Carpenter Countess Egremont (age 25) were married. She by marriage Countess Egremont.

On 12 Mar 1768 Topham Beauclerk (age 28) and Diana Spencer Viscountess St John and Bolingbroke (age 33) were married. She the daughter of Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough and Elizabeth Trevor Duchess of Marlborough. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12 Mar 1901 William Horsley-Beresford 4th Baron Decies (age 36) and Maria Gertrude Willoughby were married.

Deaths on the 12th March

On 12 Mar 996 Odo Blois I Count Blois (age 46) died. His son Theobald Blois II Count Blois (age 11) succeeded II Count Blois.

On 12 Mar 1310 William Leybourne 1st Baron Leybourne (age 68) died at Criccieth Castle [Map]. Baron Leybourne extinct or abeyant. His son had predeceased him without issue.

On 12 Mar 1445 John Jacob Marquis of Montferrat (age 49) died. His son John IV Marquis of Montferrat (age 31) succeeded IV Marquis Montferrat.

On 12 Mar 1463 George Douglas 4th Earl Angus (age 36) died. His son Archibald "Bell the Cat" Douglas 5th Earl Angus (age 14) succeeded 5th Earl Angus.

Around 12 Mar 1465 Elizabeth Chaworth Baroness Scrope Masham (age 74) died.

On 12 Mar 1539 Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 62) died. He was buried at St Peter's Church, Hever. His monument has a brass. He is depicted dressed in full robes wearing the insignia of a Knight of the Garter, with the Badge on his left breast and the Garter around his left knee. His head rests on a helm surmounted by a crest of a falcon displayed (his daughter's heraldic badge) and his feet rest on a griffin. The inscription reads: Here lieth Sir Thomas Bullen, Knight of the Order of the Garter, Erle of Wilscher and Erle or Ormunde, which decessed the 12th dai of Marche in the iere of our Lorde 1538. Earl Wiltshire, Earl Ormonde and Viscount Rochford extinct. His brother James Boleyn (age 46) inherited Hever Castle, Kent [Map].

In May 1545 Agnes Tilney Duchess Norfolk (age 68) died. Her will was executed while she was still a prisoner. It read:

“I, Agnes, Duchess of Suffolk, widdowe, of late the wife of the most noble Prince, Thomas Duke of Norfolk deceased, make my will XII days of Marche, 1542. My bodye to be buried within the parishe churche of Lambithe, County Surrey, in suche place whereas I have prepared my Tomb. To my Chapple of Lambith, my best chalice of silver and gilte with the patten. I will that my sonne Lord William Howarde have iij partes of all my goodes, both household stuffe, Juells, and Plate. I give to my Lady Bridgewater my daughter, the fourth part of all my goodds, and four parts of all my rayment (clothing). To Sir John Rabon, chauntry priste of Lambithe, a sliver spones. To my nephew, Tinlay (Tilney), a goblet of sliver and gilte without a cover. Executors of my will, my sonne Lord William Hawarde, and my nephew, Tynlay.

Agnes Howard

Between 12 Mar 1561 and 08 Jun 1561 Christopher Plunkett 6th Baron Killeen (age 38) died. His half brother James Plunkett 7th Baron Killeen (age 19) succeeded 7th Baron Killeen.

On 12 Mar 1634 Francis Ferdinand Habsburg Spain died.

Before 12 Mar 1655 Sarah Blount Countess Leicester (age 73) died.

Before 12 Mar 1663 Richard Lumley 1st Viscount Lumley (age 73) died. His grandson Richard Lumley 1st Earl Scarborough (age 13) succeeded 2nd Viscount Lumley.

On 12 Mar 1673 Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress (age 21) died.

On 12 Mar 1703 Aubrey de Vere 20th Earl of Oxford (age 76) died. Earl of Oxford extinct.

On 12 Mar 1727 Nicholas Garrard 3rd Baronet (age 72) died. Baronet Garrard of Langford in Norfolk extinct.

On 12 Mar 1751 Henry Lowther 3rd Viscount Lonsdale (age 57) died unmarried. Viscount Lonsdale in Westmoreland extinct.

On 12 Mar 1782 Mary Edwards Baroness Middleton died.

On 12 Mar 1786 Barbara Herbert Countess Powis (age 50) died.

On 12 Mar 1820 Charlotte Affleck Lady Dolben died.

On 12 Mar 1833 Francis Mathew 2nd Earl Landaff (age 65) died without issue. Earl Llandaff of Thomastown in Tipperary extinct.

On 12 Mar 1856 George Irby 3rd Baron Boston (age 78) died. His son George Ives Irby 4th Baron Boston (age 53) succeeded 4th Baron Boston, 5th Baronet Irby of Whaplode and Boston. Fanny Elizabeth Hopkins-Northey Baroness Boston (age 47) by marriage Baroness Boston.

On 12 Mar 1874 Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond (age 77) died.

On 12 Mar 1915 Frederica Cockerell Baroness North died.

On 12 Mar 1922 Ellen Gallwey Countess of Wharncliffe (age 58) died.

On 12 Mar 1948 Gertrude Stansfeld Foster Marchioness Normanby died.

On 12 Mar 1997 William Hare 5th Earl of Listowel (age 90) died. His son Francis Hare 6th Earl of Listowel (age 32) succeeded 6th Earl Listowel in County Kerry.