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On this Day in History ... 16th September

16 Sep is in September.

1398 Thomas Mowbray Duel

1513 Battle of Flodden

1665 Battle of Vågen

1701 Death of King James II

1916 Battle of the Somme

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1343 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 37) died. His son Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 10) succeeded II King Navarre.

On 16 Sep 1380 King Charles V of France (age 42) died. His son Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 11) succeeded VI King France: Capet Valois.

Chronicle of Adam of Usk. [Before 16 Sep 1398]. In the said parliament, the Duke of Hereford (age 31), son of the said Duke of Lancaster, accused the Duke of Norfolk (age 30) of treason. Whereupon the king assigned the day after the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, which was then approaching, for them to duel on that matter. In the meantime, the Duke of Hereford, under surety, departed wherever he wished. However, the Duke of Norfolk was imprisoned at Windsor under custodial guard, and his offices were given to others who were also his accusers: namely, the office of Marshal of England to the Duke of Surrey (age 24), and the office of Captain of Calais to the Duke of Exeter. Because of these grants, between him and them, by the just judgment of God, God sent great chaos of schism, according to that prophecy, whence the verse:—

"By the judgment of the heavens, the company of the wicked shall be broken apart."

In dicto parliamento, dux Herfordie, filius dicti ducis Lancastrie, de prodicione dictum ducem Norfolkie appellavit. Unde rex assignavit eis crastinum Exaltacionis Sancte Crucis tunc proxime sequens ad duellandum in ea parte. Dux Herfordie interim sub fidejussoria caucione quo volebat se divertit. Duce tamen Northfolchie aput Wyndesor carcerali mancipato custodie, ejusdem officia aliis coappellatoribus suis fuerunt collata, officium scilicet marescallie Anglie duci Surreye, et officium capitanie Callicie duci Exonie ; propter quas concessiones inter ipsum et eos, justo Dei judicio, misit Deus magnum scismatis chaos, juxta illud prophecie, unde versus:—

"Judice celorum rumpetur turba malorum."

Chronicle of Adam of Usk. [16 Sep 1398]. On the day of the duel, both arrived at the designated place, fortified by a water-filled ditch, in great splendor. However, the Duke of Hereford (age 31) appeared much more glorious, adorned with the magnificent display of seven different horses. And because the king had learned through sorcery that the Duke of Norfolk (age 30) would prevail, he was greatly pleased, desiring the destruction of the Duke of Hereford. Yet, during the encounter, it appeared to him that the Duke of Hereford would prevail. The king then ordered the duel to be dissolved, sentencing the Duke of Norfolk to perpetual exile, though he still sought an opportunity to reconcile with him. As for the Duke of Hereford, the king banished him from the kingdom for ten years. The first [Duke of Norfolk] died in exile in Venice; the second [Duke of Hereford] gloriously returned to the kingdom within a year, deposed the banishing king, and powerfully reigned in his place.

Quo duelli die ambo in magno apparatu ad ipsum locum fossa aquatica munitum venerunt. Set dux Herefordie multum gloriosius cum septem equorum diversitatis apparatu insignitus comparuit. Et, quia rex a sortilegio habuerat quod dux Northfolchie tune prevaleret, ducis Herfordie destruccionem affectando multum gaudebat. Set in congressu eorundem sibi videbatur quod dux Herffordie prevaleret. Rex duellum mandavit dissolvi, dicto dueci Northfolchie perpetuum exilium inducendo, affectans tamen eundem, captata oportunitate, reconsiliare. Ducem vero Herfordie pro decem annis bannivit a regno. Primus Veniciis in exilio expiravit; secundus infra annum ad regnum gloriose rediit, ac, banniente deposito, in eodem potenter regnavit.

Froissart Book 4 Chapter 95. 16 Sep 1398. Not long after this, the king of England (age 31) summoned a large council of the great nobles and prelates at Eltham [Map]. On their arrival, he placed his two uncles of Lancaster (age 58) and York (age 57) beside him, with the earls of Northumberland (age 56), Salisbury (age 48) and Huntingdon (age 46). The earl of Derby (age 31) and the earl marshal (age 30) were sent for, and put into separate chambers, for it had been ordered they were not to meet. The king showed he wished to mediate between them, notwithstanding their words had been very displeasing to him, and ought not to be lightly pardoned. He required therefore that they should submit themselves to his decision; and to this end sent the constable of England, with four great barons, to oblige them to promise punctually to obey it. The constable and the lords waited on the two earls, and explained the king's intentions They both bound themselves, in their presence, to abide by whatever sentence the king should give. They having reported this, the king said,- "Well then, I order that the earl marshal, for having caused trouble in this kingdom, by uttering words which he could not prove otherwise than by common report, be banished the realm: he may seek any other land he pleases to dwell in, but he must give over all hope of returning hither, as I banish him for life. I also order, that the earl of Derby, our cousin, for having angered us, and because he has been, in some measure, the cause of the earl marshal's crime and punishment, prepare to leave the kingdom within fifteen days, and be banished hence for the term of ten years, without daring to return unless recalled by us; but we shall reserve to ourself the power of abridging this term in part or altogether." The sentence was satisfactory to the lords present, who said: "The earl of Derby may readily go two or three years and amuse himself in foreign parts, for he is young enough; and, although he has already travelled to Prussia, the Holy Sepulchre, Cairo and Saint Catherine's1, he will find other places to visit. He has two sisters, queens of Castillo (age 25) and of Portugal (age 38), and may cheerfully pass his time with them. The lords, knights and squires of those countries, will make him welcome, for at this moment all warfare is at an end. On his arrival in Castille, as he is very active, he may put them in motion, and lead them against the infidels of Granada, which will employ his time better than remaining idle in England. Or he may go to Hainault, where his cousin, and brother in arms, the count d'Ostrevant, will be happily to see him, and gladly entertain him, that he may assist him in his war against the Frieslanders. If he go to Hainault, lie can have frequent intelligence from his own country and children. He therefore cannot fail of doing well, whithersoever he goes; and the king may speedily recall him, through means of the good friends he will leave behind, for he is the finest feather in his cap; and he must not therefore suffer him to be too long absent, if he wish to gain the love of his subjects. The earl marshal has had hard treatment, for he is banished without hope of ever being recalled; but, to say the truth, he has deserved it, for all this mischief has been caused by him and his foolish talking: he must therefore pay for it." Thus conversed many English knights with each other, the day the king passed sentence on the earl of Derby and the earl marshal.

Note 1. The monastery on Mount Sinai. - Ed.

On 16 Sep 1398 King Richard II (age 31), the nobility and thousands of spectators assembled at Gosford Green to witness the duel between the future Henry IV (age 31) and Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 30). the future Henry IV had had new armour constructed. Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 25) and Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 24) managed the proceedings. Just as the duel was to commence King Richard II stopped it. After two hours of deliberation King Richard II had his decision announced; both men were to be exiled. The future Henry IV for ten years,Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk forever.

On 19 Oct 1398 Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk left England never to return.

See Froissart Book 4 Chapter 94.

Ellis' Letters S1 V1 Letter XXXII. 16 Sep 1513. Queen Catherine (age 27) to King Henry VIII (age 22)th, after the Battle of Flodden Field. A. D. 1513.

[MS. COTTON. VESP. F. in. fol. 15. Orig.]

Sir

MY Lord Howard (age 70) hath sent me a Lettre open to your Grace, within oon of myn, by the whiche ye shal see at length the grete Victorye that our Lord hath sent your subgetts in your absence; and for this cause it is noo nede herin to trouble your Grace with long writing, but, to my thinking, this batell hath bee to your Grace and al your reame the grettest honor that coude bee, and more than ye shuld wyn al the crown of Fraunce; thankend bee God of it: and I am suer your Grace forgetteth not to doo this, which shal be cause to send you many moo suche grete victoryes, as I trust he shal doo. My husband, for hastynesse, wt Rogecrosse I coude not sende your Grace the pece of the King of Scotts (deceased) cote [coat] whiche John Glyn now bringeth. In this your grace shal see how I can kepe my premys, sending you for your baners a Kings cote. I thought to sende hymself unto you, but our Englishemens herts wold not suffre it. It shuld have been better for hym to have been in peax than have this rewards. Al that God sendeth is for the best.

My Lord of Surrey (age 40), my Henry, wold fayne knowe your pleasur in the buryeng of the King of Scotts body, for he hath writen to me soo. With the next messanger your grace pleasur may bee herin knowen. And with this I make an ende: prayng God to sende you home shortly, for without this noo joye here can bee accomplisshed; and for the same I pray, and now goo to our Lady at Walsyngham [Map] that I promised soo long agoo to see. At Woborne [Map] the xvj. day of Septembre.

I sende your grace herin a bille founde in a Scottisshemans purse of suche things as the Frenshe King sent to the said King of Scotts to make warre against you, beseching your a to sende Mathewe hider assone this messanger commeth to bringe me tydings from your Grace.

Your humble wif and true servant

KATHERINE.

Click to read complete text ...

Letters and Papers 1528. 16 Sep 1528. Love Letters VI. 4742. Henry VIII (age 37) to Anne Boleyn (age 27).

"The reasonable request of your last letter, with the pleasure also that I take to know them true, causeth me to send you now these news. The Legate which we most desire arrived at Paris on Sunday or Monday last past, so that I trust by the next Monday to hear of his arrival at Calais, and then I trust within a while after to enjoy that which I have so longed for to God's pleasure and our both comfort. No more to you at this present, mine own darling, for lack of time, but that I would you were in mine arms or I in yours, for I think it long since I kissed you. Written after the killing of an hart, at 11 of the clock, minding with God's grace tomorrow mytely tymely to kill another, by the hand of him which I trust shortly shall be yours.-Henry R.".

On 16 Sep 1562 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt (deceased) was buried at All Saints Church, Turvey [Map].

A curious monument to John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt and Elizabeth Vere Baroness Mordaunt with effigies that appear correct for the time of death, Elizabethan Period, whereas the surrounding monument appears a hundred years later. The carving of his head and torso also appear somewhat out of date. No explanation for his missing right foot. Sculpted by T Kirkby.

Elizabeth Vere Baroness Mordaunt: she was born to Henry Vere. Before 1508 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt and she were married. In 1529 John Mordaunt 1st Baron Mordaunt was created 1st Baron Mordaunt. She by marriage Baroness Mordaunt. Before 1561 she died.

What appear to be Harpies supporting the monument.

The Mordaunt Crest has changed to a Blackamoor's Head.

On 16 Sep 1607 Princess Mary Stewart (age 2) died of pneumonia at the Stanwell Park Stanwell, Surrey home of Thomas Knyvet 1st Baron Knyvet (age 62) in whose care she had been placed. As soon as Mary died, the Earl of Worcester (age 57), the Earl of Leicester (age 43) and the Earl of Totnes (age 52) went to Hampton Court Palace [Map], to inform the Queen (age 32) of her daughter's death. Seeing the three men before her, Queen Anne realized what had happened and spared the men the task of telling her.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 16 Sep 1665. At noon to dinner to my Lord Bruncker (age 45), where Sir W. Batten (age 64) and his Lady come, by invitation, and very merry we were, only that the discourse of the likelihood of the increase of the plague this weeke makes us a little sad, but then again the thoughts of the late prizes make us glad.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 16 Sep 1667. Sir H. Cholmly (age 35) do not seem to think there is any such thing can be in the King's intention as that of raising the Duke of Monmouth (age 18) to the Crowne, though he thinks there may possibly be some persons that would, and others that would be glad to have the Queen (age 28) removed to some monastery, or somewhere or other, to make room for a new wife; for they will all be unsafe under the Duke of York (age 33). He says the King (age 37) and Parliament will agree; that is, that the King will do any thing that they will have him. We together to the Exchequer about our Tangier orders, and so parted at the New Exchange, where I staid reading Mrs. Phillips's poems till my wife and Mercer called me to Mrs. Pierce's, by invitation to dinner, where I find her painted, which makes me loathe her, and the nastiest poor dinner that made me sick, only here I met with a Fourth Advice to the Painter upon the coming in of the Dutch to the River and end of the war, that made my heart ake to read, it being too sharp, and so true. Here I also saw a printed account of the examinations taken, touching the burning of the City of London, shewing the plot of the Papists therein; which, it seems, hath been ordered and to have been burnt by the hands of the hangman, in Westminster Palace. I will try to get one of them.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 16 Sep 1667. Up, and several come to me, among others Mr. Yeabsly of Plymouth, Devon [Map], to discourse about their matters touching Tangier, and by and by Sir H. Cholmly (age 35), who was with me a good while; who tells me that the Duke of York's (age 33) child is christened, the Duke of Albemarle (age 58) and the Marquis of Worcester (age 38) godfathers, and my Lady Suffolke (age 45) godmother; and they have named it Edgar, which is a brave name. But it seems they are more joyful in the Chancellor's (age 58) family, at the birth of this Prince, than in wisdom they should, for fear it should give the King (age 37) cause of jealousy.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 16 Sep 1668. So to the office, and thence to St. James's to the Duke of York (age 34), walking it to the Temple [Map], and in my way observe that the Stockes are now pulled quite down; and it will make the coming into Cornhill [Map] and Lumber Street mighty noble. I stopped, too, at Paul's, and there did go into St. Fayth's Church [Map], and also in the body of the west part of the Church; and do see a hideous sight of the walls of the Church ready to fall, that I was in fear as long as I was in it: and here I saw the great vaults underneath the body of the Church. No hurt, I hear, is done yet, since their going to pull down the Church and steeple; but one man, on Monday this week, fell from the top to a piece of the roof, of the east end, that stands next the steeple, and there broke himself all to pieces. It is pretty here to see how the late Church was but a case wrought over the old Church; for you may see the very old pillars standing whole within the wall of this. When I come to St. James's, I find the Duke of York gone with the King (age 38) to see the muster of the Guards in Hyde Park; and their Colonel, the Duke of Monmouth (age 19), to take his command this day of the King's Life-Guard, by surrender of my Lord Gerard (age 50). So I took a Hackney-coach and saw it all: and indeed it was mighty noble, and their firing mighty fine, and the Duke of Monmouth in mighty rich clothes; but the well-ordering of the men I understand not. Here, among a thousand coaches that were there, I saw and spoke to Mrs. Pierce: and by and by Mr. Wren (age 39) hunts me out, and gives me my Lord Anglesey's (age 54) answer to the Duke of York's letter, where, I perceive, he do do what he can to hurt me, by bidding the Duke of York call for my books: but this will do me all the right in the world, and yet I am troubled at it. So away out of the Park, and home; and there Mr. Gibson and I to dinner: and all the afternoon with him, writing over anew, and a little altering, my answer to the Duke of York, which I have not yet delivered, and so have the opportunity of doing it after seeing all their answers, though this do give me occasion to alter very little. This done, he to write it over, and I to the Office, where late, and then home; and he had finished it; and then he to read to me the life of Archbishop Laud, wrote by Dr. Heylin; which is a shrewd book, but that which I believe will do the Bishops in general no great good, but hurt, it pleads for so much Popish. So after supper to bed. This day my father's letters tell me of the death of poor Fancy, in the country, big with puppies, which troubles me, as being one of my oldest acquaintances and servants. Also good Stankes is dead.

John Evelyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1685. There was something said of the second sight happening to some persons, especialy Scotch; upon which his Ma*, and I think Lord Arran, told us that Mons a French nobleman, lately here in England, seeing the late Duke of Monmouth come into yc play-house at London, suddenly cried out to somebody sitting in the same box, Voila Monsieur comme il entre sans tete. Afterwards his Ma* (age 51) spoke of some reliques that had effected strange cures, particularly a piece of our Bl. Saviour's Crosse, that heal'd a gentleman's rotten nose by onely touching; and speaking of the golden crosse and chaine taken out of the coffin of St. Edward the Confessor at Westmr*, by one of the singing men, who, as the scaffolds were taking down after his Ma*s coronation, espying a hole in the tomb, and something glisten, put his hand in, and brought it to the Deane, and he to the King; his Maty began to put the Bishop in mind how earnestly the late King (his brother) call'd upon him, during his agonie, to take out what he had in his pocket. I had thought, said the King, it had ben for some keys, which might lead to some cabinet that his Ma* would have me secure; but, says he, you well remember that I found nothing in any of his pockets but a crosse of gold, and a few insignificant papers; and thereupon he shew'd us the crosse, and was pleas'd to put it into my hand. It was of gold, about three inches long, having on one side a crucifix enamell'd and emboss'd, the rest was grav'd and garnish'd with goldsmiths' work, and two pretty broad table amethists (as I conceiv'd), and at the bottom a pendant pearle; within was inchas'd a little fragment, as was thought, of the true Crosse, and a Latine inscription in gold and Roman letters. More company coming in, this discourse ended. I may not forget a resolution which his Ma* made, and had a little before enter'd upon it at ye Council Board at Windsor or Whitehall, that the Negroes in the Plantations should all be baptiz'd, exceedingly declaiming against that impiety of their masters prohibiting it, out of a mistaken opinion that they would be ipso facto free; but his Ma* persists in his resolution to have them christen'd, wch piety ye Bishop blessed him for.

John Evelyn's Diary. 16 Sep 1685. The next morning setting out early, we ariv'd soon enough at Winchester [Map] to waite on the King (age 51), who was lodg'd at the Dean's (Dr. Meggot). I found very few with him besides my Lords Feversham (age 44), Arran [Note. Not clear which Earl of Arran], Newport (age 65), and the Bishop of Bath and Wells (age 48). His Ma* was discoursing with the Bishops concerning miracles, and what strange things the Saludadors would do in Spaine, as by creeping into heated ovens without hurt, and that they had a black crosse in the roofe of their mouthes, but yet were commonly notorious and profane wretches; upon which his Majesty further said, that he was so extreamly difficult of miracles, for feare of being impos'd upon, that if he should chance to see one himselfe, without some other witness, he should apprehend it a delusion of his senses. Then they spake of ye boy who was pretended to have a wanting leg restor'd him, so confidently asserted by Fr. de Sta Clara and others. To all which the Bishop added a greate miracle happening In Winchester to his certaine knowledge, of a poor miserably sick and decrepit child (as I remember long kept unbaptiz'd), who immediately on his baptism recover'd; as also of yc salutary effect of K. Charles his Ma*s father's blood, in healing one that was blind.

On 16 Sep 1700 Thomas Morgan (age 36) died of smallpox. John Morgan of Tredegar (age 29) inherited Tredegar House, Monmouthshire and estates worth £7000.

John Evelyn's Diary. 02 Sep 1701. The death of King James (age 67), happening on the 15th of this month, N. S., after two or three days' indisposition, put an end to that unhappy Prince's troubles, after a short and unprosperous reign, indiscreetly attempting to bring in Popery, and make himself absolute, in imitation of the French, hurried on by the impatience of the Jesuits; which the nation would not endure.

On 16 Sep 1701 King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 67) died at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines. He was buried in the Church of the English Benedictines.

On 16 Sep 1746 Thomas Davers (age 57) died of yellow fever in Jamaica.

Random Records by George ColmanjqpRWmQY. Miss Farren (age 18) took her Benefit after the close of the season, — on the 16th September [1777].

During the Season, Miss Barsanti was married to Mr. Lesley ; she was afterwards Mrs. Daly.

On 16 Sep 1791 Anne Palk Lady Wrey (deceased) was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map]. Sacred to the Memory of ANNE The Lady of Sir BOURCHIER WREY (age 34) Baronet, and Daughter of Sir ROBERT PALK (age 73) Baronet, of Haldon House in this County who died the 5th day of September 1791, Aged 27 Years, leaving three infant children. Her Heart was pure and her manners unaffected. Her constant study was to know her Duty, and her greatest pleasure to discharge it, An affectionate Wife, a tender Parent, gentle, friendly, and benevolent. Taken from the World in the Prime of Years by a severe and lingering illness. She submitted to the will of Heaven with patient Resignation. Learn from her example that Virtue Is the loveliest ornament of Beauty!

Sculpted by W Youngs, Barum.

Anne Palk Lady Wrey: Around 1764 she was born to Robert Palk 1st Baronet and Anne van Sittart Lady Palk at Madras aka Chennai, India. On 14 Mar 1786 Bourchier Wrey 7th Baronet and she were married. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. On 05 Sep 1791 Anne Palk Lady Wrey died.

On 16 Sep 1824 Louis XVIII King France (age 68) died. His brother King Charles X of France (age 66) de jure XVIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 14 Sep 1914 or 16 Sep 1914 Captain John Banks Jenkinson (age 33) was killed in action. The 3rd Infantry Brigade was in position to the north-west of the village of Vendresse during what would become known as the Battle of the Aisne and he was out in front of the leading battalions carrying out a reconnaissance when he was killed as they advanced from the Marne to the slopes above the Aisne. He was buried at Vendresse Plot I. C. 17.

On 16 Sep 1916 Guy Baring (age 43) was killed in action during the Battle of the Somme. Seventeen officers and six-hundred and ninety other ranks went into battle, but only three officers survived (one injured) and two-hundred and twenty-one other ranks. Baring was buried in Citadel New Military Cemetery

On 16 Sep 1922 Ashton-under-Lyne War Memorial [Map] was unveiled by General Sir Ian Hamilton. The memorial designed by the Ashton architect Percy Howard with sculptures by John Ashton Floyd. To either side, and along the rear, are 38 bronze panels with the names of the fallen of the First World War in relief lettering, each panel with 40 names. The east and west return faces each have a bronze panel with the names of the men who died in the Second World War, 301 in total.

On 16 Sep 1943 Henry Wellesley 6th Duke Wellington (age 31) was killed during an attempt to take Pimple Hill. He was buried where he lay. He was unmarried and without issue. His uncle Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington (age 58) succeeded 7th Duke Wellington, 11th Earl Mornington, 11th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 7th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Dorothy Violet Ashton Duchess Wellington (age 54) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

Births on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1295 Elizabeth Clare Lady Verdun was born to Gilbert "Red Earl" Clare 7th Earl Gloucester 6th Earl Hertford (age 52) and Joan of Acre Countess Gloucester and Hertford (age 23). She a granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

On 16 Sep 1415 Elizabeth Beauchamp 3rd Baroness Bergavenny was born to Richard Beauchamp 1st Earl of Worcester (age 19) and Isabel Despencer Countess Warwick and Worcester (age 15) at Hanley Castle, Worcestershire. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 16 Sep 1541 Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex was born to Richard Devereux (age 28) and Dorothy Hastings (age 25). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.78%.

On or before 16 Sep 1588 Francis Drake 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Drake of Buckland Abbey in Devon and Elizabeth Gregory.

On 16 Sep 1615 Henry Skipwith 2nd Baronet was born to Henry Skipwith 1st Baronet (age 26) and Ann Kemp Lady Skipwith (age 24).

On 16 Sep 1622 Richard Sackville 5th Earl Dorset was born to Edward Sackville 4th Earl Dorset (age 31) and Mary Curzon Countess Dorset (age 32) at Dorset House.

On or before 16 Sep 1630 Mary Capell Duchess Beaufort was born to Arthur Capell 1st Baron Capell Hadham (age 22) and Elizabeth Morrison Baroness Capell Hadham (age 19) at Little Hadham, Hertfordshire [Map].

On 16 Sep 1678 Henry St John 1st Viscount Bolingbroke was born to Henry St John 1st Viscount St John (age 25) and Mary Rich (age 40).

On 16 Sep 1700 Frances Norcliffe Lady Wray was born to Fairfax Norcliffe of Langton in Yorkshire and Mary Hesketh.

On 16 Sep 1740 John Eden 4th Baronet was born to Robert Eden 3rd Baronet (age 22) and Mary Davison Lady Eden (age 20).

On 16 Sep 1762 Edmund Mark Winn 7th Baronet was born to Thomas Winn (age 48).

On 16 Sep 1766 Reverend Edward Sacheverel Wilmot was born to Robert Mead Wilmot 2nd Baronet (age 34) and Mary Woolett (age 31).

On 16 Sep 1774 Frederick Fitzroy was born to Augustus Henry Fitzroy 3rd Duke Grafton (age 38) and Elizabeth Wrottesley Duchess Grafton (age 28). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 16 Sep 1785 Charles Vere Ferrers Townshend was born to George Townshend 2nd Marquess Townshend (age 32) and Charlotte Mainwaring Ellerker Countess of Leicester (age 14).

On 16 Sep 1786 Elizabeth Sophia Ashburnham was born to George Ashburnham 3rd Earl Ashburnham (age 25) and Sophia Thynne (age 22).

On 16 Sep 1800 Richard Henry Liulphus Savile was born to John Lumley-Savile 7th Earl Scarborough (age 39) and Anna Maria Herring Viscountess Lumley.

On 16 Sep 1810 Sidney Herbert 1st Baron Herbert Lea was born to George Augustus Herbert 11th Earl Pembroke 8th Earl Montgomery (age 51) and Yekaterina Semyonovna Vorontsova Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 25).

On 16 Sep 1821 Alexander Russell was born to John Russell 6th Duke Bedford (age 55) and Georgiana Gordon Duchess Bedford (age 40). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 16 Sep 1826 William Neville 1st Marquess Abergavenny was born to William Neville 4th Earl Abergavenny (age 34) and Caroline Leeke Countess Abergavenny.

On 16 Sep 1853 May Prinsep Baroness Tennyson was born to Charles Robert Prinsep (age 64) and Louisa Anne White (age 34).

On 16 Sep 1863 William Pery 4th Earl of Limerick was born to William Pery 3rd Earl of Limerick (age 23) and Caroline Maria Gray Countess of Limerick.

On 16 Sep 1884 Francis D'Arcy Godolphin Osborne 12th Duke of Leeds was born to Sidney Francis Godolphin Osborne (age 49) and Margaret Dulcibella Hammersley (age 23).

On 16 Sep 1887 Margueurite de Fontaine Drever Joicey was born to James Joicey 1st Baron Joicey (age 41) and Marguerite Smyles Drever Baroness Joicey (age 34).

On 16 Sep 1907 Ann Prunella Beckett was born to William Gervase Beckett 1st Baronet (age 41) and Mabel Theresa Duncombe (age 28). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.32%.

On 16 Sep 1915 Christopher Beckett 4th Baron Grimthorpe was born to Ralph Beckett 3rd Baron Grimthorpe (age 24) and Mary Alice Archdale Baroness Beckett.

On 16 Sep 1941 Elizabeth Anne Ramsay Countess Scarborough was born to Simon Ramsay 16th Earl of Dalhousie (age 26).

Marriages on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1609 Gilbert Gerard 2nd Baron Gerard and Eleanor Dutton (age 12) were married.

Before 16 Sep 1615 Henry Skipwith 1st Baronet (age 26) and Ann Kemp Lady Skipwith (age 24) were married.

After 16 Sep 1630 John Culpepper 1st Baron Culpeper (age 30) and Judith Culpeper (age 24) were married. They were second cousins.

After 16 Sep 1651 Chichester Wrey 3rd Baronet (age 23) and Anne Bourchier Countess Middlesex (age 20) were married. She by marriage Lady Wrey of Trebitch in Cornwall. She the daughter of Edward Bourchier 4th Earl Bath and Dorothy St John Countess Bath. They were fourth cousins.

On 16 Sep 1673 Thomas Wharton 1st Marquess Wharton (age 25) and Anne or Nan Lee (age 14) were married.

On 16 Sep 1797 David William Murray 3rd Earl of Mansfield (age 20) and Frederica Markham Countess Mansfield (age 23) were married. She by marriage Countess Mansfield in Middlesex. He the son of David Murray 2nd Earl Mansfield and Louisa Cathcart 2nd Countess Mansfield (age 39).

On 16 Sep 1799 William O'Brien 2nd Marquess Thomond (age 34) and Rebecca Trotter Marchioness Thomond (age 24) were married.

On 16 Sep 1884 William Grenville Williams 4th Baronet (age 40) and Ellinor Harriet Hurt Sitwell Lady Williams were married. She by marriage Lady Williams of Bodelwyddan in Flintshire.

On 16 Sep 1885 Charles John Darling 1st Baron Darling (age 35) and Mary Caroline Greathed Baroness Darling (age 21) were married.

On 16 Sep 1890 Francis Denys-Burton 3rd Baronet (age 41) and Grace Ellen Burton Lady Denys were married. She by marriage Lady Denys of Stratford Place.

Deaths on the 16th September

On 16 Sep 1275 Roger de Montalt 1st Baron Montalt (age 37) died at Mold Castle, Flintshire [Map]. Baron Montalt extinct. His brother inherited Castle Rising Castle [Map].

On 16 Sep 1343 Philip "Noble" III King Navarre (age 37) died. His son Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 10) succeeded II King Navarre.

On 16 Sep 1345 John Montfort IV Duke Brittany (age 50) died at Hennebont. His son John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 6) succeeded V Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. Mary Plantagenet Duchess Brittany by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux.

On 16 Sep 1380 King Charles V of France (age 42) died. His son Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 11) succeeded VI King France: Capet Valois.

On or before 16 Sep 1547, the date she was buried at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map], Eleanor Manners Countess Bath (age 44) died.

On 16 Sep 1607 Princess Mary Stewart (age 2) died of pneumonia at the Stanwell Park Stanwell, Surrey home of Thomas Knyvet 1st Baron Knyvet (age 62) in whose care she had been placed. As soon as Mary died, the Earl of Worcester (age 57), the Earl of Leicester (age 43) and the Earl of Totnes (age 52) went to Hampton Court Palace [Map], to inform the Queen (age 32) of her daughter's death. Seeing the three men before her, Queen Anne realized what had happened and spared the men the task of telling her.

On or before 16 Sep 1635 William Skeffington 1st Baronet died. He was buried at St Michael on Greenhill Church, Lichfield on 16 Sep 1635. His son John Skeffington 2nd Baronet (age 45) succeeded 2nd Baronet Skeffington of Fisherwick in Staffordshire.

On 16 Sep 1652 Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester died.

On 16 Sep 1701 King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 67) died at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines. He was buried in the Church of the English Benedictines.

On 16 Sep 1720 Dudley Cullum 3rd Baronet (age 62) died. His first cousin Jasper Cullum 4th Baronet (age 46) succeeded 4th Baronet Cullum of Hastede in Suffolk.

On 16 Sep 1743 George Savile 7th Baronet (age 65) died. His son George Savile 8th Baronet (age 17) succeeded 8th Baronet Savile of Thornhill.

On 16 Sep 1775 Allen Bathurst 1st Earl Bathurst (age 90) died. His son Henry Bathurst 2nd Earl Bathurst (age 61) succeeded 2nd Earl Bathurst of Bathurst in Sussex, 2nd Baron Bathurst. Tryphena Scawen Countess Bathurst Sussex (age 44) by marriage Countess Bathurst of Bathurst in Sussex.

On 16 Sep 1824 Louis XVIII King France (age 68) died. His brother King Charles X of France (age 66) de jure XVIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 16 Sep 1860 María Francisca "Paca" Palafox Duchess Veragua Duchess Berwick Duchess Alba (age 35) died at Paris [Map].

On 16 Sep 1875 Lucy Graham Countess Powis (age 81) died.

On 16 Sep 1895 Miles Stapleton 10th Baron Beaumont (age 45) died without male issue. Baron Beaumont abeyant between his two infant daughters Mona Stapleton 11th Baroness Beaumont and Baroness Howard (age 1) and Ivy Mary Stapleton, the latter being born three weeks after his death.

On 16 Sep 1916 Florence Kerr Countess of Dunraven and Mount Earl (age 74) died.

On 16 Sep 1918 John Alexander Miller 3rd Baronet (age 50) died. Baronet Miller of Manderston in Berwickshire extinct.

On 16 Sep 1943 Henry Wellesley 6th Duke Wellington (age 31) was killed during an attempt to take Pimple Hill. He was buried where he lay. He was unmarried and without issue. His uncle Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington (age 58) succeeded 7th Duke Wellington, 11th Earl Mornington, 11th Viscount Wellesley of Dangan Castle, 7th Viscount Wellington of Talavera. Dorothy Violet Ashton Duchess Wellington (age 54) by marriage Duchess Wellington.

On 16 Sep 1989 Donald Arthur Gordon Bannerman 13th Baronet (age 90) died. His son Alexander Patrick Bannerman 14th Baronet (age 56) succeeded 14th Baronet Bannerman of Elsick in Kincardineshire. Joan Mary Wilcox Lady Bannerman (age 63) by marriage Lady Bannerman of Elsick in Kincardineshire.

On 16 Sep 2003 John Leigh 5th Baron Leigh (age 68) died. His son Christopher Leigh 6th Baron Leigh (age 42) succeeded 6th Baron Leigh of Stoneleigh in Warwickshire.