Move mouse over images to see a larger image.

Move mouse over links to preview the link.

On this Day in History ... 19th January

19 Jan is in January.

1236 Marriage of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence

1419 Surrender of Rouen

1547 Execution of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey

1661 Execution of the Fifth Monarchists

1671 Raid on Panama

1715 Battle of Preston

1729 Exchange of the Princesses

1770 Battle of Golden Hill

1862 Battle of Mill Springs

1883 First Electric Lighting

1915 Bombing of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn

1917 Silvertown Explosion

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 19th January

On 19 Jan 914 García I King Leon (age 43) died. His brother Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon (age 41) succeeded II King Leon.

Chronica Majora. 19 Jan 1236. There were assembled at the king's (age 28) nuptial festivities such a host of nobles of both sexes, such numbers of religious men, such crowds of the populace, and such a variety of actors, that London, with its capacious bosom, could scarcely contain them. The whole city was ornamented with flags and banners, chaplets and hangings, candles and lamps, and with wonderful devices and extraordinary representations, and all the roads were cleansed from mud and dirt, sticks, and everything offensive. The citizens, too, went out to meet the king and queen (age 13), dressed out in their ornaments, and vied with each other in trying the speed of their horses. On the same day, when they left the city for Westminster, to perform the duties of butler to the king (which office belonged to them by right of old, at the coronation), they proceeded thither dressed in silk garments, with mantles worked in gold, and with costly changes of raiment, mounted on valuable horses, glittering with new bits and saddles, and riding in troops arranged in order. They carried with them three hundred and sixty gold and silver cups, preceded by the king's trumpeters and with horns sounding, so that such a wonderful novelty struck all who beheld it with astonishment. The archbishop of Canterbury (age 61), by the right especially belonging to him, performed the duty of crowning, with the usual solemnities, the bishop of London assisting him as a dean, the other bishops taking their stations according to their rank. In the same way all the abbats, at the head of whom, as was his right, was the abbat of St. Alban's (for as the Protomartyr of England, B. Alban, was the chief of all the martyrs of England, so also was his abbat the chief of all the abbats in rank and dignity), as the authentic privileges of that church set forth. The nobles, too, performed the duties, which, by ancient right and custom, pertained to them at the coronations of kings. In like manner some of the inhabitants of certain cities discharged certain duties which belonged to them by right of their ancestors. The earl of Chester (age 29) carried the sword of St. Edward, which was called "Curtein", before the king, as a sign that he was earl of the palace, and had by right the power of restraining the king if he should commit an error. The earl was attended by the constable of Chester (age 44), and kept the people away with a wand when they pressed forward in a disorderly way. The grand marshal of England, the earl of Pembroke (age 39), carried a wand before the king and cleared the way before him both, in the church and in the banquet-hall, and arranged the banquet and the guests at table. The Wardens of the Cinque Ports carried the pall over the king, supported by four spears, but the claim to this duty was not altogether undisputed. The earl of Leicester (age 28) supplied the king with water in basins to wash before his meal; the Earl Warrenne performed the duty of king's Cupbearer, supplying the place of the earl of Arundel, because the latter was a youth and not as yet made a belted knight. Master Michael Belet was butler ex officio; the earl of Hereford (age 32) performed the duties of marshal of the king's household, and William Beauchamp (age 51) held the station of almoner. The justiciary of the forests arranged the drinking cups on the table at the king's right hand, although he met with some opposition, which however fell to the ground. The citizens of London passed the wine about in all directions, in costly cups, and those of Winchester superintended the cooking of the feast; the rest, according to the ancient statutes, filled their separate stations, or made their claims to do so. And in order that the nuptial festivities might not be clouded by any disputes, saving the right of any one, many things were put up with for the time which they left for decision at a more favourable opportunity. The office of chancellor of England, and all the offices connected with the king, are ordained and assized in the Exchequer. Therefore the chancellor, the chamberlain, the marshal, and the constable, by right of their office, took their seats there, as also did the barons, according to the date of their creation, in the city of London, whereby they each knew his own place. The ceremony was splendid, with the gay dresses of the clergy and knights who were present. The abbat of Westminster sprinkled the holy water, and the treasurer, acting the part of sub-dean, carried the Paten. Why should I describe all those persons who reverently ministered in the church to God as was their duty? Why describe the abundance of meats and dishes on the table & the quantity of venison, the variety of fish, the joyous sounds of the glee-men, and the gaiety of the waiters? Whatever the world could afford to create pleasure and magnificence was there brought together from every quarter.

Click to read complete text ...

Chronica Majora. On the 19th of January the king went to Westminster, where an extra-ordinary solemnity took place on the following day, which was Sunday, at which the king wore his crown and Eleanor was crowned queen. Thus was Henry the Third married at Canterbury, and the nuptials were celebrated in London, at Westminster, on the feast of St. Fabian and St. Sebastian.

On 19 Jan 1419 Rouen, France [Map] surrendered to King Henry V of England (age 32) after a sirge of six months.

Alain Blanchard, who had hanged English prisoners from the walls, was summarily executed.

Paston Letters Volume 2 235. 19 Jan 1454. 2.235. Newsletter Of John Stodeley1.

As touchyng tythynges, please it you to wite that at the Princes2 comyng to Wyndesore, the Duc of Buk’ (age 51) toke hym in his armes and presented hym to the Kyng in godely wise, besechyng the Kyng to blisse hym; and the Kyng yave no maner answere. Natheless the Duk abode stille with the Prince by the Kyng; and whan he coude no maner answere have, the Queene come in, and toke the Prince in hir armes and presented hym in like forme as the Duke had done, desiryng that he shuld blisse it; but alle their labour was in veyne, for they departed thens without any answere or countenaunce savyng only that ones he loked on the Prince and caste doune his eyene ayen, without any more.

Item, the Cardinalle (age 74)3 hathe charged and commaunded alle his servauntz to be redy with bowe and arwes, swerd and bokeler, crossebowes, and alle other habillementes of werre, suche as thei kun medle with to awaite upon the saufgarde of his persone.

Item, th’erle of Wiltshire (age 33)4 and the Lord Bonvile (age 61) have done to be cryed at Taunton in Somerset shire, that every man that is likly and wole go with theym and serve theym, shalle have vjd. every day as long as he abidethe with theym.

Item, the Duk of Excestre (age 23)5 in his owne persone hathe ben at Tuxforthe beside Dancastre, in the north contree, and there the Lord Egremond (age 31)6 mette hym, and thei ij. ben sworne togider, and the Duke is come home agein.

Item, th’erle of Wiltshire, the Lord Beaumont, Ponynges, Clyfford, Egremond, and Bonvyle, maken all the puissance they kan and may to come hider with theym.

Item, Thorpe7 of th’escheker articuleth fast ayenst the Duke of York, but what his articles ben it is yit unknowen.

Item, Tresham (age 34)8, Josep9, Danyelle10, and Trevilian11 have made a bille to the Lordes, desiryng to have a garisone kept at Wyndesore for the saufgarde of the Kyng and of the Prince, and that they may have money for wages of theym and other that shulle kepe the garyson.

Item, the Duc of Buk’ hathe do to be made Ml. Ml. [2000] bendes with knottes, to what entent men may construe as their wittes wole yeve theym.

Item, the Duke of Somersetes herbergeour hath taken up all the loggyng that may be goten nere the Toure, in Thamystrete, Martlane, Seint Katerines, Tourehille, and there aboute.

Item, the Queene hathe made a bille of five articles, desiryng those articles to be graunted; wherof the first is that she desireth to have the hole reule of this land; the second is that she may make the Chaunceller, the Tresorere, the Prive Seelle, and alle other officers of this land, with shireves and alle other officers that the Kyng shuld make; the third is, that she may yeve alle the bisshopriches of this land, and alle other benefices longyng to the Kynges yift; the iiijth is that she may have suffisant lyvelode assigned hir for the Kyng and the Prince and hir self. But as for the vth article, I kan nat yit knowe what it is.

Note 1. [Egerton MS. 914, B.M.] There is no evidence that this letter had anything to do with the Paston correspondence, but as a very interesting political letter of the period we have thought it right to give it a place in the collection. The date is quite certain, being after the birth of Prince Edward in October 1453, and before the death of Cardinal Kemp in March 1454.

Note 2. Edward, only son of Henry VI. (age 32), born 13th October 1453.

Note 3. John Kemp, Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury.

Note 4. James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond.

Note 5. Henry Holland.

Note 6. Thomas Percy, third son of Henry, Earl of Northumberland (age 60).

Note 7. Thomas Thorpe, one of the Barons of the Exchequer, who was also Speaker of the House of Commons, but was at this time imprisoned in the Fleet in consequence of an action brought against him by the Duke of York.—(See Rolls of Parl. v. 239.)

Note 8. Thomas Tresham, who as ‘Sir Thomas Tresham, Knight,’ was attainted under Edward IV. for fighting on the Lancastrian side at Towton, but his attainder was afterwards reversed in Parliament 7 and 8 Edw. IV., on the ground that he was a household servant of Henry VI. and had been brought up in his service from a child.—Rolls of Parl. v. 616–617.

Note 9. William Joseph, who, with Thorpe, was frequently accused by the Yorkists of misleading the King.—Rolls of Parl. v. 280, 282, 332, 342.

Note 10. Thomas Daniel, Esq.—See p. 255, Note 2.

Click to read complete text ...

Letters and Papers 1535. 19 Jan 1535. R. O. 66. John Husee to Lady Lisle (age 41).

I received by Godealle your letter and £5 in money, both which I have delivered to Mr. Sulyard and master Densill, who have both promised to do what they can for Mr. Basset when he comes hither. They say no discreeter "creanser" can be found for him in all that Inn than Mr. Lane, who will be in chamber with him. At his coming Smythe and I will solicit with him for that cause, and at Mr. Bassett's coming I will see to everything; but I should have esteemed it all the greater favor if you had wished me to ride down and accompany him up to London. I will inquire for a gentlewoman and woman's tailor for you. I sent you the Queen's New Year's gift by Lacy. I hope ere long you shall have a good end in Mr. Saymer's (age 35) matter, if Mr. Secretary will do as he saith. I send you a bill of prices of the grocery and spices you write for. The Portingalle will not sell such small portions. I wish I could tell you my mind, but I cannot write it all. I find no man good to me indeed in my Lord's suits but Mr. Norres, whom I find always one manner man. "And by my faith I cannot see the contrary, but Mr. Secretary beareth my Lord good mind and heart." I cannot yet obtain Mr. Gaynsford's letter, but there is no fear but he shall have it. I have been with Mr. Norres for Mr. Staynyng's place, who has done all he can for your Ladyship's sake. London, 19 Jan. 1534.

Hol., pp. 2.

Letters and Papers 1535. 19 Jan 1535. R. O. 65. John Husee to Lord Lisle (age 70).

Wrote by Lacy of all things till that day requisite. Mr. Secretary has since promised that I should be despatched of the money to be bestowed for Hacket's obsequies, but he has not yet delivered it. He has also promised that the toll shall be freed for the inhabitants of Marke and Oye, and the low countries there, but I can get no final answer. Mr. Semer (age 35) sealed his obligation on Sunday last, and Mr. Secretary says he will make a good end. If you send the mule as she is you will have no further charge. Sends "by Philip Crayers, master of his ship Robert Johnson," Mr. James's saddle, with stirrups, girths, bridle without bit, peytrell and crupper. Pyckering has good comfort of Mr. Norres. London, 19 Jan. 1534.

Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.

The History of England under Henry VIII 1546. 19 Jan 1547. Whereupon also judgment of death was given, and he beheaded at Tower-Hill. And thus ended the earl [Henry Howard (age 31)]; a man learned, and of an excellent wit, as his compositions shew.

On 19 Jan 1547 Henry Howard (age 31) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. He had foolishly added the arms of Edward the Confessor to his own arms. He was charged with treasonably quartering the royal arms. His father survived sentence since the King died the day before it was due to take place.

Diary of Edward VI. 19 Jan 1550. Mr. Paget2 surrendring his controllership, Was made lord Paget of Beaudesert, and cited into the hier house by a writte of parliement.

Note 2. "The 19 of January sir John Russell (age 65), lord privie seale, was created Earl of Bedford; William Paulet (age 67), lord Saint John, lord great master, was created earle of Wiltshire; and sir William Paget (age 44), comptroller of the King's house, was made lord Paget." Stowe's Chronicle.

On 19 Jan 1589 John Radclyffe of Ordsall Hall (age 53) died at Ordsall Hall, Lancashire [Map]. On 11 Feb 1589 he was buried in Manchester Church [Map].

Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 19 Jan 1617. Upon the 19th my Lord (age 27) and I went to the Court in the morning thinking the Queen would have gone to the Chapel but she did not, so my Lady Ruthven and I and many others stood in the Closet to hear the sermon. I dined with my Lady Ruthven. Presently after dinner she and I went up to the Drawing Chamber where my Lady D., my Lady Montgomery, my Lord Burleigh, persuaded me to refer these businesses to the King. About 6 o’clock my Lord came for me so he and I and Lady St. John went home in her coach. This night the Masque was danced at the Court but I would not stay to see it because I had seen it already.

Diary of Anne Clifford 1619. 19 Jan 1619. The 19th my Lady Verulam came, my Lord (age 29) and Lady Cavendish, her Lady, my Lord Bruce, his Sister, and much other company, my Lady Herbert, my old Lady Donne, my young Lady Donne, with whom I had much talk about religion.

Autobiography Simon D'Ewes. ... for on Sunday, January the 19th, towards the evening, it flowed three several times in five hours: and during the same time in divers places not far distant from each other, it ebbed one way and flowed anotber; and the next day flowed twice and ebbed thrice in three hours. I spake with some of the ancient watermen about it, and they affirmed the like had never happened in their memories, but a little before the rising of Robert D'Evereux, Earl of Essex, towards the latter end of Queen Elizabeth's reign.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1660. Thursday. This morning I was sent for to Mr Downing (age 35), and at his bed side he told me, that he had a kindness for me, and that he thought that he had done me one; and that was, that he had got me to be one of the Clerks of the Council; at which I was a little stumbled, and could not tell what to do, whether to thank him or no; but by and by I did; but not very heartily, for I feared that his doing of it was but only to ease himself of the salary which he gives me. After that Mr. Sheply staying below all this time for me we went thence and met Mr. Pierce, so at the Harp and Ball drank our morning draft and so to Whitehall where I met with Sir Ant. Cooper (age 38) and did give him some answer from my Lord and he did give us leave to keep the lodgings still. And so we did determine thereupon that Mr. Sheply might now go into the country and would do so to-morrow. Back I went by Mr Downing's order and staid there till twelve o'clock in expectation of one to come to read some writings, but he came not, so I staid all alone reading the answer of the Dutch Ambassador to our State, in answer to the reasons of my Lord's (age 34) coming home, which he gave for his coming, and did labour herein to contradict my Lord's arguments for his coming home. Thence to my office and so with Mr. Sheply and Moore, to dine upon a turkey with Mrs. Jem, and after that Mr. Moore and I went to the French Ordinary, where Mr Downing this day feasted Sir Arth. Haselrigge (age 59), and a great many more of the Parliament, and did stay to put him in mind of me. Here he gave me a note to go and invite some other members to dinner tomorrow. So I went to White Hall, and did stay at Marsh's, with Simons, Luellin, and all the rest of the Clerks of the Council, who I hear are all turned out, only the two Leighs, and they do all tell me that my name was mentioned the last night, but that nothing was done in it. Hence I went and did leave some of my notes at the lodgings of the members and so home. To bed.

On 19 Jan 1661 Thomas Venner was hanged, drawn and quartered for his leading Venner's Uprising aka the Fifth Monarchists.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1661. To the Comptroller's (age 50), and with him by coach to White Hall; in our way meeting Venner and Pritchard upon a sledge, who with two more Fifth Monarchy men were hanged to-day, and the two first drawn and quartered.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1663. This day, by Dr. Clerke, I was told the occasion of my Lord Chesterfield's (age 29) going and taking his lady (age 22) (my Lord Ormond's daughter) from Court. It seems he not only hath been long jealous of the Duke of York (age 29), but did find them two talking together, though there were others in the room, and the lady by all opinions a most good, virtuous woman.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1663. He, the next day (of which the Duke was warned by somebody that saw the passion my Lord Chesterfield (age 29) was in the night before), went and told the Duke how much he did apprehend himself wronged, in his picking out his lady of the whole Court to be the subject of his dishonour; which the Duke (age 29) did answer with great calmness, not seeming to understand the reason of complaint, and that was all that passed but my Lord did presently pack his lady into the country in Derbyshire, near the Peake; which is become a proverb at Court, to send a man's wife to the Devil's arse a' Peake [Map], when she vexes him.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1663. Up and to White Hall, and while the Duke (age 29) is dressing himself I went to wait on my Lord Sandwich (age 37), whom I found not very well, and Dr. Clerke with him. He is feverish, and hath sent for Mr. Pierce to let him blood, but not being in the way he puts it off till night, but he stirs not abroad to-day.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1663. Here dined with me Dr. Whore and Mr. Scawen. Therewith him and Mr. Bland, whom we met by the way, to my Chancellor's (age 53), where the King (age 32) was to meet my Lord Treasurer (age 55), &c., many great men, to settle the revenue of Tangier [Map]. I staid talking awhile there, but the King not coming I walked to my brother's, where I met my cozen Scotts (Tom not being at home) and sent for a glass of wine for them, and having drunk we parted, and I to the Wardrobe talking with Mr. Moore about my law businesses, which I doubt will go ill for want of time for me to attend them.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1665. Up, and it being yesterday and to-day a great thaw it is not for a man to walk the streets, but took coach and to Mr. Povy's (age 51), and there meeting all of us again agreed upon an answer to the Lords by and by, and thence we did come to Exeter House [Map], and there was a witness of most [base] language against Mr. Povy, from my Lord Peterborough (age 43), who is most furiously angry with him, because the other, as a foole, would needs say that the £26,000 was my Lord Peterborough's account, and that he had nothing to do with it. The Lords did find fault also with our answer, but I think really my Lord Ashly (age 43) would fain have the outside of an Exchequer1, but when we come better to be examined.

Note 1. This word is blotted, and the whole sentence is confused.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1666. Thence with Sir J. Minnes (age 66) to the Duke of Albemarle's (age 57), and carried all well, and met Norwood (age 52) but prevented him in desiring a meeting of the Commissioners for Tangier.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1667. Up, and at the office all the morning. Sir W. Batten (age 66) tells me to my wonder that at his coming to my Lord Ashly (age 45), yesterday morning, to tell him what prize-goods he would have saved for the Navy, and not sold, according to the King's order on the 17th, he fell quite out with him in high terms; and he says, too, that they did go on to the sale yesterday, even of the very hempe, and other things, at which I am astonished, and will never wonder at the ruine of the King's affairs, if this be suffered.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Jan 1668. So home, and there sat with my wife all the evening, and Mr. Pelting awhile talking with us, who tells me that my Lord Shrewsbury (age 45) is likely to do well, after his great wound in the late dwell. He gone, comes W. Hewer (age 26) and supped with me, and so to talk of things, and he tells me that Mr. Jessop is made Secretary to the Commissions of Parliament for Accounts, and I am glad, and it is pretty to see that all the Cavalier party were not able to find the Parliament nine Commissioners, or one Secretary, fit for the business. So he gone, I to read a little in my chamber, and so to bed.

On 19 Jan 1671 Captain Henry Morgan Privateer (age 35) routed a superior Spanish force and captured Old Panama City.

The 1715 Battle of Preston was the final action of the 1715 Jacobite Rebellion. It commenced on 09 Nov 1715 when Jacobite cavalry entered Preston, Lancashire [Map]. Royalist troops arrived in number over the next few days surrounding Preston forcing the Jaocbite surrender. 1463 were taken prisoner of which 463 were English. The Scottish prisoners included:

George Seton 5th Earl of Winton (age 38). The only prisoner to plead not guilty, sentenced to death, escaped from the Tower of London [Map] on 04 Aug 1716 around nine in the evening. Travelled to France then to Rome.

On 24 Feb 1716 William Gordon 6th Viscount Kenmure was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map].

On 09 Feb 1716 William Maxwell 5th Earl Nithsale was sentenced to be executed on 24 Feb 1716. The night before his wife (age 36) effected his escape from the Tower of London [Map] by exchanging his clothes with those of her maid. They travelled to Paris then to Rome where the court of James "Old Pretender" Stewart (age 27) was.

James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater (age 26) was imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map]. He was examined by the Privy Council on 10 Jan 1716 and impeached on 19 Jan 1716. He pleaded guilty in the expectation of clemency. He was attainted and condemned to death. Attempts were made to procure his pardon. His wife Anna Maria Webb Countess Derwentwater (age 24), her sister Mary Webb Countess Waldegrave (age 21) [Note. Assumed to be her sister Mary], their aunt Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 45), Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland appealed to King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 55) in person without success.

On 24 Feb 1716 James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map]. Earl Derwentwater, Baronet Radclyffe of Derwentwater in Cumberland forfeit.

William Murray 2nd Lord Nairne was tried on 09 Feb 1716 for treason, found guilty, attainted, and condemned to death. He survived long enough to benefit from the Indemnity Act of 1717.

General Thomas Forster of Adderstone (age 31) was attainted. He was imprisoned at Newgate Prison, London [Map] but escaped to France.

On 14 May 1716 Henry Oxburgh was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Gile's in the Fields. His head was spiked on Temple Bar.

The trials and sentences were overseen by the Lord High Steward William Cowper 1st Earl Cowper (age 50) for which he subsequently received his Earldom.

Click to read complete text ...

On 19 Jan 1729 a double wedding was conducted between two sets of brothers and sisters ....

Joseph I King Portugal (age 14) and Infante Mariana Victoria of Spain (age 10) were married. He the son of John V King Portugal (age 39).

Ferdinand VI King Spain (age 15) and Barbara Queen Consort Spain (age 17) were married. She the daughter of John V King Portugal. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.

On 19 Jan 1745 Anne O'Brien (age 21) died in childbirth. She was buried at St Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny, County Kilkenny.

On 19 Jan 1770 the Battle of Golden Hill was fought between British soldiers and the Sons of Liberty of New York City; one of the incidents that precipitated the American War of Independence. Several people were wounded in the event, no one was killed.

On 19 Jan 1795 Frances Tempest (age 54) died. She was buried at St Mary's Church, Long Newton [Map].

Frances Tempest: In 1741 she was born to John Tempest of Sherburne Durham and Frances Shuttleworth. Before 1771 Henry Vane 1st Baronet and she were married at St Mary-le-Bow Church, Cheapside.

On 19 Jan 1820 Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg (age 72) died.

On 19 Jan 1862 the Battle of Mill Springs aka the Battle of Fishing Creek, the Battle of Logan's Cross Roads, the Battle of Somerset, was a victory for the Union fought near current Nancy, Kentucky during the American Civil War. Casualties were relatively light. Union losses were 39 killed and 207 wounded, Confederate 125 killed and 404 wounded or missing.

On 19 Jan 1883 the first standardized incandescent electric lighting system employing overhead wires began service in Roselle, New Jersey. It had been built by Thomas Edison to demonstrate that an entire community could be illuminated by electricity.

On the morning of 19 Jan 1915 two German Zeppelin airships, the L3 and L4, took off from Fuhlsbüttel in Hamburg, Germany, on the first Zeppelin raid over England. The airships had been heading for the Humber, but bad weather led them to reroute and discharge their bombs over Norfolk. Sheringham was hit by two bombs from a Zeppelin raid at 20:30 GMT on 18 January 1915, making it the first place in Britain to be attacked by Zeppelins. No one was killed. At St Peter's Plain, Great Yarmouth, the bombing's two fatalities were killed instantly. Samuel Smith, a 53-year-old shoemaker, was the first British civilian to be killed by aerial bombardment. He was said to be standing in the road when the bomb dropped. Martha Taylor, 72, lived at 22 St Peter’s Plain, and was next to be killed in the attack. At King's Lynn bombs were killed Alice Gazeley, 26 – widowed just 3 months earlier after her husband had been killed on the Western Front – and Percy Goate, aged 14. A further 13 people were injured, as further bombs went on to destroy densely-packed terraced houses and damage the town’s docks.

On 19 Jan 1917 the Silvertown Explosion was an explosion at a munitions factory that killed seventy-three people and injured four hundredn more.

Births on the 19th January

On 19 Jan 1655 John The Younger Evelyn was born to John Evelyn (age 34) and Mary Browne (age 20).

On 19 Jan 1728 Bishop Frederick Keppel was born to William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle (age 25) and Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 24). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 19 Jan 1757 Augusta Reuss Duchess Saxe Coburg Gotha was born to Heinrich XXIV Count Reuss of Ebersdorf (age 32) and Karoline Ernestine of Erbach Schonberg (age 29).

On 19 Jan 1782 William Harris 2nd Baron Harris was born to George Harris (age 35) and Anne Carteret Dickson.

On 19 Jan 1849 Joseph Cockfield Dimsdale 1st Baronet was born.

After 19 Jan 1849 Mary Cecil Augusta Bisshopp was born to Cecil Augutus Bisshopp 10th Baronet (deceased) and Mary Ann Hillyar posthumously.

On 19 Jan 1855 Rowland Allanson-Winn 5th Baron Headley was born to Rowland Allanson-Winn (age 38).

On 19 Jan 1876 Berkeley Digby George Sheffield 6th Baronet was born to Robert Sheffield 5th Baronet (age 51) and Priscilla Isabella Laura Dumaresq.

On 19 Jan 1912 David Charteris 12th Earl of Wemyss was born to Hugo Francis Charteris (age 28) and Violet Catherine Manners (age 23) at Belgravia.

On 19 Jan 1924 Henry Herbert 7th Earl of Carnarvon was born to Henry Herbert 6th Earl Carnarvon (age 25) and Anne Catherine Tredick Wendell Countess Carnarvon (age 23).

On 19 Jan 1925 Dermot de Trafford 6th Baronet was born to Rudolph de Trafford 5th Baronet (age 30).

On 19 Jan 1929 John Murray 11th Duke of Atholl was born to Major George Murray (age 44).

On 19 Jan 1971 Andrew Horsbrugh-Porter 5th Baronet was born to John Horsbrugh-Porter 4th Baronet (age 32).

Marriages on the 19th January

On 19 Jan 1465 William VIII Marquis of Montferrat (age 44) and Marie Foix Marquis Montferrat (age 13) were married. She by marriage Marchioness Montferrat. The difference in their ages was 31 years. She the daughter of Gaston IV Count Foix (age 42) and Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Navarre (age 38). They were third cousin once removed.

On 19 Jan 1511 John Stewart 3rd Earl Lennox (age 21) and Isabel or Elizabeth Stewart Countess Lennox (age 16) were married. She by marriage Countess Lennox. She the daughter of John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl (age 71) and Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl (age 54). He the son of Matthew Stewart 2nd Earl Lennox and Elizabeth Hamilton Countess Lennox (age 36). They were half first cousin twice removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 19 Jan 1729 a double wedding was conducted between two sets of brothers and sisters ....

Joseph I King Portugal (age 14) and Infante Mariana Victoria of Spain (age 10) were married. He the son of John V King Portugal (age 39).

Ferdinand VI King Spain (age 15) and Barbara Queen Consort Spain (age 17) were married. She the daughter of John V King Portugal. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.

On 19 Jan 1774 William Coates (age 29) and Diana Rochfort Lady D'Oyly (age 19) were married in Calcutta, India. At the time of his marriage he was a Factor in the East India Company Service.

On 19 Jan 1829 Patrick Bellew 1st Baron Bellew (age 30) and Anna Fermina de Mendoza Baroness bellew were married.

On 19 Jan 1867 William Jolliffe 1st Baron Hylton (age 66) and Sophia Penelope Sheffield Countess Ilchester (age 25) were married. She by marriage Baroness Hylton of Hylton in County Durham. The difference in their ages was 41 years.

On 19 Jan 1886 David Ogilvy 11th Earl of Airlie (age 29) and Mabell Gore Countess Airlie (age 19) were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. She the daughter of Arthur Saunders Gore 5th Earl Arran (age 47) and Edith Jocelyn Countess Arran.

On 19 Jan 1893 James Percy Miller 2nd Baronet (age 28) and Eveline Mary Curzon (age 28) were married. There was no issue from the marriage.

On 19 Jan 1914 Henry Arthur Mornington Wellesley 3rd Earl Cowley (age 48) and Clare Florence Mary Stapleton Countess Cowley (age 35) were married. She by marriage Countess Cowley. He the son of William Henry Wellesley 2nd Earl Cowley and Emily Gwendoline Williams Countess Cowley (age 74).

Deaths on the 19th January

On 19 Jan 914 García I King Leon (age 43) died. His brother Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon (age 41) succeeded II King Leon.

On 19 Jan 1383 Nicholas Haudlo Burnell 1st Baron Burnell (age 57) died at Shrewsbury, Shropshire [Map]. His son Hugh Burnell 2nd Baron Burnell (age 36) succeeded 2nd Baron Burnell 2C. Philippa Pole Baroness Burnell (age 27) by marriage Baroness Burnell 2C.

On 19 Jan 1464 John IV Marquis of Montferrat (age 50) died without legitimate issue. His brother William VIII Marquis of Montferrat (age 43) succeeded VIII Marquis Montferrat.

On 19 Jan 1601 Henry Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 63) died. His son William Herbert 3rd Earl Pembroke (age 20) succeeded 3rd Earl Pembroke.

On 19 Jan 1607 Anne Morgan Baroness Hunsdon (age 78) died.

On 19 Jan 1626 Edward Wotton 1st Baron Wotton (age 78) died. His son Thomas Wotton 2nd Baron Wotton (age 39) succeeded 2nd Baron Wotton.

On 19 Jan 1632 William Kniveton 1st Baronet (age 72) died. His son Gilbert Kniveton 2nd Baronet (age 50) succeeded 2nd Baronet Kniveton of Mercaston in Derbyshire.

On 19 Jan 1636 Marcus Gheeraerts (age 74) died.

On 19 Jan 1661 Edmund Anderson 1st Baronet (age 55) died. His son John Anderson 2nd Baronet (age 32) succeeded 2nd Baronet Anderson of Broughton in Lincolnshire.

On 12 Jan 1701 Martin Lumley 3rd Baronet (age 38) died. He was buried at St Mary the Virgin Church, Great Bardfield on 19 Jan 1701. His son James Lumley 4th Baronet (age 4) succeeded 4th Baronet Lumley of Bardfield Magna in Essex.

On 19 Jan 1707 Stephen Anderson 1st Baronet (age 63) died. His son Stephen Anderson 2nd Baronet (age 28) succeeded 2nd Baronet Anderson of Eyeworth in Bedfordshire. Anne Lumley Lady Anderson (age 22) by marriage Lady Anderson of Eyeworth in Bedfordshire.

The 1715 Battle of Preston was the final action of the 1715 Jacobite Rebellion. It commenced on 09 Nov 1715 when Jacobite cavalry entered Preston, Lancashire [Map]. Royalist troops arrived in number over the next few days surrounding Preston forcing the Jaocbite surrender. 1463 were taken prisoner of which 463 were English. The Scottish prisoners included:

George Seton 5th Earl of Winton (age 38). The only prisoner to plead not guilty, sentenced to death, escaped from the Tower of London [Map] on 04 Aug 1716 around nine in the evening. Travelled to France then to Rome.

On 24 Feb 1716 William Gordon 6th Viscount Kenmure was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map].

On 09 Feb 1716 William Maxwell 5th Earl Nithsale was sentenced to be executed on 24 Feb 1716. The night before his wife (age 36) effected his escape from the Tower of London [Map] by exchanging his clothes with those of her maid. They travelled to Paris then to Rome where the court of James "Old Pretender" Stewart (age 27) was.

James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater (age 26) was imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map]. He was examined by the Privy Council on 10 Jan 1716 and impeached on 19 Jan 1716. He pleaded guilty in the expectation of clemency. He was attainted and condemned to death. Attempts were made to procure his pardon. His wife Anna Maria Webb Countess Derwentwater (age 24), her sister Mary Webb Countess Waldegrave (age 21) [Note. Assumed to be her sister Mary], their aunt Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 45), Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland appealed to King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 55) in person without success.

On 24 Feb 1716 James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map]. Earl Derwentwater, Baronet Radclyffe of Derwentwater in Cumberland forfeit.

William Murray 2nd Lord Nairne was tried on 09 Feb 1716 for treason, found guilty, attainted, and condemned to death. He survived long enough to benefit from the Indemnity Act of 1717.

General Thomas Forster of Adderstone (age 31) was attainted. He was imprisoned at Newgate Prison, London [Map] but escaped to France.

On 14 May 1716 Henry Oxburgh was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Gile's in the Fields. His head was spiked on Temple Bar.

The trials and sentences were overseen by the Lord High Steward William Cowper 1st Earl Cowper (age 50) for which he subsequently received his Earldom.

Click to read complete text ...

On 19 Jan 1766 Wilmot Vaughan 3rd Viscount Lisburne died. His son Wilmot Vaughan 1st Earl Lisburne (age 38) succeeded 3rd Viscount Lisburne and 3rd Baron Fethard of Feathered in Tipperary. Dorothy Shafto Countess Lisburne (age 33) by marriage Viscountess Lisburne.

On 19 Jan 1820 Electress Wilhelmina Caroline Oldenburg (age 72) died.

On 19 Jan 1837 Andrew Windsor 7th Earl (age 72) died unmarried. His brother Henry Windsor 8th Earl Plymouth (age 68) succeeded 8th Earl Plymouth.

On 19 Jan 1842 John Dugdale Astley 1st Baronet (age 63) died. His son Francis Dugdale Astley 2nd Baronet (age 37) succeeded 2nd Baronet Astley of Everleigh in Wiltshire. Emma Dorothea Lethbridge Lady Astley by marriage Lady Astley of Everleigh in Wiltshire.

On 19 Jan 1844 Mary Anne Broadhead died.

On 19 Jan 1849 Cecil Augutus Bisshopp 10th Baronet (age 27) died at Malta where he was buried. His brother Captain George Bisshopp 11th Baronet (age 25) succeeded 11th Baronet Bisshopp of Parham in Sussex.

On 17 Jan 1893 or 19 Jan 1893 Rowland Winn 1st Baron St Oswald (age 72) died. His son Rowland Winn 2nd Baron St Oswald (age 35) succeeded 2nd Baron St Oswald of Nostell in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Mabel Susan Forbes Baroness Winn by marriage Baroness St Oswald of Nostell in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

On 19 Jan 1908 Roberto Bompiani (age 86) died.

On 19 Jan 1922 Evelyn Henrietta Gascoigne Lady Nugent died.

On 19 Jan 1995 Weetman John Pearson 3rd Viscount Cowdray (age 84) died. His son Michael Pearson 4th Viscount Cowdray (age 50) succeeded 4th Viscount Cowdray of Cowdray in Sussex.