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On this Day in History ... 23rd August
23 Aug is in August.
30BC Death of Antony and Cleopatra
1305 Execution of William Wallace
1554 Creation of Garter Knights
1628 Murder of the Duke of Buckingham
Events on the 23rd August
On 23 Aug 30BC Marcus Antonius aka Antyllus 47BC 30BC (age 17) was beheaded following the suicide of his father Mark Antony 83BC 30BC (deceased) and stepmother Cleopatra VII Philopator 69BC 30BC (deceased).
Documents Illustrative of the Life of William Wallace Chapter 28. 23 Aug 1305. It is adjudged that the aforesaid William [William Wallace], for the manifest sedition which he committed against his lord the king by feloniously plotting to kill him, by carrying the banner against his liege lord in mortal battle, and by attempting the annulment and overthrow of his crown and royal dignity, shall be drawn from the palace at Westminster to the Tower of London, and from the Tower to Aldgate, and thus through the middle of the city to Smithfield (Elmes), and for the robberies, murders, and felonies which he committed in the kingdom of England and the land of Scotland, he shall be hanged there, and afterwards cut down. And because he was outlawed, and was never restored to the king’s peace, he shall be beheaded and decapitated. And afterwards, for the immense vileness he committed against God and Holy Church by burning churches, vessels, and reliquaries in which the body of Christ and the bodies and relics of the saints were placed, his heart, liver, lungs, and all his internal organs, from which such perverse thoughts proceeded, shall be cast into the fire and burned. And also, because he committed the aforesaid sedition, depredations, arsons, murders, and felonies not only against his lord the king but against all the people of England and Scotland, the body of the said William shall be cut and divided into four quarters, and his head thus severed shall be set upon London Bridge in view of those passing by both by land and by water, and one quarter shall be hung on the gibbet at Newcastle upon Tyne, another quarter at Berwick, a third quarter at Stirling, and the fourth quarter at St. John’s Town (Perth), as a warning and punishment to all who pass by and see them, etc.
— Consideratum est quod prædictus Willelmus pro manifesta seditione quam ipsi domino regi secerat felonice machinando, in mortem ejus perpetrando, annulationem et enervationem coronæ et regiæ dignitatis suæ vexillum contra dominum suum ligium in bello mortali deferendo, detrahatur a palatio Westmonasterii ussque Turrim London, et a Turri usque Allegate, et sic per medium civitatis usque Elmes, et pro roberiis et homicidiis et feloniis, quas in regno Angliæ et terra Scotia fecit, ibidem sufsendatur et poftea devaletur. Et quia utlagatus fuit, nec postea ad pacem domini regis restitutus, decolletur et decapitetur. Et postea pro immensa vilitate, quam Deo et sacrosanctæ ecclesiæ fecit comburendo ecclesias, vasa et feretra, in quibus corpus Christi et corpora sanctorum et reliquiæ eorundem collocabantur, cor, epar, et pulmo et omnia interiora ipsius Willelmi, a quibus tam perversæ cogitationes processerunt, in ignem mittantur et comburentur. Et etiam, quia non solum ipsi domino regi, sed toti plebi Angliæ et Scotiæ, prædicta seditionem, deprædationes, incendia, et homicidia et felonias fecerat, corpus illius Willelmi in quatuor quarteria scindatur et dividatur, et caput sic abscissum assedatur super pontem London, in conspectu tam per terram quam per aquam transeuntium, et unum quarterium suspendatur in gibetto apud Novum Castrum super Tynam, aliud quarterium apud Berewyk, tertium quarterium apud Stryvelyn, et quartum quarterium apud Villam Sancti Johannis, in metum et castigationem omnium prætereuntium et ea conspicientium, & c.
On 23 Aug 1305 William Wallace was hanged, drawn and quartered at the Elms in Smithfield [Map]. His head being displayed on London Bridge [Map].
On 08 Apr 1956 a plaque was unveiled on the wall of St Bartholomew's Hospital near to the site of his execution the text of which reads ...
To the immortal memory of Sir William Wallace Scottish patriot born at Elderslie Renfrewshire circa 1270 A.D. Who from the year 1296 fought dauntlessly in defence of his country's liberty and independence in the face of fearful odds and great hardship being eventually betrayed and captured brought to London and put to death near this spot on the 23rd August 1305.
His example heroism and devotion inspired those who came after him to win victory from defeat and his memory remains for all time a source of pride, honour and inspiration to his Countrymen.
"Dico tibi verum libertas optima rerum nunquam servili sub nexu vivito fili"
Translation: I tell you the truth, son, freedom is the best condition, never live like a slave
"Bas Agus Buaidh" aka Death and Victory, a traditional Scottish battle cry.
John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish Nation Book 4 Chapter 116. In the year 1305, William Wallace was craftily and treacherously taken by John of Menteith (age 30), who handed him over to the king of England (age 66); and he was, in London, torn limb from limb, and, as a reproach to the Scots, his limbs were hung on towers in sundry places throughout England and Scotland.
On 23 Aug 1498 Miguel Aviz was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 29) and Isabella Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.38%.
On 23 Aug 1499 Bishop John Blythe (age 39) died. He was buried at Salisbury Cathedral [Map]. Monument bottom middle.
On 23 Aug 1524 Bishop Edmund Tuchet (age 81) died. He was buried in Salisbury Cathedral [Map]. Finely carved monument. Similar in style to Prince Arthur's Chantry [Map] in Worcester Cathedral [Map].
Henry Machyn's Diary. 23 Aug 1551. The xxiij day [of] August the Kynges (age 13) grace went from Amton courte [Map] unto Wyndsore [Map], and ther was stallyd the Frenche Kyng (age 32) of the nobull order of the garter, with a grett baner of armes inbrodered with flowrs delusys of gold bosted, the mantylls of tysshuw, and the elmett clene gylt and ys sword; and the goodly gere was.
Note. The French king installed at Windsor. This was of course by deputy. He had been elected of the Garter on the St. George's day preceding, and the marquess of Northampton (age 39) had conveyed the insignia to France. See various documents relating to his election described by Strype, Memorials, 1721, ii. 512.
On 23 Aug 1554 Queen Mary I of England and Ireland (age 38) created her new husband (age 27) and the Earl of Sussex Garter Knights:
331st Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain.
332nd Henry Radclyffe 2nd Earl of Sussex (age 47).
Henry Machyn's Diary. 23 Aug 1557. The xxiij day of August was the hers of the kyng [of Denmark] at Powlles taken downe by master Garter, and serten of the lord tressorer('s) servandes, and the waxchandlers and carpynters.
Universal Review. Long as we could linger upon other parts of this volume, and much as we should like to quote a passage from the letter of the "head and fellows of Trinity college, Cambria, to Lord Burghley, to borrow the robes in the Tower of London, to wear in a tragedy to be acted by them," — we find it must not be: but as this volume contains many curious particulars relating to James I., the two Charleses, and James II., we are quite sure that it cannot fail to be as acceptable as its companions. There is a letter of "Dudley Lord Carleton to the queen, announcing the assassination of the Duke of Buckingham," which we give a brief extract: premising (in the language of the editor of the truth of which it has been our good fortune to have had ocular demonstration) that "the paper, which was found in Felton’s hat," and by which he was identified as the assassin of the Duke of Buckingham, is STILL PRESERVED. It was recently found among the Evelyn papery at Wotton in Surrey; and is now in the possession of Mr. Upcott, of the London Institution. The pedigree of this singular sip of paper is satisfactorily given by Mr. Ellis. The passage from Carleton’s letter to the queen, relating to the assassination of Buckingham, is as follows:
23 Aug 1628.
"This day, betwixt nine and ten of the clock in the morning, the Duke of Buckingham, then coming out of a parlour, into a hall, to go to his coach, and so to the king, (who was four miles off) having about him divers lords, colonels, and Captains, and many of his own servants, was, by one Felton, (once a lieutenant of this our army) slain at one blow with a dagger knife. In his staggering, he turned about, uttering only this word 'villaine!’ and never spake more: but presently, plucking out the knife from himself, before he fell to the ground, he made towards the traitor two or three paces, and then fell ainst a table, although he were upheld by divers that were near him, that (through the villain's close carriage in the act) could not perceive him hurt at all, but guessed him to be suddenly mare with some apoplexy, 'till they saw the blood come gushing from his mouth and the wound so fast, that life and breath at once left his begored body."
We have taken the liberty to modernise the spelling of this very curious description, in order to meet the tastes of the greater number of readers.
On 23 Aug 1628 George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 35) was murdered at Greyhound Pub, Portsmouth by a disgruntled soldier John Felton (age 33). He was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map]. His son George Villiers 2nd Duke of Buckingham succeeded 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham, 2nd Earl Buckingham.
Felton was considered a hero by many who blamed Buckingham for the failures of the 1625 Cádiz Expedition and 1627 Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré. Felton was subsequently hanged.
On 15 Aug 1642 Henry Bourchier 5th Earl Bath (age 55) rejected a summons from the House of Lords which required his attendance at Parliament. On 23 Aug 1642 his arrest was ordered. On 28 Sep 1642 he was arrested at Tawstock Court, Devon and imprisoned at the Tower of London [Map].
John Evelyn's Diary. 23 Aug 1660. Came Duke Hamilton (age 25), Lord Lothian (age 55), and several Scottish Lords, to see my garden.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23 Aug 1662. Anon come the King (age 32) and Queen (age 23) in a barge under a canopy with 10,000 barges and boats, I think, for we could see no water for them, nor discern the King nor Queen. And so they landed at White Hall Bridge, and the great guns on the other side went off: But that which pleased me best was, that my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 21) stood over against us upon a piece of White Hall, where I glutted myself with looking on her. But methought it was strange to see her Lord (age 28) and her upon the same place walking up and down without taking notice one of another, only at first entry he put off his hat, and she made him a very civil salute, but afterwards took no notice one of another; but both of them now and then would take their child, which the nurse held in her armes, and dandle it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23 Aug 1662. So we parted, and Mr. Creed by appointment being come, he and I went out together, and at an ordinary in Lombard Street [Map] dined together, and so walked down to the Styllyard [Map], and so all along Thames-street, but could not get a boat: I offered eight shillings for a boat to attend me this afternoon, and they would not, it being the day of the Queen's (age 23) coming to town from Hampton Court [Map].
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23 Aug 1665. After he was gone comes by a pretence of mine yesterday old Delks the waterman, with his daughter Robins, and several times to and again, he leaving her with me, about the getting of his son Robins off, who was pressed yesterday again.... All the afternoon at my office mighty busy writing letters, and received a very kind and good one from my Lord Sandwich (age 40) of his arrival with the fleete at Solebay [Map], and the joy he has at my last newes he met with, of the marriage of my Lady Jemimah; and he tells me more, the good newes that all our ships, which were in such danger that nobody would insure upon them, from the Eastland1, were all safe arrived, which I am sure is a great piece of good luck, being in much more danger than those of Hambrough which were lost, and their value much greater at this time to us.
Note 1. Eastland was a name given to the eastern countries of Europe. The Eastland Company, or Company of Merchants trading to the East Country, was incorporated in Queen (age 26) Elizabeth's reign (anno 21), and the charter was confirmed 13 Car. II They were also called "The Merchants of Elbing"..
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23 Aug 1667. So being all dusty, we put into the Castle tavern, by the Savoy, and there brushed ourselves, and then to White Hall with our fellows to attend the Council, by order upon some proposition of my Lord Anglesey (age 53), we were called in.
John Evelyn's Diary. 23 Aug 1678. Upon Sir Robert Reading's (age 38) importunity, I went to visit the Duke of Norfolk (age 50), at his new palace at Weybridge, where he has laid out in building near £10,000, on a copyhold, and in a miserable, barren, sandy place by the street side; never in my life had I seen such expense to so small purpose. The rooms are wainscotted, and some of them richly pargeted with cedar, yew, cypress, etc. There are some good pictures, especially that incomparable painting of Holbein's, where the Duke of Norfolk, Charles Brandon and Henry VIII., are dancing with the three ladies, with most amorous countenances, and sprightly motion exquisitely expressed. It is a thousand pities (as I told my Lord of Arundel (age 23), his son), that that jewel should be given away.
On 23 Aug 1746, Saturday, Robert Rochfort 1st Earl of Belvedere (age 38) and Richard Herbert (age 42) engaged in a duel over a long-standing debt of honour at the fields between Tottenham Court Road and Marylebone. Robert Rochfort 1st Earl of Belvedere was badly wounded. Richard Herbert received a ball in the eye which came out at the back of the skull. He survived albeit with mentaal impairment.
On 23 Aug 1748 Elizabeth Andrews died. Memorial at St Germans Priory [Map]. Inscription:
To the Mem: of Elizabeth Glanvill The faithful and affectionate wife The sincere and Bosom friend The kind and equal partner In all the cares of her afflicted Husband John Glanville Esq. She lived (as much as in her lay) with a Conscience void of offence towards God And towards man and died praising God August 23 1748.
While faithful Earth does thy cold Relics keep
And soft as was thy nature is thy sleep,
Let here this pious marble fix'd above
Witness the Husband's grief, the Husband's love
Grief that no rolling years can ere efface
And love that only with himself must cease
And let it bear for thee this heartfelt boast
T'was He who knew thee best that lov'd thee most.
John Glanville their only child died Jan. 7th 1750-1 in the 21 year of his age.
Elizabeth Andrews: Before 1727 John Glanville of Catchfrench and she were married.
On 23 Aug 1754 Louis XVI King France was born to Dauphin Louis Bourbon (age 24) and Dauphine Maria Josepha of France (age 22).
On 23 Aug 1799 Major George Seymour Crole was born to King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 37) and Elizabeth Ilive Countess Egremont (age 30)
On 25 Jul 1829 Elizabeth Siddal was born to Charles Crooke Siddall (age 28) and Elizabeth Eleanor Evans at 7 Charles Street, Hatton Garden. She was baptised 23 Aug 1830 at St Andrew's Church, Holborn [Map].
Charles Crooke Siddall: Around 1801 he was born.
On 23 Aug 1861 Philip Hamond (age 22) died from sun stroke in India. Memorial in All Saints Church, West Acre [Map].
Philip Hamond: Around 1839 he was born to Anthony Hamond and Mary Anne Musters.
On 23 Aug 1914 Prince Friedrich of Saxe Meiningen (age 52) was killed in action.
On 23 Aug 1933 Lieutenant-Colonel William Dale Chaytor Trotter (age 33) died. He has a memorial at St Mary's Church, Staindrop [Map].
Lieutenant-Colonel William Dale Chaytor Trotter: On 29 Jul 1900 he was born.
On 23 Aug 1944 a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Consolidated B-24 Liberator crashed during a test flight into the centre of the village of Freckleton, Lancashire, England, killing all three crewmen aboard the aircraft and 58 individuals on the ground, including 38 children aged four to six.
On approach from, the pilot First Lieutenant John Bloemendal reported to the control tower that he was aborting landing at the last moment and would perform a go-around. Shortly afterwards, and out of sight of the second aircraft, the aircraft hit the village of Freckleton, just east of the airfield.
Already flying very low to the ground and with wings near vertical, the B-24's right wing tip hit a tree-top and was ripped away as it impacted with the corner of a building. The rest of the wing continued, ploughing along the ground and through a hedge. The fuselage partly demolished three houses and the Sad Sack Snack Bar that catered specifically for American servicemen from the airbase, before crossing Lytham Road and bursting into flames.
After part of the aircraft hit the infants' wing of Freckleton Holy Trinity School, fuel from the ruptured tanks ignited and produced another sea of flames.
52 people (the three crew members on the B-24, 34 children, one teacher, six American servicemen, one RAF airman and seven Snack Bar staff) died instantly, with nine others (four children, one teacher, an American serviceman and three RAF airmen) later dying in hospital from their injuries.
Births on the 23rd August
On 23 Aug 963 Richard "Good" Normandy II Duke Normandy was born to Richard "Fearless" Normandy I Duke Normandy (age 30) and Gunnora Countess Ponthieu.
On 23 Aug 1276 Hugh Neville 1st Baron Neville Essex was born to John Neville (age 36).
On 23 Aug 1326 William Furnival 4th Baron Furnivall was born to Thomas Furnival 2nd Baron Furnivall and Joan Verdun Baroness Furnivall (age 23).
On 23 Aug 1334 John Welles 4th Baron Welles was born to Adam Welles 3rd Baron Welles (age 30) and Margaret Bardolf Baroness Welles (age 22).
On 23 Aug 1498 Miguel Aviz was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 29) and Isabella Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.38%.
On 23 Aug 1517 Francis Lorraine I Duke Lorraine was born to Antoine Lorraine II Duke Lorraine (age 28) and Renée Bourbon Duchess Lorraine (age 23) at Nancy.
After 23 Aug 1575 Robert de Vere 19th Earl of Oxford was born to Hugh Vere and Eleanor Walsh.
On 23 Aug 1602 John Marsham 1st Baronet was born.
On 23 Aug 1637 Bishop Francis Turner was born to Dean Thomas Turner (age 46) and Margaret Windebank.
On or before 23 Aug 1652 Colin Lindsay 3rd Earl Balcarres was born to Andrew Lindsay 1st Earl Balcarres (age 34).
On 23 Aug 1676 Catherine Russell Duchess Rutland was born to William Russell (age 36) and Rachel Wriothesley (age 40).
On 23 Aug 1693 George Murray was born to John Murray 1st Duke Atholl (age 33) and Catherine Hamilton Duchess Atholl (age 31).
Before 23 Aug 1707 Rowland Stanley 4th Baronet was born to William Stanley 3rd Baronet (age 28).
On 23 Aug 1712 Sophie Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg (age 36) and Magdalena Augusta Anhalt Zerbst Anhaltzerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg at Altenburg.
Around 23 Aug 1712 Mary Palmer Countess Winchelsea and Nottingham was born to Thomas Palmer 4th Baronet (age 30).
On 23 Aug 1725 James Radclyffe 4th Earl of Newburgh was born to Charles Radclyffe Earl Newburgh (age 31) and Charlotte Livingstone 3rd Countess Newburgh (age 31). He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 23 Aug 1730 James Hamilton 2nd Earl Clanbrassil was born to James Hamilton 1st Earl Clanbrassil (age 36) and Harriet Bentinck Countess Clanbrassil (age 24).
On 23 Aug 1737 Anne Thomas was born to Bishop John Thomas (age 41).
On 23 Aug 1741 James Hope Johnstone 3rd Earl Hopetoun was born to John Hope 2nd Earl Hopetoun (age 36) and Anne Ogilvy Countess Hopetoun (age 31).
On 23 Aug 1744 John Dawson 1st Earl Portarlington was born to William Henry Dawson 1st Viscount Carlow (age 31).
On 23 Aug 1751 George Shuckburgh-Evelyn 6th Baronet was born to Richard Schuckburgh (age 28).
On 23 Aug 1754 Louis XVI King France was born to Dauphin Louis Bourbon (age 24) and Dauphine Maria Josepha of France (age 22).
On 23 Aug 1760 Henrietta Cholmley Lady Strickland was born to Nathaniel Cholmley (age 38) and Henrietta-Katharina Croft.
On 23 Aug 1767 Richard Bedingfeld 5th Baronet was born to Richard Henry Bedingfield 4th Baronet (age 46) and Mary Browne (age 45) at Bath, Somerset [Map].
On 23 Aug 1768 Astley Paston Cooper 1st Baronet was born to Reverend Samuel Cooper (age 28) and Maria Susanna Bransby (age 31) at Brooke Hall, Norfolk. He was baptised on 09 Sep 1768 at St Peter's Church, Brooke [Map].
On 23 Aug 1770 Edward Moore 2nd Marquess Drogheda was born to Charles Moore 1st Marquess Drogheda (age 40) and Anne Seymour-Conway Marchioness Drogheda (age 26). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 23 Aug 1783 Henrietta Hay-Drummond was born to Robert Hay-Drummond 10th Earl Kinnoul (age 32) and Sarah Harley Countess Kinnoul.
On 23 Aug 1787 Charles Yorke was born to Philip Yorke 3rd Earl of Hardwicke (age 30) and Elizabeth Lindsay Countess Hardwicke (age 23).
On 23 Aug 1794 Rebecca Alton Lady Alleyne was born to John Alton.
On 23 Aug 1799 Major George Seymour Crole was born to King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (age 37) and Elizabeth Ilive Countess Egremont (age 30)
On 23 Aug 1800 Frederick Emil Oldenburg was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 34) and Louise Auguste possible father Johann Friedrich Struensee Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 29) . At Kiel. He a great x 2 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 23 Aug 1805 Admiral Frederick William Grey was born to Charles Grey 2nd Earl Grey (age 41) and Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby Countess Grey (age 29).
On 23 Aug 1806 Henry Howard 2nd Earl of Effingham was born to Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham (age 38) and Charlotte Primrose Countess Effingham (age 30). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.
On 23 Aug 1810 John Thomas Dutton was born to John Dutton 2nd Baron Sherborne (age 31).
On 23 Aug 1815 Henry Wentworth Acland 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Dyke Acland 10th Baronet (age 28) and Elizabeth Hoare (age 28).
On 23 Aug 1828 George Russell 4th Baronet was born to Henry Russell 2nd Baronet (age 45).
On 23 Aug 1876 Richard William Alan Onslow 5th Earl Onslow was born to William Onslow 4th Earl Onslow (age 23) and Florence Coulston Gardner Countess Onslow (age 23).
On 23 Aug 1886 Charles Daniel Finch-Knightley 10th Earl of Aylesford was born to Charles Wightwick Finch 8th Earl of Aylesford (age 35).
On 23 Aug 1898 Cynthia Blanche Curzon Lady Ancoats was born to George Nathaniel Curzon 1st Marquess Kedleston (age 39) and Mary Victoria Leiter Baroness Curzon Kedleston (age 28).
On 23 Aug 1900 Marion Feodorovna Louise Glyn was born to Frederic Glyn 4th Baron Wolverton (age 35) and Edith Amelia Ward Baroness Wolverton (age 27).
On 23 Aug 1904 Thelma Morgan Viscountess Furness was born to Harry Hays Morgan Senior. She was an identical twin with her sister Gloria aka Maria Mercedes Morgan.
On 23 Aug 1904 Gloria aka Maria Mercedes Morgan was born to Harry Hays Morgan Senior. She was an identical twin with her sister Thelma Morgan Viscountess Furness.
On 23 Aug 1909 Barbara Susan Montgomerie was born to Archibald Montgomerie 16th Earl of Eglinton (age 29) and Beatrice Susan Dalrymple Countess Eglinton.
On 23 Aug 1918 Andrew St John 21st Baron St John of Bletso was born to Rowland Tudor St John.
On 23 Aug 1944 Anthony Meyer 4th Baronet was born to Anthony Meyer 3rd Baronet (age 23).
On 23 Aug 1945 Julian Hardinge 4th Baron Hardinge was born to George Hardinge 3rd Baron Hardinge (age 23) and Janet Balfour Baroness Hardinge (age 22).
Marriages on the 23rd August
Before 23 Aug 1334 Adam Welles 3rd Baron Welles (age 30) and Margaret Bardolf Baroness Welles (age 22) were married. She by marriage Baroness Welles.
On 23 Aug 1605 Thomas Fitzwilliam 1st Viscount Fitzwilliam (age 24) and Margaret Plunkett were married.
On 23 Aug 1662 Patrick Lyon 3rd Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 19) and Helen Middleton Countess Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 17) were married. She by marriage Countess Strathmore and Kinghorne. She the daughter of John Middleton 1st Earl Middleton (age 54) and Grizel Durham Countess Middleton. He the son of John Lyon 2nd Earl Kinghorne and Elizabeth Maule Countess Kinghorne and Linlithgow.
On 23 Aug 1798 Alexander Baring 1st Baron Ashburton (age 23) and Ann Louisa Bingham Baroness Ashburton (age 16) were married.
On 23 Aug 1837 Arthur Hill 4th Marquess Downshire (age 25) and Caroline Stapleton-Cotton Marchioness Downshire (age 22) were married. He the son of Arthur Blundell Sandys Trumbull Hill 3rd Marquess Downshire (age 48) and Maria Windsor Marchioness Downshire (age 47).
Deaths on the 23rd August
On 23 Aug 1106 Magnus Billung Duke Saxony (age 61) died.
On 23 Aug 1383 Elizabeth Strange Countess Nottingham (age 21) died. Her sister Ankaret Strange 7th Baroness Strange Blackmere, Baroness Talbot (age 22) succeeded 7th Baroness Strange Blackmere. Richard Talbot 7th Baron Strange Blackmere 4th Baron Talbot (age 22) by marriage Baron Strange Blackmere.
On 23 Aug 1415 Wartislaw Griffins 8th Duke Pomerania died. His nephew Wartislaw Griffins 9th Duke Pomerania succeeded 9th Duke Pomerania.
On 23 Aug 1452 James "White Earl" Butler 4th Earl Ormonde (age 59) died at Dublin [Map]. He was buried at St Mary's Abbey, Dublin. His son James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde (age 31) succeeded 5th Earl Ormonde.
On 23 Aug 1499 Bishop John Blythe (age 39) died. He was buried at Salisbury Cathedral [Map]. Monument bottom middle.
On 23 Aug 1502 Robert Willoughby 1st Baron Willoughby 9th Baron Latimer (age 50) died. His son Robert Willoughby 2nd Baron Willoughby 10th Baron Latimer (age 30) succeeded 2nd Baron Willoughby Broke, 10th Baron Latimer of Corby. Elizabeth Beauchamp Baroness Willoughby of Broke (age 34) by marriage Baroness Willoughby Broke, Baroness Latimer of Corby.
On 23 Aug 1524 Bishop Edmund Tuchet (age 81) died. He was buried in Salisbury Cathedral [Map]. Finely carved monument. Similar in style to Prince Arthur's Chantry [Map] in Worcester Cathedral [Map].
Around 23 Aug 1557 Mary Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk (age 17) died from childbirth at Arundel House [Map].
On 23 Aug 1568 Thomas Wharton 1st Baron Wharton (age 73) died. His son Thomas Wharton 2nd Baron Wharton (age 48) succeeded 2nd Baron Wharton. Anne Radclyffe Baroness Wharton by marriage Baroness Wharton.
On 23 Aug 1613 John Harington 1st Baron Harington (age 73) died. His son John Harrington 2nd Baron Harington (age 21) succeeded 2nd Baron Harington of Exton.
On 23 Aug 1628 George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 35) was murdered at Greyhound Pub, Portsmouth by a disgruntled soldier John Felton (age 33). He was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map]. His son George Villiers 2nd Duke of Buckingham succeeded 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham, 2nd Earl Buckingham.
Felton was considered a hero by many who blamed Buckingham for the failures of the 1625 Cádiz Expedition and 1627 Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré. Felton was subsequently hanged.
On 23 Aug 1632 Frances Howard Countess Essex and Somerset (age 42) died.
On 23 Aug 1638 Robert Mordaunt 2nd Baronet died. On 23 Aug 1638 His son Charles Mordaunt 3rd Baronet succeeded 3rd Baronet Mordaunt of Massingham Parva.
On 23 Aug 1641 John Leslie 6th Earl Rothes (age 41) died. His son John Leslie 1st Duke Rothes (age 11) succeeded 7th Earl Rothes.
On 23 Aug 1652 John Byron 1st Baron Byron (age 53) died at Paris [Map]. His brother Richard Byron 2nd Baron Byron (age 46) succeeded 2nd Baron Byron of Rochdale in Lancashire.
After 23 Aug 1661 Mary MacDonnell Viscountess Dillon died.
Before 23 Aug 1680, the date of his burial at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion, John Coryton 1st Baronet (age 59) died. His son John Coryton 2nd Baronet (age 32) succeeded 2nd Baronet Coryton of Newton.
On 23 Aug 1683 William Verney 18th Baron Latimer 10th Baron Willoughby (age 15) died. He was buried at Compton Verney Chapel [Map]. His great uncle Richard Verney 19th Baron Latimer 11th Baron Willoughby (age 62) succeeded 19th Baron Latimer of Corby, 11th Baron Willoughby Broke.
On 23 Aug 1685 William Feilding 2nd Earl Desmond 3rd Earl Denbigh (age 44) died. His son Basil Feilding 3rd Earl Desmond 4th Earl Denbigh (age 17) succeeded 3rd Earl Desmond, 4th Earl Denbigh, 4th Viscount Feilding, 4th Baron Feilding of Newnham Paddocks in Warwickshire, 3rd Viscount Callan of Callan in Kilkenny, 3rd Baron Feilding of Lecagh in Tipperary, 3rd Baron St Liz.
On 23 Aug 1690 Margaret Peake Lady Shaw died. She was buried 29 Aug 1690 at Church of Holy Trinity, Eltham.
Around 20 Aug 1744 John St Aubyn 3rd Baronet (age 47) died at Pencarrow House, Cornwall. He was buried at St Crewenna's Church, Crowan on 23 Aug 1744. His son John St Aubyn 4th Baronet (age 17) succeeded 4th Baronet St Aubyn of Clowance in Cornwall.
On 23 Aug 1749 Gilfrid Lawson 6th Baronet (age 74) died unmarried. His brother Alfred Lawson 7th Baronet (age 73) succeeded 7th Baronet Lawson of Isel Hall in Cumbria.
On 23 Aug 1751 Mary Edwards Lady Wrey died.
On 23 Aug 1765 Rowland Winn 4th Baronet (age 59) died. His son Rowland Winn 5th Baronet (age 26) succeeded 5th Baronet Winn of Nostel in Yorkshire.
On 23 Aug 1778 Charles Sedley 2nd Baronet (age 57) died unmarried. Baronet Sedley of Southfleet in Kent extinct.
On 23 Aug 1803 Cornwallis Maude 1st Viscount Hawarden (age 73) died. His son Thomas Ralph Maude 2nd Viscount Hawarden (age 36) succeeded 2nd Viscount Hawarden, 2nd Baron Montalt of Hawarden in Tipperary, 4th Baronet of Dundrum in Tipperary. Frances Anne Agar Viscountess Hawarden by marriage Viscountess Hawarden.
On 23 Aug 1812 John Eden 4th Baronet (age 71) died. His son Robert Johnson Eden 5th Baronet (age 37) succeeded 5th Baronet Eden of West Auckland.
On 23 Aug 1828 John Foster 1st Baron Oriel (age 88) died. His son Thomas Henry Foster aka Skeffington 2nd Viscount Ferrard (age 56) succeeded 2nd Baron Oriel of Ferrand in Louth.
On 23 Aug 1829 Thomas Whichcote 6th Baronet (age 42) died. His son Thomas Whichcote 7th Baronet (age 16) succeeded 7th Baronet Whichcote of the Inner Temple in the City of London.
On 23 Aug 1850 Charles Evelyn Pierrepont (age 44) died at Torquay, Devon. He was buried at the Church of St Edmund, Holme Pierrepoint [Map]. His brother Sydney William Herbert Pierrepont 3rd Earl Manvers (age 25) succeeded 3rd Earl Manvers, 3rd Viscount Newark, 3rd Baron Pierrepont of Holme Pierrepoint.
On 23 Aug 1875 Glynne Earl Welby 3rd Baronet (age 69) died. His son William Earle Welby-Gregory 4th Baronet (age 46) succeeded 4th Baronet Welby of Denton Manor in Lincolnshire.
On 23 Aug 1885 Edward Marmaduke Joseph Vavavsour 2nd Baronet (age 70) died. His nephew William Vavasour 3rd Baronet (age 38) succeeded 3rd Baronet Vavasour of Hazlewood in Yorkshire.
On 23 Aug 1930 Alan Ian Percy 8th Duke Northumberland (age 50) died. His son Henry George Alan Percy 9th Duke Northumberland (age 18) succeeded 9th Duke Northumberland, 6th Earl Beverley, 12th Baronet Smithson of Stanwick in Yorkshire.
On 23 Aug 1932 Constance Mary Lascelles Baroness Wenlock (age 80) died.
On 23 Aug 1940 Ellen Palmer Morewood Countess Shrewsbury Waterford Talbot (age 84) died.
On 23 Aug 1949 Edward Paulet Stracey 7th Baronet (age 78) died. His son Michael George Motley Stracey 8th Baronet (age 38) succeeded 8th Baronet Stracey of Rackheath in Norfolk.