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On this Day in History ... 26th August

26 Aug is in August.

1346 Battle of Crécy

1666 Great Plague of London

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 26th August

On 26 Aug 1278 Ottokar "Iron King" II King Bohemia (age 45) died. His son King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland (age 6) succeeded II King Bohemia.

Life of the Black Prince by Chandos Herald. 26 Aug 1346

A quoy faire vous conteroyeWhy should I recount and prolong
Le matere et alongeroye ?The matter?
Celuy jour y ot il batailleThat day there was a battle
Si orible, que, tout sanz faille,So horrible, that, without fail,
Onques ne fu corps si hardisThere was never a body so brave
Que n’en pooit estre esbahis.That could not be astonished.
Qui veist venir le puissanceWhoever saw the power
Et le pooir du Roi de ffrance,And the might of the King of France,
Grant mervaille seroit a dire !It would be a great marvel to tell!
Espris de mautalent et d’ireDriven by malice and wrath
Se vont ensamble entr’encontrer,They went together to meet,
En faisant d’armes le mester,In making their craft of arms,
Si tres chevalerousementSo very chivalrously
Que onques puis 'avenementThat ever since the advent
Ne vit on bataille plus fiere.No fiercer battle was ever seen.
La veoit on maynte baniere,There one could see many banners,
Pointe de fin or et de soye,Pointed with fine gold and silk,
Et la, se li vrais Dieux m’avoye,And there, if the true God aids me,
Englois estoient tout a pie,The English were all on foot,
Com cil qui feurent afaitieAs those who were accustomed
De combatre et entalente.To fight and eager.
La fu li Princes de bonte,There was the Prince of goodness,
Qui I'avantgarde conduisoit,Who led the vanguard,
Si vaillantment se governoitSo valiantly he conducted himself
Que merveille fu a veir ;That it was a marvel to see;
A paines lessoit envairHe scarcely let
Nuli, tant fust hardyz ne forz.Anyone, however brave or strong, invade.
Que vous feroie lons recorz ?What long record should I make?
Tant combatirent celui jourThey fought so much that day
Qu’Englois en avoyent le meillour.That the English had the better of it.
Et la fu morz li nobles RoysAnd there died the noble King
De Behaigne qui fu courtoys,Of Bohemia who was courteous,
Et li bons ducs de LoerayneAnd the good Duke of Lorraine
Qui moult fu noble capitayne,Who was a very noble captain,
Et de fflandres li nobles conteAnd the noble Count of Flanders
Dont on fesoit un grant aconte,Of whom a great account was made,
Et li bons conte d’AlencionAnd the good Count of Alençon
Qui fu frere au Roy Philippon,Who was brother to King Philip,
Cils de Joii + de Harcourt.Those of Joinville + of Harcourt.
Que vous diroye a brief mot court?What can I tell you in brief words?
Uns roys, uns ducs et sept contesA king, a duke, and seven counts
Et, ensi com dit li acontes,And, as the account says,
Plus que LX baneresMore than sixty banners
ffurent illoecques mort, tout fres,Were there killed, all fresh,
Et trois roi qui s'en departirent ;And three kings who departed from there;
Et plusours autre s’en fuirent,And many others fled,
Dont je ne say mie le nombre,Of whom I do not know the number,
Ne n'est pas droiz que je le nombre;Nor is it right that I count them;
Mais je sai bien que celi jourBut I know well that that day
Li nobles Princes de valourThe noble Prince of valor
Del bataille avoit 'avantgardeHad the vanguard of the battle
Si com on doit bien prendre garde,As one must take note,
Car par lui et par ses vertusFor by him and by his virtues
ffu li champs gaigniez et vaincus.Was the field won and conquered.

Froissart Book 1 Chapter 130. 26 Aug 1346. Of the battle of Cressy between the king of England and the French king.

Chronicle of Henry Knighton. Battle of Crécy. 26 Aug 1346. And then, because Philip of Valois was moving from that place with his army, King Edward with his people withdrew into the forest of Cressy. Around the ninth hour, new rumours came to King Edward that King Philip was ready and arrayed in three distinct battle lines. King Edward, made joyful by this, prepared his people. And he came to the bridge of Cressy, and around the hour of vespers, and a little before, Edward watched the enemies approach. The English had remained fasting due to the long delay in waiting for the French, so that they could always be ready at their arrival. Immediately the trumpets and horns sounded, and there was an accompanying downpour of rain, with great thundering horror, and soon that remarkable storm ceased.

Bellum de Cressy. Et tunc quia Philippus Valoys se mouebat de illo loco cum exercitu, rex Edwardus cum populo suo recepit se in forestam de Cressy. Et circa horam nonam uenerunt noui rumores ad regem Edwardum, quod rex Philippus paratus erat et arraiatus in .iij. distentibus aciebus. Rex Edwardus, ex hoc letus effectus, parauit populum suum. Et uenit ad pontem de Cressy, et circa horam uesperarum et parum ante, prospexit Edwardus inimicos appropinquare. Anglici ieiuni adhuc erant pre longa mora Francos expectando, ut semper possent esse parati in eorum aduentu. Statimque clanxerunt clarriones et tube, inundacioque pluuiarum comitabatur, tonutruique magni horribilitas, et in breui cessauit illa mirabilis tempestas.

Chronicle of the Monastery of Melsa 1346. 26 Aug 1346. Where King Edward, having left his horses and wagons behind to prevent his men from fleeing more freely, divided his army into three battalions and chose a field between the town and the forest of Crécy. In these three battalions, there were estimated to be a total of 8,000 men at arms, with archers placed strategically on either side. And when Edward was thus positioned with his men on that Saturday, the 26th day of August, behold, Philip appeared with 30,000 armed men and innumerable commoners, arranged in order. There, they fought continuously from the hour of vespers until night. The French, forming one large battalion from their three divisions, fiercely attacked the first battalion of the English, in which was Edward, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of King Edward. And immediately, a great multitude of crows and ravens appeared flying and croaking around the French, and a terrifying thunderstorm followed, with thunder roaring twice and rain falling, which brought down the dust that had been lifted into the air. It had not rained on that land since the day King Edward entered the kingdom of France, for 6 weeks and 8 days.

Ubi rex Edwardus, equis suis et cariagiis post tergum dimissis, ne sui liberius ad fugam convolarent, exercituque suo in tres acies diviso, inter villam et forestam de Cressy campum preelegit. In istis siquidem tribus aciebus 8,000 hominum ad arma fuerunt totaliter eestimati, aliis hinc inde dispositis de sagittariis constitutis. Et ipso Edwardo sic cum suis ibidem constituto, sabbato 26 die Augusti, ecce Philippus cum 30,000 armatorum et communitatibus innumerabilibus, ordine disposito, apparebat. Ibique ab hora vesperarum usque ad noctem continue decertarunt. Franci autem de tribus ocuneis unam aciem maximam componebant, et Anglorum primam aciem, in quo erat Edwardus Princeps Wallis, regis Edwardus primogenitus, acrius invadebant. Et statim videbatur maxima multitudo corvorum et cornicum circumquaque volantium et orocitantium super Francos; et tonitruum terribilem bis tonantem pluvia, que pulverem per aiera levatum dejecit, sequebatur. Nec pluerat super terram illam a die quo rex Edwardus regnum Francie ingressus est, per 6 videlicet septimanas et 8 dies.

On 26 Aug 1346 the army of King Edward III of England (age 33) defeated the French army at the Battle of Crécy. The English army was commanded by King Edward III of England, his son Edward "Black Prince" (age 16), Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 33), William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton (age 36) and John Beauchamp 1st Baron Beauchamp Warwick (age 30).

The English army was included: Bishop Thomas of Hatfield (age 36), Hugh Despencer 1st Baron Despencer (age 38), Bernard Brocas (age 16), Thomas Felton (age 16), James Audley (age 28), Robert Bourchier 1st Baron Bourchier, Bartholomew "The Elder" Burghesh 1st Baron Burghesh (age 59), Bartholomew "The Younger" Burghesh 2nd Baron Burghesh (age 18), Reginald Cobham 1st Baron Cobham (age 51), John Darcy 1st Baron Darcy of Knayth (age 66), Robert Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 37), Richard Scrope 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton (age 19), William Scrope (age 21), Stephen Scrope (age 21), William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby (age 16), John Lisle 2nd Baron Lisle (age 28), Gerard Lisle 1st Baron Lisle (age 42), Nicholas Longford (age 61), Edward Montagu 1st Baron Montagu, Walter Paveley 4th Baron Burghesh (age 27), Michael Poynings 1st Baron Poynings (age 28), Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk (age 48), John de Vere 7th Earl of Oxford (age 34), Thomas West (age 34), John Willoughby 2nd Baron Willoughby (age 43), John Wingfield (age 26), Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 25), Hugh Courtenay 10th Earl Devon (age 43) (possibly), Walter "Elder" Devereux (age 37), John Devereux (age 44), Enion Sais Brecon, John Chandos (age 26), Richard Pembridge (age 26) and John Sully (age 63).

The French army suffered significant casualties. King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France (age 52) was wounded. William de Coucy (age 60) and his son Enguerrand 6th Lord de Coucy (age 33) and were killed.

Charles Valois Count Alençon (age 49) was killed. His son Charles Valois Archbishop of Lyons (age 9) succeeded Count Alençon.

Louis Chatillon II Count Blois I Count Chatillon was killed. His son Louis Chatillon III Count Blois Count Soissons succeeded III Count Blois.

Louis Dampierre II Count Nevers I Count Flanders (age 42) was killed. His son Louis Dampierre III Count Nevers II Count Flanders (age 15) succeeded III Count Nevers, II Count Flanders.

King John I of Bohemia (age 50) was killed. His son Charles IV King Bohemia Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg (age 30) succeeded IV King Bohemia.

Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine (age 26) was killed. His son John Metz I Duke Lorraine succeeded I Duke Lorraine.

Jean IV de Harcourt (age 39) was killed.

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Adam Murimuth Continuation. 26 Aug 1346. And the said battle was committed near Crecy on the Saturday after the feast of Saint Bartholomew, which was the twenty-sixth day of August, as is evident from other letters sent previously and some other, albeit not contradictory, contents.

Et fuit commissum dictum bellum prope Cressy die Sabbati post festum sancti Bartholomæi, que fuit vicesima, sexta mensis Augusti, sicut patet per alias literas præmissa et quædam alia, non tamen contraria, continentes.

On 26 Aug 1349 Archbishop Thomas Bradwardine (age 49) died of plague.

On 26 Aug 1377 Enguerrand de Coucy 1st Earl Bedford 1st Count Soissons (age 37) renounced his title Earl Bedford following the accession of King Richard II of England (age 10).

On 26 Aug 1469 Ferdinand II King Naples was born to Alfonso II King Naples (age 20) and Ippolita Maria Sforza (age 23).

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1536. 26 Aug 1537. This yeare, on Soundaie the 26th daie of August, the Lord Crumwell (age 52) was made Knight of the Garter and stlled at Wyndsore.

On 26 Aug 1540 Magnus Oldenburg was born to Christian III King Denmark (age 37) and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 29)..

Henry Machyn's Diary. 26 Aug 1552. The xxvjth day of August ded ser Clementt Smyth (age 45) knyght, and unkull unto owre soverayn lord and kyng Edward the vjth, the wyche ser Clement mared qwyne Jane('s) syster (age 36); and he ded in Essex, at a plasse callyd Badow.

Note. Death of sir Clement Smith. Sir Clement married Dorothy Seymour, sister of queen Jane, and of Edward duke of Somerset. King Edward, in his Diary, under the 24th March 1550–1, records his being "chidden" for having a year before heard mass.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 26 Aug 1555. The xxvj day of August cam from Westmynster, rydyng thrugh London unto Towrs-warff, the Kyng (age 28) and the Quen (age 39), and ther thay toke ther barge unto Grenwyche [Map], and landyd at the long bryge, and reseyvyd by my lord chanseler (age 72), and my lord of Ely (age 49), and my lord vycont Montyguw (age 26), master comtroller, master Sowthwell (age 52), and dyvers mo, and the gard, and dyvers holdyn torchys bornynge, and up to the Frers, and ther thare graces mad ther praers, and at her grace('s) landyng received ix or x suplycasyon(s), and so bake agayn to the court with a c. torchys bornyng.

Letters of the Court of James I 1613. 26 Aug 1613. London. Reverend Thomas Lorkin to Thomas Puckering 1st Baronet (age 21).

Queen Margaret (age 60)1, I hear, is very sick, they say, out of conceit; for that it hath been told her, that the almanac doth foretel that this month one of the greatest women of Christendom shall die. The world would laugh, if so great a woman as she is (saith mine author) should have so little wit, as to be put to death by an almanac. The Prince of Conde (age 24), having overheated his body lately in hunting of the stag, fell into a burning ague, and was in some danger for four or five days; but now the violence of the disease being spent, there is a good hope conceived of his recovery.

The Duke d'Espernon (age 59), pretending to live in great fear of his life by reason of the mortal hatred, which divers of his enemies bear him, hath obtained of the queen, for better security, a guard of twenty men taken out of the regiment des gardes who accompany him up and down, wherever he goes; which is offensive to many, who think it strange that the public guard should be employed in the maintaining of his particular factions.

One Recion, a printer of the Religion, having long since reprinted the book of "Novus Homo," (which was published here in England before against the present Pope) was condemned by the Judge of the Chatelet to make an amende honorable before the court, and another before the Nuncio; the further sentence was, that the book should be burned at the Nuncio's gates; and the printer himself banished for ever out of Paris. From which sentence he appealing to the Court of Parliament, they have remitted all his other punishments, save banishment, and that they have restrained only to two years.

Those of the Religion having begun to build a college at Charenton, for the instruction of their youth, the lieutenant-civil adjourned the deputies-general to appear before him, to answer the matter; but they sent him word they were responsible to none but the chancellor, and do not let to go forward with the building; being confident they are sufficiently warranted thereunto by the grants and license of the last king. Richeome, the Jesuit, hath newly set forth at Bordeaux an answer of "Anti-Coton" and La Martaliere's Plea against the Jesuits, and I understand that Suarez2, the Jesuit, hath newly set forth a great book in quarto at Coimbra, in answer to his majesty's apology. The quarrel between the King of Denmark and the States' is now at length happily compounded. My Lord Harrington (deceased) and his lady (age 59) are, by this, I suppose, arrived in England, having left the Palatine's court above a fortnight since. Sir John is gone to meet them at Calais; otherwise, I suppose, your letter should ere now have received answer. Some time next week, if not the latter end of this, his majesty is expected here in London.

Note 1. The first wife of Henry IV of France, from whom she was divorced. She died 27th March, 1615.

Note 2. Francis Saurez, a Spanish theologian, who attacked James in a work written in defence of Catholicism, to which the king thought proper to reply by the hands of the hangman; a functionary who seems to have been much troabled at this period with the writings of zealoas controversialists. Saarez pablished twenty-three folio volumes, and died at Lisbon in 1613.

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Diary of Anne Clifford 1616. 26 Aug 1616. Upon the 26th came my Coz. Clifford to Appleby but with a far less train than my Lord (age 27).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 26 Aug 1661. At night at home I found a letter from my Lord Sandwich (age 36), who is now very well again of his feaver, but not yet gone from Alicante, where he lay sick, and was twice let blood. This letter dated the 22nd July last, which puts me out of doubt of his being ill. In my coming home I called in at the Crane tavern at the Stocks by appointment, and there met and took leave of Mr. Fanshaw, who goes to-morrow and Captain Isham (age 33) toward their voyage to Portugal. Here we drank a great deal of wine, I too much and Mr. Fanshaw till he could hardly go. So we took leave one of another.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 26 Aug 1664. Thence to the Dockyarde, and there saw the new ship in very great forwardness, and so by water to Deptford, Kent [Map] a little, and so home and shifting myself, to the 'Change [Map], and there did business, and thence down by water to White Hall, by the way, at the Three Cranes, putting into an alehouse and eat a bit of bread and cheese. There I could not get into the Parke, and so was fain to stay in the gallery over the gate to look to the passage into the Parke, into which the King (age 34) hath forbid of late anybody's coming, to watch his coming that had appointed me to come, which he did by and by with his lady and went to Guardener's Lane, and there instead of meeting with one that was handsome and could play well, as they told me, she is the ugliest beast and plays so basely as I never heard anybody, so that I should loathe her being in my house. However, she took us by and by and showed us indeed some pictures at one Hiseman's (age 31), a picture drawer, a Dutchman, which is said to exceed Lilly (age 45), and indeed there is both of the Queenes (age 54) and Mayds of Honour (particularly Mrs. Stewart's (age 17) in a buff doublet like a soldier) as good pictures, I think, as ever I saw. The Queene is drawn in one like a shepherdess, in the other like St. Katharin, most like and most admirably. I was mightily pleased with this sight indeed, and so back again to their lodgings, where I left them, but before I went this mare that carried me, whose name I know not but that they call him Sir John, a pitiful fellow, whose face I have long known but upon what score I know not, but he could have the confidence to ask me to lay down money for him to renew the lease of his house, which I did give eare to there because I was there receiving a civility from him, but shall not part with my money.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 26 Aug 1666. Thence to discourse of the times; and he tells me he believes both my Lord Arlington (age 48) and Sir W. Coventry (age 38), as well as my Lord Sandwich (age 41) and Sir G. Carteret (age 56), have reason to fear, and are afeard of this Parliament now coming on. He tells me that Bristoll's (age 53) faction is getting ground apace against my Chancellor (age 57). He told me that my old Lord Coventry was a cunning, crafty man, and did make as many bad decrees in Chancery as any man; and that in one case, that occasioned many years' dispute, at last when the King (age 36) come in, it was hoped by the party grieved, to get my Chancellor to reverse a decree of his. Sir W. Coventry took the opportunity of the business between the Duke of Yorke (age 32) and the Duchesse (age 29), and said to my Chancellor, that he had rather be drawn up Holborne to be hanged, than live to see his father pissed upon (in these very terms) and any decree of his reversed. And so the Chancellor did not think fit to do it, but it still stands, to the undoing of one Norton, a printer, about his right to the printing of the Bible, and Grammar, &c.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 26 Aug 1666. But, however, I was in pain, after we come out, to know how I had done; and hear well enough. But, however, it shall be a caution to me to prepare myself against a day of inquisition. Being come out, I met with Mr. Moore, and he and I an houre together in the Gallery, telling me how far they are gone in getting my Lord [Sandwich's] pardon, so as the Chancellor (age 57) is prepared in it; and Sir H. Bennet (age 48) do promote it, and the warrant for the King's signing is drawn. The business between my Lord Hinchingbrooke (age 18) and Mrs. Mallett (age 15) is quite broke off; he attending her at Tunbridge [Map], and she declaring her affections to be settled; and he not being fully pleased with the vanity and liberty of her carriage. He told me how my Lord has drawn a bill of exchange from Spayne of £1200, and would have me supply him with £500 of it, but I avoyded it, being not willing to embarke myself in money there, where I see things going to ruine.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 26 Aug 1666. After dinner we parted, and I to my office, whither I sent for Mr. Lewes and instructed myself fully in the business of the Victualling, to enable me to answer in the matter; and then Sir W. Pen (age 45) and I by coach to White Hall, and there staid till the King (age 36) and Cabinet were met in the Green Chamber, and then we were called in; and there the King begun with me, to hear how the victualls of the fleete stood. I did in a long discourse tell him and the rest (the Duke of Yorke (age 32), Chancellor (age 57), Lord Treasurer (age 59), both the Secretarys, Sir G. Carteret (age 56), and Sir W. Coventry (age 38),) how it stood, wherein they seemed satisfied, but press mightily for more supplies; and the letter of the Generalls, which was read, did lay their not going or too soon returning from the Dutch coast, this next bout, to the want of victuals. They then proceeded to the enquiry after the fireships; and did all very superficially, and without any severity at all.

John Evelyn's Diary. 26 Aug 1666. The contagion still continuing, we had the Church service at home.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 26 Aug 1667. Then to the office, where we sat upon a particular business all the morning: and my Lord Anglesey (age 53) with us: who, and my Lord Bruncker (age 47), do bring us news how my Chancellor's (age 58) seal is to be taken away from him to-day. The thing is so great and sudden to me, that it put me into a very great admiration what should be the meaning of it; and they do not own that they know what it should be: but this is certain, that the King (age 37) did resolve it on Saturday, and did yesterday send the Duke of Albemarle (age 58), the only man fit for those works, to him for his purse: to which the Chancellor answered, that he received it from the King, and would deliver it to the King's own hand, and so civilly returned the Duke of Albemarle without it; and this morning my Chancellor is to be with the King, to come to an end in the business. After sitting, we rose, and my wife being gone abroad with Mrs. Turner (age 44) to her washing at the whitster's, I dined at Sir W. Batten's (age 66), where Mr. Boreman was, who come from White Hall; who tells us that he saw my Chancellor come in his coach with some of his men, without his Seal, to White Hall to his chamber; and thither the King and Duke of York (age 33) come and staid together alone, an hour or more: and it is said that the King do say that he will have the Parliament meet, and that it will prevent much trouble by having of him out of their enmity, by his place being taken away; for that all their enmity will be at him. It is said also that my Chancellor answers, that he desires he may be brought to his trial, if he have done any thing to lose his office; and that he will be willing, and is most desirous, to lose that, and his head both together. Upon what terms they parted nobody knows but the Chancellor looked sad, he says. Then in comes Sir Richard Ford (age 53), and says he hears that there is nobody more presses to reconcile the King and Chancellor than the Duke of Albemarle and Duke of Buckingham (age 39): the latter of which is very strange, not only that he who was so lately his enemy should do it, but that this man, that but the other day was in danger of losing his own head, should so soon come to be a mediator for others: it shows a wise Government. They all say that he [Clarendon] is but a poor man, not worth above £3000 a-year in land; but this I cannot believe: and all do blame him for having built so great a house, till he had got a better estate. Having dined, Sir J. Minnes (age 68) and I to White Hall, where we could be informed in no more than we were told before, nobody knowing the result of the meeting, but that the matter is suspended. So I walked to the King's playhouse, there to meet Sir W. Pen (age 46), and saw "The Surprizall", a very mean play, I thought: or else it was because I was out of humour, and but very little company in the house. But there Sir W. Pen and I had a great deal of discourse with Moll; who tells us that Nell (age 17) is already left by my Lord Buckhurst (age 24), and that he makes sport of her, and swears she hath had all she could get of him; and Hart1, her great admirer, now hates her; and that she is very poor, and hath lost my Baroness Castlemayne (age 26), who was her great friend also but she is come to the House, but is neglected by them all2. Thence with Sir W. Pen home, and I to the office, where late about business, and then home to supper, and so to bed.

Note 1. Charles Hart, great-nephew of Shakespeare, a favourite actor. He is credited with being Nell Gwyn's first lover (or Charles I, as the wits put it), and with having brought her on the stage. He died of stone, and was buried at Stanmore Magna, Middlesex, where he had a country house.

Note 2. Lord Buckhurst's liaison with Nell Gwyn probably came to an end about this time. We learn from Pepys that in January, 1667-68, the King sent several times for Nelly (see January 11th, 1667-68). Nell's eldest son by Charles II, Charles Beauclerc, was not born till May 8th, 1670. He was created Earl of Burford in 1676 and Duke of St. Albans in 1684.

John Evelyn's Diary. 26 Aug 1676. I dined at the Admiralty with Secretary Pepys (age 43), and supped at the Lord Chamberlain's (age 58). Here was Captain Baker, who had been lately on the attempt of the Northwest passage. He reported prodigious depth of ice, blue as a sapphire, and as transparent. The thick mists were their chief impediment, and cause of their return.

On 26 Aug 1728 Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia (age 58) died.

On 26 Aug 1749 John Crewe of Crewe (age 68) died. Monument at St Bertoline's Church, Barthomley [Map] commissioned by his wife Sarah Price (age 67).

John Crewe of Crewe: Around 1681 he was born to John Offley of Madely in Staffordshire and Anne Crewe. In or before 1709 John Crewe of Crewe and Sarah Price were married.

Sarah Price: Around 1682 she was born. On 08 May 1751 she died.

Births on the 26th August

On 26 Aug 1438 Ernest Wittelsbach was born to Albert Wittelsbach III Duke Bavaria (age 37) and Anna Brunswick Grubenhagen Duchess Bavaria (age 24).

On 26 Aug 1469 Ferdinand II King Naples was born to Alfonso II King Naples (age 20) and Ippolita Maria Sforza (age 23).

On 26 Aug 1540 Magnus Oldenburg was born to Christian III King Denmark (age 37) and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 29)..

On 26 Aug 1699 Léopold Lorraine was born to Leopold Duke of Lorraine (age 19) and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine (age 22). He a great x 3 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

On 26 Aug 1723 George Carpenter 1st Earl Tyrconnel was born to George Carpenter 2nd Baron Carpenter (age 28) and Elizabeth Petty Baroness Carpenter.

On 26 Aug 1774 John Lubbock 2nd Baronet was born to William Lubbock (age 28) and Anne Woodrow.

Around 26 Aug 1792 William Worsley 1st Baronet was born to George Worsley (age 30) and Anne Cayley (age 24).

On 26 Aug 1828 Archbishop William Plunket 4th Baron Plunket was born to John Span Plunket 3rd Baron Plunket (age 35) and Charlotte Bushe.

On 26 Aug 1844 William Lewis Salusbury-Trelawny 10th Baronet was born to John Salusbury Salusbury-Trelawny 9th Baronet (age 28) and Harriet Jane Tremayne Lady Salusbury-Trelawny (age 23).

On 26 Aug 1850 Mary Anne Arkwright Lady Fitzherbert was born to Edward Arkwright and Charlotte Wilmot-Sitwell (age 28).

On 26 Aug 1915 Pamela Louisa Dillon Baroness Onslow was born to Brigadier Eric FitzGerald Dillon 19th Viscount Dillon (age 34) and Nora Juanita Muriel Beckett Viscountess Dillon.

On 26 Aug 1944 Richard Alexander Walter Windsor 2nd Duke Gloucester was born to Henry Windsor 1st Duke Gloucester (age 44) and Alice Christabel Montagu-Douglas-Scott Duchess Gloucester (age 42). He a grandson of King George V of the United Kingdom.

Marriages on the 26th August

On 26 Aug 1171 Richard "Strongbow" Clare 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 41) and Aoife NI Diarmait Macmurrough Countess Pembroke and Buckingham (age 26) were married in Reginald's Tower, Waterford, County Waterford. He the son of Gilbert de Clare 1st Earl Pembroke and Isabel Beaumont Countess Pembroke.

On 26 Aug 1630 Nicholas L'Estrange 1st Baronet (age 26) and Anne Lewknor Lady Strange (age 18) were married. She by marriage Lady Strange of Hunstanton in Norfolk.

On 26 Aug 1649 William Armine 2nd Baronet (age 27) and Anne Crane (age 18) were married.

On 26 Aug 1661 Philip Wharton 4th Baron Wharton (age 48) and Ann Kerr Baroness Wharton (age 38) were married. She by marriage Baroness Wharton.

On 26 Aug 1722 George Carpenter 2nd Baron Carpenter (age 27) and Elizabeth Petty Baroness Carpenter were married at Leyton, Essex.

On 26 Aug 1746 William Irby 1st Baron Boston (age 39) and Albania Selwyn Baroness Boston (age 27) were married.

On 26 Aug 1799 John Barrow 1st Baronet (age 35) and Anna Maria Truter Lady Barrow (age 22) were married. They had four sons and two daughters.

26 Aug 1822 Edward West and Lucretia Georgiana ffolkes were married at St Marylebone Church. She the daughter of his guardian and uncle Martin ffolkes 1st Baronet.

Before 26 Aug 1828 John Span Plunket 3rd Baron Plunket (age 35) and Charlotte Bushe were married.

On 26 Aug 1856 Percy Burrell 4th Baronet (age 44) and Henrietta Katherine Brooke-Pechell were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. There was no issue from the marriage.

On 26 Aug 1875 Thomas Coke 2nd Earl of Leicester (age 52) and Georgina Caroline Cavendish Countess Leicester (age 23) were married. She by marriage Countess of Leicester. The difference in their ages was 29 years. He the son of Thomas Coke 1st Earl of Leicester and Anne Amelia Keppel Countess Leicester. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 26 Aug 1884 Herbert Lloyd Watkin Williams-Wynn 7th Baronet (age 24) and Louisa Alexandra Williams-Wynn Lady Williams-Wynn (age 19) were married. They divorced in 1898 having had three children. They were first cousins.

Deaths on the 26th August

On 26 Aug 1273 Roger Somery 2nd Baron Dudley (age 83) died at Dudley Castle [Map]. His son Roger Somery 3rd Baron Dudley (age 18) succeeded 3rd Baron Dudley of Somery. Agnes Unknown Baroness Dudley by marriage Baroness Dudley of Somery.

On 26 Aug 1278 Ottokar "Iron King" II King Bohemia (age 45) died. His son King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland (age 6) succeeded II King Bohemia.

On 26 Aug 1308 Edmund Stafford 1st Baron Stafford (age 36) died. His son Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 6) succeeded 2nd Baron Stafford.

On 26 Aug 1346 the army of King Edward III of England (age 33) defeated the French army at the Battle of Crécy. The English army was commanded by King Edward III of England, his son Edward "Black Prince" (age 16), Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 33), William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton (age 36) and John Beauchamp 1st Baron Beauchamp Warwick (age 30).

The English army was included: Bishop Thomas of Hatfield (age 36), Hugh Despencer 1st Baron Despencer (age 38), Bernard Brocas (age 16), Thomas Felton (age 16), James Audley (age 28), Robert Bourchier 1st Baron Bourchier, Bartholomew "The Elder" Burghesh 1st Baron Burghesh (age 59), Bartholomew "The Younger" Burghesh 2nd Baron Burghesh (age 18), Reginald Cobham 1st Baron Cobham (age 51), John Darcy 1st Baron Darcy of Knayth (age 66), Robert Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 37), Richard Scrope 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton (age 19), William Scrope (age 21), Stephen Scrope (age 21), William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby (age 16), John Lisle 2nd Baron Lisle (age 28), Gerard Lisle 1st Baron Lisle (age 42), Nicholas Longford (age 61), Edward Montagu 1st Baron Montagu, Walter Paveley 4th Baron Burghesh (age 27), Michael Poynings 1st Baron Poynings (age 28), Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk (age 48), John de Vere 7th Earl of Oxford (age 34), Thomas West (age 34), John Willoughby 2nd Baron Willoughby (age 43), John Wingfield (age 26), Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy (age 25), Hugh Courtenay 10th Earl Devon (age 43) (possibly), Walter "Elder" Devereux (age 37), John Devereux (age 44), Enion Sais Brecon, John Chandos (age 26), Richard Pembridge (age 26) and John Sully (age 63).

The French army suffered significant casualties. King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France (age 52) was wounded. William de Coucy (age 60) and his son Enguerrand 6th Lord de Coucy (age 33) and were killed.

Charles Valois Count Alençon (age 49) was killed. His son Charles Valois Archbishop of Lyons (age 9) succeeded Count Alençon.

Louis Chatillon II Count Blois I Count Chatillon was killed. His son Louis Chatillon III Count Blois Count Soissons succeeded III Count Blois.

Louis Dampierre II Count Nevers I Count Flanders (age 42) was killed. His son Louis Dampierre III Count Nevers II Count Flanders (age 15) succeeded III Count Nevers, II Count Flanders.

King John I of Bohemia (age 50) was killed. His son Charles IV King Bohemia Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg (age 30) succeeded IV King Bohemia.

Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine (age 26) was killed. His son John Metz I Duke Lorraine succeeded I Duke Lorraine.

Jean IV de Harcourt (age 39) was killed.

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On 26 Aug 1349 Archbishop Thomas Bradwardine (age 49) died of plague.

On 26 Aug 1382 Roger Strange 5th Baron Strange Knockin (age 56) died. His son John Strange 6th Baron Strange Knockin (age 31) succeeded 6th Baron Strange Knockin.

On 26 Aug 1421 John Welles 5th Baron Welles (age 69) died at Welles, Grimsby.

On 26 Aug 1421 Eudo Welles (age 34) died at Welles, Grimsby. His son Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles (age 15) succeeded 6th Baron Welles.

On 26 Aug 1466 Maud Clifford Countess Cambridge (age 77) died.

On 26 Aug 1601 James Douglas 5th Earl Buchan (age 21) died. His daughter Mary Douglas 6th Countess Buchan succeeded 6th Countess Buchan.

On 26 Aug 1632 Marion Boyd Countess Abercorn (age 49) died.

On 26 Aug 1663 John Yonge 1st Baronet (age 59) died. His son Walter Yonge 2nd Baronet (age 38) succeeded 2nd Baronet Yonge of Colyton in Devon.

On 26 Aug 1678 John Berkeley 1st Baron Berkeley (age 76) died. On 26 Aug 1678 His son Charles Berkeley 2nd Baron Berkeley succeeded 2nd Baron Berkeley of Stratton in Cornwall.

On 26 Aug 1728 Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia (age 58) died.

On 26 Aug 1740 Charles Knollys 4th Earl Banbury (age 78) died at Dunkirk. His son Charles Knollys 5th Earl Banbury (age 37) de jure 5th Earl Banbury, 5th Viscount Wallingford, 5th Baron Knollys.

On 26 Aug 1754 Charles Powlett 3rd Duke Bolton (age 68) died. His brother Harry Powlett 4th Duke Bolton (age 63) succeeded 4th Duke Bolton, 9th Marquess Winchester, 9th Earl Wiltshire, 9th Baron St John. Catherine Parry 6th Duchess Bolton by marriage Duchess Bolton.

On 26 Aug 1762 John Fane 7th Earl of Westmoreland (age 77) died without issue. His second cousin once removed Thomas Fane 8th Earl of Westmoreland (age 61) succeeded 8th Earl of Westmoreland. Elizabeth Swymmer Countess Westmoreland by marriage Countess of Westmoreland. Baron Bergavenny, Baron Bergavenny, Baron Burghesh in Suffolk abeyant.

On 26 Aug 1788 Elizabeth Chudleigh Duchess Kingston upon Hull (age 67) died. Her estates, and those of her former husband Evelyn Pierrepont 2nd Duke Kingston upon Hull, passed to his sister Frances' (age 75) son Charles Medows aka Pierrepont 1st Earl Manvers (age 50).

On 26 Aug 1828 Susan Gordon Duchess Manchester died.

On 26 Aug 1833 Harriet Douglas Countess Aberdeen (age 41) died.

On 26 Aug 1844 Charles Watson 1st Baronet (age 93) died. His son Charles Wager Watson 2nd Baronet (age 44) succeeded 2nd Baronet Watson of Fulmer in Buckinghamshire. Jemima Colleton Lady Watson (age 36) by marriage Lady Watson of Fulmer in Buckinghamshire.

On 26 Aug 1850 King Louis Philippe I of France (age 76) died.

On 26 Aug 1887 Francis Somerville Head 2nd Baronet (age 70) died. His son Robert Garnet Head 3rd Baronet (age 42) succeeded 3rd Baronet Head of Rochester in Kent.

On 26 Aug 1903 Frances Paget Marchioness Ormonde (age 86) died.

On 26 Aug 1906 Margaret Jean Trevelyan Lady Holland (age 70) died.

On 26 Aug 1933 Maurice Levy 1st Baronet died. His son Ewart Joseph Maurice Levy 2nd Baronet (age 36) succeeded 2nd Baronet Levy of Humberstone Hall in Leicestershire.

On 26 Aug 1965 Rachel Beatrice Lyttelton Lady Riddell (age 73) died.