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On this Day in History ... 27th October

27 Oct is in October.

939 Death of King Athelstan

1326 Execution of the Despencers and their Faction

1441 Trial and Punishment of Eleanor Cobham

1485 Coronation of Henry VII

1627 Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré

1644 Second Battle of Newbury

1666 Great Fire of London

1666 St James' Day Battle

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 27th October

On 27 Oct 625 Pope Honorius I was appointed Pope.

Chronicle of Athelward Chapter 5. 27 Oct 939 941. Two years afterwards the venerated king Athelstan (age 45) died.

Annals of Ulster 939. 27 Oct 939. Athelstan (age 45), king of the Saxons, pillar of the dignity of the western world, died an untroubled death.

On 27 Oct 939 King Æthelstan I of England (age 45) died in Gloucester [Map]. His half brother King Edmund I of England (age 18) succeeded King of England.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1066. Then Earl Tosty (age 39) and his wife (age 32), and all they who acted with him, went south over sea with him to Earl Baldwin (age 53); who received them all: and they were there all the winter.

On 27 Oct 1277 Bishop Walter de Merton (age 72) died. Monument in Rochester Cathedral [Map].

Bishop Walter de Merton: Around 1205 he was born.

On 27 Oct 1303 Beatrice Queen Consort Portugal (age 61) died.

Froissart Book 1 Chapter 12. When the queen (age 31) and her barons and all her company were lodged at their ease, then they besieged the castle [Map] as near as they might. The queen caused sir Hugh Spencer (age 65) the elder and the earl of Arundel (age 41) to be brought forth before Edward her son (age 13) and all the barons that were there present, and said how that she and her son should take right and law on them according to their deserts. Then sir Hugh Spencer said, 'Madam, God be to you a good judge and give you good judgment1, and if we cannot have it in this world, I pray God we may have it in another.' Then stept forth Sir Thomas Wake (age 29), a good knight and marshal of the host, and there openly he recounted their deeds in writing, and then turned him to another ancient knight to the intent that he should bring him on that case fauty1, and to declare what should be done with such persons, and what judgment they should have for such causes. Then the said knight counselled with other barons and knights, and so reported their opinions, the which was, how they had well deserved death for divers horrible deeds, the which they have commised, for all the trespass rehearsed before to justify to be of truth;3 wherefore they have deserved for the diversities of their trespasses to have judgment in three divers manners-first, to be drawn, and after to be headed, and then to be hanged on the gibbet. This in likewise as they were judged so it was done and executed before the castle of Bristow [Map] in the sight of the king and of sir Hugh Spencer the younger (age 40). This judgment was done in the year of our Lord MCCCXXVI., on Saint Denis' day in October [Note. Saint Denis' day is 09 Oct not 27 Oct?].

Note 1. This should be, 'God give us a good judge and good judgment '; but Verard's edition, from which the translation was made, has 'vous' for 'nous.'

Note 2. This appears to mean, ' To the intent that he should find him guilty on the charge' ('fauty' for 'faulty'); but the original means, 'To the intent that he should declare upon his fealty (féaulté) what should be done with such persons,' etc.

Note 3. Or rather as follows: 'That the accused had well deserved death for divers horrible deeds which they had heard in that place rehearsed, and held them for true and manifest.'

On 27 Oct 1326 Hugh "Elder" Despencer 1st Earl Winchester (age 65) was hanged at Bristol, Gloucestershire [Map]. Earl Winchester, Baron Despencer forfeit as a result of attainder.

Lanercost Chronicle. [27 Oct 1326]. Shortly afterwards Sir Hugh Despenser (age 65) the elder, Earl of Winchester, was captured, and drawn at Bristol in his coat of arms (so that those arms should never again be borne in England), and afterwards hanged and then beheaded.

Before 27 Oct 1441 Eleanor Cobham Duchess of Gloucester (age 41), wife of the heir presumptive Humphrey 1st Duke Gloucester (age 51), brother of the deceased King Henry V of England, uncle of King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 19), was tried for predicting the future of the King; in reality a veiled attack on her husband who had over-reached himself. She had consulted two astrologers Thomas Southwell and Roger Bolingbroke. All three were arrested, tried and found guilty. Eleanor denied most of the charges but confessd to obtaining potions from Margery Jourdemayne "The Witch of Eye" (age 26). She was sentenced to do public penance, divorce her husband and remain confined for the remainder of her life.

An English Chronicle. [27 Oct 1441]. And this same tyme was take a womman callid the wicche of Eye [Margery Jourdemayne "The Witch of Eye" (age 26)], whooȝ sorcerie and wicchecraft the said dame Alienore (age 41) hadde longe tyme vsid; and be suche medicineȝ and drynkis as the said wicche made, the said Alienore enforced the forsaid duke of Gloucestre to loue her and to wedde her. Wherfore, and also for cause of relaps, the same wicche was brend in Smythfeld, in the vigily of Saint Simon and Jude.

Chronicle of Gregory 1441. 27 Oct 1441. And on Syn Symon and Jude is eve was the wycche (age 26) be syde Westemyster brent in Smethefylde [Map], and on the day of Symon and Jude [28 Oct 1441] the person [parson] of Syn Stevynnys in Walbroke, whyche that was one of the same fore said traytours [Thomas Southwell], deyde in the Toure [Map] for sorowe.

Chronicle of England by William of Worcester. Another magical woman, commonly called Witch of Eye [Margery Jourdemayne "The Witch of Eye" (age 26)], was captured near the town of Westminster on account of the aforementioned Eleanor and was burned at Smithfield [27 Oct 1441].

Alia mulier magica, vocata vulgariter Wyche of Eye, juxta villam Westmonasterii capta est pro prædicta Elianora, et apud Smythfeld cremata.

On 27 Oct 1485 Thomas Lovell was appointed Esquire to the Body to King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 28).

Henry Machyn's Diary. 27 Oct 1557. The xxvij day of October my lade was browth to the chyrche, with the byshope of London (age 57) and Powlles qwyre and the master and clarkes of London, and then cam the corse with v baners of armes borne; then cam iiij harolds in ther cotes of armes, and bare iiij banars of emages at the iiij corners; and then cam the chyff mornars, my lade of Wossetur, and my lade Lumley (age 20), and my lord North (age 27), and ser Antony Selenger. [Then came a hundred mourners of men, and after as many ladies and gentlemen, all in black; and a great many poor women in black and rails, and] xxiiij pore men in blake beyryng of torchys, and mony of her servandes in blake cotes beyryng of torchys.

Note. P. 155. Funeral of the countess of Arundel. A full account of this funeral is preserved in the College of Arms, I. 15, ff. 266 et seq. The lady was previously countess of Sussex, and a letter written under that signature in 1537 has been published in Miss Wood's Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, vol. ii. p. 306. "This Mary, doter of sir John Arundell of the West [and widow of Robert earl of Sussex, who died in 1542,] departed this lyff on Wensday the 20. of October 1557, in the 4. and 5. yeres of king Phelyp and quene Mary in the said erl of Arundelles place in St. Clementes parishe called the Danes withowt temple barre in London, and was beryed the xxviij. of October next folowinge." (MS. Harl. 897, f. 79.) The same authority supplies the following record of the earl of Arundel's former wife: "The lady Kateren Maltravers, doter of the lord marquis Dorset, departed owt of this world the fyrst day of May in the xxiiijth. yere of H. 8, (1532,) and lyeth beryed at St. Bartylmewes the lyttell within sir Gyles Capell('s) chapell." (p. 13b.)

Henry Machyn's Diary. 27 Oct 1559. The xxvij day of October was cristened at sant Benettes at Powlles warff [Map] ser Thomas Chamburlayn's (age 55) son, and the chyrche hangyd with cloth of arres, the godfathers names the prynche of Swaynthen (age 21) one and my lord Robart Dudley (age 27), and the godmoder was my lade of Northamtun (age 33); after the cristenyng waffers, spysbred, comfettes, and dyver odur bankettes, dysses [dishes], and epocras and muskadyll [in great] plente; the lade was the wyff of master Machyll, altherman and clothworker.

On 12 Jul 1627 George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 34) led an English force of 100 ships and 6,000 soldiers to capture the city of Saint-Martin-de-Ré on the Île de Ré.

In Aug 1627 more troops, including the newly promoted Lieutenant John Felton (age 32), arrived.

On 03 Sep 1627 two thousand Irish troops arrived under Ralph Bingley (age 57)

On 27 Oct 1627 a final assault was attempted; it failed because the attackers' siege ladders were shorter than the walls of the fortress.

In Nov 1627 George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham retreated and returned to England having lost thousands of his men.

On 27 Oct 1644 Maurice Palatinate Simmern (age 23) fought for the defeated Royalist army at the Second Battle of Newbury at Speen, Newbury [Map]. Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Cleveland (age 53) was captured. Edward St John (age 27) was killed.

James Harington 3rd Baronet (age 36), who had his horse shot from under him, commanded five regiments.

Mountjoy Blount 1st Earl Newport (age 47) fought for the Royalist Army.

Anthony Mansel of Ischoed was killed fighting for the Royalists.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 19 Oct 1662. Thence Tom waiting for me homewards towards my house, talking and scolding him for his folly, and telling him my mind plainly what he has to trust to if he goes this way to work, for he shall never have her upon the terms they demand of £50. He left me, and I to my uncle Wight, and there supped, and there was pretty Mistress Margt. Wight, whom I esteem very pretty, and love dearly to look upon her. We were very pleasant, I droning with my aunt and them, but I am sorry to hear that the news of the selling of Dunkirk1 is taken so generally ill, as I find it is among the merchants; and other things, as removal of officers at Court, good for worse; and all things else made much worse in their report among people than they are. And this night, I know not upon what ground, the gates of the City ordered to be kept shut, and double guards every where.

Note 1. A treaty was signed on the 27th October by which Dunkirk was sold to France for five million livres, two of which were to be paid immediately, and the remaining three by eight bills at dates varying from three months to two years; during which time the King (age 32) of England was to contribute the aid of a naval force, if necessary, for defence against Spain. Subsequently the remaining three millions were reduced to 2,500,000 to be paid at Paris, and 254,000 in London. It is not known that Clarendon (age 53) suggested the sale of Dunkirk, but it is certain that he adopted the measure with zeal. There is also no doubt that he got as much as France could be induced to give.-Lister's Life of Clarendon, ii. 173-4.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1662. For Dunkirk; he wonders any wise people should be so troubled thereat, and scorns all their talk against it, for that he says it was not Dunkirk, but the other places, that did and would annoy us, though we had that, as much as if we had it not. He also took notice of the new Ministers of State, Sir H. Bennet (age 44) and Sir Charles Barkeley (age 32), their bringing in, and the high game that my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 21) plays at Court (which I took occasion to mention as that that the people do take great notice of), all which he confessed.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1662. Afterwards he told me of poor Mr. Spong, that being with other people examined before the King (age 32) and Council (they being laid up as suspected persons; and it seems Spong is so far thought guilty as that they intend to pitch upon him to put to the wracke or some other torture), he do take knowledge of my Lord Sandwich (age 37), and said that he was well known to Mr. Pepys. But my Lord knows, and I told him, that it was only in matter of musique and pipes, but that I thought him to be a very innocent fellow; and indeed I am very sorry for him. After my Lord and I had done in private, we went out, and with Captain Cuttance and Bunn did look over their draught of a bridge for Tangier [Map], which will be brought by my desire to our office by them to-morrow.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1662. After dinner he and I into another room over a pot of ale and talked. He showed me our commission, wherein the Duke of York (age 29), Prince Rupert (age 42), Duke of Albemarle (age 53), Lord Peterborough (age 40), Lord Sandwich (age 37), Sir G. Carteret (age 52), Sir William Compton (age 37), Mr. Coventry (age 34), Sir R. Ford (age 48), Sir William Rider, Mr. Cholmley, Mr. Povy (age 48), myself, and Captain Cuttance, in this order are joyned for the carrying on the service of Tangier [Map], which I take for a great honour to me.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1662. Thence to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who now-a-days calls me into his chamber, and alone did discourse with me about the jealousy that the Court have of people's rising; wherein he do much dislike my Lord Monk's (age 53) being so eager against a company of poor wretches, dragging them up and down the street; but would have him rather to take some of the greatest ringleaders of them, and punish them; whereas this do but tell the world the King's fears and doubts.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1662. He told me what great faction there is at Court; and above all, what is whispered, that young Crofts (age 13) is lawful son to the King (age 32), the King being married to his mother1. How true this is, God knows; but I believe the Duke of York (age 29) will not be fooled in this of three crowns.

Note 1. There has been much confusion as to the name and parentage of Charles's mistress. Lucy Walter was the daughter of William Walter of Roch Castle, co. Pembroke, and Mr. S. Steinman, in his "Althorp Memoirs" (privately printed, 1869), sets out her pedigree, which is a good one. Roch Castle was taken and burnt by the Parliamentary forces in 1644, and Lucy was in London in 1648, where she made the acquaintance of Colonel Algernon Sidney (age 25). She then fell into the possession of his brother, Colonel Robert Sidney2. In September of this same year she was taken up by Charles, Prince of Wales. Charles terminated his connection with her on October 30th, 1651, and she died in 1658, as appears by a document (administration entry in the Register of the Prerogative Court) met with by the late Colonel Chester. William Erskine, who had served Charles as cupbearer in his wanderings, and was appointed Master of the Charterhouse in December, 1677, had the care of Lucy Walter, and buried her in Paris. He declared that the King never had any intention of marrying her, and she did not deserve it. Thomas Ross, the tutor of her son, put the idea of this claim into his head, and asked Dr. Cosin to certify to a marriage. In consequence of this he was removed from his office, and Lord Crofts (age 37) took his place (Steinman's "Althorp Memoirs"). Lucy Walter took the name of Barlow during her wanderings.

Note 2. TT. Not clear who Colonel Robert Sidney is since Algernon Sidney didn't have a brother called Robert. Algernon's brothers were Philip Sidney 3rd Earl of Leicester (age 43) and Henry Sidney 1st Earl Romney (age 21).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1665. So to the 'Change [Map], and thence I by water to the Duke of Albemarle's (age 56), and there much company, but I staid and dined, and he makes mighty much of me; and here he tells us the Dutch are gone, and have lost above 160 cables and anchors, through the last foule weather. Here he proposed to me from Mr. Coventry (age 37), as I had desired of Mr. Coventry, that I should be Surveyor-Generall of the Victualling business, which I accepted. But, indeed, the terms in which Mr. Coventry proposes it for me are the most obliging that ever I could expect from any man, and more; it saying me to be the fittest man in England, and that he is sure, if I will undertake, I will perform it; and that it will be also a very desirable thing that I might have this encouragement, my encouragement in the Navy alone being in no wise proportionable to my pains or deserts.

Before 27 Oct 1666 John Kelyng (age 59) prosecuted Frenchman John Hubert who confessed to setting the fire in the King's Bakehouse in Pudding Lane. Hubert was duly found guilty by the jury and executed on 27 Oct 1666 by order of Kelynge, even though Kelynge told the King that he did not believe a word of the confession.

Calendar of State Papers Charles II 27 Oct 1666. 27 Oct 1666. Whitehall. 62. H. Muddiman to Sir Edward Stradling, St. Donat's Castle, Glamorganshire. The sickness is abating, 8 only have died of it at Plymouth, 8 at Sarum, decrease 17, one or two at Ips- wich, and 8 at Norwich. The English are said to have been forced from the Canaries, leaving their estates in the hands of Spaniards. The Commissioners for payment of seamen daily pay off great numbers who are discharged from winter service, and bring their tickets with them, and the rest are ordered by beat of drum to repair aboard. The planting of hemp is much enconraged. The Commons have answered the Lords' reasons about importing French commodities, and are settling supplies. Sir Jeremy Smith has got as much credit by his late examination as his enemies wished him disgrace, the King (age 36) and Duke of York (age 33) being fully satisfied of his valour in the engagement. It appears that he had 147 men killed and wounded, while the most eminent of his accusers had but two or three. Peter Ceely of Cornwall, secured on suspicion of fanaticism, refused the liberty offered him if he would give security to the deputy lieutenants. The King has ordered a proclamation in Scotland for a convocation, which differs from a parliament in that it can levy money, but makes no laws. News from Germany, Brandenburg, Holland, and Munster. Sir Rich. Browne has brought into the House of Commons knives broad and sharp, able to pierce armour, of which 300 were found in the rubbish of a house where two Frenchmen lived; they can be guessed of no use but to massacre. A proclamation and other measures are proposed, for repressing the insolencies of the Papists. [8 pages.]

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1666. Thence to talk about publique business; he tells me how the two Houses begin to be troublesome; the Lords to have quarrels one with another. My Lord Duke of Buckingham (age 38) having said to the Chancellor (age 57) (who is against the passing of the Bill for prohibiting the bringing over of Irish cattle), that whoever was against the Bill, was there led to it by an Irish interest, or an Irish understanding, which is as much as to say he is a Poole; this bred heat from my Chancellor, and something he [Buckingham] said did offend my Lord of Ossory (age 32) my (Lord Duke of Ormond's (age 56) son), and they two had hard words, upon which the latter sends a challenge to the former; of which the former complains to the House, and so the business is to be heard on Monday next. Then as to the Commons; some ugly knives, like poignards, to stab people with, about two or three hundred of them were brought in yesterday to the House, found in one of the house's rubbish that was burned, and said to be the house of a Catholique. This and several letters out of the country, saying how high the Catholiques are everywhere and bold in the owning their religion, have made the Commons mad, and they presently voted that the King (age 36) be desired to put all Catholiques out of employment, and other high things; while the business of money hangs in the hedge. So that upon the whole, God knows we are in a sad condition like to be, there being the very beginnings of the late troubles.

John Evelyn's Diary. 27 Oct 1675. Lord Berkeley (age 47) coming into Council, fell down in the gallery at Whitehall [Map], in a fit of apoplexy, and being carried into my Lord Chamberlain's (age 57) lodgings, several famous doctors were employed all that night, and with much ado he was at last recovered to some sense, by applying hot fire pans and spirit of amber to his head; but nothing was found so effectual as cupping him on the shoulders. It was almost a miraculous restoration. The next day he was carried to Berkeley House [Map]. This stopped his journey for the present, and caused my stay in town. He had put all his affairs and his whole estate in England into my hands during his intended absence, which though I was very unfit to undertake, in regard of many businesses which then took me up, yet, upon the great importunity of my lady (age 23) and Mr. Godolphin (age 30) (to whom I could refuse nothing) I did take it on me. It seems when he was Deputy in Ireland, not long before, he had been much wronged by one he left in trust with his affairs, and therefore wished for some unmercenary friend who would take that trouble on him; this was to receive his rents, look after his houses and tenants, solicit supplies from the Lord Treasurer (age 43), and correspond weekly with him, more than enough to employ any drudge in England; but what will not friendship and love make one do?.

John Evelyn's Diary. 27 Oct 1684. I visited the Lord Chamberlaine (age 66), where din'd the Hack Baron and Mons' Flamerin, who had so long ben banish'd France for a duel.

John Evelyn's Diary. 27 Oct 1685. I was invited to dine at Sir Ste. Fox's (age 58) with my Lord Lieutenant, where was such a dinner for variety of all things as I had seldome seene, and it was so for the trial of a master cooke whom Sir Stephen had recommended to go with his Lordship Into Ireland; there were all ye dainties not onely of the season, but of what art could add, venison, plaine solid meate, fowle, bak'd and boil'd meates, banquet [desert], &c. in exceeding plenty and exquisitely dress'd. There also din'd my Lord Ossory (age 20) and Lady (the Duke of Beaufort's daughter) (age 21), my Lady Treasurer, Lord Cornbery (age 23), &c.

On 27 Oct 1743 Michael Dahl (deceased) was buried in St James' Church, Piccadilly.

On 27 Oct 1777 Bishop Bowyer Sparke (age 18) was admitted as a Pensioner to Pembroke College, Cambridge University. He matriculated in 1778, graduated BA in 1782 as Seventh Wrangler, second Member's Prize in 1784 and 1784, MA in 1785 and DD in 1803. In 1784 he became a Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge University.

On 27 Oct 1858 Prince Valdemar Glücksburg was born to King Christian IX of Denmark (age 40) and Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 41). He a great x 3 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.84%.

On 27 Oct 1889 Constantine I King Greece (age 21) and Sophia Hohenzollern Queen Consort Greece (age 19) were married. She the daughter of Frederick III King Prussia and Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia (age 48). He the son of George I King Greece (age 43) and Olga Constantinovna Holstein Gottorp Romanov Queen Consort Greece (age 38). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

The London Gazette 27208. The Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment). Captain Charles FitzClarence (age 34). On the 14th October, 1899, Captain FitzClarence went with his squadron of the Protectorate Regiment, consisting of only partially trained men, who had never been in action, to the assistance of an armoured train which had gone out from Mafeking. The enemy were in greatly superior numbers, and the squadron was for a time surrounded, and it looked as if nothing could save them from being shot down. Captain FitzClarence, however, by his personal coolness and courage inspired the greatest confidence in his men, and, by his bold and efficient handling of them, not only succeeded in relieving the armoured train, but inflicted a heavy defeat on the Boers, who lost 50 killed and a large number wounded, his own losses being 2 killed and 15 wounded. The moral effect of this blow had a very important bearing on subsequent encounters with the Boers.

On the 27th October, 1899, Captain FitzClarence led his squadron from Mafeking across the open, and made a night attack with the bayonet on one of the enemy's trenches. A hand-to-hand fight took place in the trench, while a heavy fire was concentrated on it from the rear. The enemy was driven out with heavy loss. Captain FitzClarence was the first man into the position and accounted-for four of the enemy with his sword. The British lost & killed and 9 wounded. Captain. FitzClarence was himself: slightly wounded. With reference to these two actions, Major General Baden-Powell states that had this Officer not shown an extraordinary spirit and fearlessness the attacks would have been failures, and we should have suffered heavy loss both in men and prestige.

On the 26th December, 1899, during the action at Game Tree, near Mafeking, Captain FitzClarence again distinguished himself by his coolness and courage, and was again wounded (severely through both legs).

On 27 Oct 1914 Prince Maurice of Battenburg aka Mountbatten (age 23) was killed in action. at Zonnebeke in the Ypres Salient. The 1st Battalion war diary states "During the advance eastwards from the ridge the battalion came under terrific shell fire as well as rifle fire... Poor [Prince] Maurice was killed outright just on top of the ridge. He is buried in Ypres Town Cemetery. The battalion war diary notes that his funeral took place on 31 October 1914 and records that, "Denison, Gough, the Sgt Major, Sgt O'Leary and a few others went down to poor Maurice's funeral in Ypres".

Prince Maurice of Battenburg aka Mountbatten: On 03 Oct 1891 he was born to Henry Mountbatten and Princess Beatrice. He a grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Births on the 27th October

On 27 Oct 1156 Raymond Rouerge Marquess Provence was born to Raymond Rouerge V Count Toulose (age 22) and Constance Capet Countess Boulogne and Toulose (age 28) at Saint Gilles.

On 27 Oct 1561 Mary Sidney Countess Pembroke was born to Henry Sidney (age 32) and Mary Dudley (age 31).

Before 27 Oct 1610 Frances Wray was born to William Wray 1st Baronet (age 55) and Frances Drury Lady Glentworth (age 34).

On 13 Oct 1622 Ralph Delaval 1st Baronet was born to Robert Delaval of Seaton Delaval (age 22) and Barbara Selby. He was baptised on 27 Oct 1622. He was educated at Queen's College, Oxford University; matriculated 15 Jun 1638. He was admitted to Lincoln's Inn on 28 Nov 1639.

On 27 Oct 1749 William Byron was born to William Byron 5th Baron Byron (age 26) and Elizabeth Shaw.

On 27 Oct 1753 Robert John Buxton 1st Baronet was born to John Buxton.

On 27 Oct 1758 John Hatton 9th Baronet was born to Thomas Hatton 8th Baronet (age 30).

On 27 Oct 1774 Alexander Baring 1st Baron Ashburton was born to Francis Baring 1st Baronet (age 34) and Harriet Herring Lady Baring (age 24).

On 27 Oct 1788 William Waldegrave 8th Earl Waldegrave was born to George Waldegrave 4th Earl Waldegrave (age 36) and Elizabeth Laura Waldegrave Countess Waldegrave (age 28). He a great x 3 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.28%.

On 27 Oct 1788 Henry Holland 1st Baronet was born.

On 27 Oct 1788 Robert Jocelyn 3rd Earl Roden was born to Robert Jocelyn 2nd Earl Roden (age 32).

On 27 Oct 1794 Clement Wolseley 5th Baronet was born to Major John Wolseley (age 32).

On 27 Oct 1835 John Thomas Blight was born.

On 27 Oct 1836 Baldwin Leighton 8th Baronet was born to Baldwin Leighton 7th Baronet (age 31) and Mary Parker Lady Leighton.

On 27 Oct 1844 Elizabeth Eberstadt Lady Lewis was born.

On 27 Oct 1858 Prince Valdemar Glücksburg was born to King Christian IX of Denmark (age 40) and Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 41). He a great x 3 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.84%.

On 27 Oct 1866 Cyril Hunt was born to William Holman Hunt (age 39) and Fanny Waugh (age 33). It is likely that this birth is the one that caused the death of his mother since she and William Holman-Hunt has only been married one year.

On 27 Oct 1866 Herbet Merton Jessel 1st Baron Jessel was born to George Jessel (age 42).

On 27 Oct 1871 Robert Newman 1st Baron Mamhead was born to Lydston Newman 3rd Baronet (age 47).

On 27 Oct 1896 Roger Grey 10th Earl Stamford 6th Earl Warrington was born to William Grey 9th Earl Stamford 5th Earl Warrington (age 46) and Penelope Theobald Countess Stamford and Warrington in London.

On 27 Oct 1920 Anthony Meyer 3rd Baronet was born to Frank Meyer 2nd Baronet (age 34).

On 27 Oct 1939 Thady Wyndham-Quin 7th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl was born to Richard Wyndham-Quin 6th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl (age 52) and Nancy Yuille Countess of Dunraven and Mount-Earl (age 37).

Marriages on the 27th October

Before 27 Oct 1387 William Dacre 5th Baron Dacre Gilsland, Baron Multon of Gilsand (age 30) and Joan Douglas Baroness Dacre Gilsland were married. She the illegitmate daughter of James Douglas 2nd Earl Douglas (age 29) and Mistress Unknown. He the son of Hugh Dacre 4th Baron Dacre of Gilsland, Baron Multon of Gilsand and Elizabeth Maxwell Countess Atholl.

Before 27 Oct 1444 John Radclyffe Baron Fitzwalter (age 18) and Elizabeth Fitzwalter Baroness Dinham 8th Baroness Fitzwalter (age 14) were married. He by marriage Baron Fitzwalter. They were third cousins.

On 27 Oct 1587 Robert Ker 1st Earl Roxburghe (age 17) and Margaret Maitland were married.

After 27 Oct 1601 Alexander Seton 1st Earl Dunfermline (age 46) and Grizel Leslie Countess Dunfermline were married.

On 27 Oct 1631 John Hotham 1st Baronet (age 42) and Katherine Bamburgh were married.

Before 27 Oct 1749 William Byron 5th Baron Byron (age 26) and Elizabeth Shaw were married.

Before 27 Oct 1757 John Drummond 5th Duke Perth (age 77) and Mary Stewart (age 55) were married. The difference in their ages was 22 years. She the daughter of Charles Stewart 4th Earl Traquair and Mary Maxwell Countess Traquair (age 86). He the son of James Drummond 1st Duke Perth. They were third cousins.

On 27 Oct 1763 Henry St John-Mildmay 2nd Baronet (age 26) and Dorothy Maria Tucker Lady St John Mildmay were married.

On 27 Oct 1825 Francis Shuckburgh 8th Baronet (age 36) and Anna-Maria Draycott Denys were married.

On 27 Oct 1859 Henry George Paston-Bedingfeld 7th Baronet (age 29) and Augusta Lucy Clavering Lady Paston-Bedingfield were married. He a great x 5 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 27 Oct 1865 Murray Finch-Hatton 7th Earl Nottingham 12th Earl Winchilsea (age 14) and Edith Harcourt Countess Winchelsea and Nottingham (age 9) were married. He the son of George Finch-Hatton 5th Earl Nottingham 10th Earl Winchilsea and Fanny Margaretta Rice Countess Nottingham Winchilsea.

On 27 Oct 1878 Henry Bruce Meux 3rd Baronet (age 22) and Valerie Langdon Lady Meux (age 26) were married, possibly in secret. She by marriage Lady Meux of Theobald's Park in Hertfordshire. She was shunned by her husband’s aristocratic family, in particular the Brudenell-Bruce clan on her mother-in-law’s side. They had met at the Casino De Venise in Holborn where she was working as a banjo-playing waitress, or barmaid, or similar.

On 27 Oct 1883 William Palmer 2nd Earl Selborne (age 24) and Beatrix Maud Gascoyne-Cecil Countess Selborne (age 25) were married. She the daughter of Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess Salisbury (age 53). He the son of Roundell Palmer 1st Earl Selborne (age 70) and Laura Waldegrave Countess Selborne (age 62). He a great x 5 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 27 Oct 1889 Constantine I King Greece (age 21) and Sophia Hohenzollern Queen Consort Greece (age 19) were married. She the daughter of Frederick III King Prussia and Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia (age 48). He the son of George I King Greece (age 43) and Olga Constantinovna Holstein Gottorp Romanov Queen Consort Greece (age 38). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 27 Oct 1892 Henry Waldegrave 11th Earl Waldegrave (age 38) and Anne Katherine Bastard Countess Waldegrave (age 25) were married. They were second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 27 Oct 1945 John Wodehouse 4th Earl Kimberley (age 21) and Diana Evelyn Legh Countess Kimberley (age 21) were married. She by marriage Countess Kimberley. They were divorced in 1949. He the son of John Wodehouse 3rd Earl Kimberley and Frances Margaret Irby Countess Kimberley (age 60).

Deaths on the 27th October

On 27 Oct 939 King Æthelstan I of England (age 45) died in Gloucester [Map]. His half brother King Edmund I of England (age 18) succeeded King of England.

On 27 Oct 1303 Beatrice Queen Consort Portugal (age 61) died.

On 27 Oct 1312 John "Peaceful" Reginar II Duke Brabant (age 37) died. His son John Brabant III Duke Brabant (age 12) succeeded III Duke Brabant.

On 27 Oct 1326 Hugh "Elder" Despencer 1st Earl Winchester (age 65) was hanged at Bristol, Gloucestershire [Map]. Earl Winchester, Baron Despencer forfeit as a result of attainder.

On 27 Oct 1439 Albert Habsburg V Duke Austria (age 42) died.

Before 27 Oct 1492 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 50) died. He was buried at Wingfield, Suffolk. Before 27 Oct 1492 His son Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk (age 21) succeeded 3rd Duke Suffolk, 3rd Marquess Suffolk 1C, 6th Earl Suffolk, 6th Baron Pole.

On 27 Oct 1510 Jean Stewart Countess Huntley (age 49) died.

On 27 Oct 1513 George Manners 11th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 43) died. He was buried in the St Leger Chantry, St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map]. On 27 Oct 1513 His son Thomas Manners 1st Earl of Rutland (age 21) succeeded 12th Baron Ros Helmsley.

On 27 Oct 1644 Maurice Palatinate Simmern (age 23) fought for the defeated Royalist army at the Second Battle of Newbury at Speen, Newbury [Map]. Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Cleveland (age 53) was captured. Edward St John (age 27) was killed.

James Harington 3rd Baronet (age 36), who had his horse shot from under him, commanded five regiments.

Mountjoy Blount 1st Earl Newport (age 47) fought for the Royalist Army.

Anthony Mansel of Ischoed was killed fighting for the Royalists.

On 27 Oct 1671 Sackville Crowe 1st Baronet (age 75) died. His son Sackville Crowe 2nd Baronet (age 34) succeeded 2nd Baronet Crowe of Llanherne in the Carmarthenshire.

On 27 Oct 1677 Alexander Seton 3rd Earl Dunfermline (age 35) died. His brother James Seton 4th Earl Dunfermline (age 34) succeeded 4th Earl Dunfermline.

On 27 Oct 1703 Jane Digby Baroness Gerard (age 66) died.

On 27 Oct 1719 Anne Lumley Lady Anderson (age 35) died.

On 27 Oct 1727 Lambert Blackwell 1st Baronet died. His son Charles Blackwell 2nd Baronet (age 27) succeeded 2nd Baronet Blackwell of Sprowston Hall in Norfolk. Anne Clayton Lady Blackwell by marriage Lady Blackwell of Sprowston Hall in Norfolk.

On 27 Oct 1757 John Drummond 5th Duke Perth (age 77) died. His brother Edward Drummond 6th Duke Perth succeeded 6th Duke Perth.

On 27 Oct 1767 Hugh Briggs 5th Baronet (age 83) died. Baronet Briggs of Haughton in Shropshire extinct.

On 27 Oct 1768 Mary Clare Tasbrough Lady Gerard (age 43) died.

On 27 Oct 1816 William Blackett 5th Baronet (age 57) died. His son Edward Blackett 6th Baronet (age 11) succeeded 6th Baronet Blackett of Newcastle in Northumberland.

On 27 Oct 1822 Stephen Moore 2nd Earl Mount Cashell (age 52) died.

On 27 Oct 1868 Archibishop Charles Longley (age 74) died.

On 27 Oct 1873 Henry Holland 1st Baronet (age 85) died. His son Henry Holland 1st Viscount Knutsford (age 48) succeeded 2nd Baronet Holland of Sandlebridge.

On 27 Oct 1886 Robert Collier 1st Baron Monkswell (age 69) died. His son Robert Collier 2nd Baron Monkswell (age 41) succeeded 2nd Baron Monkswell of Monkswell in Devon. Mary Josephine Hardcastle Baroness Monkswell (age 36) by marriage Baroness Monkswell of Monkswell in Devon.

On 27 Oct 1929 Emily Georgina Kerr Countess Strafford (age 82) died.

On 27 Oct 1951 Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Grayson 1st Baronet (age 86) died.

On 27 Oct 1971 William Lorenzo Parker 3rd Baronet (age 82) died.