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On this Day in History ... 28th March
28 Mar is in March.
1306 Coronation of Robert the Bruce
1424 Release of James I of Scotland
Events on the 28th March
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 795. This year was the moon eclipsed, between cock-crowing and dawn31, on the fifth day before the calends of April; and Erdulf succeeded to the Northumbrian kingdom on the second before the ides of May. He was afterwards consecrated and raised to his throne, at York, on the seventh day before the calends of June, by Archbishop Eanbald, and Bishops Ethelbert, Hibbald, and Baldulf.
Note 31. This is the Grecian method of computation; between the hours of three and six in the morning. It must be recollected, that before the distribution of time into hours, minutes, and seconds, the day and night were divided into eight equal portions, containing three hours each; and this method was continued long afterwards by historians.
On 28 Mar 1193 King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 35) was handed over to Henry Hohenstaufen VI Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) who imprisoned him in Trifels Castle [Map].
On 28 Mar 1241 King Valdemar II of Denmark (age 70) died.
On 27 Mar 1306, Palm Sunday, King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland (age 31) was crowned King Scotland at Scone Abbey [Map] by Bishop of St Andrews and Bishop Robert Wishart. Elizabeth Burgh Queen Consort Scotland (age 22) was crowned Queen Consort Scotland. Christopher Seton (deceased) and Bishop David de Moravia were present. He was wearing royal robes and vestments previously hidden from the English by Bishop Robert Wishart.
The following day, 28 Mar 1306, King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland was crowned by Isabella Countess Buchan whose family held the hereditary right to place the crown on the King's head; she had arrived too late for the coronation the day before. The right was held by her brother Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife (age 18) who was under-age and held by the English so she assumed the right in his place.
On 28 Mar 1424 King James I of Scotland (age 29) signed his release agreement, in which he promised to pay a ransom of 60,000 marks, at Durham, County Durham [Map]. He and his wife Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland (age 20), married for seven weeks, travelled to Melrose Abbey [Map] arriving on 05 Apr 1424
On 27 Mar 1461 Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 32) fought at Ferrybridge with John Radclyffe Baron Fitzwalter (age 35) capturing the bridge.
On 28 Mar 1461 a further skirmish occurred near Ferrybridge. Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury fought. John Radclyffe Baron Fitzwalter was killed. For Lancaster John "Butcher" Clifford 9th Baron Clifford (age 25) and John Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby (age 51).
On 28 Mar 1461 John "Butcher" Clifford 9th Baron Clifford was killed at Dintingdale during a skirmish. William Neville 1st Earl Kent (age 56) fought for York. His son Henry "Shepherd Lord" Clifford 10th Baron Clifford (age 7) succeeded 10th Baron de Clifford, 10th Lord Skipton.
Chronicle of Gregory 1461. And the xxviij day of Marche, that was Palme Sunday evyn, the Lord Fewater (age 35) was slayne at Ferybryge, and many with him was slayne and drownyd. And the Erle of Warwycke (age 32) was hurte yn his legge with an arowe at the same jornaye.
Hall's Chronicle 1461. 28 Mar 1461. The lusty king Edward, perceiving the courage of his trusty friend the earl of Warwick, made proclamation that all men, which were already to fight, should incontinent [ie quickly] depart, and to all me that tarried the battle, he promised great rewards with this addition, that if any soldier, which voluntarily would abide, and in, or before the conflict fly, or turn his back, that then he that could kill him should have a great remuneration and double wages. After this proclamation ended the lord Fauconberg, sir Water Blount, Robert Home with the forward, passed the river at Castleford three miles from Ferrybridge, intending to have environed and enclosed the lord Clifford and his company, but they being thereof advertised, departed in great haste toward king Henry's army, but they meet with some that they looked not for, and were trapped or they were ware [?]. For the lord Clifford, either bridge for heat or pain, putting of his gorget, suddenly with an arrow (as some say) without an head, was struck into the throat, and incontinent rendered his spirit, and the earl of Westmorland's brother and all his company almost were there slain, at a place called Dintingdale, not far from Towton. This end had he, which slew the young earl of Rutland, kneeling on his knees: whose young son Thomas Clifford was brought up with a shepherd, in poor habit, and dissimuled behaviour ever in fear, to publish his lineage or degree, till king Henry the vii obtained the crown, and got the diadem: by whom he was restored to his name and possessions.
Letters 1536. 28 Mar 1536. R. O. 573. T. Warley to Lady Lisle (age 42).
Received her letter today from Buck, Lord Edmund's servant, bidding him send the kirtle and sleeves given by the Queen (age 35), by Goodale. Had already given it to Hussey, with three yards of black satin for Lord Lisle's (age 71) doublet. As to her desiring him to take 20s. from Hussey to reward those in the Queen's wardrobe, Hussey says Mr. Taylour wishes no reward to be given. Has delivered the casket of steel and "flower" to Mrs. Margery Horsman. She was right glad of it, and said it would serve to keep her jewels in. Encloses a gold cramp ring, which she gave him for Lady Lisle. Has not seen Mr. Receiver since her letter. Since coming to London has received a letter of Lady Lisle from Hussey, dated 17 March; another, dated 25 March, by Bucke; and one from Lord Lisle, dated 18 March. No news but that the abbeys shall down. The King's solicitor, Mr. Riche, is made general surveyor, and Mr. Pope, the Lord Chancellor's servant, the general receiver. Great fees are allowed them. There will be eight other receivers, who will have during their lives, £20 a year, £10 for the carriage of every £1,000, their costs and charges borne. Edward Waters, Mr. Gunston's brother-in-law, is one, and Freman, the King's goldsmith, another. Does not know the rest, nor who will be auditors. It is said the King will ride North to meet the king of Scots. Received from Bucke a packet of letters from Lord Lisle. Delivered them to Mr. Secretary, who incontinently read them. It is an evil time for suitors, as the King and his Council have so many matters in hand daily. Begs her to ask Lord Lisle to write in his behalf to the Lord Chancellor, that he may have expedition in his suit. London, 28 March. Hol., p. 1. Add.: At Calais.
Letters 1536. 28 Mar 1536. In this three things are to be considered:—(1.) That in that case nothing more can be done for her advantage during her father's life, and she can take no action with good conscience against her father even for redress of the injuries done to her late mother, even if her life was "advancée sinestrement," as is suspected; and if the sentence of the divorce were pursued, to make the King give up his concubine (age 35), he might marry another, whereas it is certain he could have no issue from the concubine to hinder the succession of the Princess. And as one of the principal points which the King will think of with regard to our said cousin, and also the concubine and her adherents, will be to whom they will marry her, and it is important also to treat of it as a principal point in order to with draw our said cousin even for her surety, as well as for the security of further negociations, you will endeavour discreetly to discover to what match the king of England leans; and, as of yourself, and in such wise that no one can presume it is part of your charge, you may suggest Don Loys of Portugal, our brother-in-law, who was lately with us in the Tunis expedition, and do your best to recommend it either to the King or Cromwell. He is, in truth, the person who, among all others, seems best suited both for the Princess herself and for the King and his realm, and the concubine and her adherents ought to be less suspicious of him as the Portuguese are good neighbours and not quarrelsome, as you may suggest; but it must be with a suitable dowry. (2.) By this means the Princess might be drawn out of the kingdom, rescued from continual danger of her life, and allied with a person of suitable quality; and, when the time came, might be assisted by her allies in obtaining her right; and if issue came of the marriage, especially male issue, it would be a great occasion to her father to recall her and her children into the kingdom, if he is satisfied with the treaty we shall make together, and the good offices we shall continue to do him. And (3), although it be a good thing to bring back the King to his allegiance to the Church, even though the Church forbear some of her rights and profits, and also to withdraw our cousin out of the realm, yet we cannot do prejudice in the future either to the one or to the other, and means may be found hereafter of putting the said Church in full possession of her rights, especially if our said cousin succeed to the Crown; and she also, before leaving England, cannot make any treaty which can prejudice her, since everyone knows in what fear and danger she is kept. Moreover, although the concubine might not agree to either the one or the other of the above means (the declaration or suspension),—which she and all her adherents ought to think a great advantage, to be relieved from the fear and danger they are continually in,—and though she put forth further claims in behalf of her daughter and other children that she might have, yet you should not break off negotiations on this account, but ascertain in this also to what she will agree, and, after making such representations to her as you think fit, say you will refer to us. If you find her demands too exorbitant you may use Cromwell's help, if he can and will do what he has promised, and use all possible dexterity to make the most advantageous terms for her that you can; and if there be anything that requires to be kept secret from the said concubine or her adherents "il s'en usera selon ce."
On 28 Mar 1551 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 23) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
In Mar 1586 a virulent outbreak of gaol fever occurred during the Assizes in Exeter, Devon [Map]. The cause according to modern medical opinion was typhus transmitted by the human body-louse. Among the dead victims were eight judges, eleven of the twelve jurors, several constables, and the surrounding population which was ravaged by the disease for several months.
Edward Flowerdew died of gaol fever.
On 28 Mar 1586 Thomas Carew of Haccombe (age 70) died of gaol fever.
On 31 Mar 1586 John Chichester died of gaol fever.
On 01 Apr 1586 Robert Carey (age 71) died of gaol fever.
On 02 Apr 1586 Arthur Bassett (age 45) died of gaol fever.
On 10 Apr 1586 Bernard Drake (age 58) died of gaol fever.
Diary of Anne Clifford 1617. 28 Mar 1617. The 28th I walk’d abroad with my Lord (age 28) in the Park and the garden, where he spake to me much of this business with my uncle. I wrought much within doors and strived to sit as merry a face as I could upon a discontented heart, for I might easily perceive that Matthew and Lindsay had got a great hand of my Lord and were both against me. Yet by this means they put Lord William clean out of all grace and trust with my Lord, which I hope may be the better hereafter for me and my Child, knowing that Gop often brings things to pass by contrary means.
Diary of Anne Clifford 1619. 28 Mar 1619. The 28th Easter Day Mr Rand preached in the Chapel but there was no Communion in the house but at the Church. In the afternoon I began to repent that I had caused the Communion to be put off till Whit Sunday, my Lord (age 30) protesting to me that he would be a very good husband to me and that I should receive no prejudice by releasing my thirds.
On 28 Mar 1663 James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch (age 13) was appointed 467th Knight of the Garter by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 32).
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28 Mar 1666. So by coach to Hales's (age 66), and there sat again, and it is become mighty like. Hither come my wife and Mercer brought by Mrs. Pierce and Knipp, we were mighty merry and the picture goes on the better for it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28 Mar 1666. Thence set them down at Pierces, and we home, where busy and at my chamber till 12 at night, and so to bed. This night, I am told, the Queene of Portugall (deceased), the mother to our Queene (age 27), is lately dead, and newes brought of it hither this day1. 29th. All the morning hard at the office.
Note 1. Donna Luiza, the Queen Regent of Portugal. She was daughter of the Duke de Medina Sidonia and widow of Juan IV. The Court wore the deepest mourning on this occasion. The ladies were directed to wear their hair plain, and to appear without spots on their faces, the disfiguring fashion of patching having just been introduced.- Strickland's Queens of England, vol. viii., p. 362.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28 Mar 1666. Thence to the Cockpitt [Map], and dined with a great deal of company at the Duke of Albemarle's (age 57), and a bad and dirty, nasty dinner.
John Evelyn's Diary. 18 Mar 1701. I let Sayes Court, Deptford [Map] to Lord Carmarthen (age 42), son to the Duke of Leeds (age 69). 28th. I went to the funeral of my sister Draper, who was buried at Edmonton in great state. Dr. Davenant displeased the clergy now met in Convocation by a passage in his book, p. 40.
On 28 Mar 1704 Edward Ward 8th Baron Dudley 3rd Baron Ward (age 20) died of smallpox. His son succeeded 4th Baron Ward of Birmingham, 9th Baron Dudley posthumously.
On 28 Mar 1717 Roger Gale (age 44) was elected Fellow of the Royal Society.
On 28 Mar 1727 Isaac Newton (deceased) was buried in Scientist's Corner, Westminster Abbey [Map]; the first scientist to be buried there. The service was performed by the Bishop of Rochester (age 74).
Before the funeral his body lay in state in the Jerusalem Chamber, Cheyneygates, Westminster Abbey [Map]. His coffin was followed by most of the Fellows of the Royal Society.
The Pall Bearers were the Lord Chancellor Peter King 1st Baron King (age 58), James Graham 1st Duke Montrose (age 44), Robert Ker 2nd Duke Roxburghe (age 18), Thomas Herbert 8th Earl Pembroke 5th Earl Montgomery (age 71), Talbot Yelverton 1st Earl of Sussex (age 36) and Thomas Parker 1st Earl Macclesfield (age 60).
The Chief Mourner was Michael Newton 4th Baronet (age 32); his third cousin.
Voltaire observed, "He was buried like a king who had done well by his subjects.".
He was buried at Scientist's Corner, Westminster Abbey [Map]; the first scientist to be buried theren 28 Mar 1727. The inscription on his John Michael Rysbrack (age 32) monument reads "Here is buried Isaac Newton, Knight, who by a strength of mind almost divine, and mathematical principles peculiarly his own, explored the course and figures of the planets, the paths of comets, the tides of the sea, the dissimilarities in rays of light, and, what no other scholar has previously imagined, the properties of the colours thus produced. Diligent, sagacious and faithful, in his expositions of nature, antiquity and the holy Scriptures, he vindicated by his philosophy the majesty of God mighty and good, and expressed the simplicity of the Gospel in his manners. Mortals rejoice that there has existed such and so great an ornament of the human race! He was born on 25th December 1642, and died on 20th March 1726."
Cansisk's Monumental Inscriptions Volume 1 Old St Pancras Churchyard. Churchyard St Pancras Old Church [Map]. Here lyeth deposited in this vault the remains of the late Honble Lady Barbara Webb, Wife of Sr John Webb (age 85), of Great Canford, in the county of Dorset, Baronet Who departed this life on the 28th day of March, in the year of our Lord 1740. This pious lady was the surviving daughter and sole Heiress of the late Right Honble John, Lord Belasyse, by his third wife the Lady Ann Powlett, Daughter of the Right Noble John, Marquiss of Winchester, who to avoid the expense and vanity of a pompous funeral in her family vault made it her death bed request in compassion to the poor to be privately interred in this churchyard & that the repose of her soul may be remembered by all good Christians. This tomb was erected by her disconsolate husband. Requiescat in pace. Amen.
Letters of Horace Walpole. 23 Mar 1752. Arlington Street. To Horace Mann 1st Baronet (age 45).
Mr. Conway (age 31) has been arrived this fortnight, or a week sooner than we expected him: but my Lady Ailesbury (age 31) forgives it! He is full of your praises, so you have not sowed your goodness in unthankful ground. By a letter I have just received from you he finds you have missed some from him with Commissions; but he will tell you about them himself I find him much leaner, and great cracks in his beauty. Your picture is arrived, which he says is extremely like you. Mr. Chute (age 51) cannot bear it; says it wants your countenance and goodness; that it looks bonny and Irish. I am between both, and should know it; to be sure, there is none of your wet-brown-paperness in it, but it has a look with which I have known you come out of your little room, when Richcourt has raised your ministerial French, and you have writ to England about it till you were half fuddled. Au reste, it is gloriously coloured-will Astley promise to continue to do as well? or has he, like all other English painters, only laboured this to get reputation, and then intends to daub away to get money?
The year has not kept the promise of tranquillity that it made you at Christmas; there has been another parliamentary bustle. The Duke of Argyll (age 69)299 has drawn the ministry into accommodating him with a notable job, under the notion of buying for the King from the mortgagees the forfeited estates in Scotland, which are to be colonized and civilized. It passed with some inconsiderable hitches through the Commons; but in the Lords last week the Duke of Bedford (age 41) took it up warmly, and spoke like another Pitt.300 He attacked the Duke of Argyll on favouring Jacobites, and produced some flagrant instances, which the Scotch Duke neither answered nor endeavoured to excuse, but made a strange, hurt, mysterious, contemptuous, incoherent speech, neither in defence of the bill nor in reply to the Duke of Bedford, but to my Lord Bath (age 68), who had fallen upon the ministry for assuming a dispensing power, in suffering Scotland to pay no taxes for the last five years. This speech, which formerly would have made the House of Commons take up arms, was strangely flat and unanimated, for want of his old chorus. Twelve lords divided against eighty that were for the bill. The Duke, who was present, would not vote; none of his people had attended the bill in the other House, and General Mordaunt (age 55) (by his orders, as it is imagined) spoke against it. This concludes the session: the King goes to Hanover on Tuesday, he has been scattering ribands of all colours, blue ones [Note. Reference to being created a Knight of the Garter] on Prince Edward (age 12), the young Stadtholder, and the Earls of Lincoln (age 31), Winchilsea (age 62), and Cardigan (age 39);301 a green one [Note. Reference to being created a Knight of the Order of the Thistle] on Lord Dumfries;302 a red [Note. Order of the Bath] on Lord Onslow (age 39).303
The world is still mad about the Gunnings; the Duchess of Hamilton (age 18) was presented on Friday; the crowd was so great, that even the noble mob in the drawing-room clambered upon chairs and tables to look at her. There are mobs at their doors to see them get into their chairs; and people go early to get places at the theatres when it is known they will be there. Dr. Sacheverel never made more noise than these two beauties [Note. Elizabeth Gunning Duchess Hamilton and Argyll and Maria Gunning Countess Coventry (age 19)].
There are two wretched women that just now are as much talked of, a Miss Jefferies1 and a Miss Blandy (age 32)2; the one condemned for murdering her uncle, the other her father. Both their stories have horrid circumstances; the first, having been debauched by her uncle; the other had so tender a parent, that his whole concern while he was expiring, and knew her for his murderess, was to save her life. It is shocking to think what a shambles this country is grown! Seventeen were executed this morning, after having murdered the turnkey on Friday night, and almost forced open Newgate. One is forced to travel, even at noon, as if one was going to battle.
Mr. Chute is as much yours as ever, except in the article of pen and ink. Your brother transacts all he can for the Lucchi, as he has much more weight there304 than Mr. Chute. Adieu!
Note 299. Archibald Campbell, Duke of argyll, formerly Earl of Isla.
Note 300. For Lord Hardwicke's notes of this speech, see Parl. Hist. vol. xiv. P. 1235.-E.
Note 301. George Brudenell, fourth Earl of cardigan, created Duke of Montagu in 1776; died in 1790.-D.
Note 302. William Crichton Dalrymple (age 53), fourth Earl [Note. Mistake. He was 5th Earl] of Dumfries in Scotland, in right of his mother. He also became, in 1760, fourth Earl of stair, and died in 1768.-D.
Note 303. George, third Lord Onslow; died in 1776.-D.
Note 304. With the late Mr. Whithed's brothers, who scrupled paying a small legacy and annuity to his mistress and child.
Note 1. Elizabeth Jeffries was to have received her uncle's estate but as a consequence of her bad behaviour he stated he would change his will. She, with accomplices, murdered her uncle. She was executed at a temporary gibbet at the Sixth Milestone Epping Forest on 28 Mar 1572.
Note 2. Mary Blandy who was found guilty of poisoning her father and executed on 06 Apr 1752.
On 28 Mar 1766 Diana Beauclerk (age 20) died in childbirth. The child was stillborn.
On 28 Mar 1793 Harry Bewes (age 52) died. He was buried at St Cuby's Church, Duloe [Map]. Monument by William Adran, 1793, signed 'Adran Fect London'.
Harry Bewes: Around 1741 he was born.
The London Gazette 15905. Dublin Castle, March 28, 1806.
The Duke of Bedford (age 39), who embarked at Holyhead on Tuesday Night the 25th Instant, on board His Majesty's Yacht the Dorset, arrived in this Harbour early this Morning. His Grace on his Arrival in Dublin, was received by the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, Sheriffs, and Commons of the City of Dublin.
His Grace, attended by a Squadron of Dragoons, proceeded to the Castle, and the Council having assembled at Three o'Clock, His Grace was introduced in form to His Excellency the Earl, of Hardwicke (age 48), who received him sitting under the Canopy of State in the Presence Chamber, from whence a Procession was made in the usual State to the Council Chamber: The Council sitting, His Grace's Commission was tead, and the Oath being administered to him, His Grace was invested with the Collar of the most illustrious Order of Saint Patrick, and received the Sword of State from the Earl of Hardwicke.
His Grace afterwards repaired to the Presence Chamber, and received the Compliments of the Nobility and other Persons of Distinction upon his safe Arrival, and taking upon him the Government of Ireland.
On 28 Mar 1831 Anne-Elizabeth Hodgson (age 28) died from childbirth eleven days after giving birth to a daughter.
Adeline Horsey Recollections. One fine March morning he told me that he was going to ride and see a gamekeeper who had accidentally shot himself.
He asked me and Sir Henry Edwards (age 55) to accompany him, but when we reached the keeper's cottage he told us to return to Deene [Map], saying that as he intended to sit an hour with the man he would come on later. We declared our willingness to wait, but Cardigan would not hear of it, and so we somewhat reluctantly rode home without him.
The luncheon hour arrived, but Lord Cardigan did not come; the afternoon dragged on, and still there were no signs of him. I had a horrible presentment that something must have happened, and at once ordered some of the servants to go in search of his Lordship.
My fears were only too well grounded; my husband was found lying insensible on the roadside, nearly lifeless. A roadmender told us afterwards that Lord Cardigan had passed him and spoken a few words and seemed apparently quite well; the horse he was riding shied at a heap of stones and commenced to rear and plunge rather wildly, but my husband kept the animal well under control, for the roadmender saw him ride quietly away. The effort must, however, have afterwards brought on a seizure, for Cardigan fell from his horse, and lay helpless until he was found and brought back to Deene [Map].
For three dreadful days and nights he lay quite unconscious, gasping for breath, and the knowledge that he could not speak to me and did not recognise me intensified my grief a thousandfold. But mercifully his suffering was not prolonged, and on March 28, 1868, my beloved husband passed away.
There are some griefs that are too deep to speak of, even after Time's soothing touch has taken away the first deadly pain of a great sorrow. When I look back and remember the kindness and love which my husband lavished on me, I feel proud to think he often said that the happiest period of his life was after he married me, and that his great possessions and military fame were as nothing compared to the wife he adored.
Lord Cardigan's body lay in state in the ballroom at Deene [Map] for twelve days, during which time six thousand people came to look their last at the remains of the leader of the Charge of the Light Brigade. On April 9 he was buried in Deene Church [Map]; the whole regiment of the 11th Hussars attended the funeral, and he was carried to his last resting-place by eight of his old officers.
When the will was read, it was found that he had left everything to me.
On 28 Mar 1868 James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan (age 70) died from a fall from a horse. His second cousin George William Frederick Brudenell 2nd Marquess Ailesbury (age 63) succeeded 8th Earl Cardigan, 8th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Baron Brudenell Deene in Northamptonshire extinct.
On 25 May 1915 Adeline Horsey Countess Cardigan (age 90) died.
Both were buried in St Peter's Church, Deene [Map]; he on 09 Apr 1868. Monument to James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan 1797 1868 sculpted by Joseph Boehm (age 33). Recumbent effigies on Sarcophagus, bronze sea horses (Brudenell Crest) at the bottom corners.
On 28 Mar 1879 Captain Ronald George Elidor Campbell (age 30) was killed in action in the Zulu Wars at Zlobani Mountain. Monument in St Elidor's Church Stackpole [Map]. His two colleagues took the Zulu position and were both awarded VCs. Colonel Evelyn Wood stated that if he had survived Campbell would also have been recommended for the VC. He died "in the performance of a most gallant act. He was buried where he fell by his comrades under the fire of the enemy" according to the citation. His wife later visited his gravestone which is on the battlefield.
Captain Ronald George Elidor Campbell: In 1867 Ronald Campbell was commissioned in the Coldstream Guards in 1867, promoted Captain in 1871, becoming Adjutant 1st Battalion 1871-78. Before 28 Mar 1879 Captain Ronald George Elidor Campbell applied for special service in South Africa he served in the Anglo-Zulu Wars (1879-96) as Staff Officer to Col. Sir Evelyn Wood.
On 24 Mar 1908 Spencer Cavendish 8th Duke Devonshire (age 74) died of pneumonia at Hotel Metropol. His nephew Victor Christian William Cavendish 9th Duke Devonshire (age 39) succeeded 9th Duke Devonshire, 12th Earl Devonshire, 4th Earl Burlington, 12th Baron Cavendish Hardwick. On 28 Mar 1908 he was buried in the Cavendish Plot, St Peter's Church, Edensor [Map].
On 28 Mar 1910 Ingrid Bernadotte Queen Consort Denmark was born to Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 27) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor (age 28). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
On 28 Mar 1918 Richard Gerard Wellesley Williams-Bulkeley (age 36) died from wounds received in action.
On 28 Mar 1918 Lieutenant-Colonel Oliver Cyril Spencer Watson (age 41) was killed in action.
On 28 Mar 1996 Mary Patricia Beatrice Rose Paget (age 78) died. She was buried at St Edwen's Church, Llanedwen [Map].
Mary Patricia Beatrice Rose Paget: On 19 Jan 1918 she was born to Charles Henry Alexander Paget 6th Marquess Anglesey and Victoria Marjorie Harriet Manners Marchioness Anglesey.
Births on the 28th March
On 28 Mar 1551 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 23) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 28 Mar 1591 William Cecil 2nd Earl Salisbury was born to Robert Cecil 1st Earl Salisbury (age 27) and Elizabeth Brooke (age 28).
On or before 28 Mar 1621, the date he was baptised at St John the Baptist Church, Bristol [Map], Robert Cann 1st Baronet was born.
On 28 Mar 1634 Richard Temple 3rd Baronet was born to Peter Temple 2nd Baronet (age 42) and Christian Leveson (age 22).
On 28 Mar 1675 Frederick William I Duke Mecklenburg-Schwerin was born to Frederick I Duke of Mecklenburg Grabow (age 37).
On 28 Mar 1697 Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington was born to Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland (age 34) and Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland (age 33). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Mar 1739 Francis Reynolds-Moreton 3rd Baron Ducie was born to Francis Reynolds and Elizabeth Moreton.
On 28 Mar 1746 George Damer 2nd Earl Dorchester was born to Joseph Damer 1st Earl Dorchester (age 28) and Caroline Sackville Lady Milton.
On 28 Mar 1757 Theophilus Biddulph 5th Baronet was born to Theophilus Biddulph 4th Baronet (age 37) and Jane Biddulph Lady Biddulph (age 30). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.
On 28 Mar 1785 Georgiana Maria Fitzroy was born to George Fitzroy 2nd Baron Southampton (age 23) and Laura Keppel Baroness Southampton (age 20). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28 Mar 1785 Theophilus Biddulph 6th Baronet was born to Theophilus Biddulph 5th Baronet (age 28) and Hannah Prestridge Lady Biddulph (age 30).
On 28 Mar 1785 Ferdinand Georg August Saxe Coburg Gotha was born to Francis Saxe Coburg Gotha I Duke Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 34) and Augusta Reuss Duchess Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 28).
On 28 Mar 1798 John Townshend 4th Marquess Townshend was born to John Townshend (age 41) and Georgiana Anne Poyntz (age 34) at Balls Park, Hertford.
On 28 Mar 1808 Chartlotte Catherine Hamilton-Gordon was born to George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl Aberdeen (age 24) and Catherine Elizabeth Hamilton Countess Aberdeen (age 24).
On 28 Mar 1809 George Richmond was born in Brompton, Kensington.
On 28 Mar 1814 Louisa Harriet Jenkinson was born to Charles Jenkinson 3rd Earl Liverpool (age 29) and Julia Evelyn Medley Shuckburgh-Evelyn.
On 28 Mar 1818 George Greville 4th Earl Warwick 4th Earl Brooke was born to Henry Greville 3rd Earl Warwick 3rd Earl Brooke Warwick Castle (age 38) and Sarah Elizabeth Savile Countess Warwick (age 32) at Charles Street, Berkeley Square.
On 28 Mar 1837 George William Lowther was born to Charles Lowther 3rd Baronet (age 33).
On 28 Mar 1842 John William Spencer Brownlow Egerton-Cust 2nd Earl Brownlow was born to John Hume Egerton (age 29) and Marianne Margaret Compton (age 25) at Carlton Gardens.
On 28 Mar 1851 Murray Finch-Hatton 7th Earl Nottingham 12th Earl Winchilsea was born to George Finch-Hatton 5th Earl Nottingham 10th Earl Winchilsea (age 59) and Fanny Margaretta Rice Countess Nottingham Winchilsea.
On 28 Mar 1853 Edward Spencer-Churchill was born to George Spencer-Churchill 6th Duke of Marlborough (age 59) and Jane Francis Stewart Duchess Marlborough. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.28%.
On 28 Mar 1876 Sybil Mary McDonnell Baroness Bicester was born to William Randall McDonnell 6th Earl of Antrim (age 25) and Louisa Grey Countess of Antrim (age 21).
On 28 Mar 1879 George Menteth Boughey 9th Baronet was born to George Fletcher Ottley Boughey (age 35).
On 28 Mar 1893 Maud Kathleen Cairnes Plantagenet Hastings was born to Warner Hastings 15th Earl Huntingdon (age 24) and Maud Margaret Wilson Countess Huntingdon (age 25).
On 28 Mar 1896 Nadejda Mikhailovna Torby Marchioness Milford Haven was born to Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia (age 34).
On 28 Mar 1910 Ingrid Bernadotte Queen Consort Denmark was born to Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 27) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor (age 28). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
On 28 Mar 1920 Mark Tennyson 5th Baron Tennyson was born to Major Lionel Hallam Tennyson 3rd Baron Tennyson (age 30) and Clarissa Madeline Tennant Baroness Tennyson (age 23).
On 28 Mar 1924 Diana Evelyn Legh Countess Kimberley was born to Lieutenant-Colonel Piers Walter Legh (age 33).
On 28 Mar 1926 María del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart 18th Duchess of Alba 11th Duke of Berwick was born to Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart 17th Duke of Alba 10th Duke of Berwick (age 47) and María del Rosario de Silva Duchess of Alba (age 25).
On 28 Mar 1948 Julian Charles Marsham 8th Earl of Romney was born to Lieutenant-Colonel Peter William Marsham (age 34) and Hersey Coke (age 33).
Marriages on the 28th March
Before 28 Mar 1287 John Montfort 1st Baron Montfort (age 23) and Alice Plaunche Baroness Montfort were married.
After 28 Mar 1461 Lancelot Threlkeld (age 26) and Margaret Bromflete Baroness Clifford (age 27) were married. She the daughter of Henry Bromflete 1st Baron Vesci (age 54) and Joan Holland Duchess York. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
Before 28 Mar 1482 Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby (age 29) and Margaret Jenney Baroness Willoughby of Eresby (age 22) were married.
On 28 Mar 1672 James Wemyss 1st Lord Burntisland (age 15) and Margaret Wemyss Countess Cromartie 3rd Countess Wemyss (age 13) were married. She the daughter of David Wemyss 2nd Earl of Wemyss (age 61) and Margaret Leslie Countess Buccleuch and Wemyss (age 51). She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Before 28 Mar 1677 William Hay 4th Earl Kinnoull (age 55) and Mary Brudenell Countess Kinnoul were married. She by marriage Countess Kinnoull. She the daughter of Robert Brudenell 2nd Earl Cardigan (age 70) and Mary Constable Countess Cardigan. He the son of George Hay 2nd Earl Kinnoull and Anne Douglas Countess Kinnoul.
Before 28 Mar 1677 William Hay 4th Earl Kinnoull (age 55) and Catherine Cecil Countess Kinnoul were married. She by marriage Countess Kinnoull. He the son of George Hay 2nd Earl Kinnoull and Anne Douglas Countess Kinnoul.
On 28 Mar 1740 Thomas Foley 1st Baron Foley (age 23) and Grace Granville Baroness Foley were married.
On 28 Mar 1769 Frederick Campbell (age 39) and Mary Meredith Countess Ferrers were married. He the son of John Campbell 4th Duke Argyll (age 76) and Mary Drummond Bellenden.
On 28 Mar 1837 Edward Strutt 1st Baron Belper (age 35) and Amelia Harriet Otter Baroness Belper (age 20) were married.
On 28 Mar 1921 John James Kenward Shaw aka Best-Shaw 9th Baronet (age 25) and Elizabeth Mary Theodora Hughes Lady Shaw (age 24) were married.
Deaths on the 28th March
On 28 Mar 965 Arnulf "Great" I Count Flanders (age 75) died.
On 28 Mar 1072 Ordulf Duke of Saxony (age 50) died. His son Magnus Billung Duke Saxony (age 27) succeeded Duke Saxony.
On 28 Mar 1241 King Valdemar II of Denmark (age 70) died.
On 28 Mar 1254 William Ferrers 5th Earl of Derby (age 61) died. He was buried at Merevale Abbey, Warwickshire [Map]. His son Robert Ferrers 6th Earl of Derby (age 15) succeeded 6th Earl Derby. Mary or Marie Lusignan Countess Derby (age 12) by marriage Countess Derby.
On 28 Mar 1353 Roger St John 4th Baron St John of Lageham died.
On 28 Mar 1421 Thomas Camoys 1st Baron Camoys (age 70) died. He was buried at St George's Church Trotton. His grandson Hugh Camoys 2nd Baron Camoys (age 8) succeeded 2nd Baron Camoys.
On 27 Mar 1461 Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 32) fought at Ferrybridge with John Radclyffe Baron Fitzwalter (age 35) capturing the bridge.
On 28 Mar 1461 a further skirmish occurred near Ferrybridge. Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury fought. John Radclyffe Baron Fitzwalter was killed. For Lancaster John "Butcher" Clifford 9th Baron Clifford (age 25) and John Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby (age 51).
On 28 Mar 1461 John "Butcher" Clifford 9th Baron Clifford was killed at Dintingdale during a skirmish. William Neville 1st Earl Kent (age 56) fought for York. His son Henry "Shepherd Lord" Clifford 10th Baron Clifford (age 7) succeeded 10th Baron de Clifford, 10th Lord Skipton.
On 28 Mar 1489 Bishop Thomas Kempe (age 99) died.
On 28 Mar 1501 Jean III Count Auvergne (age 34) died.
On 28 Mar 1624 Richard Sackville 3rd Earl Dorset (age 35) died at Dorset House. He was buried in the Sackville Chapel St Michael's Church Withyham East Sussex. His brother Edward Sackville 4th Earl Dorset (age 33) succeeded 4th Earl Dorset, 4th Baron Buckhurst. Mary Curzon Countess Dorset (age 34) by marriage Countess Dorset.
On 28 Mar 1628 Edmund Prideaux 1st Baronet (age 74) died. His son Peter Prideaux 2nd Baronet (age 32) succeeded 2nd Baronet Prideaux of Netherton in Devon. Susan Poulet Lady Prideaux (age 28) by marriage Lady Prideaux of Netherton in Devon.
On 28 Mar 1641 John Mohun 1st Baron Mohun Okehampton (age 46) died. On 28 Mar 1641 His son Warwick Mohun 2nd Baron Mohun Okehampton (age 20) succeeded 2nd Baron Mohun Okehampton, 3rd Baronet Mohun of Boconnoc in Cornwall.
On 28 Mar 1677 William Hay 4th Earl Kinnoull (age 55) died. His son George Hay 5th Earl Kinnoull succeeded 5th Earl Kinnoull.
On 28 Mar 1704 Edward Ward 8th Baron Dudley 3rd Baron Ward (age 20) died of smallpox. His son succeeded 4th Baron Ward of Birmingham, 9th Baron Dudley posthumously.
On 28 Mar 1740 Barbara Belasyse Lady Webb died.
On 28 Mar 1765 Johnathan Cope 1st Baronet (age 74) died at Orton Longueville predeceasing his father. His grandson Charles Cope 2nd Baronet (age 22) succeeded 2nd Baronet Cope of Bruern in Oxfordshire.
On 28 Mar 1779 John Stewart 6th Earl Traquair (age 80) died. His son Charles Stewart 7th Earl Traquair (age 34) succeeded 7th Earl Traquair, 13th Lord Traquair.
On 28 Mar 1793 Harry Bewes (age 52) died. He was buried at St Cuby's Church, Duloe [Map]. Monument by William Adran, 1793, signed 'Adran Fect London'.
Harry Bewes: Around 1741 he was born.
On 28 Mar 1852 John Shelley 6th Baronet (age 80) died. His son John Villiers Shelley 7th Baronet (age 44) succeeded 7th Baronet Shelley of Mitchelgrove in Sussex.
On 28 Mar 1868 James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan (age 70) died from a fall from a horse. His second cousin George William Frederick Brudenell 2nd Marquess Ailesbury (age 63) succeeded 8th Earl Cardigan, 8th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Baron Brudenell Deene in Northamptonshire extinct.
On 25 May 1915 Adeline Horsey Countess Cardigan (age 90) died.
Both were buried in St Peter's Church, Deene [Map]; he on 09 Apr 1868. Monument to James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan 1797 1868 sculpted by Joseph Boehm (age 33). Recumbent effigies on Sarcophagus, bronze sea horses (Brudenell Crest) at the bottom corners.
On 28 Mar 1884 Leopold Saxe Coburg Gotha 1st Duke Albany (age 30) died at Cannes.
On 28 Mar 1895 Henry George Agar-Ellis 4th Viscount Clifden (age 31) died. His uncle Leopold George Agar-Ellis 5th Viscount Clifden (age 65) succeeded 5th Viscount Clifden of Gowran in County Kilkenny, 5th Baron Mendip of Mendip in Somerset, 4th Baron Dover. Harriet Stonor Viscountess Clifden (age 58) by marriage Viscountess Clifden of Gowran in County Kilkenny.
On 28 Mar 1898 George Byng 3rd Earl Strafford (age 68) died at St James' Square. His brother Henry Byng 4th Earl Strafford (age 66) succeeded 4th Earl Strafford, 4th Viscount Enfield of Enfield in Middlesex, 4th Baron Strafford of Harmondsworth in Middlesex. Henrietta Louisa Elizabeth Danneskiold Samsøe Countess Strafford by marriage Countess Strafford.
On 28 Mar 1902 William Stephen Temple Gore-Langton 4th Earl Temple (age 54) died at Cairo, Egypt to where he had travelled with his wife Helen for his health. His son Algernon Temple-Gore-Langton 5th Earl Temple of Stowe (age 30) succeeded 5th Earl Temple of Stowe.
On 24 Mar 1908 Spencer Cavendish 8th Duke Devonshire (age 74) died of pneumonia at Hotel Metropol. His nephew Victor Christian William Cavendish 9th Duke Devonshire (age 39) succeeded 9th Duke Devonshire, 12th Earl Devonshire, 4th Earl Burlington, 12th Baron Cavendish Hardwick. On 28 Mar 1908 he was buried in the Cavendish Plot, St Peter's Church, Edensor [Map].
On 28 Mar 1910 Violet Neville Countess Cowley (age 43) died.
On 28 Mar 1931 Edith Eden Baroness Auckland (age 71) died.
On 28 Mar 1938 John Wynford Philipps 1st Viscount St Davids (age 77) died. His son Jestyn Reginald Austin Plantagenet Philipps 2nd Viscount St Davids (age 21) succeeded 2nd Viscount St Davids of Lydstep Haven Pembrokeshire, 14th Baronet Philips of Picton Castle.
On 28 Mar 1942 Elizabeth Bulwer-Lytton Countess Balfour (age 74) died.
On 28 Mar 1965 Princess Mary Windsor Countess Harewood (age 67) died.
On 28 Mar 2004 Arthur Waller Liddell 8th Baron Ravensworth (age 79) died. His son Thomas Arthur Hamish Liddell 9th Baron Ravensworth (age 49) succeeded 9th Baron Ravensworth of Ravensworth Castle in County Durham, 14th Baronet Liddell of Ravensworth Castle.
On 28 Mar 2009 Peter Nelson 9th Earl Nelson (age 67) died. His son Simon Nelson 10th Earl Nelson (age 37) succeeded 10th Earl Nelson of Trafalgar and Merson in Surrey, 10th Viscount Merton.
