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On this Day in History ... 30th October

30 Oct is in October.

1460 January Raid on Sandwich

1485 Coronation of Henry VII

1685 Argyll's Rising

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 30th October

Flowers of History by Roger of Wendover 1233. About this same time Hubert de Burgh (age 63) the ex-justiciary, was taken away from the church at Devizes by some armed men, and, after being properly clad in knightly apparel, was carried into Wales, where he joined the enemies of the king about the first hour of the day on the 30th of October.

Patent Rolls Henry VI 1452-1461. 30 Oct 1459. Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire [Map]. Commission of array to Richard Wydevyle of Ryvers (age 54), knight, and the sheriff of Kent in Kent, to resist Richard, duke of York (age 48), Edward Earl of March (age 17), Richard, Earl of Warwick (age 30), and Richard, Earl of Salisbury (age 59), and their accomplices, leagued in rebellion against the king and crown and allowed by certain persons having the keeping of the town and castle of Calais [Map] to enter the same contrary to the king's mandates, and now preparing to arouse congregations and insur rections in the said county; and appointment of the same to arrest all ships and other vessels late of the said Earl of Warwick and all the tackling thereof and to keep the same for the king's use. By K.

Hall's Chronicle 1485. 30 Oct 1485. After this he [King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 28)] with great pompe was cōueighed to Westmynster, and there the thirtye daye of Octobre was with all ceremonyes accustomed, enoynted & crouned kyng by the whole assent as well of the cōmons as of the nobilite, & was named kyng Henry the. vij. of that. name, which was in the yere of our redempcion. M. cece. Ixxxvi. Frederyke the. iij. then beynge Emperour of Almayne, Maximilian his sonne then beynge newely clected kyng of Romanes, Charles the. viij. reignyng ouer the Frenche nacion, & lames the iij. rulyng the realme of Scotland. Which kyngdome he obteyned & enioyed as a thyng by God elected. & prouided, and by his especiall fauoure & gracious aspecte compassed and acheved. In so muche that m& comonly reporte that. vii. C. xcvii. yeres passed, it was by a heavenly voyce reueled to Cadwalader last kyng of Brytons that his stocke and progeny should reigne in this land and beare domynion agayn: Wherupo most men were persuaded in their awne opinion that by this heauenly voyce he was prouided & ordeyned longe before to enioye and obteine this kyngdom, whiche thing kyng Henry the. vi. did also shewe before asyou haue heard declared. Wherefore he beynge by right and iust tytle of temporal inheritaunce, & by prouision of deuyne purueyauce thus crouned and proclaimed kyng: First of all vsyng the antique example of the Athenienses, whiche is to perdon and put out of memory all crymes and offences before tyme agaynst hym or his lawes perpetrated or cōmitted, he called his high court of parliamét at Westmynster the. vii. daye of Nouembre for thestablishyng of all thinges aswell cGeernyng the preseruacion and maintenaֹֹֹūce of his royal person, as the admynistracion of iustice and preferment of the cōmon wealth of this realme and dominion, in the which he caused to be proclaimed that all men were perdoned, acquited & clerely discharged of all offences, peynes of death and execucions, and should be restored to their landes and moueable goodes whiche woulde submit them selfes to his clemency and by othe be obliged truly to serue and obeye bym as their souereigne lorde, & who woulde be obstinate & refuse to returne to bis parte, should be accepted and taken as a publike enemy to hym and his countrey. By reason of which proclamacion, a great nombre that came out of diuerse sanctuaries and privileged places obteyned grace, forgetting clerely the diuersite of faccions & voyce of partakyng. After this he began to remembre his es- peciall frendes & fautours, of whome sone he anaunced to honoure & dignite, & some he enriched with possessions & goodes, euery ma according to his desert & merite. And to begvnne, laspar (age 53) his vncle Erle of Penbrooke, he created duke of Bedforde, Thomas lorde Stanley (age 50) he promoted to be erle of Darby, & lord Chandew of Briteine his especiall frende he made erle of Bathe, Sir Gyles Dawbeney (age 34) was made lorde Dawbeney, Sir Robert Willoughby (age 33) was made lord Brooke which be in their degree barons and peeres of the realme. And Edward Stafford (age 7) eldest son to Henry late duke of Buckingham, he restored to his name dignitie and possessions, which kyng Richard did confiscate and attaynted. Beside this in this parliamēt was this notable acte assented to and concluded as foloweth.

Grafton's Chronicle. [30 Oct 1485]. After thys, he wyth great pompe was conueyed to Westminster, and there the thirtie King Henry the daye of October was wyth all ceremonies accustomed, annoynted and crowned Kyng by seuenth crowned the whole assent as well of the commons as of the Nobilitie, and was named king Henry the seuenth of that name, Frederike the thirde then beyng Emperour of Almayne, Maximilian hys sonne then beyng newely elected king of Romaynes, Charles the eyght reygning ouer the French nation, and Iames the thirde rulyng the realme of Scotlande. Which Lames the thirde kingdome he obteyned and enioyed as a thing by God elected and prouided, & by hys king of Scottes, especiall fauour and gracious aspect compassed and acheeued. In so much that men commonly reported that. 797. yeres passed, it was by a heauenly voyce reuealed to Cadwalader last king of Brytons that his stock and progeny should reigne in thys land and beare dominyon agayne: Wherevpon most men were perswaded in their awne opinion that by this heauenly voyce he was prouided and ordeyned long before to enioy and obteyne this kingdome, which thing king Henry the sixt did also shew before, as you haue heard declared. Wherefore he beyng by right and iust tytle of temporall inheritaunce, and by the prouision of deuine purueyaunce thus crowned and proclaymed king: First of all vsyng the antique example of the Athenians, which is to pardon and put out of memorie all crymes and offences before tyme agaynst hym or hys lawes perpetrated or committed, he called hys high court of Parliament at Westmynster the seuenth day of Nouember for boldeeranwest the stablyshing of all things as well concerning the preseruation and mayntenaunce of hys general pardo royall person, as the admynistration of iustice and preferment of the common welth of A parliamēt graunted. thys realme and dominion, in the which he caused to be proclaymed that all inen were pardoned acquyted and cleerely discharged of all offences, paynes of deathe and executions, and should be restored to their landes and moueable goodes, which would submit themselues to his clemencie & by othe be bound truely to serue and obey him as their souereigne Lord, & who so would be obstinate and refuse to returne to hys part, should be accepted and taken as a publike enemy to him and his Countrey. By reason of which proclamation, a great number that came out of dyuers Sanctuaries and priuileged places obteyned grace, forgettyng clerely the diuersitie of factions and voyce of partaking. After this he began to remember his especiall friends and fautors, of whom some he aduaunced to honour and dignity, and some he enriched with possessions and goodes, euery man according to his desert and merite. And to begin, Iasper his Vncle Erle of Penbrooke, he created Duke of Bedforde, Thomas Lorde Stanley he promoted to the Erle of Darby, and the Lorde Chandew of Britayne his especiall friend he made Erle of Bathe, Syr Gyles Dawbeny was made Lorde Dawbeny, syr Robert Wylloughby was made Lorde Brooke which be in their degree Barons and Peeres of the realme. And Edwarde Stafford eldest sonne to Henry late Duke of Buckyngham, he restored to his name, dignitie and possessions, which king Richard did confiscate and attainted. Beside thys, in this Parliament was this notable act assented to and concluded as foloweth.

On 30 Oct 1485 King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 28) was crowned VII King of England by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 67) at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 42), his mother, attended.

Robert Dymoke (age 24) attended as the Kings' Champion.

John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 43) carried the King's train.

Earl Richmondmerged with the Crown.

Letters and Papers 1528. 30 Oct 1528. Love Letters, XVII. 4894. Henry VIII (age 37). to Anne Boleyn (age 27).

"To inform you what joy it is to me to understand of your conformableness to reason, and of the suppressing of your inutile vain thoughts and fantasies with the bridle of reason, I ensure you all the good in this world could not counterpoise for my satisfaction the knowledge and certainty hereof. Wherefore, good sweetheart, continue in the same, not only in this but in all your doings hereafter; for thereby shall come, both to you and me, the greatest quietness that may be in this world. The cause why this bearer tarryeth so long is the business that I have had to dress up yer (geer?) for you, which I trust or long to see you occupy, and then I trust to occupy yours, which shall be recompense enough to me for all my pains and labors. The unfeigned sickness of this well-willing legate doth somewhat retard his access to your presence; but I trust verily, when God shall send him health, he will with diligence recompense his demowre, for I know well whereby he hath said (lamenting the saying and bruit that he should be Imperial) that it should be well known in this matter that he is not Imperial. And thus for lack of time," &c.

On 30 Oct 1600 Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex (age 34) was refused the renewal of his lucrative monopoly on Sweet Wine by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 67) effectively bankrupting him.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1660. Within all the morning and dined at home, my mind being so troubled that I could not mind nor do anything till I spoke with the Comptroller to whom the lodgings belong. In the afternoon, to ease my mind, I went to the Cockpit [Map] all alone, and there saw a very fine play called "The Tamer Tamed;" very well acted. That being done, I went to Mr. Crew's (age 62), where I had left my boy, and so with him and Mr. Moore (who would go a little way with me home, as he will always do) to the Hercules Pillars to drink, where we did read over the King's (age 30) declaration in matters of religion, which is come out to-day, which is very well penned, I think to the satisfaction of most people. So home, where I am told Mr. Davis's people have broken open the bolt of my chamber door that goes upon the leads, which I went up to see and did find it so, which did still trouble me more and more. And so I sent for Griffith, and got him to search their house to see what the meaning of it might be, but can learn nothing to-night. But I am a little pleased that I have found this out. I hear nothing yet of my Lord, whether he be gone for the Queen (age 50) from the Downs or no; but I believe he is, and that he is now upon coming back again.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 27 Oct 1662. He told me what great faction there is at Court; and above all, what is whispered, that young Crofts (age 13) is lawful son to the King (age 32), the King being married to his mother1. How true this is, God knows; but I believe the Duke of York (age 29) will not be fooled in this of three crowns.

Note 1. There has been much confusion as to the name and parentage of Charles's mistress. Lucy Walter was the daughter of William Walter of Roch Castle, co. Pembroke, and Mr. S. Steinman, in his "Althorp Memoirs" (privately printed, 1869), sets out her pedigree, which is a good one. Roch Castle was taken and burnt by the Parliamentary forces in 1644, and Lucy was in London in 1648, where she made the acquaintance of Colonel Algernon Sidney (age 25). She then fell into the possession of his brother, Colonel Robert Sidney2. In September of this same year she was taken up by Charles, Prince of Wales. Charles terminated his connection with her on October 30th, 1651, and she died in 1658, as appears by a document (administration entry in the Register of the Prerogative Court) met with by the late Colonel Chester. William Erskine, who had served Charles as cupbearer in his wanderings, and was appointed Master of the Charterhouse in December, 1677, had the care of Lucy Walter, and buried her in Paris. He declared that the King never had any intention of marrying her, and she did not deserve it. Thomas Ross, the tutor of her son, put the idea of this claim into his head, and asked Dr. Cosin to certify to a marriage. In consequence of this he was removed from his office, and Lord Crofts (age 37) took his place (Steinman's "Althorp Memoirs"). Lucy Walter took the name of Barlow during her wanderings.

Note 2. TT. Not clear who Colonel Robert Sidney is since Algernon Sidney didn't have a brother called Robert. Algernon's brothers were Philip Sidney 3rd Earl of Leicester (age 43) and Henry Sidney 1st Earl Romney (age 21).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1662. So our guide demands, a candle, and down into the cellars he goes, inquiring whether they were the same that Baxter1 always had. We went into several little cellars, and then went out a-doors to view, and to the Cole Harbour; but none did answer so well to the marks which was given him to find it by, as one arched vault. Where, after a great deal of council whether to set upon it now, or delay for better and more full advice, we set to it, to digging we went to almost eight o'clock at night, but could find nothing. But, however, our guides did not at all seem discouraged; for that they being confident that the money is there they look for, but having never been in the cellars, they could not be positive to the place, and therefore will inform themselves more fully now they have been there, of the party that do advise them. So locking the door after us, we left work to-night, and up to the Deputy Governor (my Lord Mayor, and Sir H. Bennet (age 44), with the rest of the company being gone an hour before); and he do undertake to keep the key of the cellars, that none shall go down without his privity.

Note 1. Intended for John Barkstead, Lieutenant of the Tower under Cromwell. Committed to the Tower (see March 17th, 1661-62).

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1662. But, Lord! to see what a young simple fantastique coxcombe is made Deputy Governor, would make one mad; and how he called out for his night-gown of silk, only to make a show to us; and yet for half an hour I did not think he was the Deputy Governor, and so spoke not to him about the business, but waited for another man; at last I broke our business to him; and he promising his care, we parted. And Mr. Leigh and I by coach to White Hall, where I did give my Lord Sandwich (age 37) an account of our proceedings, and some encouragement to hope for something hereafter, and so bade him good-night, and so by coach home again, where to my trouble I found that the painter had not been here to-day to do any thing, which vexes me mightily.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1662. After dinner, Sir H. Bennet (age 44) did call aside the Lord Mayor and me, and did break the business to him, who did not, nor durst appear the least averse to it, but did promise all assistance forthwith to set upon it. So Mr. Lee and I to our office, and there walked till Mr. Wade and one Evett his guide did come, and W. Griffin, and a porter with his picke-axes, &c.; and so they walked along with us to the Tower, and Sir H. Bennet and my Lord Mayor did give us full power to fall to work.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1662. So I went; and the guard at the Tower Gate, making me leave my sword at the gate, I was forced to stay so long in the ale-house hard by, till my boy run home for my cloak, that my Lord Mayor that now is, Sir John Robinson (age 47), Lieutenant of the Tower, with all his company, was gone with their coaches to his house in Minchen Lane. So my cloak being come, I walked thither; and there, by Sir G. Carteret's (age 52) means, did presently speak with Sir H. Bennet (age 44), who did show and give me the King's warrant to me and Mr. Leigh, and another to himself, for the paying of £2,000 to my Lord, and other two to the discoverers. After a little discourse, dinner come in; and I dined with them. There was my Lord Mayor, my Lord Lauderdale, Mr. Secretary Morris, to whom Sir H. Bennet would give the upper hand; Sir Wm. Compton, Sir G. Carteret, and myself, and some other company, and a brave dinner.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1662. Could sleep but little to-night for thoughts of my business. So up by candlelight and by water to Whitehall, and so to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who was up in his chamber and all alone, did acquaint me with his business; which was, that our old acquaintance Mr. Wade (in Axe Yard [Map]) hath discovered to him £7,000 hid in the Tower, of which he was to have two for discovery; my Lord himself two, and the King (age 32) the other three, when it was found; and that the King's warrant runs for me on my Lord's part, and one Mr. Lee for Sir Harry Bennet (age 44), to demand leave of the Lieutenant of the Tower for to make search. After he had told me the whole business, I took leave and hastened to my office, expecting to be called by a letter from my Lord to set upon the business, and so there I sat with the officers all the morning.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1662. At noon when we were up comes Mr. Wade with my Lord's letter, and tells me the whole business. So we consulted for me to go first to Sir H. Bennet (age 44), who is now with many of the Privy Counsellors at the Tower, examining of their late prisoners, to advise with him when to begin.

On 30 Oct 1668 Sophia Charlotte Hanover Queen Consort Prussia was born to Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg (age 38) and Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern (age 38). She a great granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 30 Oct 1668. Up betimes; and Mr. Povy (age 54) comes to even accounts with me, which we did, and then fell to other talk. He tells, in short, how the King (age 38) is made a child of, by Buckingham (age 40) and Arlington (age 50), to the lessening of the Duke of York (age 35), whom they cannot suffer to be great, for fear of my Chancellor's (age 59) return, which, therefore, they make the King violent against. That he believes it is impossible these two great men can hold together long: or, at least, that the ambition of the former is so great, that he will endeavour to master all, and bring into play as many as he can. That Anglesey (age 54) will not lose his place easily, but will contend in law with whoever comes to execute it. That the Duke of York, in all things but in his cod-piece, is led by the nose by his wife (age 31). That W. Coventry (age 40) is now, by the Duke of York, made friends with the Duchess; and that he is often there, and waits on her. That he do believe that these present great men will break in time, and that W. Coventry will be a great man again; for he do labour to have nothing to do in matters of the State, and is so usefull to the side that he is on, that he will stand, though at present he is quite out of play. That my Baroness Castlemayne (age 27) hates the Duke of Buckingham. That the Duke of York hath expressed himself very kind to my Lord Sandwich (age 43), which I am mighty glad of. That we are to expect more changes if these men stand. This done, he and I to talk of my coach, and I got him to go see it, where he finds most infinite fault with it, both as to being out of fashion and heavy, with so good reason that I am mightily glad of his having corrected me in it; and so I do resolve to have one of his build, and with his advice, both in coach and horses, he being the fittest man in the world for it, and so he carried me home, and said the same to my wife. So I to the office and he away, and at noon I home to dinner, and all the afternoon late with Gibson at my chamber about my present great business, only a little in the afternoon at the office about Sir D. Gawden's accounts, and so to bed and slept heartily, my wife and I at good peace, but my heart troubled and her mind not at ease, I perceive, she against and I for the girle, to whom I have not said anything these three days, but resolve to be mighty strange in appearance to her. This night W. Batelier come and took his leave of us, he setting out for France to-morrow.

On 30 Oct 1683 King George II of Great Britain and Ireland was born to King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 23) and Sophia Dorothea of Celle (age 17) at Herrenhausen Palace, Hanover, Lower Saxony. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

John Evelyn's Diary. 30 Oct 1683. I went to Kew to visit Sir Henry Capell (age 45), brother to the late Earl of Essex; but he being gone to Cashiobury, after I had seen his garden and the alterations therein, I returned home. He had repaired his house, roofed his hall with a kind of cupola, and in a niche was an artificial fountain; but the room seems to me over-melancholy, yet might be much improved by having the walls well painted á fresco. The two green houses for oranges and myrtles, communicating with the rooms below, are very well contrived. There is a cupola made with pole-work between two elms at the end of a walk, which being covered by plashing the trees to them, is very pretty; for the rest there are too many fir trees in the garden.

On 30 Oct 1685 John Ayloffe (age 40) was hanged, drawn and quartered at Temple Bar for his part in the Argyll's Rising.

John Evelyn's Diary. 30 Oct 1688. Visited Mr. Boyle, when came in the Duke of Hamilton (age 53) and Earl of Burlington (age 76). The Duke told us many particulars of Mary Queen of Scots, and her amours with the Italian favorite, etc.

John Evelyn's Diary. 30 Oct 1688. I dined with Lord Preston (age 39), made Secretary of State, in the place of the Earl of Sunderland (age 47).

The London Gazette 27243. Lord Chamberlain's Office, St. James's Palace, October 30, 1900.

The Queen (age 81) has been pleased to appoint George Richard Penn (age 39), Earl Howe, to be one of the Lords in Waiting in Ordinary to Her Majesty, in the room of Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon (age 54), resigned.

On 30 Oct 1914 at Zandvoorde during the he First Battle of Ypres.

Charles Pelham (age 27) [Lord Worsley] was killed in action. His wife, Alexandra Vivian (age 24), who did not remarry, subsequently purchased the land in the town of Zandvoorde in which he was buried. Following his re-interrment at the Town Cemetery Military Extension at Ypre in 1921, the land became the site of the Household Cavalry Memorial.

Hugh William Grosvenor (age 30) was killed in action.

Gerald Ernest Francis Ward (age 36) was killed in action His body was never recovered and he is commemorated at the Menin Gate.

Charles Petty-Fitzmaurice (age 40) was killed in action.

The 1st Life Guard's war diary noted the action at Zandvoorde -[7]

Zandvoorde-Oct 30 6am Heavy bombardment of position opened. At 7.30am position was attacked by large force of infantry. This attack proved successful owing to greatly superior numbers. Regiment retired in good order about 10.00am except C Squadron on the left flank from which only about ten men got back. Remainder of Squadron missing. Also one machine gun put out of action.

Worsley was in command of the Machine Gun section of the Royal Horse Guards defending the area around Zandvoorde to the East of Ypres. They had come under overwhelming pressure and most of the unit had been withdrawn and replaced by 1st Life Guards in which Hugh Grosvenor served. However the MG section, being essential to the defence of the line was retained in the front line along with its crew, led by Lord Worsley. The events concerning the death of both men are discussed in "1914 - The Days of Hope" by Lyn McDonald. Worsley was not the image of the spit and polish of the Household Brigade. He was covered in mud and had not shaved for a week having been subject to continual attacks by the German elite troops ranged against them. He wrote home that his last shave "was all the washing I've had time for in the last ten days". The incoming Life Guards had one Machine Gun inoperative so Worsley's gun was retained as it covered a vital section of the line. His team were tired and hungry having missed out on a meal during the relief by the 1st Life Guards, who had already consumed their own rations whilst moving up to the line and could not help their brothers in arms. However a timely parcel arrived from Worsley's mother containing chocolate which was shared equally amongst the MG team. They remained in position for six days and nights in appalling weather and under attack by overwhelming numbers. Their trench was shallow, and dug on the forward slope before Zandvoorde in full view of the Germans. It was clear to Hugh Grosvenor that the position was exposed and that the Germans were massing for another attack. Grosvenor sent the following message to his HQ "There appears to be a considerable force of the enemy to my front and to my right front. They approach to within about seven hundred yards at night. Our shells have not been near them on this flank". What remained unsaid was that the German artillery certainly had the range of the British trenches and had delivered significant quantities of shellfire, clearly with little reply.

The morning of 30th November dawned as the eighth consecutive day that Worsley's MG team had spent in the line. At 06.00hrs the German barrage started and it was intense. For 90 minutes there was little that the British could do but deal with their battered trenches and their wounded. Worsley's team had to cover their vital Machine Gun with their bodies to protect it from mud and dirt - they well knew that when the shelling stopped they would need it in full working order. When the shelling stopped and the Germans advanced it was over in minutes. An official report confirmed that "the (German) attack proved successful owing to greatly superior numbers" and that the Regiment had "retired in good order". Not all had retired in good order. Hugh Grosvenor and Charles Worsley were occupied in dealing with Germans swarming over their trenches and firing on them at close range and soon it came down to hand to hand fighting. The inevitable conclusion soon came. One man retiring looked back and saw Worsley still standing, firing at the enemy about to overwhelm the trench. There was nobody left alive to tell the tale of the final moments. There were no British wounded. There were no prisoners taken. A cavalry squadron, fighting as dismounted infantry, had simply ceased to exist. By 08.30 news that the 7th Cavalry Brigade had been pushed off the Zandvoorde ridge reached 1st Corps HQ. Perhaps the Commander, General Sir Douglas Haig, took a moment to spare a thought for Worsley who was married to Haig's wife's younger sister.

There was a postscript. The German unit that captured Worsley's trench was the 1st Bavarian Jaeger Regiment and one of its officers found the bodies and on searching them for papers found that Worsley was a Lord. He ordered that any personal effects, including a gold ring should be taken from the body and returned to Worsley's family. Unfortunately the German officer was himself killed a few days later and the effects never found their way back to England. All of the British bodies were buried in a mass grave which remains unfound to this day and all are commemorated on the Menin Gate Memorial. All but one; Worsley's body was given a separate burial and via neutral Holland the German authorities passed information of its location. After the war it was located and is now buried in Ypres Town Cemetery Extension, just yards from that of another aristocratic Freemason HRH Prince Maurice of Battenberg. The land where Worsley's body was found was purchased by his wife and now is the site of the Household Division Memorial. Lyn McDonalds book includes photos of Worsley and his wife at the quayside before his embarkation to France and also his temporary grave marker.

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On 30 Oct 1930 Princess Margaret was baptised at the Chapel Buckingham Palace by Archibishop Cosmo Gordon Lang (age 65). Her aunt Rose Constance Bowes-Lyon Countess Granville (age 40) was godmother.

Births on the 30th October

On 30 Oct 1492 Anne Valois was born to Rene Valois Duke Alençon (age 38) and Margaret Lorraine Duchess Alençon (age 29).

On 30 Oct 1623 Christopher Wren was born.

On 30 Oct 1668 Sophia Charlotte Hanover Queen Consort Prussia was born to Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg (age 38) and Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern (age 38). She a great granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.

On 30 Oct 1680 Richard Cust 2nd Baronet was born to Pury Cust (age 25) and Ursula Woodcock (age 21).

On 30 Oct 1683 King George II of Great Britain and Ireland was born to King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 23) and Sophia Dorothea of Celle (age 17) at Herrenhausen Palace, Hanover, Lower Saxony. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

On 30 Oct 1696 Charlotte Saxe Coburg Saalfeld was born to John Ernest Saxe Coburg Saalfeld IV Duke Saxe Coburg Saalfeld (age 38) and Charlotte Johanna Waldeck Wildungen Duchess Saxe Coburg Saalfeld at Saalfield.

On 30 Oct 1719 Jane Stanhope was born to James Stanhope 1st Earl Stanhope (age 46) and Lucy Pitt Countess Stanhope (age 27).

On 30 Oct 1735 Nicholas Lawless 1st Baron Cloncurry was born.

On 30 Oct 1737 Jane Rochfort Countess Lanesborough was born to Robert Rochfort 1st Earl of Belvedere (age 29) and Mary Molesworth.

On 30 Oct 1741 Angelica Kauffmann was born in Chur Graubünden.

On 30 Oct 1803 Charlotte Howard was born to Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham (age 35) and Charlotte Primrose Countess Effingham (age 27). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 30 Oct 1865 Charles Abbott 4th Baron Tenterden was born to Charles Stuart Abbott 3rd Baron Tenterden (age 30) and Penelope Smyth Baroness Tenterden (age 25). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

On 30 Oct 1872 Joan Emily Thynne Countess Cawdor was born to John Charles Thynne (age 34).

On 30 Oct 1887 Mary Curzon Countess Howe was born to Montagu Curzon (age 41) and Esmé Fitzroy (age 28).

On 30 Oct 1890 Muriel Strutt was born to Henry Strutt 2nd Baron Belper (age 50) and Margaret Coke Baroness Belper (age 38).

On 30 Oct 1913 Richard Kay-Shuttleworth 2nd Baron Shuttleworth was born to Captain Lawrence Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth (age 26) and Selina Adine Bridgeman (age 27).

Marriages on the 30th October

On 30 Oct 1454 Charles "Bold" Valois Duke Burgundy (age 20) and Isabella Bourbon (age 18) were married. She the daughter of Charles Bourbon I Duke Bourbon (age 53) and Agnes Valois Duchess Bourbon (age 50). He the son of Philip "Good" Valois III Duke Burgundy (age 58) and Isabella Aviz Duchess Burgundy (age 57). They were first cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

Before 30 Oct 1524 John Bourchier 1st Earl Bath (age 54) and Florence Bonville Countess Bath (age 52) were married. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.

After 30 Oct 1524 John Bourchier 1st Earl Bath (age 54) and Elizabeth Wentworth Countess Bath (age 54) were married. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 30 Oct 1660 William Noel 2nd Baronet (age 18) and Margaret Lovelace (age 20) were married.

On 30 Oct 1714 Joseph 3rd Baronet (age 49) and Charlotte Mordaunt Lady Alston were married. She by marriage Lady Alston of Chelsea.

Before 30 Oct 1724 John Ashburnham 1st Earl Ashburnham (age 37) and Jemima Grey Countess Ashburham (age 25) were married. She by marriage Baroness Ashburnham of Ashburnham in Sussex. She the daughter of Henry Grey 1st Duke Kent (age 53) and Jemima Crew Marchioness Kent (age 49).

On 30 Oct 1762 William Trench 1st Earl of Clancarty (age 21) and Anne Gardiner were married. They had nineteen children.

On 30 Oct 1824 George Venables-Vernon aka Warren 5th Baron Vernon (age 21) and Isabella Caroline Ellison (age 19) were married.

On 30 Oct 1917 Francis Stapleton-Cotton 4th Viscount Combermere (age 30) and Louisa Hazel Agnew Viscountess Combermere (age 26) were married. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King William IV of the United Kingdom.

On 30 Oct 1946 Gerald Bridgeman 6th Earl of Bradford (age 35) and Mary Willoughby Montgomery Countess Bradford were married. He the son of Orlando Bridgeman 5th Earl Bradford (age 73) and Margaret Cecilia Bruce Countess Bradford (age 64).

Deaths on the 30th October

On 30 Oct 1272 Hugh IV Duke Burgundy (age 59) died. His son Robert II Duke Burgundy (age 24) succeeded II Duke Burgundy.

On 30 Oct 1282 Roger Mortimer 1st Baron Mortimer of Wigmore (age 51) died. He was buried at Wigmore Abbey [Map] where the inscription of his tombstone reads "Here lies buried, glittering with praise, Roger the pure, Roger Mortimer the second, called Lord of Wigmore by those who held him dear. While he lived all Wales feared his power, and given as a gift to him all Wales remained his. It knew his campaigns, he subjected it to torment". His son Edmund Mortimer 2nd Baron Mortimer of Wigmore (age 31) succeeded 2nd Baron Mortimer of Wigmore.

On 30 Oct 1404 William Heron 1st Baron Heron died. Baron Heron extinct.

On 30 Oct 1466 Marie Valois Duchess Cleves (age 73) died.

On 30 Oct 1495 Francis Bourbon Count Vendôme and Soissons (age 25) died. His son Charles Bourbon Duke Vendôme (age 6) succeeded Count Vendôme.

On 30 Oct 1605 George Clifford 3rd Earl of Cumberland (age 47) died. His brother Francis Clifford 4th Earl of Cumberland (age 46) succeeded 4th Earl of Cumberland. His daughter Anne Clifford Countess Dorset and Pembroke (age 15) succeeded 14th Baroness de Clifford.

Francis Clifford 4th Earl of Cumberland bequeathed to Anne the sum of £15,000 in lieu of the estates she was legally entitled to. She engaged in a long and complex legal battle to obtain the family estates. In 1643, when Henry Clifford 5th Earl of Cumberland (age 14) died she regained her estates.

On 30 Oct 1631 William Yelverton 1st Baronet (age 73) died. His son William Yelverton 2nd Baronet (age 41) succeeded 2nd Baronet Yelverton of Rougham in Norfolk.

On 30 Oct 1660 James Hay 2nd Earl Carlisle (age 48) died. Earl Carlisle, Viscount Doncaster extinct.

On 30 Oct 1710 Drury Wray 9th Baronet (age 77) died. His son Christopher Wray 10th Baronet (age 38) succeeded 10th Baronet Wray of Glentworth in Lincolnshire.

On 30 Oct 1711 Catherine Russell Duchess Rutland (age 35) died.

On 30 Oct 1715 Thomas Lennard 1st Earl of Sussex (age 61) died. Earl of Sussex extinct. Baron Dacre Gilsland abeyant.

On 30 Oct 1726 Thomas Frankland 2nd Baronet (age 61) died. His son Thomas Frankland 3rd Baronet (age 41) succeeded 3rd Baronet Frankland of Thirkleby in Yorkshire. Dinah Topham Lady Thirkleby by marriage Lady Frankland of Thirkleby in Yorkshire.

On 30 Oct 1744 Mary Herbert Viscountess Montague (age 83) died.

On 30 Oct 1796 Archibald Montgomerie 11th Earl Eglinton (age 70) died at Eglinton Castle, Kilwinning. His third cousin Hugh Montgomerie 12th Earl Eglinton (age 56) succeeded 12th Earl Eglinton.

On 30 Oct 1803 Grace Chapple Baroness Grantley died.

On 30 Oct 1845 Henry James Montagu Scott 2nd Baron Montagu (age 68) died.

On 30 Oct 1849 William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle (age 77) died. His son Augustus Frederick Keppel 5th Earl Albermarle (age 55) succeeded 5th Earl Albermarle, 5th Viscount Bury in Lancashire, 5th Baron Ashford of Ashford in Kent. Frances Steer Countess Albemarle by marriage Countess Albemarle.

On 30 Oct 1920 James Roche 3rd Baron Fermoy (age 69) died. His son Maurice Roche 4th Baron Fermoy (age 35) succeeded 4th Baron Fermoy.

On 30 Oct 1956 Robert Jocelyn 8th Earl Roden (age 73) died. His son Robert Jocelyn 9th Earl Roden (age 46) succeeded 9th Earl Roden