Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 651. This year King Oswin was slain, on the twentieth day of August; and within twelve nights afterwards died Bishop Aidan, on the thirty-first of August.

Bede. Bertwald succeeded Theodore in the archbishopric, being abbot of the monastery called Racuulfe [Map], which stands at the northern mouth of the river Genlade. He was a man learned in the Scriptures, and perfectly instructed in ecclesiastical and monastic teaching, yet in no wise to be compared to his predecessor. He was chosen bishop in the year of our Lord 692, on the first day of July, when Wictred (age 22) and Suaebhard were kings in Kent; but he was ordained the next year, on Sunday the 29th of June, by Godwin, metropolitan bishop of Gaul, and was enthroned on Sunday the 31st of August. Among the many bishops whom he ordained was Tobias, a man instructed in the Latin, Greek, and Saxon tongues, and otherwise of manifold learning, whom he consecrated in the stead of Gedmund, bishop of the Church of Rochester, who had died.

Flowers of History by Roger of Wendover 1057. 31 Aug 1057. On the thirty-first of August in the same year died Leofric earl of Chester, a man of praise-worthy life; he was buried in the monastery which he had founded at Coventry. Having founded this monastery by the advice of his wife the noble countess Godiva, he, at the prayer of a religious woman, placed monks therein, and so enriched them with lands, woods, and ornaments, that there was not found in all England a monastery with such an abundance of gold and silver, gems and costly garments.

John of Worcester. 31 Aug 1057. The renowned Leofric, son of the ealdorman Leofwine, of blessed memory, died in a good old age, at his own vill of Bromley, on the second of the calends of September [31st August], and was buried with great pomp at Coventry; which monastery, among the other good deeds of his life, he and his wife, the noble countess Godiva, a worshipper of God, and devoted friend of St. Mary, Ever-a-Virgin, had founded, and amply endowing it with lands on their own patrimony, had so enriched with all kinds of ornament, that no monastery could be found in England possessed of such abundance of gold, silver, jewels, and precious stones as it contained at that time. They also enriched, with valuable ornaments, the monasteries of Leominster and Wenlock, and those at Chester dedicated to St. John the Baptist and St. Werburgh, the virgin, and the church which Eadnoth, bishop of Lincoln, had built on a remarkable spot, called in English St. Mary's Stow [Map]⁷³, which means in Latin St. Mary's place. They also gave lands to the monastery at Worcester, and added to the buildings, ornaments, and endowments of Evesham abbey. During his whole life, this earl's sagacity was of the utmost advantage to the kings and the whole commonwealth of England. His son Algar was appointed to his earldom.

Note 73. Henry of Huntingdon describes it as "under the hill at Lincoln;" but Bishop Farmer says that "Stowe was in the bishop's manor by Trent side." The priory of Stowe, or Mary-Stowe, was annexed to Eynsham abbey, in Oxfordshire.

On 31 Aug 1158 Sancho III King Castile (age 24) died. His son Alfonso VIII King Castile (age 2) succeeded VIII King Castile.

On 31 Aug 1217 Berengaria Ivrea I Queen Castile (age 38) Abdicated I King Castile. On 31 Aug 1217 Her son Ferdinand III King Castile III King Leon (age 18) succeeded III King Castile.

On 31 Aug 1281 Eric II King Norway (age 13) and Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway (age 20) were married at Bergen. She the daughter of King Alexander III of Scotland (age 39) and Margaret Queen of Scotland. He the son of King Magnus VI of Norway and Queen Ingeborg of Norway (age 37). She a granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

Between 31 Aug 1304 or 01 Sep 1304 to 06 Sep 1304 King Edward I (age 65) stayed at Horton Castle, Northumberland [Map].

On 31 Aug 1398 John Valois was born to Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 29) and Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France (age 28).

On 31 Aug 1433 Peter Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 43) died of plague at Rambures, Somme. His son Louis Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 15) succeeded I Count Saint Pol.

On 31 Aug 1536 James Stewart 1st Earl of Moray Regent (age 5) received a royal charter granting the lands of Tantallon and others.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1562. The xxxj day of August was bered in Essex the good erle of Oxford (deceased), with iij haroldes of armes, master Garter (age 52), master Lancostur, master Rychmond, with a standard and a grett baner of armes, and viij baner-rolles, [helmet,] crest, targett, and sword, and cott armur, and a herse with velvett [and a] palle of velvett, and a x dosen of skochyons, [and with] mony mornars in blake, and grett mone mad for hym.

Note. P. 290. Funeral of the earl of Oxford. "This John Vere, erl of Oxford, dysseased at his castell of Hemyngham [Map] in Essex on Monday the 3. of August, in the 4. yere of the quene our soveraigne lady Elizabeth, &c. 1562, and was beryed on tewsday the 25. of August next enshewing, at the parishe churche of Hemyngham. He married firstDoraty, doughter of Raff erle of Westmerland, and had issue Kateren wyff to Edward lord Wyndesor; secondly, Margery doughter of Golding, syster to sir Thomas Goldinge, and had issue Edward erl of Oxford, and Mary." (MS. Harl. 897, f. 81.)

On 31 Aug 1565 George Vernon "King of the Peak" (age 57) died. He was buried at All Saint's Church, Bakewell, Derbyshire [Map]. By his will of 18 Aug 1565 he bequeathed six Derbyshire manors and two in Staffordshire to his wife for life. His executors were to take the profits of his manor of Kibblestone, in Staffordshire, and two Cheshire manors for 16 years after his decease to pay his debts, funeral expenses and the fulfilment of his will, which included among numerous bequests the provision of one gold chain worth £20 to his godson, Gilbert Talbot (age 12), the future 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, 'as a remembrance of my good will towards him'. His wife, his son-in-law John Manners (age 38), his brother-in-law Nicholas Longford (age 33) and his 'loving neighbours and faithful friends Thomas Sutton and Richard Wennesley were each to receive £20 for their services as executors, while his 'right worshipful friends' (Sir) John Zouche II and Francis Leke (age 55) were each to have a horse.

Monument with both his wives Margaret Tailboys and Maud aka Magdelan Longford each wearing a French Hood. Man with Two Wives.

On 31 Aug 1568 Humphrey Llwyd aka Lluyd (age 41) died. He was buried at St Marcella's Church, Denbigh [Map]. Victorian Monument to Humphrey Llwyd 1527-1568. Prie-Dieu.

On 31 Aug 1634 Mountjoy Blount 1st Earl Newport (age 37) was appointed Master of the Ordnance; a very lucrative position. From his sale of gunpowder to the Spanish he received £1000, the King £5000.

On 31 Aug 1636 Henry Spencer 1st Earl of Sunderland (age 15) graduated at Magdalen College, Oxford University.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1654. Peter-House [Map], formerly under the government of my worthy friend, Dr. Joseph Cosin (age 59) [Note. Joseph appears to be a mistake for John?], Dean of Peterborough; a pretty neat college, having a delicate chapel. Next to Sidney, a fine college.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1654. From Cambridge, we went to Audley-End [Map], and spent some time in seeing that goodly place built by Howard, Earl of Suffolk, once Lord Treasurer. It is a mixed fabric, between antique and modern, but observable for its being completely finished, and without comparison is one of the stateliest palaces in the kingdom. It consists of two courts, the first very large, winged with cloisters. The front had a double entrance; the hall is fair, but somewhat too small for so august a pile. The kitchen is very large, as are the cellars, arched with stone, very neat and well disposed; these offices are joined by a wing out of the way very handsomely. The gallery is the most cheerful and I think one of the best in England; a fair dining-room, and the rest of the lodgings answerable, with a pretty chapel. The gardens are not in order, though well inclosed. It has also a bowling-alley, a noble well-walled, wooded and watered park, full of fine collines and ponds: the river glides before the palace, to which is an avenue of lime trees, but all this is much diminished by its being placed in an obscure bottom. For the rest, is a perfectly uniform structure, and shows without like a diadem, by the decorations of the cupolas and other ornaments on the pavilions; instead of rails and balusters, there is a border of capital letters, as was lately also on Suffolk House, Suffolk Street, near Charing-Cross, built by the same Lord Treasurer.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1654. Trinity College [Map] is said by some to be the fairest quadrangle of any university in Europe; but in truth is far inferior to that of Christ Church, in Oxford; the hall is ample and of stone, the fountain in the quadrangle is graceful, the chapel and library fair. There they showed us the prophetic manuscript of the famous Grebner, but the passage and emblem which they would apply to our late King, is manifestly relating to the Swedish; in truth, it seems to be a mere fantastic rhapsody, however the title may bespeak strange revelations. There is an office in manuscript with fine miniatures, and some other antiquities, given by the Countess of Richmond, mother of Henry VIII, and the before-mentioned Archbishop Williams, when Bishop of Lincoln. The library is pretty well stored. The Greek Professor had me into another large quadrangle cloistered and well built, and gave us a handsome collation in his own chamber.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1654. Catherine-Hall, though a mean structure, is yet famous for the learned Bishop Andrews, once Master. Emanuel College, that zealous house, where to the hall they have a parlor for the Fellows. The chapel is reformed, ab origine, built north and south, and meanly erected, as is the library.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 31 Aug 1661. Thus ends the month. My maid Jane newly gone, and Pall left now to do all the work till another maid comes, which shall not be till she goes away into the country with my mother. Myself and wife in good health. My Lord Sandwich (age 36) in the Straits and newly recovered of a great sickness at Alicante. My father gone to settle at Brampton, and myself under much business and trouble for to settle things in the estate to our content. But what is worst, I find myself lately too much given to seeing of plays, and expense, and pleasure, which makes me forget my business, which I must labour to amend. No money comes in, so that I have been forced to borrow a great deal for my own expenses, and to furnish my father, to leave things in order. I have some trouble about my brother Tom (age 27), who is now left to keep my father's trade, in which I have great fears that he will miscarry for want of brains and care. At Court things are in very ill condition, there being so much emulacion, poverty, and the vices of drinking, swearing, and loose amours, that I know not what will be the end of it, but confusion. And the Clergy so high, that all people that I meet with do protest against their practice. In short, I see no content or satisfaction any where, in any one sort of people. The Benevolence¹ proves so little, and an occasion of so much discontent every where; that it had better it had never been set up. I think to subscribe £20. We are at our Office quiet, only for lack of money all things go to rack. Our very bills offered to be sold upon the Exchange [Map] at 10 per cent. loss. We are upon getting Sir R. Ford's (age 47) house added to our Office. But I see so many difficulties will follow in pleasing of one another in the dividing of it, and in becoming bound personally to pay the rent of £200 per annum, that I do believe it will yet scarce come to pass. The season very sickly every where of strange and fatal fevers.

Note 1. A voluntary contribution made by the subjects to their sovereign. Upon this occasion the clergy alone gave £33,743: See May 31st, 1661.-B.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 31 Aug 1663. This noon came Jane Gentleman to serve my wife as her chamber mayde. I wish she may prove well. So ends this month, with my mind pretty well in quiett, and in good disposition of health since my drinking at home of a little wine with my beer; but no where else do I drink any wine at all. The King (age 33) and Queen (age 24) and the Court at the Bath, Somerset [Map], my Lord Sandwich (age 38) in the country newly gone.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1663. I was invited to the translation of Dr. Sheldon (age 65), Bishop of London, from that see to Canterbury, the ceremony performed at Lambeth Palace [Map]. First, went his Grace's mace bearer, steward, treasurer, comptroller, all in their gowns, and with white staves; next, the bishops in their habits, eight in number; Dr. Sweate, Dean of the Arches, Dr. Exton, Judge of the Admiralty, Sir William Merick, Judge of the Prerogative Court, with divers advocates in scarlet. After divine service in the chapel, performed with music extraordinary, Dr. French and Dr. Stradling (his Grace's chaplains) said prayers. The Archbishop in a private room looking into the chapel, the bishops, who were commissioners, went up to a table placed before the altar, and sat round it in chairs. Then Dr. Chaworth presented the commission under the broad seal to the Bishop of Winchester (age 65), and it was read by Dr. Sweate. After which, the Vicar-General went to the vestry, and brought his Grace into the chapel, his other officers marching before. He being presented to the Commissioners, was seated in a great armchair at one end of the table, when the definitive sentence was read by the Bishop of Winchester, and subscribed by all the bishops, and proclamation was three times made at the chapel door, which was then set open for any to enter, and give their exceptions; if any they had. This done, we all went to dinner in the great hall to a mighty feast. There were present all the nobility in town, the Lord Mayor of London, Sheriffs, Duke of Albemarle (age 54), etc. My Lord Archbishop did in particular most civilly welcome me. So going to visit my Lady Needham, who lived at Lambeth, I went over to London.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 31 Aug 1665. Our fleete gone out to find the Dutch, we having about 100 sail in our fleete, and in them the Soveraigne one; so that it is a better fleete than the former with the Duke (age 31) was. All our fear is that the Dutch should be got in before them; which would be a very great sorrow to the publick, and to me particularly, for my Lord Sandwich's (age 40) sake. A great deal of money being spent, and the Kingdom not in a condition to spare, nor a parliament without much difficulty to meet to give more. And to that; to have it said, what hath been done by our late fleetes? As to myself I am very well, only in fear of the plague, and as much of an ague by being forced to go early and late to Woolwich, Kent [Map], and my family to lie there continually. My late gettings have been very great to my great content, and am likely to have yet a few more profitable jobbs in a little while; for which Tangier [Map], and Sir W. Warren I am wholly obliged to.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 31 Aug 1667. After having wrote my letters at the office in the afternoon, I in the evening to White Hall to see how matters go, and there I met with Mr. Ball, of the Excise-office, and he tells me that the Seal is delivered to Sir Orlando Bridgeman (age 61); the man of the whole nation that is the best spoken of, and will please most people; and therefore I am mighty glad of it. He was then at my Lord Arlington's (age 49), whither I went, expecting to see him come out; but staid so long, and Sir W. Coventry (age 39) coming thither, whom I had not a mind should see me there idle upon a post-night, I went home without seeing him; but he is there with his Seal in his hand. So I home, took up my wife, whom I left at Unthanke's, and so home, and after signing my letters to bed. This day, being dissatisfied with my wife's learning so few songs of Goodgroome, I did come to a new bargain with him to teach her songs at so much, viz.; 10s. a song, which he accepts of, and will teach her.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 31 Aug 1667. When we arose I took a turn with Lord Bruncker (age 47) in the garden, and he tells me that he hath of late discoursed about this business with Sir W. Coventry (age 39), who he finds is the great man in the doing this business of the Chancellor's (age 58), and that he do persevere in it, though against the Duke of York's (age 33) opinion, to which he says that the Duke of York was once of the same mind, and if he hath thought fit since, for any reason, to alter his mind, he hath not found any to alter his own, and so desires to be excused, for it is for the King's and kingdom's good.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 31 Aug 1667. At the office all the morning; where, by Sir W. Pen (age 46), I do hear that the Seal was fetched away to the King (age 37) yesterday from the Chancellor (age 58) by Secretary Morrice (age 64); which puts me into a great horror, to have it done after so much debate and confidence that it would not be done at last.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1679. After evening service, to see a neighbor, one Mr. Bohun, related to my son's (age 24) late tutor of that name, a rich Spanish merchant, living in a neat place, which he has adorned with many curiosities, especially several carvings of Mr. Gibbons (age 31), and some pictures by Streeter.

John Evelyn's Diary. 31 Aug 1684. Mr. Sidney Godolphin (age 39) was made Baron Godolphin of Rialton in Cornwall.

On 31 Aug 1724 Louis I King Spain (age 17) died of smallpox. He was buried at the El Escorial Palace. Philippe V King Spain (age 40) returned to the Spanish throne.

On 20 Apr 1759 Thomas William Coke 1st Earl of Leicester (age 61) died. Earl of Leicester and Baron Lovel of Minster Lovell extinct. Wenman Roberts aka Coke (age 42) inherited his estates.

On 31 Aug 1753 Edward Coke (age 34) died.

Monument in Church of St Mary the Virgin, Tittleshall [Map] commissioned by wife and mother Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester (age 58). Erected in 1760. Sculpted by Charles Atkinson. Gadrooned sarcophagus on pedestal with a carved and painted achievement above surrounded by extravagant mantling. Flanked by pair of composite columns supporting a dentilated pediment. Carved bust figures to the sides of the Earl and Countess by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 56).

Edward Coke: On 02 Feb 1719 he was born to Thomas William Coke 1st Earl of Leicester and Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester. On 01 Apr 1747 Edward Coke and Mary Campbell were married. She the daughter of John Campbell 2nd Duke Argyll. He the son of Thomas William Coke 1st Earl of Leicester and Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester.

The Peak Forest Tramway was an early horse- and gravity-powered industrial railway (or tramway) system in Derbyshire, England. Opened for trade on 31 August 1796, it remained in operation until the 1920s.

The sleepers for the tramway are reported to have been sourced from the nearby Bull Ring Henge [Map] although the source of this information is unknown?

On 31 Aug 1807 Coulson Wallop (age 32) died of apoplexy whilst imprisoned at Verdun.

Life's Ebb And Flow Chapter IV. In August 1886, my [Frances Evelyn "Daisy" Maynard Countess Warwick (age 24)] sister Blanche (age 22) married the Duke of Richmond’s (age 68) son, Lord Algernon Gordon-Lennox (age 38), in Little Easton church [Map], the Bishop of St. Albans [Map] performing the service, and a family party assembling. The only child of this marriage is my niece, Ivy, Marchioness of Titchfield, who married the eldest son [William Arthur Henry Cavendish-Bentinck 7th Duke Portland] of the present Duke (age 28) and Duchess (age 22) of Portland.

On 31 Aug 1398 John Valois was born to Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France (age 29) and Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France (age 28).

On 31 Aug 1426 John St John was born to Oliver St John (age 26) and Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 16) at Bletsoe, Bedfordshire.

On 31 Aug 1647 Mary Scott 3rd Countess Buccleuch was born to Francis Scott 2nd Earl Buccleuch (age 20) and Margaret Leslie Countess Buccleuch and Wemyss (age 27).

On 31 Aug 1656 Margaret Russell Countess Orford was born to William Russell 1st Duke Bedford (age 40) and Anne Carr Countess of Bedford (age 40).

On 31 Aug 1661 Charles Granville 2nd Earl Bath was born to John Granville 1st Earl Bath (age 33) and Jane Wyche.

On 31 Aug 1701 Edward Henry Calvert was born to Benedict Calvert 4th Baron Baltimore (age 22) and Charlotte Lee Baroness Baltimore (age 22) at Epsom, Surrey. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 31 Aug 1702 Louis Francois Roubiliac was born in Lyon, France [Map].

Before 31 Aug 1710 Diana Grey was born to Henry Grey 3rd Earl Stamford (age 25) and Dorothy Wright Countess Stamford (age 25).

On 31 Aug 1726 Winifrede Howard Baroness Stourton was born to Philip Howard (age 38) and Winifrede Stonor.

On 31 Aug 1764 Bernard Astley was born to Edward Astley 4th Baronet (age 34) and Anne Milles.

On 31 Aug 1774 Charles Turner was born in Woodstock, Oxfordshire [Map].

On 31 Aug 1776 Peter King 7th Baron King was born to Peter King 6th Baron King (age 40).

On 31 Aug 1776 Thomas Reynolds-Moreton 1st Earl Ducie was born to Francis Reynolds-Moreton 3rd Baron Ducie (age 37).

On 31 Aug 1781 John Ponsonby 4th Earl Bessborough was born to Frederick Ponsonby 3rd Earl Bessborough (age 23) and Henrietta Frances Spencer Countess Bessborough (age 20).

On 31 Aug 1789 Catherine Sophia Dallas was born to George Dallas 1st Baronet (age 31) and Margaret Catherine Blackwood Lady Dallas.

On 31 Aug 1801 Reverend William Marriott Smith-Marriott 4th Baronet was born to John Wyldbore Smith 2nd Baronet (age 31) and Elizabeth Anne Marriot Lady Smith (age 34)

On 31 Aug 1817 Julia Thellusson Baroness Walsingham was born to John Thellusson 2nd Baron Rendlesham (age 32).

On 31 Aug 1819 Edouard Dubufe was born.

On 31 Aug 1819 Henry Hucks Gibbs 1st Baron Aldenham was born to George Henry Gibbs of Aldenham (age 34).

On 31 Aug 1834 Ambrose Syned Cave-Browne-Cave was born to John Robert Cave-Browne-Cave 10th Baronet (age 36).

On 31 Aug 1848 John Shelley 9th Baronet was born to Frederick Shelley 8th Baronet (age 39).

On 31 Aug 1850 John Stephen Barrington Simeon 4th Baronet was born to John Simeon 3rd Baronet (age 35) and Jane Maria Baker Lady Simeon. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

On 31 Aug 1851 Charles Claude Bertie was born to Montagu Bertie 6th Earl of Abingdon (age 43) and Elizabeth Lavinia Harcourt Countess Abingdon.

On 31 Aug 1853 John William Plunkett 17th Baron Dunsany was born to Edward Plunkett 16th Baron Dunsany (age 44) and Anne Constance Dutton Baroness Dunsany (age 36).

On 31 Aug 1859 Marie Wilhelmine Luise Glücksburg was born to Friedrich Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg (age 44) and Adelheid Schasumburg Lippe Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 31 Aug 1866 George William Montagu-Douglas-Scott was born to William Scott 6th Duke Buccleuch 8th Duke Queensberry (age 34) and Louisa Jane Hamilton Duchess Buccleuch and Queensbury (age 30).

On 31 Aug 1867 Balthazar Stephen Sargant Foster 2nd Baron Ilkeston was born to Balthazar Walter Foster 1st Baron Ilkeston (age 27) and Emily Martha Sargant.

On 31 Aug 1869 Anthony Ashley-Cooper 9th Earl of Shaftesbury was born to Anthony Ashley-Cooper 8th Earl Shaftesbury (age 38) and Harriet Augusta Anna Seymourina Chichester Countess Shaftesbury.

On 31 Aug 1875 Frederick Leslie Courtenay 16th Earl of Devon was born to Henry Reginald Courtenay (age 39).

On 31 Aug 1894 Rudolph de Trafford 5th Baronet was born to Humphrey Francis de Trafford 3rd Baronet (age 32).

On 31 Aug 1895 William Stourton 22nd Baron Stourton 24th Baron Segrave 23rd Baron Mowbray was born to Charles Botolph Joseph Stourton 21st Baron Stourton 23rd Baron Segrave 22nd Baron Mowbray (age 28) and Mary Constable Baroness Stourton, Segrave and Mowbray (age 25).

On 31 Aug 1904 Mary Freya Sykes was born to Mark Sykes 6th Baronet (age 25) and Edith Violet Gorst (age 32).

On 31 Aug 1945 Anthony Simon Trollope 17th Baronet was born to Anthony Owen Clavering Trollope 16th Baronet (age 28).

On 31 Aug 1281 Eric II King Norway (age 13) and Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway (age 20) were married at Bergen. She the daughter of King Alexander III of Scotland (age 39) and Margaret Queen of Scotland. He the son of King Magnus VI of Norway and Queen Ingeborg of Norway (age 37). She a granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

On 31 Aug 1676 Thomas Bruce 3rd Earl Elgin 2nd Earl Ailesbury (age 20) and Elizabeth Seymour Countess Elgin and Ailesbury (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Henry Seymour and Mary Capell Duchess Beaufort (age 45). He the son of Robert Bruce 2nd Earl Elgin 1st Earl Ailesbury (age 50). They were fourth cousins. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

On 31 Aug 1676 Richard Onslow 1st Baron Onslow (age 22) and Elizabeth Tulse (age 15) were married.

On 31 Aug 1699 Charles Hope 1st Earl Hopetoun (age 18) and Henrietta Johnstone (age 16) were married.

On 31 Aug 1713 Edward Harley 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (age 24) and Henrietta Cavendish Holles Countess of Oxford and Mortimer (age 19) were married. She the daughter of John Holles 1st Duke Newcastle upon Tyne and Margaret Cavendish Duchess Newcastle upon Tyne (age 51). He the son of Robert Harley 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (age 51) and Elizabeth Foley Countess of Oxford and Mortimer.

On 31 Aug 1822 Charles Rowley 2nd Baronet (age 21) and Frances Evelyn were married.

On 31 Aug 1850 John Stuart Bligh 6th Earl Darnley (age 23) and Harriet Mary Pelham Countess Darnley (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Henry Pelham 3rd Earl Chichester (age 46) and Mary Brudenell Countess Chichester (age 44). He the son of Edward Bligh 5th Earl Darnley and Emma Jane Parnell Countess Darnley.

On 31 Aug 1865 William Hare 3rd Earl of Listowel (age 32) and Ernestine Mary Brudenell-Bruce Countess Listowell (age 18) were married. She by marriage Countess Listowel in County Kerry. She the daughter of Ernest Brudenell-Bruce 3rd Marquess Ailesbury (age 54) and Louisa Elizabeth Horsley Beresford Marchioness Ailesbury (age 51). He the son of William Hare 2nd Earl Listowel and Maria Augusta Windham Countess Listowel (age 60).

Before 31 Aug 1904 Mark Sykes 6th Baronet (age 25) and Edith Violet Gorst (age 32) were married.

On 31 Aug 1949 Michael Henley aka Eden 7th Baron Henley 5th Baron Northington (age 35) and Nancy Mary Walton Baroness Henley and Northington (age 21) were married.

Around 31 Aug 1057 Leofric Earldorman Mercia died at Kings Bromley, Staffordshire [Map]. His son Ælfgar Earl of Mercia and East Anglia succeeded Earldorman Mercia.

On 31 Aug 1158 Sancho III King Castile (age 24) died. His son Alfonso VIII King Castile (age 2) succeeded VIII King Castile.

On 31 Aug 1166 Bishop Robert of Lewes died. He was buried at Bath Abbey [Map] before the high altar.

Around 31 Aug 1168 Amice Gael Countess Leicester died.

On 31 Aug 1330 John Mohun 1st Baron Dunster (age 61) died. His grandson John Mohun 2nd Baron Mohun of Dunster (age 10) succeeded 2nd Baron Mohun of Dunster. Given his young age he became a ward of the King who sold his wardship and marriage to Bishop Henry Burghesh (age 38) who then married him to his niece Joan Burghesh Baroness Dunster (age 11), daugher of his brother Bartholomew "The Elder" Burghesh 1st Baron Burghesh (age 43).

On 31 Aug 1372 Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 70) died. His son Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford (age 36) succeeded 2nd Earl Stafford, 3rd Baron Stafford. Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 38) by marriage Countess Stafford.

On 31 Aug 1433 Peter Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 43) died of plague at Rambures, Somme. His son Louis Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 15) succeeded I Count Saint Pol.

On 31 Aug 1470 Frederick Lorraine Count Vaudémont (age 42) died. His son René Lorraine II Duke Lorraine Duke of Bar (age 19) succeeded Count Vaudémont.

On 31 Aug 1565 George Vernon "King of the Peak" (age 57) died. He was buried at All Saint's Church, Bakewell, Derbyshire [Map]. By his will of 18 Aug 1565 he bequeathed six Derbyshire manors and two in Staffordshire to his wife for life. His executors were to take the profits of his manor of Kibblestone, in Staffordshire, and two Cheshire manors for 16 years after his decease to pay his debts, funeral expenses and the fulfilment of his will, which included among numerous bequests the provision of one gold chain worth £20 to his godson, Gilbert Talbot (age 12), the future 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, 'as a remembrance of my good will towards him'. His wife, his son-in-law John Manners (age 38), his brother-in-law Nicholas Longford (age 33) and his 'loving neighbours and faithful friends Thomas Sutton and Richard Wennesley were each to receive £20 for their services as executors, while his 'right worshipful friends' (Sir) John Zouche II and Francis Leke (age 55) were each to have a horse.

Monument with both his wives Margaret Tailboys and Maud aka Magdelan Longford each wearing a French Hood. Man with Two Wives.

On 31 Aug 1669 John Hamilton 4th Earl Haddington (age 43) died in Tyninghame House [Map]. His son Charles Hamilton 5th Earl Haddington (age 19) succeeded 5th Earl Haddington.

After 31 Aug 1669 Christian Lindsay Countess Haddington died.

Before 31 Aug 1679 Christopher Wray 2nd and 6th Baronet (age 27) died. On 31 Aug 1679 Christopher Wray 2nd and 6th Baronet was buried at St Giles' in the Fields Church [Map]. His brother William Wray 7th and 3rd Baronet (age 26) succeeded 3rd Baronet Wray of Ashby in Lincolnshire, 7th Baronet Wray of Glentworth in Lincolnshire.

On 31 Aug 1699 John Newton 2nd Baronet (age 73) died. His son John Newton 3rd Baronet (age 48) succeeded 3rd Baronet Newton of Barrs Court. Susanna Wharton Lady Newton (age 48) by marriage Lady Newton of Barrs Court.

On 31 Aug 1700 William Savile 2nd Marquess Halifax (age 35) died without male issue. Marquess Halifax, Earl Halifax, Viscount Halifax and Baron Savile of Elland extinct. His first cousin twice removed John Savile 6th Baronet (age 50) succeeded 6th Baronet Savile of Thornhill

On 31 Aug 1709 John Leveson-Gower 1st Baron Gower (age 34) died. His son John Leveson-Gower 1st Earl Gower (age 15) succeeded 2nd Baron Gower, 6th Baronet Gower of Stittenham in Yorkshire.

On 31 Aug 1724 Louis I King Spain (age 17) died of smallpox. He was buried at the El Escorial Palace. Philippe V King Spain (age 40) returned to the Spanish throne.

On 20 Apr 1759 Thomas William Coke 1st Earl of Leicester (age 61) died. Earl of Leicester and Baron Lovel of Minster Lovell extinct. Wenman Roberts aka Coke (age 42) inherited his estates.

On 31 Aug 1753 Edward Coke (age 34) died.

Monument in Church of St Mary the Virgin, Tittleshall [Map] commissioned by wife and mother Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester (age 58). Erected in 1760. Sculpted by Charles Atkinson. Gadrooned sarcophagus on pedestal with a carved and painted achievement above surrounded by extravagant mantling. Flanked by pair of composite columns supporting a dentilated pediment. Carved bust figures to the sides of the Earl and Countess by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 56).

Edward Coke: On 02 Feb 1719 he was born to Thomas William Coke 1st Earl of Leicester and Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester. On 01 Apr 1747 Edward Coke and Mary Campbell were married. She the daughter of John Campbell 2nd Duke Argyll. He the son of Thomas William Coke 1st Earl of Leicester and Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester.

On 31 Aug 1765 John Robinson 4th Baronet (age 60) died. His son George Robinson 5th Baronet (age 35) succeeded 5th Baronet Robinson of London. Dorothea Chester Lady Robinson by marriage Lady Robinson of London.

On 31 Aug 1768 Henrietta Pelham Baroness Bergavenny (age 38) died.

On 31 Aug 1769 Charles Mathew Goring 5th Baronet (age 63) died. His son Harry Goring 6th Baronet (age 30) succeeded 6th Baronet Bowyer aka Goring of Highden in Sussex.

On 31 Aug 1772 William Borlase (age 76) died.

On 31 Aug 1779 Margaret Wemyss Countess Moray (age 60) died.

On 31 Aug 1786 Charles Howard 10th Duke of Norfolk (age 65) died. His son Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk (age 40) succeeded 11th Duke Norfolk, 29th Earl Arundel Sussex, 12th Earl Surrey, 9th Earl Norfolk, 19th Baron Maltravers, 19th Baron Arundel.

Frances Scudamore Duchess Norfolk (age 36) by marriage Duchess Norfolk.

On 31 Aug 1817 John Thomas Duckworth 1st Baronet (age 70) died. His son John Thomas Duckworth aka Buller 2nd Baronet (age 8) succeeded 2nd Baronet Duckworth of Topsham in Devon.

On 31 Aug 1822 Clementia Elphinstone Countess Perth (age 73) died.

On 31 Aug 1832 Mary Tyrrell 3rd Countess Arran (age 65) died.

On 31 Aug 1883 Maria Charlotte Ridley-Colborne Lady Nugent died.

On 31 Aug 1945 William Acton (age 39) died.

On 31 Aug 1971 Mona Stapleton 11th Baroness Beaumont and Baroness Howard (age 77) died. Her son Miles Stapleton Fitzalan Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk (age 56) succeeded 12th Baron Beaumont.

On 31 Aug 1989 Ruth Alice Hannah Mary Primrose Countess Halifax (age 73) died.

On 31 Aug 2003 Anne Winifred Sullivan Marchioness Westminster (age 88) died.

On 31 Aug 2006 David William Anthony Blyth Macpherson 2nd Baron Strathcarron (age 82) died.

On 31 Aug 2015 Edward Douglas-Scott-Montagu 3rd Baron Montagu (age 88) died. His son Ralph Douglas Scott-Montagu 4th Baron Montagu of Beaulieu (age 54) succeeded 4th Baron Montagu of Beaulieu.