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1460 Act of Accord is in 1459-1461 Wars of the Roses: Second War.
On 10th October 1460 Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 49) claimed the Kingdom of England in Westminster Hall [Map] witnessed by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 42).
On 25th October 1460 Parliament enacted the 1460 Act of Accord by which Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 49) was declared heir to King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 38) disinheriting Edward of Westminster (age 7). At the same Parliament on 31st October 1460 Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York was created Prince of Wales, 1st Duke of Cornwall. He was also appointed Lord Protector.
Chronicle of Gregory [1400-1467]. 9th September 1460. Ande this same year the Duke of Yorke (age 48) come out of Yrlonde, and londyd at the Redde Clyffe in Loncaschyre, and his lyvery was whyte and brewe in her clothyng, and i-brawderyd a-bove with fetyrlockys. And this he come forthe towarde London; ande then his lady the duchyes (age 45) met with him in a chare i-coveryd with blewe felewette, and iiij pore coursserys theryn. And so he come to Habyngdon, and there he sende for trompeters and claryners to bryng him to London, and there he gave them baners with the hole armys of Inglonde without any dyversyte, and commaundyd his swerde to ben borne uppe ryghte be-fore hym; and soo he rode forthe unto Lundon tylle he come to Westemyster to Kyng Harrys palys ande there he claymyde the crowne of Inglonde.
Chronicle of Gregory [1400-1467]. October 1460. Ande he kept King Harry there by fors and strengythe, tylle at the laste the King for fere of dethe grauntyd him the crowne, for a man that hathe by ly tylle wytte wylle son be a feryd of dethe, and yet I truste and bee-leve there was no man that wolde doo him bodely harme. But the lordys entretyd that Kyng Harry shuld rejoyse the crowne durynge his lyffe, and aftyr his lyffe that the crowne sholde returne unto the dukys is a hayrys as it requyrythe by that tytylle, and here uppon they were swore to ben faythefulle and trewe unto Kyng Harry. And alle so that it shulde [be] b graunte treson to them that spake any evyr c by the Duke of Yorke or his wife, or any of his chyldryn. And alle the lordys grauntyd there to, and soo it was proclaymyd in London and in many placys of Inglond. And that the for-said duke shulde have out of the crow[n]e yearly to his expence, for him and his hayrys durynge Kyng Harrys lyffe, xM [Note. 10000] marke in mony. Thys acordement was made the laste day of October.
An English Chronicle. 8th October 1460. And thys same yere the Tewesday the viij. day of Octobre, a parlement was begonne at Westmynstre; and thyder came Richard duk of York, that a lytelle before was come oute of Yrlond, and was loged in the paleys, the kyng beyng there, and brak vp the dores [folio 207b] of the kynges chambre. And the kyng heryng the grete noyse and rumore of the peple, yaafe hym place and took another chambre.
Chronicle of St Albans by Abbot John Whethamstede [-1465]. [10th October 1460] However, as he stood in this manner, turning his face towards the people and deeming them to be applauding him, Master Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, approached. After offering appropriate greetings, he asked if the Duke would like to come and see the King. Somewhat displeased by this request, he responded rather curtly, in the following manner, "I do not recall knowing anyone within the realm who should rather come to see me and behold my person, than for me to approach and visit theirs."
Dum autem sic staret, vultumque deflecteret ad populum, et ipsum sibi applaudentem æstimaret, supervenit Magister Thomas Boucher, Archiepiscopus Cantuariæ, præmissaque salutatione congrua, petiit an vellet venire, et Dominum Regem videre. De qua petitione ipse quasi stomachatus in animo, respondebat iterum breviter satis, sub isto modo, "Non memini me nosse aliquem infra regnum, quin deceret eum citius venire ad me, et videre personam meam, quam me accedere, et visitare suam."
Chronicle of St Albans by Abbot John Whethamstede [-1465]. [10th October 1460] However, while the people wavered in such uncertainty, and as the King stood with the prelates, nobles, and commons gathered in Parliament at Westminster for the good governance of his kingdom, soon, almost at the beginning of the Parliament, the aforementioned Duke of York arrived, with great pomp and exuding a sense of elevation, accompanied by trumpets and horns, with men of arms, and a very large retinue. As he entered the Palace there, he proceeded straight through the great hall until he reached that solemn chamber where the King usually holds Parliament. Upon arriving there, he walked straight until he came to the King's throne, upon which he placed his hand, acting as if asserting his rightful possession. Eventually withdrawing it from there, he turned his face to the people, standing in peace beneath the royal standard, observing their reactions and gaze.
Dum autem populus fluctuaret taliter sub dubio, staretque Dominus Rex cum Prælatis, Proceribus, et Communibus, in Parliamento apud Westmonuterium, pro bono regimine sui regni, congregato, mox, et Parliamenti quasi in principio, supervenit dictus Dominus Dux Eboracensis, cum pompa apparatus magni, in non parvaque exaltatione spiritus, quia cum tubis et bucinis, cum hominibusque armorum, familia multa nimis; ingredienesque Palatium ibidem, perrexit recto itinere per aulam majorem, quousque veniret ad cameram illam solemnem, ubi Rex, cum Communibus, tenere solet Parliamentum num. Illuc utique veniens, perrexit passu recto, quousque veniret ad solium Regis, super cujus centonem, sive culcitram, manum suam ponens, in eo facto similis homini sumpturo possessionem sui juris, tenuit illam super ipsam per morulam temporis parvulam. Demum tamen eam inde retrahens, vertit faciem suam ad populum, stansque in pace sub panno status regii, intuebatur concurrentiam contuentiamque illorum.
A Chronicle of London. 10th October 1460 ... the kyng taken and brought to London, and callid a parliament; and the duke of Yorke came out of Irland, and to Westm' the xth day of Octobre, and there made clayme to the crowne; aggrement was made bitwene the kyng and him, and he was made protectour, his title allowid to be kyng after the kyngs deceas;
An English Chronicle. [10th October 1460]. Then the seyde duk Richard, remembryng the grete and manyfolde wrongys, exylys, and vylonyes, that he had suffred and be put vnto by thys seyde kyng Harry, and by hys; and also how wrongfully and vniustly he had be, and was, dyspleased and dyseased of hys ryghte enheritaunce of the reaume and croune of Englond, by violent intrusyonne of kyng Harry the iiijthe, whyche vnryghtefully, wrongfully, and tyrannously vsurped the crowne after the dethe of kyng Rychard his cosyn, verray and ryghtfulle heyre therof, and so wrongfully holdyn from hymm, and occupyed and holde, by the sayde kyng Harry the iiijthe, the vthe, and kyng Harry the vjthe that now ys in to thys tyme; he as ryghte heyre by lynealle descens from the sayde kyng Richard, chalaunged and claymed the sayd reame and croune of Englond, purposyng withoute any more delay to haue be crouned onne Alle Halow day, thanne next folowyng: and heropon sent to the lordes and comones of the parlement in wrytyng, hys sayde clayme, tytle and pedegre, and nat wold come in to the parlement tylle he had aunswere therof. The whyche tytle, clayme and pedegre, after diligent inspeccione and wyse delyberacione of thaym had, dyscussed and approued, by alle the seyde parlement; peese, vnyte and concorde betwene the kyng and the sayde duk Richard, the Fryday in the vygylle of Alhalow was maad, stabylysshed and concluded, as yt appereth plenely, and ys conteyned in tharticles here next folowyng:— [folio 208a]
"Blyssed be Jhesu, in Whos handes and bounte restethe and ys the pease and vnyte betwyxt princes, and the weele of euery reaume yknow, by Whos direccione aggreed hit ys, appoynted, and accorded as folowethe, betwyxt the moste Hyghe and most Myghty Prynce, Kyng Harry the vjth, kyng of Englond and of Fraunce and lorde of Yrelond, on that on party, and the ryghte Hyghe and Myghty Prynce Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, on that other party, uppon certayne matyers of variaunce meued betwyxt thayme; and in especyalle, uppon the clayme and tytle vn to the corones of Englond and of Fraunce, and royalle power, estate, and dygnyte apperteynyng to the same, and lordshyppe of Yrelond, opened, shewed, and declared by the sayde duk afore alle the lordes spyrytuelle and temporalle beyng in thys present parliament: The sayde aggrement, appoyntement and accord, to be auctorysed by the same parlement.
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Chronicle of William of Worcester [1415-1482]. [10th October 1460] On [....] October, the parliament began, to which the lords, the Earls of Warwick, March, and Salisbury, and almost all the archbishops, bishops, and abbots convened. But the Dukes of Exeter and Somerset, as well as the Earls of Northumberland and Devonshire, and many others from the north did not come, etc. On the third day of parliament, the Duke of York, with five hundred armed men, entered the Palace of Westminster, and thus into the parliamentary chamber, where he declared with his own mouth that he was to be the heir to the crown of England. And on that day, few lords favoured him, but most were simply absent. On All Saints' Eve [October 31st], the King and the Duke of York were reconciled by the authority of parliament; namely, that the Henry should be King during his lifetime, and the Duke should be regent, and after the death of the King, inherit the crown of England and France.
Die [....] Octobris inceptum est parliamentum, ad quod convenerunt domini comites Warwyk, Marche, et Sarum, et quasi omnes archiepiscopi, episcopi, et abbates. Sed duces Exoniæ et Somersetiæ, ac comites Northumbriæ, Deveniæ, ac etiam multi de borialibus non venerunt, etc. Tertio die parliamenti dux Eboraci, cum v. c. armatis, intravit palatium Westmonasterii, et sic in camera parliamenti, ubi proprio ore suo declaravit se fore hæredem regum coronæ Angliæ. Et illo die pauci dominorum sibi favebant, sed solummodo absentabant. In vigilia Omnium Sanctorum concordati sunt rex et dux Eboraci auctoritate parliamenti; videlicet, ut rex [esset] Henricus, durante vita sua, et dux esset regens, ac post mortem dicti regis coronam Angliæ et Franciæ hæreditaret.