1500-1509 Death of Prince Arthur and Henry VII

Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1529. After 28th June 1529. Vit. B. XII. 70. B. M. 5774. Catharine of Arragon.

A set of depositions as to Catharine's marriage with Prince Arthur.

1. of George Earl of Shrewsbury (age 61), seneschal of the King's household, at the Coldherbar, on Monday, 28 June 1529. Is 59 years of age. Was present at the marriage of Henry VII. at Westminster, and at the creation of Arthur prince of Wales and Henry Duke of York (age 38). They were always considered as brothers, and he never heard it contradicted. Was present at the marriage of Prince Arthur with Catharine, now Queen, at St. Paul's, in Nov. 17 Henry VII. 1521 (sic). Believes that Arthur was then 14 or more. Saw the Queen Elizabeth and him a month after his birth, at Winchester [Map], in 2 Henry VII. Believes that Catharine was more than 14. Thinks that Arthur must have been nearer 15 than 14. At night, with the Lord of Oxford (age 58) and others, conducted Prince Arthur to the lady Catharine's (age 43) bedchamber, and left him there. Supposes that the Prince consummated the marriage, as he did so, being only 15 years when he was married. They were always considered lawfully married during the life of Prince Arthur. Saw the funeral of Prince Arthur at Worcester, and the marriage of the King and Queen at Greenwich. Cannot answer the 6th and 7th articles, but leaves them to the laws. Never heard what is contained in the 8th article. As to the 9th, knows that the King and Queen cohabited and treated each other as husband and wife, but cannot say whether lawfully or not. Can say nothing from his own knowledge as to the 10th, 11th, and 12th articles. Has made this deposition without being instructed or corrupted in any way, only for the sake of truth.

Vit. B. XII. 80. B. M.

2. of Thomas marquis of Dorset (age 52). Is 52 years of age. The 1st and 2nd articles contain the truth. Was present at the baptism of Arthur and Henry, the former at Winchester, and the latter at Greenwich. Was present at the marriage of Prince Arthur with Catharine, now Queen, at St Paul's, on a Sunday in Nov. 1501, 17 Henry VII. Believes Arthur was about 15, for he has seen in the book in which are written the births of the King's children that he was born 20 Sept. 1486. Was present when Prince Arthur went to bed after his marriage, where the lady Catharine lay under the coverlet, "as the manner is of Queens in that behalf." Thinks that he used the princess as his wife, for he was of a good and sanguine complexion, and they were commonly reputed as man and wife during Prince Arthur's life. As to the 5th article, he can depose nothing to the first part, as he was then prisoner at Calais; but the remainder, touching cohabitation and reputation, is true. Can say nothing to the 6th, 7th, and 8th. The 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th contain the truth, as he believes.

Vit. B. XII. 85. B. M.

3. of Sir Antony Willoughby. Has lived 15 years in Hampshire, for 12 years previously in Wiltshire. Was five years in the service of Prince Arthur, for five years before that in the service of the Bishop of Durham, and before that time in his father's household. Believes the 1st and 2nd articles to be true. To the 3rd and 4th, was present at the marriage of Prince Arthur and lady Catharine. By favour of his father, Lord Broke, steward of the King's household, was present when Prince Arthur went to bed on his marriage night in the palace of the Bishop of London. In the morning the prince, in the presence of Mores St. John, Mr. Cromer, Mr. William Woddall, Mr. Griffith Rice, and others, said to him, "Willoughby, bring me a cup of ale, for I have been this night in the midst of Spain;" and afterward said openly, "Masters, it is good pastime to have a wife." He, therefore, supposes that the marriage was consummated; and he heard that they lay together the Shrovetide following at Ludlow.

Knows that they lived together as man and wife during the remainder of the Prince's life.

Believes the 5th article to be true. Can depose nothing to the 6th, 7th and 8th. Believes the 9th, 10th and 11th to be true. The 12th contains law; to which he is not bound to reply. To the second additional interrogatory he replies, that it contains the truth, for he has been present twenty times at the solemnization of marriage, and the said form of words is always used.

Collectanea by John Leland. On St. Pauls Day in January in the Year of our Lord God 1503 [25th January 1503], in the Kings Royal Manor of Richmond, wer the Fyancells of the right Highe and Mighty and right Excellent Prlnce and Princese James King of Scotts and Margaret eldest Daughter of our Soveraigne Lord Henry the Seventh, by the Grace of God King of England and of Fraunce, and Lord of Ireland, as esueth.

After long and deliberate Communicacion and Conclusion had, accorded, and concluded betwene the Two Kings, theyr Councells, Ambassadours, and Commissioners, King Henry sent for the Substance of the Lords, both Spiritual and Temporall, that were neare to London, to be present at the said intended Solempnitye.

On St. Pauls Day aforesaide the King and Queen with their noble Children, except the Prince, heard High Masse, and after that a notable Sermon made by the Reverend Fader the Lorde Richard Fitz James, Bishop of Chichester, at wich Tyme the saide King and Queen wer accompaynyed with: the Duke of York, the Kings Second Son, the Lady Mary, the Kiogs Second Daughter, The Popes Orator, Don Peter de Yaule, Embassador of Spayne, the Archbishop of Glasco, the Earl of Bothwell (age 51), the Elect of Murray, [the last three being the] Ambassadors and Commisioners of Scotland, with many other Knights and Esquiers, the Embassador of Venice, called Messire Francisco de Capello, Knight, a Gent. of the French Kings, called L'Esquier Poland, The Popes Collector, with diverse other Strangiers.

Lords Spirituall of this Realme. The Lord Henry Den, Archbishop of Canterbery, the Lord Thomas Savage, Archbishop of Yorke (age 54), the Lord Rich. Fox, Bishop of Winchester, the Lord John Arundell, Bishop of Chester, the Lord Rich. Fitz James, Bishop of Rochester, the Lord Rich. Nikk, Bishop of Norwiche.

Lords Temporal: the Duke of Buckingham Edward, the Marquis of Dorset (age 25) Thomas, the Earle of Arundell Thomas, the Earle of Northumberland (age 25) Henry, the Earle of Derby Thomas, High Constable of England, the Earle of Surrey Thomas, Trezerer of England the Earle of Essex Henry, the Earle of Ormond Thomas, the Lord Maltravers, the Lo. Strange, the Lo. William of Devonshire, the Lo. Howard, the Lo. Dawbeney, the Kings Chamberlyn, the Lo. Brooke, Steward of the Kings House, the Lord of Bergavenny, the Lo. Mountjoy, the Lo. Dacre of the North, the Lo. William of Suffolke, the Lo. Lawarre, Sir Thomas Stanly.

Ladyes: the Lady Mary (age 6), the Kings Daughter, the Duchesse of Norfolke, the Lady Katheren the Q. Sister, the Lady Marques of Dorset, the Countes of Essex (age 29), the Vicountesse Lisle, the Lady Herberd, the Lady Grey of Wilton, the Lady Ann Percye, the Lady Katherin Gourdon, the Lady of Burgavenny, the Lady Stourton, the Lady Dawbeney, the Lady Fitz Walter, the Lady Bray, the Lady Verney, the Lady Guildford, the Lady Capell, the Lady Petche.

Banneretts and Knights. Sir Edward Stanley, Sir Richard Guilford, Sir Thomas Lovell, Sir Richard Lews, Sir David Owen, Sir Walter Hungerford, Sir John Wingfeild, Sir Thomas Brandon, Sir William Tyler, Sir Edward Hungerford, Sir John Longford, Sir Gyles a Bruges, Sir Edward Stanhop, Sir John Digby, Sir John Petche, Sir William Vampage, Sir Rauf Verney, Sir William Seymour, Sir Robert Litton, Sir John Hufe, Sir Rowland Veilevyle, Sir William Rede, Sir Richard Cholmeley, Sir Rich. Andeborough, Sir Henry Roos, Sir Robert Clifford, Sir Richard Carew, Sir John Riseley.

The Antiquarian Repertory. The Sunday [12th February 1503] next following the corps (deceased) was removed from her Chamber to the Chappell [Map] in manner that followeth.

First there was The Abbott of Westminster (age 39) in pontificalibus with the Dean of the kings Chappell (age 63) and the whole company of the same fowr knights bearing the Canapye with great Number of Gentlemen which went two and two together on every syde of the prossion great Number of torches brening borne by the Kings and the Queens servants after them the Officers of Armes and the Greatest estates and other Lords their present layd their hands to the Corps the Lady Elizabeth Stafford (age 24) was that day principall Mourner and all the other Laides followed her two and two together in such most sadd and simplest Clothing that they had on their heads thredden kierchiefs hanging on their shoulders and close under their Chins and this daily until their slopps mantells hoodes and paris were made and Ordyned. And when the Corps was sett under the hearse in the Chapell [Map] Coverd with a rich Cloth of black velvet with a Crosse of Cloth of Gold. And an Officer of Armes in an high voice said for Queen EHzebeth soule and all Xtn souls Pater noster and every ...... and atoremus before the Collect Aminabus inlykewise.

That night and every Night following was ordyned a goodly watch both of men and Gentlewomen at the lest iiij gentlewomen ij [2] officers of Armes and vij yeomen and grooms. The gentlewomen were relieved with vj [6] ladies which continually did knele about the Corps.

Then the kings Chaplin began and Redd the sawter that done to the laudes and Commendations.

After that the Deane of the kings Chappell all the nobles officers of Armes other gentle and honest persons went to the great chamber for the Ladys to the Masse of Requiem.

Then was the Lady Catherin (age 23) sister of the noble Queene Cheif mourner led by the Earle of Surry (age 60) and Earle of Essex her train borne by the Lady Elizabeth Stafford accompanied also with all the other Laidies and Gentlewomen of the Court And when they were comen to the quier the foresaid vj Laides gave roome to there betters in tyme masse was done after which they continued their watch.

The Cheif Mourner kneled at the heade alone then an officer of Arms began for the Queene &c And so began the masse songen by the Abbot of Westminster at the Offringe the Lady was led by ij [2] of the greatest Estates there present and the lest gave her the offring having before her the Chamberlain and the Officers of Arms passing always by the Corps did their obeysance as before.

Then offered the other six Laides before any Estate ij [2] and ij [2] together then the greatest estates and all the Laides and Gentlewomen then all the other Laides and knights and squires with other Gentlemen. So this order as before was dayly kept as long as she was in the Tower every day in pontificalibus by a Bishop or an Abbott at the least as the next day by the Abbott of Barmsey The iij [3] by the Abbott Albones The iiijth by the Abbott of Winchcomb The v^th by the Abbott of Towerhill The vj^th by the Abbott of Stratford The vij^th day there was iij [3] solempne masses. The first of our lady sungen by the Abbott of Redyng att that masse offered a piece of Gold of xld for the masse pennye the principle Mourner and no other person The second masse songen by the bishop Landaffe and likewise at the masse none offered but she and then offered a piece of Gold of 5s. The iij^d Masse songen by the bishop of Norwigge and att that Masse she offered a Noble Then offered the Laides and the Nobles as before The viij^th day the service was done by the Bishop of Bangor The ix^th day by the Bishop of Exeter the xii day by the Bishop of Lincolne.

The Antiquarian Repertory. The Sunday [22nd February 1503]. That Masse done the Lords and Laides went to breakfast and in meane tyme the Corps was conveyd into the Chaire which was eniparralled as followeth:

First all the bayles sydes and Coffers were covered with black velvett and over all along of a prety depnes a Cloth of black velvett with a Crosse of White Cloth of gould well frindged drawn with vi [6] horses traped with black velvett and all the draught of the same.

And when the Corps was in the Chest there was Ordeyned an Image or a personage like a Queene Clothed in the very Roabes of Estate of the Queene having her very rich Crowne on her Head her heire about her shoulders her septer in her right Hand and her fingers well garnished with Gould and precious Stones.

And on every end of the Chair on the Coffer kneeled a Gentleman Usher by all the way to Westminster.

On the fore horse and the tyller ij [2] charriott men and on the other vij [7] horses iiij [4] henchmen in black gowns and mourning hood over their heads every horse having iiij [4] lozengs of the quenes Armes beaten in oyle rolled upon sarcenett with fine Gould and the fore horse having one on his forehead and none but he.

And by every horse there was a man of honour a foot with mourning hoods over their heads and at every corner of the Chaire a White banner of our Lady borne by a knight the banners were all White in token that she dyed in Childbed their wereordeyned and appoynted.

Certain knights and Esquires to go by the Chaire and the horse to beare the banner and every each to assist other whose names followeth S^r Edward Haward (age 27) S^r Henery Wylongby (age 52) S^r Thomas West (age 46) sonne and heir of the Lord Lavarres S^r Edward Darell (age 37) S^r John Petche (age 53) S^r George Manners (age 33) S^r Richard Carew (age 34) S^r Edward Wingfield S^r William Sands (age 68) Sr^r Raufe Verney (age 48).

Sir John Hodelston Sr John Rainsford William Denton Richard Wingfuld Raphe Dacre Xtofer Wylongby (age 22) Edward Guilford (age 29) William West John Gawge (age 23)

Also their were ordyned viij [8] palferys saddled traped and empelled with black velvett for the viij Laidesof honour to follow the Chaire that is to say the Lady Katherine (age 23) The Lady Elizebeth Stafford (age 24) The Countess of Essex [Note. Possibly Mary Saye Countess Essex and Eu (age 29) although she is believed to have married the Earl in 1512. The previous Countess of Essex Isabel York Countess Eu and Essex died in 1484.] The Lady Harbert (age 27) The Lady Lucey of Mountagne The Lady Anne Percy (age 17) The Lady Lisle The Lady Scrope of Upsall.

All these Laides Roode alone in their slopps and mantles every horse led with a man a foote without hood in a demy black gowne The ij [2] Chaire drawn with vi [6] horses trapped with Black Cloth and also covered with the same having iij [3] Charriott men in that Chaire was the Lady Anne The Lady Marquesse The Lady Daubeny and the Lady Clifford following the Chaire the horses empelled with black Cloth The Lady Dacres The Lady Verney The Lady Guilford The Lady Darell The Lady Egrernonnt The Lady Risseley The Lady Petche The Lady Bryan and in like manner the iij [3] Chaire in which was the Lady Gordon The Lady Fitzwater The Lady Monjoy and the Lady Bray following that Chaire Mrs Cromer Mrs Burn Mrs, Stafford Mrs Belknappe Mrs Weston Mrs Anne Browne Mrs Brent Mrs Yon Then iiijth Chaire emparelled as before in the which, was The Lady Pudsey Mrs Catesby Mrs Lary Mrs Tendringe Mrs Florence Bruges Mrs Balstrod Mrs Ffog Mrs Fitzharbert and Mrs Jones in the lyke manner as before was the vtb Chaire apperrelled in the Avhich was Mrs Dany Mrs Skilling Mrs Elizebeth Mrs. ITrancs.

Then after them the honest persons citizens of London on horseback in a great number after them the kings servants after them the Lords Servants in great number And from the foremost horse backward they were C of the Kings servants as Marshells servants yeomen and gromes with mourning hoods over their heads bearing a hundred of staffe torches of pure wax.

Here followeth the ordering before the Chaire through London to Westminster.

First next before the foremost horse of the first Chaire The Earle of Derby Constable of England Before him Garter andthe Maior of London The Queenes Chamberlain in manner between the Maior and the Lord Constable before them the Queens Confessor and Aumnoer and before them in manner as ensueth on the left syde the pression of London Also first next to the Corps the kings Chappell before them the quier of Poules and so forth on the same syde the generall pression of London in their ould Custome that is to say the Crossed fryers the white the Augustines and the black and in the middes as farr fourth as they might strydeing the cannells one after another in mourning habitt ijC poore men ewych bearing a weyghty torch.

The manner of the right syde next before the Confessor and aulmoner all the great Lords after there Estate ij [2] and ij [2] together and next before them ij [2] of the Cheif Judges and Mtr of the Rovvles before them knights of the Garter not lords before them the great Chapleines that be of dignitye as the secretary to the king almoner the Deane of York The archdeacon of Richmond The Dean of Windsor and such other Before them the Aldermen of London Before them all knights before them the squires for the Body before them Chapleines of dignitye before them gentlemen and squires before them The Esterlings before them the frenchmen before them the portingalls before them the Venetians before them the Jannayes before them the Lewknors before them the trumppetts and mynsterells on horseback without their instruments before them the messengers.

From Mark lane to Temple bar by estimation were beyond iiij or v thousand torches set all the street along of the parish Churches in there best manner with Crosses pressions and singing antam.es and orasons envyroned the Corps.

Att fanchers were set xxxvij [37] Virgins all in White linnen having Chappletts of white and grene on their heads eiiych houlding a breningtap of wax in the honour of our Lady and that the foresaid good quene was in xxxvij^th [37th] year.

Collectanea by John Leland. And hee beeing att Coliweston [Map] the 8th Day of the Monneth of Jully followyng [8th July 1503], gaffe hyr Licence, and made her to bee convayed vary noblely out of his sayd Realme; as more playnly shal be here folowving remembred, toward the right high and mighty and right excellent Prince Jamys, by the Grace of God, Kyng of Scotys, in followmg the good Luffe, fraternall Dilleccion, and Intelligence of Maryage betwix hym and the saide Quene, The Holly Ghost, by his Grace, wyl maynteyn them in long Prosperitie.

First, in the said Conveying, was ordonned by the Kyng, for Principali, th’ Erle of Surrey (age 60), Tresorer of Inglaund, varey noblely arayed, and all his Trayne. And also many Nobles, Lords, Knyghts, and Squyers in his Company, togeder with my Lady his Wyffe (age 26), accompaned of many Ladys and Gentyllwomen varey noblely arayed. Off the wich it was a fayre Syght, to the grette Joy of all Noblese, there to bee, to th’ Ende of the Performatyon of the said Maryage, and after the said Mariage made and accomplished, they returned.

With the said Quene was deputed Sir Rawff Vernell, hyr .... the wich well and noblely excersed his Office in the sayd Voyage, accompayned of my Lady his Wyffe, of many Gentylmen, Gentyllswomen, and others abidyng in Scotland, by the Space folowyng the good Plaisure of the Kyng.

also for the Conveiyng of the sayd Quene throowt Inglaund, ther was apoynted many grette Lords, Nobles, Knyghts, Ladyes, Squyers, Gentyllswomen, and oders, for to convay hyr fro Place to Place. Sum fourther thenne others, as they war ordonned by the Kyng, and sens to retorne ageyn.

In lykewys of the Nobles of the Countre, Governors of Townes, other Officers of the Lordschyps, Mayers, Sheryffes, Aldermen, Burgesses, and Citoyens of the goods Townes, thorough the witch she shiould passe, to make her all Honor and Reverence.

And after all this, of her Highness's Voyage thorough the Realme of Scotlaund, and of that witch shal be doon for the Recepcyon of her, schal be rehersed in lykewys.

Collectanea by John Leland. [8th July 1503] From the sayd Coleweston departed the sayd Quene (age 13) vary nobly acompaned, in fayre Order and Aray, of the sayd Lordes, Knights, Ladys, and others abouff sayd. Ther was in that Fellyship the Lords Marquis of Dorset (age 26), the Lord of Derby, Constable of Inglaund, and the Earl of Essex; the which conveyd her by the Space of one Mylle, and after they toke Licence in kissing her. And with them retorned many Noblemen to the sayd Coleweston.

After was ordenned to convey her from the sayd Place unto Yorke, the Earle of Kent (age 49), the Lords of Strange, of Hastyngs; and of Willougby, varey nobly arayd and acompanyd of theire Folks in Liveray and on Horses, rychely in Apparayll; of the wich Lords was a fayre Syght in all the Intryngs of good Townes. The sayd Lord of Hastyngs did marveyllously weell an Horseback in steryng of his Horse.

Also ther was to convey her from the sayd Place unto York, the Reverend Father in God my Lord the Bischop of Norwych, well accompayned and honnestly arayd.

In likewys there was in the Qwenys Company the Reverend Father in God my Lord the Bishop of Morrey, Embassador of the King of Scotts, well and honesty arayed, the wich thorough all the Voyage accompanyed the sayd Quene.

The Qwene was richly drest, mounted upon a faire Palfrey, and before her rode Sir Davy Owen, during all the sayd Voyage, richly appoynted. Thre Fotemen wer allwayes ny hyr varey honestly appoynted, and had in their Jaketts browdered Portecollys.

After her was convayed in Hand by a Gentleman, one Palfrey vary richly drest, till that Sir Thomas Worteley (age 70) came to hyr, the wich was ordonned Master of hyr Hors, and who from hensforth fullfilled the Office abouff sayde.

Next after was convayed by two Fotemen arayd as the others, one varey riche Lytere borne by two faire Coursers varey nobly drest. In the wich Litere the sayd Qwene was borne in the Intryng of the goods Townes, or otherways to her good Playsur.

Then came the Ladyes mounted upon fayre Pallefrays. Many Sqyers before them, and non others. Of the wich was a fair Sight, and nobly they were beseene.

Following came a Char richly drest, with sixe fayre Horsys leyd and convayd by thre Men, in the wich were iiij Ladyes, lastinge the sayd Voyage.

After that, came others Gentylls Women of the sayd Ladyes, mounted upon Pallefrays well appoynted.

Among the sayd Lords and the Qwene, was in Order Johannes and his Compayne, the Menstrells of Musick, the Trompetis in disployed Banneres, in all the Depattyngs of the Townes, and in the Intryng of that sam, playing on their Instruments to the Tym that she was past owt. The Ofiicers of Armes in their Cotts, and the Sergants of Armes with their Masses, were continually with her, lasting the layd

After thym came the Master of the Horfys of the sayd Quene, with others Gentilmen ordonned to make Space, that more playnly the sayd Quene and her Compagney might bee better sene. And this was contynewyng the seyd Voyage.

As to such Company as rode behind the Ladies, it was was fayr for to se. Soe well mounted and honestly drest, Each one of the same in the Liverays of their Masters, soe as they were had in Differences.

During the sayd Veyage, in the Morning departed the Caryage and the Sommers. Those of the sayd Quene covired with Covurynge whyt and grene, and the Armes of Scotlaund and of Inglaund halff perted with red Rosys and Portcollys cronned. And those of other Lords covired in lykewyse, and apon the Covurynge their Armes. The wich Thyng was a fayr Syght, for varry noble was the Convayyng.

Collectanea by John Leland. The XIIIIth Day of the Monneth [14th July 1503] the Quene (age 13) departed from the sayd Place, right noble accompaned, and the sayd Mayor, Aldermen, and Bourgesses were att the End of the Towne, without gowyng any fourther.

After that she drew to her Lodgyng at Pontfret, and seyve Mylle from thence cam to hyr Sir John Melton, well arayd, and with him eight Men well horsyd makyng Gambads. Also XIII Horse well appoynted of his Liveray.

Fore Mylle nyer to the sayd Place cam Sir William Gaskyn, having in hys Company many Gentylmen of his Hous, and others, to the Nomber of 100 Horsys well apoynted of his Liveray.

Att two Mylle nyer to the sayd Place Sir John Savyll mett hyr, to the Nomber of XIII Horsys well appoynted.

Item, many other noble Sqyers, and Gentilmen of Yorkshire, well mounted and appoynted, and their Servants also cam to hyr.

Att the Intryng of the sayd Pontfret was the Mayor alone on Horsback, with the Baylys, Bourges, and Habitants all a Foot, who resayved the sayd Queene as the other Precedents.

And ther was the College of the said Place, togeder with the Freres Jacobyns in Processyon, honnestly revested. This don, after the Custome before, she entred within the sayd Towne in fayre Ordre. The wich Thing was very fayre for to se with muche People of the sayd Towne, and of the Contre thereabout.

In the Midds of the fayd Towne wer the Religyous of the Trinite revested, and the Offring hyr the Crosse for to kiss was done by the sayd Bischop in such Manner as before.

And so shee past thorough the sayd Town, and thorough the Castell, to the Abbay [Map]. Wher th’ Abbot in Pontificalis, and all the Convent att the Porte of the Church, revested, resayved her. The wiche kissed the Crolfe, and entred within the sayd Church, where she maid her Prayers, and after went to her Lodginge within the sam Place for that Night.

Collectanea by John Leland. The 15th Day of the fayd Monneth [15th July 1503] the Quene (age 13) departed from Pontfret in faire Company, as at other Tymes before, the Mayor, Aldermen, Bourgesses, and Habitants conveying of her. And from thens she went to Dynner to Tadcaster [Map].

Att the Partyng after Dynner cam to hyr my Lord Latymer, and my Lady his Wyff, vary well apoynted, compayned of many Gentylmen and Gentylwomen, to the Nombre of Horses. Hys Folke arayd in his Liveray.

Out of the sayd Tadcaster cam the two Shriffs of the Citty of Yorke wellcomyng the Quene into ther Fraunchyses, in Company of many Officers of the Towne, and others, Bourges and Habitants well honnestly apoynted, and horst to the Nombre of III^xx Horfys. And two Mylle from the fayd Tadcaster cam to hyr the Lord Scroupp of Bolton, and the Lord Scroop of Upsal, his Sone, in Company of many Gentylmen well appoynted, and ther Folks, to the Nombre of XX Horsys of ther Liverays, well horsyd.

Fore Mylle from the sayd Towne mett the sayd Quene the Lady Conyars, nobly drest, and in hyr Company many Gentyllwomen and others honestly appoynted, to the Nombre of 60 Horsys.

Att two Mylle fro the sayd Cite cam toward the sayd Quene my Lord the Earle of Northumberland (age 25), well horst opon a fayr Corser, with a Foot Cloth to the Grounde of Cramsyn Velvett, all borded of Orsavery; his Armes vary rich in many Places uppon his Saddle and Harnays, his Sterrops gylt, hymselfe arayd of a Gowne of the said Cramsyn. At the Opnyngs of the Slyves and the Coller, a grett Bordeur of Stones. His Boutts of Velvett blak, his Spours gylt, and in many Places he maid Gambads, plaisant for to see. Allwayes ny to him wer two Fotemen. Ther Jackets of that sam as before to hys Devyses.

Before hym hee had 3 Hensmen rychly drest, and mounted apon fayr Horsys, their short Jakets of Orsavery, and the Harnays of the sayd Horsys of the same. After them rode the Maister of his Horse, arayd of his Liveray of Velvyt, inonted apon a gentyll Horse, and Campanes of Silver and gylt, and held in his Haund an other fayr Corser. Of all Thyngs hys Harnays apoyntted as before is sayd.

Wyth hym in hys Company war many noble Knights; that is to weytt, Sir John Hastyngs, Sir John Penynton, Sir Lancelot Thirlekeld, Sir Thomas Curwen, Sir John Normanville, Syre Robert of Aske, all Knyghts arayd of hys sayd Liveray of Velvet, with some Goldsmyth Marke, and grett Chaymes, and war well mounted. Some of ther Horse Harnes war full of Campanes, Sum of Gold and Silver, and the others of Syiver.

also ther was hys Officer of Armes, named Northumberland Harault, arayed of his said Liveray of Velvet, berring hys Cotte, sens the mettyng tyll to hys Departyng, thorough all the Entryng and Yssbe of good Townes and Citez.

Also other Gentylmen. in such wys arayd of hys said Liveray. Same in Velvet, others in Damaske and Chamlett, and others in Cloth, well inonted, to the Nombre of Thre hundreth Horsys.

A Mylle owte of the said Cite, the said Quene apoynted hyr in hyr Horse Litere, rychely befene, her Ladies and Gentihvoynen ryght freshly arayd. All the Nobles, Lordes, Knyghts,, Gentylmen, and others of her Company, wer apoynted in so good Manere and so ryche, that it was a goodly Sight for to beholde.

At the Entryng of the Soubarbes war the IIIJ Ordres of Mendicants in Processyon before hyr.

In the Stat as before, in fayr Ordre, she entred in the fayd Cite, Trompetts, Mynstrells, Sakebowtts, and High Wods retentyssynge, that was fayr for to here. Cotts of Armes open, ryche Masses in Haunds, Horsys of Desyr, and noble Kerts delibered.

Collectanea by John Leland. The next Day, that was Sonday XVIth Day of the said Monneth [16th July 1503], the said Quene (age 13) remayned in the said Towne of York. At Ten of the Clok that Day she was couveyed to the Church, with the sayd ArchByschop, the Byschops of Durham, Morrey, and Norrwysche, the Prelates before mentioned, and other honourable Folks of the Churche, my Lord of Surrey (age 60), the Lord hyr Chammerlayn, and other Nobles, Knyghts, Squyers, and Gentylmen, and the said Mayre, Aldermen, and Scheryffes, to the Nomber of Two hundreth and more: With hyr wer Ladies and Gentylwomen of hyr Company, and Straungers, to the Nombre of XL. And so was shee conveyed to the Church. It was a fair Syght for to see the Company fo rychly apoynted.

Thus nobly was she conveyd into her Travers, wher before her was an Awter drest of many ryches and noble: Jewells, and an hygh Awter in lykewyse. And ther she heard Masse in the mean tyme that the said ArchByschop maid hymselfe redy.

After the sayd Masse, begonne the Processyon generall, varey fayr. Ther war fyrst, the Crossys and the Colleges, vested of varey rych Copys. After them came the Souffragan, Subdyacon, the Abbot of Saunte Mary, Dyacon, the Crosse borne before the Archbyschop, and with him the Byschop of Durham, all in Pontificalis.

After them cam the following Lords rychly apoynted, the Lord Wylleby, Lord Scroup and hys Son, the Lord Latymer, the Lords Hastyngs, th Erle of Kent (age 49) and hys Son, the Lord Straunge, th Erle of Northumberland (age 25), the Byschops of Morray and of Norrwych, the Lord Maire, th’ Erle of Surrey, the Lord Chamberlayn, the Officers of Armes, and the Sergents.

Then cam the Quene rychly arayde in a Gowne of Cloth of Gold, a ryche Coller of precyouses Stones, and a Gyrdle wrought of fin Gold hauntyng don to the Yerth. The Countesse of Surrey (age 26) bare her Trayne, a Gentleman Huyscher [usher] helpyng her. After hyr cam the Ladyes and Gentylwomen as before, varey rychly drest in goodly Gownys, grett Collers, grett Chaynnes, Gyrdles of Gold, and other Richesses.

After hyr followed the Nobles, Knyghts, Gentylmen, and Squyers, in fayr Aray, honnestly apoynted, having grett Chaynnes upon them. The said Church was so full of honnesty Personnes, Ladyes, and Gentylwomen of the said Towne, and many other People, in so grett Nombre, that it would be impossible for them to be nombred. But so good Ordre there was, that none Cry, ne Noyse was maid.

The Erle of Northumberland was arayd of a varey ryche Gowne of Cloth of Gold. Hys Thre Gentylmen of Honor wer drest with longe Jakets full of Orsavery, very rychly wrought with hys Devyses, as wer likewys hys Folks.

Alter the Processyon doon, begonne the Hygh Masse by the said ArchByschop, the wich was slalied, as the Custome is to do. In Company of hym wer the said Abbot and Souffragan, with others honnorable Personnes of the Churche, and they sange the Servyce of the said Masse, in the Chappelle of my said Lord of Northumberlaund, with much Solemnity.

At the Hour of the Offretory, the said Quene was brought. to the Offrynge in the Presence of the said Prelats, Lords, and others, Knyghts, Squyers, and Gentylmen. And whenne she had offred she retourned agayn. Then every Man went agayn in hys Place as before, and the said Erle of Surrey gaffe to hyr hyr Offryng.

The Masses doon, the Quene was by the said Company presedente, in fayr Aray and Ordre, brought ageyn to the Pallays. And within the grett Chammer, was presented before hyr my Lady the Countesse of Northumberlaund (age 26), well accompanyd of many Knyghts and Gentylmen, Ladyes and Gentylwomen, the Qwene kyssyng hyr in the Welcomynge. And as soon as she was com in hyr Chammer, she begonne to-dynne. Trompetts and other Instruments rang to the Auncyenne Manere, lastyng the said Dynner.

The said Archbyschop held open Hows, in makyng good Cher to all comyng togeder. My Lord the Mayre and the Scheryffs did so, as I raporte me to them that was ther present.

Collectanea by John Leland. The XIXth Day of the said Monneth [19th July 1503] the Qwene departed from Allerton, in fayr Aray and noble Companyd; and Syr James Straungwysch, Knyght, Sheryff of the said Lordschyp for the said Bischop, mett hyr welle acompanyd.

After sche drew to Darneton [Map], to hyr Bed. And Thre Mylle from the said Place cam to hyr the Lord Lomley and hys Son, acompanyd of many Gentylmen and others, well apoynted. Ther Folks arayd with their Liveray, and well monted, to the Nombre of IIIJ^xx Horsys.

At the Village of Hexham¹ she was mett by Sir Rawf Bowes and Syre William Aylton, well appointed, with a fayr Company arayd in their Liverays, to the Nombre of XL Horsys, well apoynted and well horst.

In the said Place of Hexham was the said Queen receyved with the Abbasse and Religyonses, with the Crosse without the Gatt. And the Byschop of Durham gaffe hyr the sayd Crosse for to kisse.

At Two Mylle ny to the said Towne of Darneton, mett the Qwene, Syr William Boummer, Sheriff of the Lordship of Durham. In Company with hym was Syr William Ewers, and many other Folks of Honor of that Contre, in fayr Ordre, well appoynted of Liverays, and horst; to the Nombre of Six score Horfys.

By the said Company was sche conveyde to Darnton. And at the Gatt of the Church of the said Place, war revested the Vicayr and Folks of the Church, wer doing as sche had done on the Dayes before, sche was led to the Manayer of the said Byschop of Dnrham [Map], for that Nyght.

Note 1. 'Hexham'. Location uncertain.

Collectanea by John Leland. The XXth Day of the said Monneth [20th July 1503] the Quene (age 13) departed from Darnton in fayr Aray, and with the precedente Company went to the Town of Durham. A Mylle out of the said Towne, cam before hyr Syr Richard Stanley and my Lady his Wyffe, accompanyd of Gentlemen and Gentlewomen varey well appoynted, hys Folks arayd in hys Livery, to the Nombre of L Horsys, v/ell mounted.

Then the Quene prepared hyrselfe to enter into the said Towne, and every ychon in lyk wys, in fayr Aray, and rychely, after the Manere acostomed. In specyall th Erle of Northumberlaund (age 25) ware on a goodly Gowne of Tynfill, fourred with Hermynes¹. He was mounted upon a fayr Courser, hys Harnays of Goldsmyth Warke, and thorough that sam was sawen small Bells that maid a mellodyous Noyse, without sparing Gambads. Hys Gentylmen of Honor and hys Company wer well appoynted.

At the Intryng of the said Towne, and with in, in the Streytts and in the Wyndowes was so innumerable People, that it was a fayr Thing for to se. And in fayr Ordre she was conveyd to the Church, the Officers of Armes, Sergeants of Armes, Trompetts, and Mynstrells going before her.

At the Gatt of the Church [Durham Cathedral [Map]] was my Lord the Byschop of the sayd Place, and my Lord the Prior, revested in Pontificalis, with the Convent all revested of ryches Copps, in Processyon, with the Crossys. And ther was apoynted a Place for to kisse them.

Then the sayd Processyon departed in Ordre, and all the Noblesse in lyke wys, to the Church, in whiche ny to the Fount was a ryche Awter, adorned of ryches Jwells and precyowses Relikes, the wich the said Bischop delivered to the said Qwene to kiss. And by the Erle of Surrey (age 60) was gyffyn hyr Offrynge. After this sche was noble conveyd to the Castell, wher her Lodging was prepared and drest honnestly. And every ychon retourned agayn to hys Repayre.

Note 1. 'fourred with Hermynes i.e. furred with ermines. Ermine in heraldry is a fur consisting of a white background with a pattern of black shapes representing the winter coat of the stoat with white fur and a black-tipped tail.

Collectanea by John Leland. The XXIIIIth Day of the said Monneth [24th July 1503] the Qwene departed from Durham, acompayned of hyr noble Company, as she had beene in the Dayes past, in fayr Manere and good Ordre, for to com to the Towne of the New Castell [Map]. Thre Mylle fore thens came to her the Prior of Tynemouth, well apoynted, and in hys Company XXX Horsys. Hys Folks in hys Liveray. And ther was in lyk wys Syr Rawff Harbotell Knyght, richly apoynted, well mounted, and hys Folks in hys Liveray to the Nombre of XL Horsys.

At the Intrynge of the said Towne of New Caftell, the Qwene apoynted hyr, and intred in noble Astat. Ich Lord and others tuke newe Horsys rychly apoynted, in special th’ Erle of Northumberland (age 25), as in the Manere of the Entrynge of York, and hys Folks in lyke wys.

Upon the Bryge cam in Processyon rychly revested the College of the said Towne, and with them the Freres Carmelets and Jacobins with the Crossys, the wich war gyffen to the sayd Qwene to kysse, as before, by the Archbyschop.

After them was the Mayr of the said Towne, acompayned of the Scheryffes and Aldermen, well apoynted, on Foot. The wich receyved the said Qwene honorably: And after the Receyvynge the said Mayr monted on Horseback, beryng his Masse [mace] before hyr.

At the Bryge End, apon the Gatt, war many Children, revested of Surpeliz, syngyng mellodiously Hympnes, and playing on Instruments of many Sortes.

Within the said Towne, by Ordre, the Bourges and Habitaunts war honnestly apoynted. The Streytts were hanged, and the Wyndow Loupps, Topps, and Schipps war so full of People, Gentylmen and Gentylwomen, in so grett Nombre that it was a Playsur for to se. But they maid non Sound of Artyllery and Ordinance.

In such Statt and fayr Aray was the said Qwene brought and conveyd to the Freres Austyns [Map], wher she was lodged, and honestly receyved by thos revested with the Crosse, in the Manere as it is rehersed before. And when she was brought to hyr Lodgyng every Men drew hym to hys awn.

Collectanea by John Leland. The XXIXth Day of the sayd Monneth [29th July 1503] the said Qwene departed from Alnewyk, for to go for Barrwyk, and at Half of the Way, named Belleford, she bayted. For SyrThomas Darcy, Capittayne of the said Barrwicke, had maid rady hyr' Dynner at the said Place very well and honnestly.

For that the said Maister Henry Grays abouffe named is Sheryffe of Ellaund Shyre and Northumberland Shyre, he bore his Rod before the said Qwene, sens the Entrynge of the said Lordschips, to Barrwyk.

Betwyx Alnewyk and Barrwyk cam to the Qwene Maister Rawff Wodryngton, having in hys Company many Gentylmen well appoynted. His Folks arayd in Liveray, well horsed, to the Nomber of an hundreth Horsys.

At the Comyng ny to Barrwyk was shot Ordonnounce, the wiche was fayr fer to here. And ny to the sayd Place the Qwene drest hyr. And Ichon in fair Aray, went she on after the other in fayyr Ordre.

At the Entrynge of the Bryge was the said Capitaine well apoynted, and in hys Company hys Gentylmen and Men of Armes, who receyved the said Qwene into the said Place.

At the tother End of the Bryge toward the Gatt, was the Maister Marshall compayned of hys Company, Ichon bearing a Staffe in hys Haund.

After hym was the College revested with the Crosse, the wiche was gyffen hyr for to kysse by th Archbifshop as before.

At the Gatt of the said Towne was the Maister Porter, with the Gard and Soyars of the said Place, in a Row well apoynted. Ichon of those had an Haiiebarde or other Staffe in his Haund, as the others. And apon the said Gatt war the Mynslraylls of the sayd Capltayn, playnge of their Instruments.

In the Midds of the said Town was the Maistre Chamberlayn, and the Mayre, acompayned of the Bourges and Habitaunts of the said Place, in rayre Ordre, and well apoynted.

In such fayr Ordre and Company she was conveyd and brought to the Castell [Map], wher she was receyved by the Lady D’arcy honnestly accompayned.

Collectanea by John Leland. [1st August 1503] At the Comyng ny to Lambertonkerke, ther was for to receyve hyr of the Parte of the Kinge of Scotts, the Ryght Reverend Father in God my Lord the Archbischop of Glasco, and the Counte, both well acompayned with many Lordes, Knyghts, Gentylmen, and Squyers, honestly apoynted, with Jaketts alonly of Velvet, of Damaske, and of Charolett, and war ali a Foot in Ordre, with grett Multitude of People apoynted, and mounted after the Manere of the Countre, of Jakets. Sum had theyr Armes armed apon theyr Jackeis. My Lord the Bischop of Morrey strongly did his Devor at the Semlynge of the two Partes. And ther war fyve Trompets or Claryons of the said Kinge, that blew at the Comming of the said Qwene. The wiche Mellodye was good to here and to se.

Before the said Scottysmen passed the Lords, Knyghts, and Gentlemen, makynge Gambaudes to the grett Gowre. And when the Qwene was come, the said Byschop of Morrey (age 38), the said Archbishop, and the said Counte avaunced toward hyr, and they knellyng downe to the Grownde, mayd the Receyvinge. Ther war in Presence, th Arch Bischop of York (age 54), the Bischop of Durham, and th Erle of Surrey (age 60). After thys, sche was brought to the Pavyllon ordonned for Recreacyon, and ny to that sam, sche was helped downe, and kyssed of the sayd Lordes, and by them she was brought to the Pavyllon, wher no body entred, except the Lordes and Ladyes: And within the sam was a Lady of the Countie clothed with Scarlatte, with Gentylwomen apoynted after ther Gyse, who had brought sum new Fruytts.

Ny to that sam Pavyllon war other thre. The one for the Pannetry, the tother for the Boutry, the tother for the Kytchin; and ther ichon delibered hymfelse to make good Chere and Drynk. For ther was Plante of Bred and Wyne, that ichon was countente.

After the Receyvynge doon, ichon putte hymfelse ageyn in Ordre, and the Qwene monted on Horsebak. The said Lord of Northumberlaun (age 25) maid his Devor at the Departynge, of Gambads and Lepps, as did likewise the Lord Scrop the Father, and many others that retorned ageyn, in takynge ther Congie. And of the Compame abydynge, the Qwene was conveyed to hyr Lodgynge at Fast Castell [Map], wher she was welcomd by the Lord of the said Place, and of the Ladie, Suster of the said Byschop of Morrey.

The Company was lodged in the Abbay of Codyngham [Map], and in the Towne, wher was ordonned Mett and Drynke for them, and also Liveray for ther Horsys, of Hay and Otts, ychon to hys Quantyte.

The Nomber of the Scotts at the Mettynge of the said Qwene war by Estimacyon a thousand Personnes, wherof ther myght be V C. Horsys of the thousand, of grett Prece and well apoynted. And of the Company passynge thorough with hyr to the Reyme of Scotland, war in Nombre betwixt V and VI C. well horsed and apoynted.

Collectanea by John Leland. The First Day of August [1st August 1503] the Qwene departed fro Barwick for to go to Lambertoukerke in varrey fair Company, and well appoynted.

First, of the said Archbyschops and Bischops, th Erles of Surrey (age 60) and of Northumberlaund (age 25), the Lord Dacres, the Lord Scroop and hys Son, the Lord Gray, the Lord Latemer, the Lord Chamberlain, Maister Polle, and other Nobles and Knyghts. The young Gentylmen wer well apoynted at thelr Devises, and ther was soumuch of Cloth of Gold, as of other ryche Rayments. Their Horsys frysks in Harnays of the Selfe: And apon thos Orfavery, sum others had Campanes gylt, the others Campanes of Sylver. Gambads at Plasur, that it was a fayr Thyng for to se.

The sayd Erle of Northumberlaund was varey well mounted, hys Horse rychly appoynted, hys Harnays of Gold in Brodeux, hymselse in a Jakette betten of Gold, well wrought In Goldsmith Werke, and Brodery, and in a Cloke of Porple borded of Cloth of Gold, Hys Hensmen appoynted as before mentioned. Incontinently before hym rode the Maister of his Horse, conveying the sam thre Hensmen arayd in Jaketts ali of Orsavery and Brodery, and ther Harnays of their Horsys in such wys of Orfavery and Brodery, full of small Bells that maid a grett Noyse. After thos cam a Gentylman ledyng in hys Haund a Corser covered to the Grownde of a varey rych Trapure betten of Gold of Orsavery and Brodery in Orannge. And ichon of the sam a gren Tre in the Manere of a Pyne, and maid the said Lord Pannades, and they weyited. varey honestly.

After cam the said Qwene varey rychly arayde and enorned with Gold and precyous Stones, setting in hyr Lytere rychly apoynted. Her Fotemen alwayes ny to hyr well apoynted. Hyr Pallefrey folowynge after hyr well apoynted, led by Syre Thomas Worteley (age 70), Maister of hyr Horse. After hyr, Ladyes and Gentylmen varey nobly and richly apoynted, and monted apon fayre Pallefreys, and their Harnays ryche in Appareyll.

After cam hyr Char rychly apoynted, fournysched of Ladyes and Gentyhvomen well apoynted, and after that, sum other Gentyhvomen on Horsebak honorably apoynted.

The sayd Cappitayne of Barrwyk, and my Lady hys Wyffe, acompayned of many Gentylmen and Gentyhvomen rychly arayd, and clothed of a Liveray, went with the said Qwene to Edenburghe.

Before the said Qwene war by Ordre, Johannes and hys Company, and Henry Glascebery and hys Company, the Trompetts, Officers of Armes, and Sergeants of Masse, so that at the Departyng owt of the said Barrwyk, and at hyr Bedward at Lambertoukerke, it was a joy for to see and here.

In such Stat and Aray the said Qwene cam out of Barrwyk. Ichon by Ordre, the Lordes and Nobles three and thre togeder, to the said Lambertonkerke, and the Company behind well apoynted and in fayr Aray, that it was estimed that ther war of the Parte of the said Qwene XVIIJ C. or two M. Horsys ali well apoynted.

Collectanea by John Leland. The IIJd Day of the said Monneth [3rd August 1503] the Qnene departed from the said Abbay wher sche and her Company had grett Chere, and in fayr Aray and Ordre past thorough the said Towne of Hadington, wher sche was sen of the People in grett Myrthe. And from that sche paffed to hyr Lodyngs to Acquik [Dalkieth].

Half a Mylle ny to the said Towne sche apoynted hyr rychly, and hyr Ladyes and Lordes, and others of hyr Company did the same, and in fayr Ordre entred into the Castell [Map], wher cam before hyr without the Gatt the Lord of the said Place called the Counte of Morton, honnestly apoynted and acompayned of many Gentylmen in presentynge hyr the Kees of the said Castell. And she was wellcomed as Lady and Maistresse.

Betwyxt the two Gatts was the Lady Morton (age 31) acompayned of Gentylmen and Ladyes. The wiche kneeled downe, and the said Qwene toke hyr up, and kyssed hyr, and so she was conveyd to hyr Chammer within the said Castell, the wich was well ordonned and a strong Place.

After that sche was come and well apoynted, and also hyr Lordes, Ladyes, Knyghts, Gentylmen and Gentylwomen, the Kynge cam arayd of a Jakette of Cramsyn Velvet borded with Cloth of Gold. Hys Lewre behinde hys Bake, hys Beerde somthynge long, acompayned of the Rlght Reverend Father in God my Lord th Arch Bischop of Saunte Andrews (age 27), Brother of the said Kynge, and Chaunceller of Scotlaunde, the Bischop of Caslenate, the Erls of Huntley, Argyle (age 54), and Lennos, and the Lord Hambleton (age 28), Cousin of the said Kyng, with many others, Lordes, Knyghtes, and Gentylmen, to the Nombre of LX Horsys.

The King was conveyd to the Qwenes Chamber, wher she mett hym at her grett Chamber Dore, right honorable acompayned. At the Mettynge he and she maid grett Reverences the one to the tother, his Hed belng bare, and they kyssed togeder, and in lykwys kyssed the Ladyes, and others also. And he in especiall welcomed th Erle of Surrey (age 60) varey hertly.

Then the Qnene and he went asyd and commoned togeder by long Space. She held good Manere, and he bare heded during the Tym, and many Courteyfyes passed. Incontynent was the Bord sett and served. They wasched their Haunds in humble Reverences, and after, sett them downe togeder wher many good Devyses war rehersed.

After the Soupper they wasched ageyn, with the Reverences, Mynstrells begonne to blowe, wher daunced the Qwene, acompayned of my Lady of Surrey (age 26). This doon, the Kynge tuke Licence of hyr, for yt was latte, and he went to hys Bed at Edinborg varey well countent of so fayr Metting, and that hee had found the fayr Company togader.

At the Castell and Abbay of Newbottell, halfe a Mille thens, was ordonned Mett and Drynke by the Space of foure Dayes that she was ther, with Liveray of Horsys, as in the Places beforsaid.

Collectanea by John Leland. The IIIJth Day of the said Monneth [4th August 1503] the Qwene abode at the said Caftell, the wiche had grett Fest. Att foure of the Clok, after Dynner, the Archbyschopes of Yorke (age 54) and of Glasco, the Byschop of Durham, the Erle of Surrey (age 60), and th Erle Bothwell (age 51), acompayned of many others, Lordes, Knights, and Gentylmen, went to mett the Kynge, the wich was commyng for to se the Qwene ageyn, and to comforte hyr of sum Losse that she had had the Nyght before, by Fortune of Fyer, of her Pallefreys.

The Kynge fiyinge as the Bird that fyks hyr Prayr, tuke other Waye, and cam prively to the said Castell, and entred within the Chammer with a small Company, wher he founde the Qyvene playinge at the Cardes. At the Entrynge, the Qwene avaunced hyr toward hym in receyvinge hym varey gladly, and of Good Wyll kyssyng hym, and after he gaffe Salut to the Ladyes and Company presente.

In Commonynge togeder, cam the sam Lordes here abousse named, to whom the Kynge did Reverence, his Bonnett in hys Hannd, in specyall to the Arch Byschop of York, and to the Byschop of Durham, in welcomynge them. After som Wordes rehersed betwyx them, the Mynstrells begonne to play a basse Daunce, the wich was daunced by the said Qwene and the Countesse of Surrey (age 26).

After thys doon, tha-y playde a Rownde, the wich was daunced by the Lorde Gray ledynge the said Qwene acompayned of many Lordes, Ladyes, and Gentylwoemen. After was brought Wyn and Bred to the Kynge, the wiche tuke the Bred, and thereof served the said Qwene. Lykwys the Coupp of wich he fyrst servyd hyr. And after all, the Companv presente draunke also.

Incmntynent the Kynge begonne before hyr to play of the Claryeordes, and after of the Lute, wiche pleasyd hyr varey much, and she had grett Plaisur to here hym.

Apon the said Clarycorde Sir Edward Stannely playd a Baliade, and sange therwith, wiche the Kynge commended right muche. And incountynent hee called a Gentylman of hys that colde synge weil, and mayd them synge togeder, the wiche accorded varey well.

Afterward the said Sir Edward Stannely and two of hys Servaunts sange a Baliade or two, wherof the Kynge gave hym good Thaunke.

After all thyse Thyngs fullfylled, the Kynge tuke Licence of the Qwene, and kydded hyr, and also of all hyr noble Company, and went to hys Horse, on whom he did lepe, withont puttynge the Fowt within the Sterrop. And the said Horse was a right fayr Courser, and incontynent the King sporred, follow who myght. He was arayd of a Jakette of blak Velvett borded of the Selfe, and the Lists of the said Bordeur wer of cramsyn Veluyt, fourred with whytt.

The Erle of Surrey, acompayned of many Lordes, Knyghts, and others, folowed after, the wiche when the Kinge knew, he torned schortly, barre heded, and cam toward th’ Erle. And they rode a lityyl togeder in Spekynge, and after th’ Erle tuke Licence of hym, and retorned ageyn.

Collectanea by John Leland. The VIth Day of the sayd Monneth [6th August 1503] that was the Sonday, the Qwene was conveyd in fayr Ordre, and Company of her Lordes, Knyghts, Ladyes, Gentylmen, and Gentylwomen to Masse, unto the Chappelle of the said Castell. Ther sche was acompayned of the Lady of the said Place in a Gowne of Cloth of Gold eged with Letyces, Ermynes, and hyr Gentylwomen arayde after the Gyle of the Countrey. And ther was a Sermon of one of the Qbservance.

After the Masse she was conveyd ageyn into hyr Chammer in the Manere before said, wher she satt at Dinner, and beneath the Table, at the lowest Place, the said Lady of the said Place, and the Countesse of Surrey (age 26) with hyr. An other Table was full of Ladies, and lastynge the said Dinner they blew Trompetts, Mynstrells, and Sakeboutts.

After the Dinner, incontynent the Mynstrells of the Chamraer begon to play, and then daunced the Qwene and the Countesse of Surrey, the Vicountesse Lille, and the Daughter of the said Place. And thys doon, they past the Tyme at Games, and in commonyng.

The sam Day at the Houre of Soupper, cam the Kinge, as the Custome precedente, acompayned of the Lords of the Day precedente, and others, to the Nombre of XL Horfys, he being mounted upon a Mewlle. When he entred within the Chammer of the said Qwene, that knewe of his commyng, they kyssed togeder without sparing Cortasy, and to the Ladyes gaffe Salutes. And after, they went asyd in commonyng, to the Tyme that all Thyngs war rady for the Soupper.

Incontynent they watched their Haunds, and satt in the Manere before, allwayes served of the Gentylmen of the Qwene. Ther soupped with them the Byschop of Morrey (age 38), the Erle (age 60) and Countesse of Surrey, the Lady of the said Place, and the Lady Nevill.

After Soupper the Minstrells played, and the Qwene daunced, and after the Kynge tuke Licence, and went to Edenbourgh. He had on a demy Gowne of blak Velvett fourred with Marten, and the Remanent of his Arayment all black.

Collectanea by John Leland. The VIIth Day of the Monneth [7th August 1503] in the Morninge, the Kynge sent to the Qwene new Pallefrays, all appoynted after their Guise. And at the Hour acoustumed, she departed from the said Dacquick nobly acompayned, and in fayr Aray and Ordre, as before is many Tymes said: The Qwene was placed in her Litere, varey rychly enorned, and had on a ryche Gowne of Cloth of Gold, with a Pursill of black Velvet, and a rich Coller of Perle and Stone.

The Lords, as well Spiritualis as Temporalis, Knyghts, and Gentylmen, wer varey rychely appoynted, the most Parte in Gownes of cramfyn Velvett. The Lord Grays Hors was hussed, the said Husse maid by Cantons of cramsyn Velvett. Those of others wer of Thred of Gold broched, and others had Ermynes, abouff all sawen of Orsavery. The other yong Gentylmen wer apointed after the Manere of the Ysshew of Barrwyk.

After the Quene (age 13) was conveyd hyr Pallefrey of Honnor by Syr Thomas Worteley (age 70). Also hyr Ladyes and Gentylwomen war varey rychely apoynted and monted, that it was a fayr Syght. After them cam the Char, and after that other Gentylwomen. The Company was in fayr Ordre, as at other Tymes before.

A Mylle from Dacquick the Kynge sent to the Qwene, by a Gentylman, a grett tame Hart for to have a Corse; bot because the Kynge was ny, the Erle of Surrey (age 60) answerd, that the said Hert should be brought ageyn toward the Kynge, that they myght both be at the said Course, and so it was doon.

Half of the Way, the Kyng cam to mett hyr monted apon a Bay Horse, rennynge as he wolde renne after the Hayre, acompayned of many Gentylmen. The said Horse was trapped in a demy Trappure of Cloth of Gold. Apon the Neck was a Frange of Thred of Gold. The Sadle and the Harnays wer of that sam, except the Harnayes of the Hed, that was of Sylver, and gylt. Grett Boutons with Lupps of Thred of Gold, as well to the said Trappure, as to the Brydle. Hys Sterrops gylt.

The Kynge ware a Jakett lyke to the Trappure. The Lystes of the said Bordeur wer of Pourple Velvett fourred with fyne blak Bougy, his Doublet of Violet Sattin, his Hossys of Scarlatt, hys Schert bounde abouffe of fyn Pierrery iand Perles, hys Spourrys gylt and long. At the Commyng towardes the Qwene he maid hyr varey humble Obeyssannce in lepynge downe of hys Horse, and kyssed hyr in hyr Litere. This doon, he monted ageyn, and ychon being put in Ordre as before, a Gentylman Husscher bare the Swerde before hym. The said Swerde covered with a Scabard of Pourple Velvett, wich was written apon with Perles, God my Deffende. The lyke on the Pommell, and the Crosse, with the Chap also.

After hym cam th Archbyschop of Glasco, the Bishop of Morrey (age 38), and the Erle Bothwell (age 51), acompayned of many Gentylmen, and honnest Personnes. The said Erle bare the Swerde at the Entreng of the Towne of Edenbourgh, and had on a long Gowne of blak Velvett fourred with Marten.

The Kynge beynge allwayes ny to the Qwene in devysing with her, ther cam a Gentylman that bronght hym a Courser, his Harnays of Cloth of Gold, and of cramsyn Velvett interlassed all about of whytt and red. Apon the Horse was a Page in a Jakett of blew Damaske, upon the wiche Horse the Kyng monted, with out puttynge the Foot within the Sterrop, in the Presence of them all. After he caused the said Gentylman to monte behinde hym, for to assay iff his Courfer wolde berr byhynd or not.

Bot because that he was not drest, he cam downe of his said Horse, and monted upon the Pallefroy of the said Qwene, and the saide Quene behinde hym, and so rode thorow the said Towne of Edenburgh.

Ny thereby was in Ordre the Lord Hamylton (age 28), Cozyn of the saide Kynge, with many other Lords, Knyghts, and Gentylmen, to the Nombre of two hundreth Horsys well apoynted. Sum in Jaketts of Cloth of Golde, of Velvetty and of Damaske, figured of Golde, and of many Colours. In lyke wys others wer in Jakets of Chamlett, and many of thos wore varey good Chaynnes.

And by hym rode the Master of hys Horse, named Companes Gascon, varey well appoynted, conveying seyve yong Gentylmen of Honor, arayd of Jaketts half parted of Cloth of Gold figured, and of blew Velvett, monted upon Coursers, and others honnestly appoynted.

The Company abouffe said wer commaunded by the Kynge, that they schould not goe before, bot only in the Company of the sayd Qwene, that it might be seen that shee was well acompayned, and rychly.

Halfe a Mylle ny to that, within a Medewe, was a Pavillon, wherof cam owt a Knyght on Horsbak, armed at all Peces, havyng hys Lady Paramour that barre his Horne. And by Avantur, ther cam an other also armed, that cam to hym, and robbed from hym hys sayd Lady, and at the absenting blew the said Horne, wherby the said Knyght understude hym, and tourned after hym, and said to hym, wherfor hast thou this doon? He answerd hym, what will you, say therto? — I say, that I will pryve apon thee, that thou hast doon Owtrage to me. The tother demaunded hym if he was armed? He said ye, well then, said th’other, preve the a Man, and doo thy Devoir.

In such Manere they departed, and went to take their Sperys, and renne without stryking of the same. After the Course they retourned with their Swerdes in their Haunds, and maid a varey fayr Torney: And the Caller caused the Swerd for to fall of the Defender. Notwithstanding, the Caller caused to gyfte hym ageyn his Swerd, and begon ageyn the said Torney of more fayre Manere; and they did well ther Devor, tyll that the Kynge cam hymselfe, the Qwene behynd hym, crying Paix, and caused them for to be departed. After this the King called them before hym, and demaunded them the Cause of ther Difference. The Caller sayd, Syre, he hath taken from me my Lady Paramour, whereof I was insurte of hyr by Faith. The defender answered, Syre, I schall defend me ageynst hym apon thys Cas: Then sayd the Kynge to the sayd Defender, brynge youre Frends, and ye schall be appoynted a Day for to agre you. Wheroff they thaunked hym, and so every Men departed them for to drawe toward the said Towne. The Names of thos war Sir Patryk Hamilton, Brother of the said Lord abouffe said, and Patryk Synklar, Esquyre; and ther was com grett Multitude of People for to se thys.

Half a Mylle from thens was the said Hert, the wich the Kynge caused to be losed, and put a Greyhond after hym that maid a fayr Course; bot the said Hert wanne the Towne, and went to hys Repayre.

Ther war many honest People of the Town, and of the Countre aboute, honnestly arayd all on Horsbak, and so by Ordre the King and the Qwene entred within the said Towne. At the Entrynue or that same cam in Processyon the Grey Freres, with the Crosse and sum Relicks, the wich was presented by the Warden to the Kynge for to kysse, bot he wold not before the Qwene; and he had hys Hed barre during the Ceremonies.

TheMynstrells, Johannes, and hys Company. and the Trompetts, war as well of the one Syd as of the other; bot thos of Scotlaund had no new Baneres: And did the Devor at the said Entryng Officers of Armes of Inglaund; and non at Scotlaund. Sergents of Masses, &c. ychon, by Ordre.

A lityll more fourther cam also in Processyon the Jocobins, revested the most Chyst and Principali of them, with many Reiicks; wherof some of thos war by the Prior gyffen to kysse, in lyke wys; wherof the K. did as before.

At the Entryng of the said Towne was maid a Yatt of Wood painted with Two Towrells, and a Windowe in the Midds. In the wich Towrells was, at the Windowes, revested Angelis syngyng joyously for the Comynge of so noble a Lady; and at the sayd middie Windowe was in lyk wys an Angeli presenting the Kees to the said Qwene.

Within the Towne ny to the said Yatt came in Processyon the College of the Perysche of Seint Gilles, rychly revested, with the Arme of that Seint; the wiche was presented to the Kynge for to kysse; wherof he did as before, and began to synge Te Deum Laudamus.

In the Mydds of the Towne was a Crosse, new painted, and ny to that same a Fontayne, cassynge forth of Wyn, and ychon drank that wold.

Ny to that Crosse was a Scarfawst maid, wher was represented Paris and the Thre Deessys, with Mercure, that gaffe hym th Apyll of Gold, for to gyffe to the most fayre of the Thre, wiche he gave to Venus.

In the Scarfsawst was represented also the Salutacion of Gabriell to the Virgyne, in sayinge Ave gratia, and sens after, the Sollempnizacion of the varey Maryage betwix the said Vierge and Joseph.

More fourther was of new maid One other Yatt, apon the wiche was in Sieges the IIIJ Vertuz. Theys is to weyct. Justice, holdynge in hyr right Hannde a Swerde all naked, and in the t'other a Pair of Ballaunces, and she had under hyr Feet the Kyng Nero: Force, armed, holdyng in hyr Haund a Shafte, and under hyr Feete was Holofernes, all armed: Temperance, holdyng in hyr Hannd a Bitt of an Horse, and under hyr Feete was Epicurus: Prudence, holdynge in hyr Haunde a Syerge, and under hyr Sardenapalus. With thos war Tabretts that playd merrily, whill the noble Company past thorough. Under was a Licorne [Unicorn] and a Greyhound, that held a Difference of one Chardon [thistle] florysched, and a Red Rose entrelassed.

Then the noble Company passed out of the Towne, to the Church of the Holy Crosse [Map]¹; out of wich cam the Archbischop of Sannt Andrew (age 27), Brother to the said Kynge, his Crosse borne before hym, acompanyed of the Reverend Fathers in God the Byschop of Aberdeen Lord Privy Seal of Scotland, the Byschops of Orkney, Cathness, Ross, Dunblane, and Dunkeld, and many Abbotts, all in their Pontificalis, with the Religious and Chanoynes richly revested, preceded by theyr Crosse. The said Archi Byschop then gave the King a Relik for to kysse, bot he dyd as hee had doon before.

After thys doon, ychon lept off hys Horse, and in fayr Ordre went after the Processyon to the Church, and in the Entryng of that sam the Kyng and the Qwene light downe, and after he take the said Qwene by the Body, doynge humble Reverence, and led hyr to the grett Awter, wher was a Place ordonned for them to knele apon two Cuschyons of Cloth of Gold, the Lord Chammerlayn of the said Qwene excersyng hys Office as before.

But the Kynge wold never knell downe furst, bot both togeder: And by the said ArchByschop was giffen hym to kysse a rich Crosse, wheroff he did as before, without Offrynge and at the Entring of the said Quere, the Chappelle of the said Kinge, and others, begon Te Deum, &c.

After all Reverences doon at the Church, in Ordre as before, the King transported himself to the Pallais, thorough the Clostre, holdynge allwayes the Qwene by the Body, and hys Hed barre, tyll he had brought hyr within her Chammer.

In the said Church war the Lordes the Erle of Hontely, the Erle of Errol (age 54) Constable of Scotland, the Erle Mariscall of Scotland, the Erle of Argyle (age 54) Steward of the Hows, the Erle of Lennos Chammerlayne in the Absence of the Conte of Cathness, the Erle of Minster, and the Erle Morton, acompayned of many Lordes, Knyghts, and Gentylmen, well arayd. The wich maid Reverence to the Qwene, and she to them.

The Kynge went from thens to the grett Chammer, wher was many Ladies of grett Name, Wyffes to divers of the sayd Lordes, and others, acompayned of many Gentylmen and Gentylwomen, arayd varey nobly after ther Gyse. At the Entrynge the said Chambre, the Kyng let go the Qwene till she had kyssed all the sayd Ladies and ther Company; and the Byschop of Morrey went with her, sewinge her the Names of them. After she had kyssed them all, the Kyng kyssed her for hyr Labor: And so tuke hyr ageyn, with low Cortesay and barr Hed, and brought hyr to hyr Second Chammer, and kyssed her ageyn; taking his Leve right humble he drew toward hys Lodgynge for them appoynted.

The Towne of Edenbourgh was in many Places haunged with Tappissery, the Howses and Wyndowes war full of Lordes, Ladyes, Gentylwomen, and Gentylmen, and in the Streytts war soe grett Multitude of People without Nombre, that it was a fayr Thynge to se. The wich People war varey glad of the Commynge of the sayd Qwene: And in the Churches of the sayd Towne Bells range for Myrthe.

The sam Day the Kynge souped in hys Chammer, acompayned of many of the Parte of the said Qwene within hyr awn. And after that, the Kynge went to see hyr, an daunced some basse Daunces. Thys doon, the Kynge toke hys Leve, and bad her goode Nyght joyously, and after the same to ychon also.

Note 1. a 'rood' is a medieval word for 'crucifix' or cross hence 'rood screen'. The Church of the Holy Cross in Edinburgh is Holyrood.

Collectanea by John Leland. The VIIIth Day of the said Monneth [8th August 1503] every Man apoynted hymselfe rychly, for the Honor of the noble Maryage. Bet twyx VIII and IX oth Clock everychon was rady, nobly apperyld; and the Ladyes abouffe said came rychly arayd, sum in Gownys of Cloth of Gold, the others of Cremsyn Velvet and Blak. Others of Satyn and of Tynsell, of Damaske, and of Chamlet of many Colours, Hoods, Chaynnes and Collers apon ther Neks, acompayned of ther Gentylwomen arayd honnestly after ther Gyle, for to hold Company to the sayd Qwene.

After cam the Byschop of Morrey (age 38), to fetche my Lordes th Archbyschop of York (age 54) and the Byschop of Durham; the wiche war varey honnestly arayd in ther Estat; as also the Erle of Surrey (age 60), who was rychely arayde in a longe Gowne of Clothe of Gold, with his ryche Coller of the Gartere, acompayned of many Lordes, as the Lords Gray, Latemer, Dacres, and Scrop, honourably arayd; with many noble Knyghts, as Syr Richard Poulle, Knyght of the Garter, rychly arayd in his Coller, Syr Davy Owen, waring a varey riche Channe, Syr William Conyars, arayd in a Gowne of Clothe of Goid, Syr Thomas Darcy in another, with riches Chaynnes, Syr John Huse, and many other Knyghts and Gentylmen rychly and honnestly arayd and in lyk wys waring goods Chainnes.

In that Mannere the said Lords war brought by the said Byschop of Morrey to the Kynge, the wiche was within his grett Chammer, apon hys Feet; and at the Commyng of the said Lordes maid Reverence to every Man, hys Bonnet allway in hys Haunde. The Kynge then caused them to sitt apon a Form before hym, agenst hymselfe, and desyred them to couver ther Heds. The said Archbyschop was placed at the Right Haund, and the Erle of Surrey at the Lefte Haund. The Kynge sit in a Chayre of Cramsyn Velvett, the Pannells of that sam gylte, under hys Cloth of Astat, of Blew Velvet fygured of Gold.

He was acompayned on his Right Haund by the Right Reverend Father in God the Archbishop of Saunt Andrew (age 27), hys Brother, and by ali the Prelats, as on the Day precedent, as likewise by the Prior of Saunt John, and many notables Personnes, as wel Ecclesiastiks as Seculers, all setting. On the Lefte Syde war the Lordes and Erles before named, with others grett Lordes, noble Knyghts, and Gentylmen, of the Two Partes. So that it was a noble Thynge to se the the sayd Chammer so nobly fournyshed. Ther war also the Officers of Armes of Inglaund in their Cotes, and non of Scotlaund for that sam Hour.

After Scylence maid, and everychon sit in Ordre, the Doftor Raulins, Doctor in Divynite, began the Preposicyon, who well and wisely, and with good Maner, demeanyd him in hys Utteraunce of the same, and at every Worde requysitt made honorable Reverence. Thys doon, the Kyng comaunded Maister Doctor Moreched, hvs Secretary, to gyffe short Answar. The wiche Thynge he did varey reverently, in bryeff Conclusyon.

After thos Preposicyons doon, every Man dyd Reverence to the Kyng, as did the said Kyng lyke wys to them in his drawynged into hys awn Chammer. And then the said Archbyschop hys Brother, and the Byschop of Abberdeen conveyed the beforesaid Lords and Company ageyn to the Lodgynge of the Qwene.

A lytyll after, the Qwene was by the said Lords and Company brought from her Chammer to the Church, cronned with a varey ryche Cronne of Gold garnished with Pierrery and Perles. Sche was led on the Right Hand by th Archbyschop of York, and on the Left Hand by the Erle of Surrey. Hyr Trayne was born by the Contesse of Surrey (age 26), a Gentylman Huscher helpyng hyr. The said Qwene was nobiy acompeyned with her Ladyes rychly arayd; that is to weytt, the said Contesse of Surrey arayd in a rych Robbe, of Cloth of Gold; the Two Ladyes Nevill, the Lady Liile, the Lady Stanneley, and the Lady Guiileford, in riche Apparell; and all the others followynge had ryche Collers and Channes apon ther neks; and good Juells. It was ordonned by the said Erle of Surrey, That Two of the grettest Ladyes of Ingland goinge togeders shold take with thaim Two of the grettest Ladyes of Scotland, and so all Foure to go togeder on a Row: And so sewingly alwais Two of the best Ladyes and Gentylwomen of Ingland and Two of Scotland to goe togeder as before, wher they had rome so to do: And thus they dede dayly.

Thus the fayde Qwene was conveyde to the sayde Churche [Map], and placed neere to the Font; Maistresse Denton, hyr Maistresse, being allwayes ny hyr; and ali hyr noble Company standing in Ordre on the Left Syd of the Churche. Incontynent cam the Right Reverend Father in God my Lord th Archbyschop of Glasco, acompayned with the Prelats, ali in Pontificalis, and other notables Folks of the Churche.

Then the Kynge was brought by a varey fayre Company, consisting of hys said Brother and of the Lordes abouffe said, hys Steward, Chammerlayn, the Constable, and the Marischall, with all their Staffs of their Offices, and other Nobles, Knyghts, Squyers, and Gentylmen, richely and honnestly arayd and with good Chaynnes. The Lord of Hamylton barre his Swerde before hym. His Officers of Armes war in their Cotts, and all his Nobles Rode in Ordre on the Right Syd of the Church.

Then the Kyng commyn neere to the Qwene, maid Reverence, and she to hym varey humbly. The Kyng was in a Gowne of Whit Damaske, figured with Gold and lynned with Sarfenet. He had on a Jakette with Slyffs of Cramsyn Satyn, the Lists of Blak Velvett, under that sam a Dowblet of Cioth of Gold, and a Payre of Scarlatte Hosys. Hys Shurt broded with Thred of Gold, hys Bonnet Blak, with a ryche Balay, and hys Swerd about hym.

The Qwene was arayd in a rich Robbe, lyke Hymselfe, borded of Cramsyn Velvet, and lyned of the self. Sche had a varey riche Coiler of Gold, of Pyerrery and Perles, ronnd her Neck, and the Cronne apon hyr Hed: Her Hayre hangyng. Betwyx the said Cronne and the Hayres was a varey riche Coyfe hangyng downe behynde the whole Length of the Body.

Then the noble Maryage was performed by the said Arch Byschop of Glasco; and th’ Arch Byschop of York, in Presence of ali, red the Bulles of our Holly Father the Pope of Rom, consentynge thereto.

Thys doon, the Trompetts blew for Joy; and the King, being bareheded and holdyng her by the Ryght Haund, was conveyd through the said Company to the Hygh Awter. Before the wich was drest a Place for them Two to knell apon ryches Cuschyns of Cloth of Gold. But this the Kyng wold never doe, previously paying her the most grett Humilitie and Reverence, as possible might be. After ther Oraysons doon, and lastyng the Letany, wich was songe and said by the Arch Byschop, the Kynge withdrew himself to his Travers, of Blew and Red fraunged, wich stod on the Left Syde, and ther setted himself in a ryche Chayre. In such wys, the Qwene into her awne Travers of Black, wich was on the Right Side, and satt downe in a ryche Chayre also. The Letany ended, the sayd Arch Byschop beganne the Masse; and so they retourned into the Place wher they war before, abydynge there during the Tyme of the Masse.

At the Gospell they maid their Offryng, and before the Saunt Canon she was anoynted. After wich the Kynge gaffe hyr the Septre in hyr Haund. Then was songen Te Deum Laudamus, &c. and two Prelatts helde the Cloth apon them duryng the Remanent of the Masse. That and all the Ceremonyes accomplysched, ther was brought by the Lordes, Bred and Wyn in ryche Potts and ryche Cupps.

After the Collacyon, ychon was putt in Ordre according to his Birth. And the Kynge lydyng the Qwene, as before, conveyd hyr to hyr Chammer, and then departed from her, and went to hys Awne, where he helded Astat Royal for that Day.

Collectanea by John Leland. [8th August 1503] At Dynner the Qwene was served before the Kyng, with all th’ Onner that myght be doon, the Officers of Armes, and the Sergants at Armes, proceeding before the Meys. On that Day Syr John Villars was Sewar, Syr Davye Owen Kerver, and Syr Edward Stanneley Cupbarrer; and with hyr dynned the said Archbyschop of Glasco. The Chammer in wich she dined was rychly drest, and the Cloth of Estat wher she satt, was of Clothe of Golde varey riche.

At the furst Course, sche was served of a wyld Borres Hed gylt, within a fayr Platter, then with a fayr Pece of Brane, and in the thyrd Place with a Gambon, wich wer followed by divers other Dyshys, to the Nombre of XII, of many Sortes, in fayre and ryche Vesselle.

After this tbe Kyng was served in Vesselle gylt as the Qwene. Hys Panneters wer my Lord the Son of the Erle of Bothwells Brother, and my Lord Grayes Son; and his Cupberrer was the Lord of Hamylton. Th Archbyschops of Saunt Andrew (age 27) and of York (age 54), the Byschop of Durham, and the Erle of Surrey (age 60) dyned with hym. The Chammer was haunged of red and of blew, and in it was a Cyll of a State of Cloth of Gold; bot the King was not under for that sam Day. Ther wer also in the sam Chammer a riche Bed of Astat, and a riche Dressor after the Guyse of the Countre, and the Lord Grays the Father served the King with Water for to wash, and the Erle of Hunteley berred the Towaylle.

At the second Service, the Qwene was served very honorably of XL or L Meys. The Kyng was likewys served of many Vyaunds; after wich the Officers of Armes presented themfelves for to crye Largesse. Whereupon the Kinge comaunded Marchemont, Pryncipall Herauld — Goo ye, Cry toward the Qwene fyrst, that is to weytt, Largesse, To the high and mighty Princesse Margarete, by the Grace of God, Qwene of Scotlaund, and fyrst Daughter engendred of the varey hygh and varey mighty Prince Henry the VIJth, by that sam selfe Grace, Kynge of Inglaund. In the Largesse of the Gyft of the Kynge ther wer XL Crounes of lyght Gold. And because there was noe more then three Cotts of Armes of Inglaund, the Kyng wold not suffer more thenne thre of his awne.

The sam was cryed thre Tymes in the Kings Chammer, in the grett Chammer, that is ny, and in the Halle of the Kyng and of the Qwene; but he would not have his Largesse cryed, ne intituled, saying, that it souffysed [sufficed] to cry hers.

In the grett Chammer, ther satt the Ladyes of the sayd Qwene, togeder the other Ladyes of the Countrey. At the next Bord satt my Lord the Qwenes Chammerlayn, acompayned of many Nobles and Knyghts. In the thyrd satt other Ladyes and Gentylwomen. And the IIIJth was filled with Gentylmen, varey well served. The Hangynge of this Chamer represented the Ystory of Troy Towne, and in the Glassys Wyndowes wer the Armes of Scotland and of Inglaund byperted, with the Differences before sayd, to which, a Chardon [thistle], and a Rosse interlassed thorough a Crowne was added.

The Kings grett Chammer had one Table, wher was satt hys Chammerlayn, the grett Sqyer, and many others, well served, the wich Chammer was haunged about with the Story of Hercules, togeder with other Ystorys.

In the Kings Hall war thre Rowes of Tables, and one abouff in the Front, wher was satt the Prelatts, and conseqwantly the grett Lordes, Nobles, Knyghts, Squyers, Gentylmen, and other honorable Personnes, at double Dynner. This sam Chammer was haunged of th Ystory of the old Troy. Six grett Syerges of Wax wer haunged in the same Halle for to lyght at Even, and there was a riche Dressor, and welle served.

In the Hall wher the Qwene’s Company wer satt in lyke as in the other, and wich was haunged of the Hislory of Hercules, wer old Syerges, for to lyght at Even, a ryche Dressor, good Chere, and good Wyn.

The Trompetts as well of the Kynge as of the Qwene, theyr Mynstrells of many Sortes, and Johannes and his Company dyd their Devoir for that Day, as well in the Mornynge, as at the Dynnar, and after at the Soupper, and also on the Dayes followwyng.

After Dynnar the Mynstrells played, and the Kynge and the Qwene, the Ladyes, Knyghts, Gentylmen, and Gentylwornen daunced; also some good bodys maid Games of Passe Passe, and dyd varey well.

At the Hour of Even Songe, the Kynge acompayned of hys Noblesse, and those of the Qwene, but without hyr, war conveyd to the Churche, wher the Abbot of the Place did the Service. When they retourned agayn, they wer served as at the Dinner, bott the Qwene the furst, and the Personnages abouffe sayd ageyn held ther Places. The King, before that he satt down, sent hys Gowne of Marriage to the Officers of Armes of Englaunde, and put on another of blak Velvet, long and fourred of Martens, the wich Robbe Somerset Herauld acompayned of his Companions, bore the next Day in Court, and for the wich they thanked the Kynge.

After the Soupper, the Nyght approched therefor ychon withdrew hym to his Lodgyng for to take hys Rest, and the Kinge had the Quene (age 13) aparte, and they went togeder. God by his Grace will hold them in long Prosperitye. At Even grett Numbre of Fyers wer maid thorough the Towne of Edenbowrgh.

Collectanea by John Leland. The IXth Day of the Monneth [9th August 1503] everie Lord, Knyght, Ladye, and Gentylwoman cam to the Pallais. Toward X^en of the Clok, the Kyng went his Way to Masse in the grett Church, acompayned of his Lordes and Nobles as the Day before; and was arayd of a riche Robbe of Cloth of Gold faurred of fyne blak Bougye, his Doublett of cramsyn Satyn, blak Hosys couved abouff, of Cloth of Gold, a blak Bonnet, a Saunt George of Gold, apon the Dragon a Ruby, a cramsyn Hat, a Payre of gold Beads haungyng to his Gyrdle, to the Nombre of XIIJ more or lesse, and a Dagar before him. The Lord of Honteley bar the Swerde before him, an I Hussher of his Chammer bore his Train, hys Maister d'Hostell, his Chamberlayn, his Constable, the Marshall, and the Officers of Armes and the Trumpets went before him after the Custome of the Countre.

The Masse being doon by hys Chappelle, and one of the Religyous, he retourned ageyn. Duryng the Masse the Erle of Surrey (age 60) and his Company cam to convey him, for the wich Kindnesses he at the Retornynge tuke him by the Armes, tyll he cam into his Chamber.

Hys Dinnar was brought and served in Silver Vessels by the Officers and Personnaiges in suche Manere as the Day before. After Dynnar a young Man, an Italyen, playedj before the King on a Corde varey well. Ny to him at the Windows wer my Lord of York (age 54), the Erle of Surrey, the ArchByschop of Saunt Andrew (age 27), the Byschop of Durham and many other Lords. The Ladyes, acompayned of Lordes and Knyghts, wer at the Windows toward the Qwenes Qvarters. And after the Game was doon, they begon to daunce. Touchynge the Qwene I say nothinge, for that sam Day I saw her not, bot I undendond that sche was in good Helth and Mere.

As for the Soupper, notwithstanding it was Fastyng Day, Baunketts of many Metts war not forgotten; after wich every Man drew to his Lodgynge. That Even the Qwene delivered hyr Robbe of Maryage to the Officers of Scotlaund the wiche the next Day followyng Marchmont Herawld barred in Cowrt in Escharpe, he and hys Companyons thaunking the King and Qwene therfor. But on the Morow she gaffe them the Somme of XL Nobles for Largesse, and they brought ageyn the said Robbe into the Warderobe ot the sayd Qwene, as she desyred in hyr Recompensing.

Collectanea by John Leland. The Xth Day of the sayd Moneth [10th August 1503], being Saunt Lawrens Day, the Qwene was led to the Hyghe Churche, acompayned of hyr noble Trayn, and of the Ladyes of the Countre honnestly appoynted. The said Qwene was varey well delibered, and arayd of a nche Robbe of Cloth of Gold with a ryche Coller, and was put within hyr Courtayne, of red, blew, and grene. Before hyr was prepared an Awter rychely enorned with vary ryches Ymaiges.

After hyr cam the Kynge, varey honnestly acompayned of hys Lords, varey noble arrayed as in the Dayes before. The Officers of Armes, the Sergents at Maces, and the Trompetts wer in fayr Ordre, the Lord Honteley berrynge the Swerde. The Kynge was arayd of a Gowne of cramsyn fygured Velvett fourred of Yenetts, a Dowblett of blak Satyn, Hosys of Scarlatte, the Bonnett of the Day before, and hys Beerde kyted of Shers. Whan he was arrived within hys Cortyne, he maid humble Reverence to the Qwene, and so sche did in lyke wys to hym. Incontynent the Masse begon to be synge by one of the Religyous of the Place, and by the Syngers. At the Offring the King and Qwene both offred togeder.

The Masse doon, the Kynge, for the Luffe of the present Qwene and hyr Ladyes, did make XLI [41] Knyghts. After the Othe sworne and taken, the Erle Bothweil chaussed them the gylt Spourreys, and the Kynge gaffe them the Stroke of his Swerde, wich was born before hym. This doon, he sayed to the Qwene, and Lady — These are your Knyghts, and taking hyr by the Haund, led hyr to the Doore of hyr Chammer, when they war well and honnestly served, as was also all the Felischyp with Plenty of Ypocras.

After the Dynnar begon, Jousts war apoynted in the basse Courte before the Wyndowes. The Place was without Barreres, and only the Tyllt. The Challengers war my Lord of Kylmars, and my Lord Treithoun. Ther Aids wer Syr Alexandre Seytoun, the Maister of Mewgumery, Syr Patryk Hamylton, and Syr John of Treytom, to all the Comers duryng the Jousts.

The Deffenders for that Day wer my Lord of Hamilton, Cosin of the Kynge, dressed in red Satyn, my Lord Roos, Syre Davy Hume, William of Cokbwrn of Langtown, Patryck Synklars, in Jackets borded of blak Velvett, and Henry Brws. Ychon of them tuke a Corse of a Spere, and a Swerde with the Poynte broken, sum brak Speres, the others not. At the Wyndowes was the Kynge acompayned of th Archebyschops of Saunt Andrew (age 27) and York (age 54), and of the Byshop of Durham, and of other Prelatts, the said Wyndows being well apoynted. The Qwene was at the Windowes of hyr grett Chammer, acompayned of hyr Ladyes, and of the others of the Reyme, with my Lord hyr chyf Chamberlaine. The said Wyndowes wer arayd in like wise, and more rychly. Ageynst them was a Scarfawld, wheron was my Lord of Surrey (age 60), and the Erle Bothweil only; my Lord Morley the Constable, the Officers of Armes, and many other Officers and Trompetts stood by the Feild.

After the Courses and Tornay, the Kyng and the Qwene went to Soupper, the wiche war varey well served, according to the Custome of the Dayes before, and after that daunced, and then every Men went to hys Lodgyng.

The sam Day my Lord Archbyshop of Yorke, the Byschop of Durham, and many others tuked Licence of the Kinge and of the Qwene, and departed the next Morning.

Collectanea by John Leland. The XIIIth Day of the said Monneth [13th August 1503], being Sonday, the Qwene was led to the Churche acompayned by the Prelats, the Erle of Surrey (age 60), the Lord Chamberlayne, and the Ladyes rychely arayd. She was arayed in a Gowne of Porple fygured Velvert, brothed of Thred of Gold fourred with Ermynes, a grett Rebras beneath, and had on a ryche Coller of Pyerrery, and a ryche Gyrdle. The Lady Surrey bar her Trayn, assisted by Syre John Hume.

After hyr cam the Kynge, in the Manere of the Dayes before said, arayd in a Gowne of Cloth of Gold, rychly fourred of Mertes, a Doublett of cramsyn Satyn sawted, and within doubled of Cloth of Gold. To hys Bonnett hung a ryche Bagge, and hys Churte was borderd of fyne Pierrery and Pearles. When he arryved at his Cortyne, he maid an humble Cortaisy to the Qwene, as she also did to hym.

At the Offrvnge wer assembled three noble Lords to be maid Erles in the Qwenes Presence, and when the Masse was done, they wer presented to the King by Marchmont, Herawld. Fyrft, they promysed to hold ther Othes, and then the Kinge gyrdled them with the Swerd abouffe their Schoulder, and gaffe them their Lordschips to them and to their Heires.

Then Merchemont, Herauld, togeder with his Companlons, cryed Largesse in the self Place, and fyrst Largesse.

Jamys Darene, Lord of Hamylton, Baron, Banereit, and Lord of Parlement.

2dly. Largesse. William Conte de Montros, Lord of Granne, Baron, Banerett, and Lord of Parlement.

3dly. Largesse. Cuthberd Conte de Glencarne, Lord de Kyirharres, Baron, Banerett, and Lord of Pariement.

After this doone, the Kynge tuke the Qwene, and layd hyr to the Company, but for Cause that it renned, she passed thorough the Kings Chamber for to go in hyr awne, and all the Ladyes war served. The Erle of Surrey and other Lords dynned with him. After Dynnar, a Moralite was played by the said Master Inglish and hys Companyons, in the Presence of the Kyng and Qwene, and then Daunces war daunced.

At the Hour customed the Kyng and the Company beforesaid went to Even Song, and sum Knights, to the Nombre of XXVI, should have been maid bot for that; that the Qwene was not there, they wer put off to the next Day for the Luffe of hyr.

The Even Song sayd, the King was brought ageyn into his Chambre, and was served at the Soupper. And that doon, every Man went his Way.

Collectanea by John Leland. [10th May 1509] First there came rydinge throughe the Cittie of Lon don the Swerdebearer of London, and the Vice-Chamberleyne of the same, with Twoe of the Masters of the Brugehowse, to sett the Crafts in theire Order and Arraye. Then came Rydinge the Kyngs Messengers, twoe and twoe, with theire Boxes on theire Brests. Then the Kyngs Trumpeters; and after them the Kyngs still Minstrells. Then the Florentines, the Venetians, the Portingalls, the Spaniards, the Frenchmen, the Esterlings, the Gentlemen Ushers, the Kyngs Chapleyns havinge no Dignitye. The Squyers for the Boddie. The Aldermen of London. The Shreves, havinge in theire Hands Twoe Whyte Roddes. Then came there rydinge Twoe Herauds of Armes, in Twoe Cote Armurs; and after them came rydinge a noble Knyght, Mourner, uppon a goodlie Courser, trapped with Black Velvet, bearinge the Kyngs Stonderd, whose Name is Sir Edward Darrell (age 43); after whome came Knights. Then came the Chapleyns of Dignitie, as Deanes and suche other. Then the Kyng’s Counsell, and Knights of the Garter beinge no Lords. Then the Chiefe Justice of the Common Place, and the Chiefe Baron of the Kyngs Exchequer: Then the Chiefe Justice of the Kings Bench, and the Master of the Rolles. Then came the Crowched Fryers on Foote, and all the Foure Orders of Fryers followinge, singinge. Then the Chanons of ali the Places in London, in like wisse singinge. Then the Kyngs Chappell, in theire Surpleses and Grey Ameses, singinge. Then came rydinge all the Temporall Lords and Barrons, on the Left Hand; and all Abbotts and Bishopps, on the Right Hand. Then rode Sir Davie Owen (age 50), bearinge an Helmet of Steele, crowned with a rich Crowne of Golde. Then rode Sir Edward Howard (age 33), the Second Sonne of the Erle of Surrey (age 66), Treasorer of England, armed complete, with the Kyngs Harnes, his Face discovered, bearinge in his Hand the Kings Battel Axe, the Heade downewarde, restnge on his Foote. Then followed him a Knyght called Sir Thomas Fyes, bearinge a riche Armour, embrodered with the Armes of England. Then came the Maior of London ymediately before the Charett, bearinge his Mace in his Hand. Then came the Charett wherein the Kyngs Corps lay. Upon the which lay a Picture resemblinge his Person crowned and richly apparreled in his Parliament Roobe, bearinge in his Right Hand a Scepter, and in his Left Hand a Ball of Golde, over whome there was hanginge a riche Cloth of Golde pitched upon Fowre Staves, which were sett at the Fowre Corners of the saide Charett, wich Charett was drawen with Seaven great Coursers, trapped in Black Velvett, with the Armes of England on everie Courser set on bothe Sydes, and on every Side of everie Courer, a Knight goinge on Foote, bearing a Banner in his Hand; and at everie Corner of the saide Charett a Baron goinge on Foote, bearing a Banner, in like Manner; wich IIIJ^or Banners were the Kyngs Avowries; whereof the First was of the Trinitie, the Second of our Ladie, the Third of St. George, the fourth of .... And in the said Charett there were sittinge Twoe Gentlemen. Usshers of the Kyngs Chamber, One at the Heade of the Kynge and the other at the Feete, mourninge. Then followed the said Charett the Duke of Buckingham (age 31), the Earle of Arondell (age 59), the Earle of Northumberland (age 31), the Earle of Shrewsberie (age 41), the Earle of Surrey, the Earle of Essex, and other, to the Nomber of Nyne, beinge Knyghts of the Garter, in a Range one after another, as they were in Degree. Then followed them IX of the Kyngs Henchemen, ridinge on goodlie Coursers, trapped in Black Velvett, of the wich the three foremost did beare three Capps of Maintenances, wich three Popes had sent the Kynge duringe the Tyme of his Raigne. The next three Henchmen did beare three riche Swordes the Points downward, the seaventh bare a Target of the Armes of England, otherwise called a Sheild crowned, the eight bare an Helmet with a Lyon of Golde upon it. The IXth bare a Speare covered with Black Velvett. Then followed the Master of the Horses called Sir Thomas Brandon, leadinge in his Hande a goodlie Courser trapped with Black Velvett, richely embrodered with the Armes of England; whome followed the Lord Darcy (age 42), beinge Captayn of the Garde. After whome came the Garde, and many other Gentlemen. Then the worshipfull Men of the Crafts of London, which were appointed by theire Fellowship to set in the said Corps. Then Lords Servaunts followed, beinge a great Nomber.

Collectanea by John Leland. [11th May 1509] First there came Twoe Herauds in their Cotearmours unto the Duke of Buckingham (age 31), beinge Chiefe Mourner, kneelinge at the West End of the Herse, goinge before him, frome the Herse unto the Place where the Archeb. stoode to take the Offeringe; where he, representinge the Kyngs Person, offered a Testiament of Golde: Which done the said Herauds conveyed him againe to the Place he came frome. Then the said Herauds came in like Manner unto the Earle of Arondell (age 59) and unto the Earle of Northumberland (age 31), and conveyed them unto a Knight which stoode before the Herse, holdinge the Kyngs Cotearmoure. Of whom the said Herauds received the said Cotearmour, and delivered it to the said Twoe Earles; which solempnly bearinge the said Cotearmour betwene them offered it up unto the said Archeb. with great Reverence; the which he received and delivered unto a Bisshop, which delivered it over unto an Heraude standinge even by them on the South Side of the Church; which done the said Herauds conveyed the Twoe Earles againe unto theire Places. Then the said Herauds came in likewise unto the Earle of Shrewssberie (age 41) and unto the Earle of Surrey (age 66), and conveyed them unto a Knight which stoode before the said Herse, holdinge the Kyngs Sheild crowned; of whome the said Herauds received the said Shielde, and delivered it unto the said Earles; which solempnly bearinge it betwene them offered it in lyke Manner unto the ArcheBisshop; the which he received and delivered it to a Bisshop, by whome it was delivered unto an Heraude, there standinge on the South Syde beneath the other Herauds which helde the Cotearmour: And then the said Herauds conveyed the said Earles againe unto their Places. After this they went unto the Earle of Essex and to the Earle of Kent (age 28), and conveyed them unto a Knight holdinge a goodlie riche Sworde before the Herse, which the said Herauds received of the said Knyght and delivered unto the said Earles: And soe they holdinge the said Sworde betwene them, offered it up unto the ArcheBisshop in like Manner; which was also delivered unto an other Heraude standinge in Order beneath the other Twoe Herauds which helde the Cotearmour and the Shielde. Which, done the said Herauds convey’d the said Twoe Earles into theire owne Places. And then the said Twoe Herauds came unto the Earle of Derbie (age 24) and unto the Earle of Arran (age 34), otherwise called the Scottishe Lorde, which in like Manner conveyed them unto a Knight holdinge the Kings Helmett crowned, to whome was made like deliverie; which they offered in like Manner, and was delivered to another Heraude, and they conveyed unto theire owne Places againe. After this there came ryding the Second Son of th Earle of Surrey, called Sir Edward Howarde (age 33), armed in complete Harnes (his Helmet except) upon a goodlie Courser, trapped in Black Velvet, with the Armes of England embrothered upon the same, which rode unto the Railes of the said Herse, where he did alight; whome the said Herauds incontinent received; whose Horse was ymediatly delivered unto a Servant of the Abbotts of Westminfter. And the said Knight going betwene the Earle of Essex and the Earle of Kent was presented unto the Archebisshop: Which done, the said Knight was conveyed by Twoe Monkes of the said Abbey into the Revestrie, where he was unarmed, and the said Two Earles again conveyed into theire owne Places. And afrer the said Knight came in a Black Gowne, and offered amonge the other Knights. This done the said Two Herauds came againe unto the Duke of Buck. goinge before him to the Archebishop, where he offered againe for himselfe. After whome the other Earles offered in theire Order. Then came the Bisshops and Abbotts, and offered in theire Order; the Bisshops goinge unto the Alter, and there makinge theire Offeringe, and the Abbotts goinge unto the Archeb. kissinge his Hande, and takinge his Blessinge. After whome came the Lords and Barrons, makinge their Offeringe everie Man in Degree. And in the meane while Twoe Herauds came againe unto the said Duke of Buck. and to the Earles, and conveyed them into the Revestrie, where they did receive certen Palles, which everie of them did bringe solempnly betwene theire Hands, and comminge in Order one before another, as they were in Degree, unto the said Herse, they kissed theire said Palles, and delivered them unto the said Heraudes, which lalde them uppon the Kyngs Corps, in this Manner: The Palle which was first offered by the Duke of Buck. was laid on length on the said Corps, and the Residewe were laid acrosse, as thick as they might lie. Which Palles were offered in the Manner aforesaid, in Token of their Homage which they of Dutie ought to doe unto the Kinge. And after the saide Lords and Barrons had made theire Offeringe, then foliowed the Chapleins of Dignitie and the Grey Amezes of the Kinges Chappell, whome foliowed Knights and Gentlemen, everie Man in his Degree. After the which Offeringe and the said Masse ended, a Knight called Edmond Carewe (age 43) came unto the Second Stepp of the Highe Alter, bearinge in his Hand the Kings great Banner, which he offered up unto the Archebisshop, and Sir Edward Darrece (age 43) his Standerd. Which done, the Bisshop of London inade a noble Sermon. And after the said Sermon ended, incontinente the Archebisshopps, Bisshopps, and Abbotts went unto the Herse. At whose Coomminge the Palles and the iiij Banners of the Kings Avowries were carried away by Twoe Monks. Which done, the Picture was taken from the Herse, and borne unto Sr. Edwards Shrine, the Kyngs Chappell, singinge this Anthem, Circum dederunt me genitus mortis [The sorrows of death have compassed me, Psalm 17, 5-6]. And then the said Corps was incensed, and ali the Royal Ornaments taken fome the said Corps, soe that everie Man might see the said Corps cofferd in a Coffin of Bordes, which was covered over with Black Velvett, havinge a Crosse of Whyte Satten from the one End of the said Coffyn unto the other; within the which Coffiyn the verie Corps of the Kynge lay enclosed in Lead. Upon the which Lead was written, in great Lettres chafed, Hic jacet Rex Henricns Septimus [Here lies King Henry VII]. And soe the said Corps was laid into the Vaught with great reverence by the noble Queen Elizabeth his Wyfe; whome incontinent ali the Archebishops, Bisshops, and Abbotts settinge theire Crosses upon the said Corps assoiled, in most solempn Manner sayinge this Collett (Absolvimus). Which done the said Archebishop did cast Earth uppon the said Corps. And then my Lord Treasorer and my Loyd Steward did breake theire Staves, and did cast them into the Vaught; and the other Hed Officers did cast theire Staves in, all whole. Which done the Vaught was closed, and a goodlie riche Pall of Clothe of Golde laide upon the saide Herse. And incontinent ali the Herauds did of theire Cotearmour, and did hange them uppon the Rayles of the Herse; cryinge lamentably in French, The noble King Henry the Seaventh is deade. And as soone as they had so done, everie Heraud putt on his Cotearmour againe, and cryed with a loude Voyce, Vive le noble Roy Henry le VIIIth; which is to say in Englishe Tonge, God send the noble Kynge Henry the Eight longe Lyfe. Amen.

Collectanea by John Leland. [11th May 1509] Thus and in this Manner was the said Corps of Kynge Henry the VIIth brought throughe the Cittie of London, with Torches innumerable, unto the West Dore of St. Powles [Map], where the Bisschop of London, revested and mytred, received the said Corps; which, after they had encensed it, was taken out of the Charett, the said Picture lyinge upon it, and borne by XII Persons of the Garde, because of the great Waight thereof. The Duke of Buckingham (age 31) with the said Earles goinge by, and puttinge theire Hands unto it. Over the which Corpes was borne a goodlie riche Canopie of Cloth of Golde by Fower Barrons, frome the Tyme that it was taken out of the Charet unto the Tyme that the said Corps was brought before the Highe Alter, where was sett a goodlie curious Light of Nine Branches; under the which Light this Corps was sett, there havinge a solempne Dirige; in the which my Lord of London was Executor Officii, and Attendant upon him the Abbott of St. Albones and the Abbott of Readinge, revested and mytred. This done, the Lords departed frome Powles, and went unto the Bishops Palice; the said Corps beinge watched with divers Knights and Herauds appointed thereunto. And on the Morrowe when the Lords were come unto the Herse againe, there were songe Three solempne Masses; of the which Three Masses the Deane of Powles sange the Firft of our Ladie, the Bisschop of Lincoln (age 49) sange the Second of the Trinitie, and the Bisschop of London sange the Third of Requiem. After the which Masses done the Bisschop of Rochester (age 39) made a notable Sermon; which done everie Man departed unto theire Dynner. And at theire Returne made, which was before One of the Clock, the said Corps was solempnly borne throughe the Churche of St. Powle to the West Dore, with the foresaid Canape borne over it, goinge before it the whole Queire or Powles and allso the Kyngs Chappell, whome followed the Bisshop of London, being revested and mytred, and the said Duke and Earles followinge; where the said Corps was againe laide into the Charet, and appointed in like Manner as is aforesaid. Which done everie Man in like Order as is afore exprested, accompained the said Corps, which was frome thence conveyed throughe Fleete Streete unto Charinge Crosse, where the Abbott of Westminfter, th’ Abbott of St. Albones, th Abbott of Readinge, and th’ Abbott of Winchombe, all IIJ^or Abbotts, revested and mytred, with the whole Convent of th’ Abbey of Westminster, in Albes and Coops, received the said Corps, and there encensed it. Which done they with Procession solempnly conveyed it unto the West Doore of the said Abbey of Westminfter: Where the Archebishop of Canterbery (age 59) and the Archeb. of Yorke (age 45), revested and mytred, solempnly received the Corps, and in like Manner incensed it; which after was conveyed out of the said Charet into the Abbey, in like Manner as it was conveyed into Powles. Where was sett the moft costly and curious Light possibly to be made by Mans Hand, which was of XIII principal Stonderds, rihly decked with Banners, and all other Things convenient to the same. Here he had his Dirige solempnly, th’ Archbissiopp of Canterbury beinge Execut. Officii, upon whom was attendinge the Nomber of XVIII Bisshiops and Abbotts, revested and mytred, duringe the Tyme of the said Dirige. At the which Dirige the Bissiopp of Norwiche redd the First Lesson, the Bisschop of Lincoln the Second Lesson, the Archebishiop of Canterbury the Third Lesson. And after the said Dirige done, the saide Duke and Earles with the other Lords departed unto the Kings Palice; except certen Knights, which were appointed to watch the Corps, in like as they did at Powles.

On 11th May 1509 King Henry VII of England and Ireland (deceased) was buried in the King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey [Map]. Henry Willoughby (age 58) and Anthony Wingfield (age 22) attended. The ladies given mantelets and kerchiefs were as follows:

Household of Mary Tudor:

Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 13).

Catherine York Countess Devon (age 29).

Elizabeth Stafford Countess Sussex (age 30). Possibly Margaret Whetehill.

Anne Percy (age 65) or Anne Percy Countess Arundel (age 23).

Elizabeth Hussey Countess Kent.

Eleanor Pole (age 47).

Mary Brandon.

Elizabeth Empson.

Mary Scrope (age 33).

Jane Popincourt.

Alice Vaux.

Household of the Princess of Wales Catherine of Aragon:

Catherine of Aragon (age 23).

Agnes or Inez Vanegas.

Maria de Salinas Baroness Willoughby (age 19).

Household of Margaret Beaufort the King's Mother:

Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 65).

Joan Vaux "Mother Guildford" (age 46).

Mary Hussey Baroness Willoughby of Eresby (age 25).

Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1509. 11th May 1509. 20. Henry VII.'s Funeral.

"Th'entierment of the moost excellent prynce King Henry the vijth."

A book beginning with a long list of lengths and prices of black cloth bought from 56 merchants (named). Then follow the prices of "manteletts" and "kercheffes" allowed to the Princess of Castell, Lady Kateryne, Lady Fytzwater, Lady Anne Percy, the lady of Kent, Lady Gordon, Lady Verney, Lady Marzen, Mrs. Redyng, Mrs. Catysby, Mrs. Denes (or Denyse), Mrs. Weston, Mrs. Jarnyngham, Mrs. Bucknam, Mrs. Popyncourt, Mrs. Kateryn and Mrs. Sapcott, and their gentlewomen; to the Princess of Wales and her two ladies, Dame Agnes Vanegas and Dame Maria de Gavara, four gentlewomen, Katerina Fortes, Maria Saleinas, John de Quero's wife and Kateryn Montaya, and two chamberers, Kateryn de Gavara and Esabell de Vanegas; to the King's "grauntdame," Lady Jane, Lady Wylloughby, Mrs. Clyfford, Mrs. Parker, Mrs. Fowler, Mrs. Stanhop, Mrs. Jane, Mrs. Ratclyff, to the two gentlewomen of these ladies and to Perott Doren and Jane Walter, chamberers of the King's granddame. Next come payments to goldsmiths, tailors, &c., for hearse covering, palls, robes, coffin cloths, gowns "for 9 henxmen and the M." (master) and for many poor men, the carriage of stuff to Richmond, and provision of hangings there. Then come payments amounting to £25, mainly for saddlery for the Princesses of Wales and Castell, headed as made by warrant dated 15 May 1 Henry VIII. and some further payments for hearses at St. Paul's and Westminster and for a cloth of estate for the high altar at Greenwich; followed by "The Boke of Peynters," showing payments for "scochyns," coats of arms, banners, "banerolles," "pencelles," "magesties," "rachementes" and borders, made by Mr. Broun, Rogecrosse, William Whytyng, John Wolff, John Wanlesse, Thomas Grene, Richard Rowanger and others (named). Then come expenses at Richmond, St. Paul's and Westminster showing amount and cost of material, names and wages of workmen &c. (£1,557s. of Poleyn wax was used on the hearse at Pawles and £3,606s. at Westminster), and bills of the purchase of torches (weights given) and expenses in the Stable.

Next (at f. 112b.) in an account of "Almose yeven by dyverse doctours," viz.:—Dr. Ednam: alms by the way from Richmond to London by the hands of Dr. Hobbys and the Under-almoner, £22; alms to King's chaplains, £23; and other payments for alms distributed betweene Paules and Westminster, given to 60 country churches, wages of torchbearers and £10 each to the choirs of Paules and Westminster; total, £102 Dr. Bekensawe: distributed to poor people at the Clynke 28 and 29 April and 9, 10 and 11 May and to impotent people of the city and suburbs nominated by their curates, total £447 9s. 8d. Similar distributions by Dr. Rawlyns, £463 16d., and Dr. Honywood, £520 at Ledon Hall and Seynt Mary Spetyll; by Dr. Lupton, at Westminster, £386 5s. 4d.; and on 5 May, by Dr. Lupton, to 39 prisoners delivered out of Newgate, Ludgate, Counter in the Pultrye, Counter in Bredestrete and the King's Bench, £34 3s.

At f. 114 begins an account of expenditure of provisions at the Bishop of London's palace and at Westminster by the various departments of the Household.

Then, after specifying the mourning clothing allowed to ladies and lords of every degree, at f. 119 comes:—

f. 119. "Livery given as well to archbishops, dukes, bishops, earls, lords, knights, chaplains, squires, gentlemen, yeomen, grooms and pages and other officers as to the King's grauntdame, the princesses of Walis and Castell, the Queen's sister, 'merqueses,' Countesses, Viscountesses, baronesses, knights' wives, gentlewomen, chamberers, with their servants as well men as women, against the interment of" &c. Henry VII., who died 21 April in the 24th year of his reign and was buried at Westminster 11 May following.

[The amount of cloth allowed to themselves and their servants is in each case given, the total length being 18,311¾ yds.]

f. 119b.

Bishops: York, Winchester,* London. Earls: Treasurer,* Essex, Kent, Derbie. Barons: Harry Stafford, John Grey, Richard Grey, Anthony Grey, Delaware, Willoughby, Dacres of the South, Ferrers, Barnes, Dacres of the North, Chamberlain*, Darcy, Sir John Huse, Comptroller of the King's House. Knights: Sir David Owyn, Sir Edward Stanley, Sir Henry Willoughby, Sir Matthew Broun, Sir Richard Lewys, Sir John Huddilston, Sir Rob. Sheffeld, Sir Th. Bryan, Sir William Vampage, Sir Edward Darell, Sir Rob. Southwell, Sir John Bothe, Sir Walter Hungerford. Gentlemen-ushers: Rob. Knolles, Henry Wentworth, Francis Barnard, (blank) Kermynow.

f. 120. Bishops: Chichester, Chester, Rochester. Lords: Howard, Fitzwater, Mr. Secretary*, Lord Clynton. Knights: Sir Th. Tirrell, Sir Hugh Vaghan, Sir Rol. Veilvyle, Sir Adrian Fortescu, Sir Richard Fowler. Sir Rob. Peyton, Sir John Seymore, Sir Th. Fynes, Sir Jhon Devynnysshe. Squyers for the Bodie: Henry Wyott, Master of the King's Jewelhouse, Mr. Arthur, Edward Hungerford, Th. Knevett, Ant. Wyngfeld, John Veer, William Parr, John Geynesford, Th. Tirrell, Edward Nevell, Ch. Brandon, Giles Capell, Hugh Denyse, Wistan Broun, Edward Guylford, John Dyve, John Hampden, John Melton, Richard Weston, Th. Stoner, Richard Chombley. Gentlemen-ushers: John Russell, John Moreton, John Clerk, Edward Ap Rees, Edward Doon, Jasper Fyloll, George Kene, Richard Fyssher, John Mershall, William Kyngeston, Rob. Jones, John Leventhorp, John Roy. Sewers of the Chamber: Francis Buddes, Th. Ap Rees, Th. Ap Morgan, Richard Whitehill, Chr. Villers, Griffith Doon, John Salysbury, Nicholas Hyde, John Clon, Hugh Walden, John Verney, John Hyghfeld, Melchior Astolo, Edward Swenerton, Rob. Ardern, William Lyngen. Serjeants of arms: Rob. Wesshyngton, Edward Griffith, James Conyers, John Roydon, Gilb. Mawdesley, John Hamerton, William Butler, Mores Butler, Lionel Crowford, Hugh Chomley, Th. Russhe, Th. Twyseaday, Rob. Marleton, John Harper. Officers at Arms: Garter King at Arms, Richemont King at Arms, Norrey King at Arms, Wyndesore and Somerset heralds, and Rougecrosse, Blewmantill, Barwyke, Rougedragon, Guynes, Hammes, Caleis, Mount Orgeil and Kyldare pursuivants. Grooms of the Chamber: Piers Barbour, Richard Clement, James Worseley, Rob. Hesulrygge, John Pate, John Bygge, William Dalborn, Peter Malvesey, John Pultney, Rob. Hert, John Floid, William Hylton, David Ap Rees, — Forster, Th. Gardygon, Th. Musgrave, Th. Vowell, — Shevall, Rob. Barbour, George Sutton, John Burton, William Coke, William Wynslowe, Henry Ardern, John Davyd, Petie Roy, Nicholas Taylour, Rob. Troughton, Bart. Overton, Janken Vaghan, Nicholas Baker. Pages of the Chamber: John Copenger, John Catchmay, Th. Carvanell, Henry Kemyas, Massy Velyarde, Peter Champney.

f. 122. The King's Grandame. Ladies: Lady Jane, Lady Wylloughby. Gentlewomen: Mrs. Clyfford, Parker, Fowler, Stanhop, Jane and Ratclyffe. Chamberers: Perott Doren, Jane Walter. Counsellors: Mr. Chaunceler, Mr. Chamberleyn, Mr. Steward, Mr. Morgan. Chaplains: Mr. Confessor, Mr. Almoner, Mr. Pexall. Gentlemen: Mr. Parker, George Henyngham, George Frauncesse, Rob. Fernyngham, Rog. Ratclyff, John Lee. Yeomen: Rob. Merbury. William Hylmer, Nicholas Aughton, Richard Aderston, John Merycoke, Rob. Nessewyke, Rob. Hylton, John Madyson, William Love. Grooms: Hugh Carr, Henry Abney, Hugh Worsley, John Hasylby, Rob. Clyff.

122b. The King's Guard: William Kebe, Nicholas Downes, Nicholas Pounser, Humph. Baryngton, Richard Phyllypp and 119 others named.

Mr. John Baptista, Mr. William Lynche, Mr. John Chambre. Squire for the Body: Henry Milborn. Gentleman-ushers: John Sherp, William Tyler. Groom of the Chamber: Th. Wolbaston.

124. Doctor Lacy, Ralph Egerton. Sewers: Henry Pynago, William Norres, Ant. Cotton. Clerk Comptroller: Edward Hatclyff. Yeomen: Rob. Ryssheton, John Nevell, William Royt, John Braban, William Poole, Th. Woderoff, Edward Addeley, George Brocas, Th. Bella, John Gaso, John Dey, William Vaghan, John Prynce. Footman: David Phyllypp. Grooms of the Chamber: William Thomas, William Compton, William Gower, Walter Badham, Chr. Rochestre. Grooms Officers: Alex. Staveley, John Versyn, Rob. Lyttle, John Smythe, Richard Bendon, William Hoxeson, Roger Bedill, James Derham, John Colynson, John Spokesman, William Roodes, Th. Sawcy, John Naples, Th. Wheteley, Th. Peper, John Janyns. Pages officers: John Dowener, William Seynt. Sewer for the Board: John Cornewale. Yeomen: John Grey, William Leygh, Hugh Sterkey, Chr. Roper, Th. Maxson, Th. Dec, John Passy, Rob. Maunger. Minstrels: Hakenett de Lewys, Stephen de Lalaunde. Grooms: Richard Amere, Richard Hert, William Atkynson, John Jely. Pages: Rob. Bowyngton, John Procter, Petie John.

Knight: Sir Henry Merney. Cupbearers: Josselyn Percy, Henry Clyfford. Chaplains: Dr. Rawson, Mr. Geoffrey Wrenne.

Henry Guylford, Th. Lucy, John Moreton.

125. Lords: my Lord Steward, my Lord of Oxford (age 9), my Lord MountJoye, Mr. Treasurer (age 19), the Master of the Wardrobe, Sir John Cutte, Undertreasurer*. Knights: Sirs Edward Poynynges, John Reynesford, John Peche, John Carewe, William Saundes, Th. West, Edward Haward and George Maners. Cupbearer: Richard Hastynges. Squires for the Body: Th. Parr, Ant. Fetipace, John Carr, Th. Bolan, Matth. Baker. Gentlemen-ushers: John Whytyng. Chr. Garnysshe.

The King's chaplains: Mr. Hobbys, Mr. Cosyn, Mr. Vaghan, Mr. Lupton, Mr. Lychfeld, Mr. Honywood, Mr. West, brother to the Lord Dalaware, Mr. Wolsey, Mr. Oxenbrygge, Mr. Esterfeld, Mr. Fyssher, Mr. Rawlyns, Mr. Teylour, Mr. Hatton "profyce of Cambryge," Mr Petir of ye Closet.

126. Lords: The Earl of Aren, the Earl of Ormond, the Lord Hastynges. Knight: Sir Rob. Brandon. Squires for the Body: John Marney, Symken Dyghby. Bishops with lords: the Bishop of Lincoln, my Lord Matravers, the Bishop of Worcester, the Bishop of Carlisle. Minstrels of the Chamber: Gyles, Buntanes, Babram, "Seykebudes" (sackbuts) and shalmeys: Johannes, Guyllam Borrow, Edward Johannes, Alex. Massu. The King's trumpets: Jakett, Petir, Domynyk, John Cecile, Frank, Christopher, Adryan, John Broun, John Blank. The King's falconers: Francis, Peter, Patrick, Mate, Hugh. Keeper of the King's "librally": Sir William Faques, priest. Clerk of the Counseill: William Bellouse.

127. Duke: Buckingham. Lords: The Bishop of Norwich, Lord Broke, Lord Scrope, Lord Fitzhugh, Lord of Seynt Jones, Lord Grey of Wylton. Knights: Sirs William Rede, Th. Bousher, Th. Trenchard, John Ryseley, George Holford, Everard Fyldyng, Nicholas Griffythe, Giles Brygges, John Longford, Rob. Dymmok. Squires for the Body: Piers Champion, John Fortescu, Edward Chamberleyn, Francis Cheny, John Cheny, Th. Cheny, Richard Norres, Edward Ratclyff, William Morgan, Edward Bealknapp, Adam Penyngton, Richard Welden, Edward Bulstrode, Th. Pekeryng, Edm. Breknell, Edward Wadham, William West, Richard Wentworth, Mr. Mewtas. Gentlemen-ushers: William Fitzwilliam, Roger Chomley, Edward Benstede, Walter Frost, Godderd Oxenbrygge, George Hervy, Frowyk of Barnett, John Norton, William Penyngton, James Metcalff, Henry Brugges, Edward Jernyngham, John Pooll, Richard Saundes. Sewers of the Chamber: Walron Coughan, John Souche, Francis Harecourt, Rob. Blount.

Counsellors and chaplains: Mr. Chr. Ursewyke, Mr. Simon Stalworth, Mr. Nicholas West. Earls: Arundale, Northumberlond. Knights and justices: Sir John Fyneux, Chief Justice of Ingeland, Robert Rede, Chief Justice of the Common Place, William Hody, Chief Baron. Knights: Sir Th. Dygby, Sir John Dyghby, Sir James Hoberd, the Master of the Rolls, Sir Edm. Carewe, Sir William Filoll, Sir Rob. Drewre, Sir John Savage. Esquires: Maurice Barkeley, William Denes, John Villers, Th. Denham, William Gascoign, William Cromer, "Henry Grey my Lord of Kent brother." Gentlemen-ushers: James Barkley, John Cromer, Rob. Turges, John Bairley, Henry Wodall, James Loder, Ralph Bukberd, Francis Haselden. Grooms: Hugh Edwardes, John Vavasour.

128. Knight: Sir Richard Chomley. (Not described): Oliver Turnour, John Whytyngton, porter, the Under-porter, John Freynce, Rob. Hirdelston, John Williams, Richard Birton, Henry Hopkyns, Cadwalader John, Davy Jones, Richard Babsey, John Auteknapp, Rob. Auler, William Maddokkes, John Brokwall, George Todd, gaoler. Officers of the King's Ordynance: William Huxley, Elys Hylton, John Yong. Grooms: Richard Fawconer, Rob. Fyssher, John Wystowe, Humphrey Walker, Blace Billard, Pace Reynold, Henry Cramer, Wymond Godfrey, William Lacryan, Roger Hyngelych, Edward Hygges, Richard Smyth, gardener, Chr. Wodland, smith, Walter Harowe, Miles Reynold.

129. The Bishop of Ely, My Lord of Canterbury. Lord: my Lord Clyfford. Knights: Sirs John Hungerford, Rob. Plompton, Richard York, John Dunham, George Forster, Rob. Poynys, Rob. Curson. Squires for the Body: John Awdeley, Th. Nevell, William Plompton, Edm. Bray, Edward Ferrers, Th. Moreton, Roger Townesend, Richard Hungerford, Gerard Danett, George Guylford, John Gage, Chr. Willoughby, John Stanley. Gentlemen-ushers: Rob. Witell, Richard Irton, William Bulstrode, William Husse, Th. Seyntmarten, John Pauncefort, Nicholas Sterley, Ralph Worseley. Sewer: Th. Maston. Grooms: Mr. John the King's surgeon, Richard Floyd, Henry the King's godson, Jankyn Floyd, William Lambert, Richard Smythe, Stephen the King's tailor, Th. James, William Pertryche, Mr. John the King's sage French doctor, Mr. Martyn the King's fool, "For Phypp hys master" (this a separate entry), Th. Pownde, Crochett the King's armourer.

Knights: Sir John Ferrers, Sir Richard Knyghtley. Chaplains: Mr. Sydename, Mr. Alkoke, Mr. Gundesalus, Mr. John Glynne, Mr. Salysbury, Mr. Ant. Fyssher, Mr. Weldon, Mr. Derley, Mr. Creton.

Continues ...