Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Cross

Cross is in Charges.

Portugal Arms. Argent, in Cross azure each charged with ten plates. Source.

Portugal 1385 Arms. Argent, in Cross azure each charged with five plates in saltire charged with ten golden triple-towered castles and four fleur de lys in cross vert, Source.

Portugal 1481 Arms. Argent, in Cross azure each charged with five plates in saltire charged with seven golden triple-towered castles. Source.

Vesci Arms. Or, a Cross sable. Source.

Cross Botonée

Rich Arms. Gules, a chevron between three crosses botonée or. Source.

Cross Crosslet

Cross Crosslet. A cross with equal length arms with the ends of each arm crossed.

Beauchamp Arms. Gules a fess or between six cross crosslets or.

The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel Volume 1 Chapters 1-60 1307-1342

The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel offer one of the most vivid and immediate accounts of 14th-century Europe, written by a knight who lived through the events he describes, and experienced some of them first hand. Covering the early decades of the Hundred Years’ War, this remarkable chronicle follows the campaigns of Edward III of England, the politics of France and the Low Countries, and the shifting alliances that shaped medieval warfare. Unlike later historians, Jean le Bel writes with a strong sense of eyewitness authenticity, drawing on personal experience and the testimony of fellow soldiers. His narrative captures not only battles and sieges, but also the realities of military life, diplomacy, and the ideals of chivalry that governed noble society. A key source for Jean Froissart, Le Bel’s chronicle stands on its own as a compelling and insightful work, at once historical record and literary achievement. This translation builds on the 1905 edition published in French by Jules Viard, adding extensive translations from other sources Rymer's Fœdera, the Chronicles of Adam Murimuth, William Nangis, Walter of Guisborough, a Bourgeois of Valenciennes, Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke and Richard Lescot to enrich the original text and Viard's notes.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Darcy Arms. Azure semée of cross crosslets argent, three cinquefoils of the last. Source.

Walpole Arms. Or a fess between two chevrons sable three cross crosslets of the field. Source.

Baron Annaly Arms. Argent, on a chevron engrailed gules, between three roses of the last, a cross crosslet or. Source.

Cross Engrailed

Bourchier Arms. Argent, argent a cross engrailed gules between four water bougets sable. Source.

Mohun Arms. Or a cross engrailed sable.

Paget Arms. Sable, on a cross engrailed between four eagles displayed argent, five lions passant guardant of the field. Source.

Peyton Arms. Sable, a cross engrailed or a mullet in the first quarter argent.

Ufford Arms. Sable, a cross engrailed or. Source.

Cross Flory

Nelson Arms. Or, a cross flory sable a bendlet gules. Source.

Cross Gules

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Bigod Arms. Or a cross gules. Source.

Burgh Arms. Or a cross gules. Source.

Churchill Arms. Sable a lion rampant argent a canton of the last a cross gules. Source.

Villiers Arms. Argent, on a cross gules five escallops. Source.

Cross Moline

Beke Arms. Gules, a cross recerclée argent. Sometimes a cross moline. Source.

Bentinck Arms. Azure a cross moline argent. Source.

Bruyn Arms. Azure, a cross moline or. Appears to be the same as Molyneux Arms.

NO IMAGE. Argent, a cross moline sable.

Molyneux Arms. Azure a cross moline or. Source.

Ughtred Arms. Gules, a cross moline or. Source.

Cross Patoncé

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Lascelles Arms. Sable a cross patoncé within a Bordure or. Source.

Cross Recerclée

Beke Arms. Gules, a cross recerclée argent. Sometimes a cross moline. Source.