The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Earl Roden is in Earl Ireland.
On 1st December 1771 Robert Jocelyn 1st Earl Roden (age 40) was created 1st Earl Roden. Anne Hamilton Countess Roden (age 41) by marriage Countess Roden.
On 21st June 1797 Robert Jocelyn 1st Earl Roden (age 65) died at York Street, Dublin. His son Robert (age 40) succeeded 2nd Earl Roden.
On 29th June 1820 Robert Jocelyn 2nd Earl Roden (age 63) died. His son Robert (age 31) succeeded 3rd Earl Roden. Maria Frances Catherine Stapleton Countess Roden by marriage Countess Roden.
On 20th March 1870 Robert Jocelyn 3rd Earl Roden (age 81) died at Edinburgh. His grandson Robert (age 23) succeeded 4th Earl Roden, 2nd Baron Clanbrassill of Hyde Hall in Hertfordshire.
On 10th January 1880 Robert Jocelyn 4th Earl Roden (age 33) died. His uncle John (age 57) succeeded 5th Earl Roden, 3rd Baron Clanbrassill of Hyde Hall in Hertfordshire. Sophia Hobhouse Countess Roden by marriage Countess Roden.
In 1897 John Strange Jocelyn 5th Earl Roden (age 74) died. His first cousin William (age 54) succeeded 6th Earl Roden. Baron Clanbrassill of Hyde Hall in Hertfordshire extinct.
On 23rd January 1910 William Jocelyn 6th Earl Roden (age 67) died unmarried. His brother Robert (age 64) succeeded 7th Earl Roden
On 18th December 1915 Robert Jocelyn 7th Earl Roden (age 70) died. His son Robert (age 32) succeeded 8th Earl Roden Elinor Jessie Parr Countess Roden by marriage Countess Roden.
On 30th October 1956 Robert Jocelyn 8th Earl Roden (age 73) died. His son Robert (age 46) succeeded 9th Earl Roden
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 18th October 1993 Robert Jocelyn 9th Earl Roden (age 83) died. His son Robert (age 55) succeeded 10th Earl Roden