The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Paternal Family Tree: Wyntoun aka Seton
Around 8th January 1426 [his father] Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley and Egidia Hay were married.
After 1438 [his father] Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley and [his mother] Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley (age 27) were married.
Before 20th May 1455 George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley was born to [his father] Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley and [his mother] Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley (age 45).
On 20th May 1455 George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley and Elizabeth Dunbar were married. She the daughter of John Dunbar 1st Earl of Moray and Marjorie Stewart Countess Moray. He the son of Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley and Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley (age 45).
In 1458 George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 2) and Anabella Stewart (age 22) were married. She the daughter of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. He the son of Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley and Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley (age 47).
Around 1459 [his brother-in-law] John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl (age 19) and Margaret "Fair Lady of Galloway" Douglas Countess (age 24) were married. She by marriage Countess Atholl. She the daughter of Archibald Douglas 2nd Duke Touraine and Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 51). He the son of James "Black Knight of Lorn" Stewart and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. They were half fifth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 15th May 1459 James Douglas 1st Earl Morton and [his sister-in-law] Joan Stewart Countess Morton (age 31) were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. She the daughter of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 3rd August 1460 [his brother-in-law] King James II of Scotland (age 29) was killed accidentally whilst besieging Roxburgh Castle when a cannon exploded and he was hit by debris. He was buried at Holyrood Abbey, Holyrood. His son James (age 9) succeeded III King Scotland.
William Douglas 3rd Lord Drumlanrig (age 20) was present.
On 15th November 1461 [his brother-in-law] Nicholas Hay 2nd Earl Erroll (age 25) and [his half-sister] Elizabeth Gordon Countess Erroll were married. She by marriage Countess Erroll. She the daughter of [his father] Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley. He the son of William Hay 1st Earl Erroll (age 38) and Beatrice Douglas Countess Erroll.
Before 1467 [his brother-in-law] James Stewart 1st Earl Buchan (age 24) and Margaret Ogilvy Countess Buchan were married. He the son of James "Black Knight of Lorn" Stewart and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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Around 1469 [his brother-in-law] John Kennedy 2nd Lord Kennedy (age 14) and [his half-sister] Elizabeth Gordon Countess Erroll were married. She the daughter of [his father] Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley.
In 1469 [his brother-in-law] James Stewart 1st Earl Buchan (age 27) was created 1st Earl Buchan. Margaret Ogilvy Countess Buchan by marriage Countess Buchan.
On 15th July 1470 [his father] Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley died. His son George (age 15) succeeded 2nd Earl Huntley. [his wife] Anabella Stewart (age 34) by marriage Countess Huntley.
On 24th July 1471 the marriage of George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 16) and [his wife] Anabella Stewart (age 35) was annulled due to affinity.
On 18th August 1471 George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 16) and Elizabeth Hay Countess Huntley (age 21) were married; she having been his mistress. She by marriage Countess Huntley. She the daughter of William Hay 1st Earl Erroll and Beatrice Douglas Countess Erroll. He the son of Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley and Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley (age 61).
After 20th October 1474 [his son] Alexander Gordon 3rd Earl Huntley and [his daughter-in-law] Jean Stewart Countess Huntley (age 13) were married. She the daughter of [his brother-in-law] John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl (age 34) and Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl (age 17). He the son of George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 19).
Before April 1475 [his brother-in-law] John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl (age 35) and Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl (age 18) were married. She by marriage Countess Atholl. She the daughter of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 65) and Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness. He the son of James "Black Knight of Lorn" Stewart and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. They were half fifth cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 9th June 1479 [his mother] Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley (age 69) died.
On 20th November 1480 [his sister-in-law] Eleanor Stewart Duchess Austria (age 47) died.
Before 14th October 1485 [his son-in-law] William Hay 3rd Earl Erroll (age 36) and [his daughter] Isabel Gordon Countess Erroll were married. She by marriage Countess Erroll. She the daughter of George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 30) and [his wife] Anabella Stewart (age 49). He the son of William Hay 1st Earl Erroll and Beatrice Douglas Countess Erroll. They were third cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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After 16th October 1486 [his sister-in-law] Joan Stewart Countess Morton (deceased) died.
On 27th March 1489 Gilbert Kennedy 1st Lord Kennedy (age 84) died. His son [his brother-in-law] John (age 34) succeeded 2nd Lord Kennedy. [his half-sister] Elizabeth Gordon Countess Erroll by marriage Lord Kennedy.
On 21st February 1491 [his son-in-law] Patrick Hepburn 1st Earl Bothwell (age 39) and [his daughter] Margaret Gordon Countess Bothwell were married. She by marriage Countess Bothwell. She the daughter of George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 35).
On 13th October 1494 [his sister-in-law] Isabella Stewart Duchess Brittany (age 68) died.
Before September 1496 [his son-in-law] Perkin Warbreck (age 22) and [his daughter] Catherine Gordon were married. She the daughter of George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 41) and [his wife] Elizabeth Hay Countess Huntley (age 46).
Around 1498 Andrew Gray 2nd Lord Gray (age 52) and [his wife] Elizabeth Hay Countess Huntley (age 48) were married. She by marriage Lord Gray. She the daughter of William Hay 1st Earl Erroll and Beatrice Douglas Countess Erroll.
In 1499 [his brother-in-law] James Stewart 1st Earl Buchan (age 57) died. His son Alexander succeeded 2nd Earl Buchan. Margaret Ruthven Countess Buchan by marriage Countess Buchan.
On 17th April 1500 [his half-sister] Elizabeth Gordon Countess Erroll died.
On 8th June 1501 George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 46) died. His son Alexander succeeded 3rd Earl Huntley. [his daughter-in-law] Jean Stewart Countess Huntley (age 40) by marriage Countess Huntley.
In 1509 [his former wife] Anabella Stewart (age 73) died.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 27th June 1509 [his former wife] Elizabeth Hay Countess Huntley (age 59) died.
[his daughter] Elizabeth Gordon was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley.
[his son] James Gordon was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley.
[his daughter] Isabel Gordon Countess Erroll was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley and Anabella Stewart. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She married before 14th October 1485 her third cousin once removed William Hay 3rd Earl Erroll, son of William Hay 1st Earl Erroll and Beatrice Douglas Countess Erroll, and had issue.
[his daughter] Janet Gordon was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley.
[his son] William Gordon of 1st of Gight was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley.
[his daughter] Catherine Gordon was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley and Elizabeth Hay Countess Huntley. Mother not certain but likely. She married before September 1496 Perkin Warbreck.
[his daughter] Margaret Gordon Countess Bothwell was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley. She married 21st February 1491 Patrick Hepburn 1st Earl Bothwell and had issue.
[his son] Adam Gordon Earl Sutherland was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley. He married Elizabeth Sutherland 10th Countess Sutherland, daughter of John de Moravia Sutherland 8th Earl Sutherland, and had issue.
[his son] Alexander Gordon 3rd Earl Huntley was born to George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley. He married (1) after 20th October 1474 Jean Stewart Countess Huntley, daughter of John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl and Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl, and had issue (2) after 27th July 1511 his third cousin Elizabeth Gray Countess Huntley and Rothes.
Kings Wessex: Great x 14 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 11 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 17 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 12 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings England: Great x 10 Grand Son of King John of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 13 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 21 Grand Son of Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine I King of the Franks
Kings France: Great x 14 Grand Son of Robert "Pious" II King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 19 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alan Wyntoun
Great x 1 Grandfather: William Seton 1st Lord Seton 7 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alexander Seton
Great x 3 Grandfather: Alexander Seton
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Seton 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Freskin Cheney
Great x 3 Grandmother: Christian Cheney 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Comyn 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
GrandFather: Alexander Seton 8 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Father: Alexander Gordon 1st Earl Huntley 9 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Adam Gordon
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Gordon
GrandMother: Elizabeth Gordon
George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley 10 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Crichton of Crichton
GrandFather: William Crichton 1st Lord Crichton
Mother: Elizabeth Crichton Countess Huntley