Biography of King William I of Scotland 1143-1214

Paternal Family Tree: Dunkeld

Maternal Family Tree: Adela Valois Countess Blois and Vermandois

1165 Death of King Malcolm IV of Scotland

1165 William "The Lion" Crowned King Scotland

Before 1139 [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria (age 24) and [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria (age 18) were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] William Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey and [his grandmother] Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey. He the son of [his grandfather] King David I of Scotland (age 54) and [his grandmother] Maud Queen Consort Scotland. They were half sixth cousins.

Around 1143 King William I of Scotland was born to Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria (age 29) and Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria (age 23).

On 12th June 1152 [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria (age 38) died. His half brother [his uncle] Simon (age 54) succeeded 4th Earl Huntingdon, 4th Earl of Northampton. His son [his brother] Malcolm (age 11) succeeded 2nd Earl of Northumbria.

                    In 1157 brothers [his brother] King Malcolm IV of Scotland (age 15) and King William I of Scotland (age 14) paid homage to King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 23) at Peverell Castle, Derbyshire [Map].
                
                    King Malcolm IV of Scotland was deprived of his lands in Cumbria and titles by King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. Earl of Northumbria forfeit.
                
                    King Malcolm IV of Scotland was granted 5th Earl Huntingdon, 5th Earl of Northampton.
                
                    King William I of Scotland was deprived of the Earldom of Northumbria.

Death of King Malcolm IV of Scotland

On 9th December 1165 [his brother] King Malcolm IV of Scotland (age 24) died. His brother William (age 22) succeeded I King Scotland, 6th Earl Huntingdon.

William "The Lion" Crowned King Scotland

On 24th December 1165 King William I of Scotland (age 22) was crowned I King Scotland.

In 1174 King William I of Scotland (age 31) was captured at Ratten Row [Map] whilst beseiging Alnwick Castle, Northumberland [Map].

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Battle of Alnwick

On 13th July 1174 a small army commanded by Ranulf Glanville (age 62) with Hugh de Kevelioc Gernon 5th Earl Chester (age 27) surprised William "Lion" I King Scotland 1143-1214's army in a dawn raid known as the Battle of Alnwick near Alnwick, Northumberland [Map]. King William I of Scotland (age 31) was captured and imprisoned initially in Newcastle upon Tyne Castle. He was subsequently moved to the more remote, and secure, Falaise Castle [Map].

Treaty of Falaise

In December 1174 King William I of Scotland (age 31), imprisoned at Falaise Castle [Map], signed the Treaty of Falaise by which he agreed King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 41) was overlord of Scotland. He also agreed to marry a bride of Henry's choosing. He married [his future wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 4) twelve years later.

Simon Senlis 7th Earl Huntingdon 6th Earl of Northampton (age 36) succeeded 7th Earl Huntingdon, 6th Earl of Northampton.

On 5th September 1186 King William I of Scotland (age 43) and Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 16) were married at Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Map] by Archbishop Baldwin Avigo (age 61). She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland at Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Map]. His bride had been chosen by King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 53) as part of the Treaty of Falaise. William received Edinburgh Castle [Map] as a wedding gift from King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. The difference in their ages was 27 years. He the son of Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria and Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria. They were half fourth cousins. She a great granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

In 1178 [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria (age 58) died.

In or before 1191 [his son-in-law] Robert Bruce and [his illegitimate daughter] Isabella Mac William Dunkeld were married. She the illegitmate daughter of King William I of Scotland (age 47) and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.

In 1191 [his son-in-law] Robert Ros (age 19) and [his illegitimate daughter] Isabella Mac William Dunkeld were married at Haddington, Haddingtonshire. She the illegitmate daughter of King William I of Scotland (age 48) and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.

In 1193 [his daughter] Margaret Dunkeld Countess Kent was born to King William I of Scotland (age 50) and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 23). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

Richard I Re-crowned

Chronicle of Roger de Hoveden. 17th April 1194. On the seventeenth day of April, a Sunday within the Octave of Easter, a great assembly gathered in the Church of St. Swithun [Map]. Present were: Hubert (age 34), Archbishop of Canterbury, John (age 44), Archbishop of Dublin, Hugh (age 69), Bishop of Durham, Hugh of Lincoln, Richard of London, Gilbert of Rochester, William of Ely, Seffrid of Chichester, Henry of Exeter, William of Hereford, the Bishop of Worcester, the Bishop of St. David's, and the Bishop of Bangor, together with many abbots, clergy, and laypeople. Richard, King of England, clothed in royal garments and wearing a golden crown on his head, came forth from his chamber already crowned. He held in his right hand the royal sceptre, topped with the sign of the cross, and in his left hand a golden rod, topped with the figure of a dove. On his right walked William, Bishop of Ely, his chancellor, and on his left, Richard, Bishop of London. Preceding them in ordered procession were the archbishops, bishops, abbots, monks, and clerics. Following the king were earls, barons, knights, and a great multitude of common people.

And a silken canopy, supported by four lances, was carried above the king [King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 36)] by four earls: Roger Bigod (age 50), Earl of Norfolk, William, Earl of the Isle of Wight, the Earl of Salisbury (age 18), the Earl of Ferrers (age 26).Three swords taken from the royal treasury were carried before the king: one sword was carried by William (age 51), King of Scotland. another was borne by Hamelin (age 65), Earl of Warenne. The third was carried by Ranulf (age 24), Earl of Chester. Among them, the King of Scotland walked in the middle, with the Earl of Warenne at his right and the Earl of Chester at his left.

Septima decima die mensis Aprilis, die Dominica in octavis Paschæ, convenientibus in unum in ecclesia Sancti Swithuni Huberto Cantuariensi, et Johanne Dublinensi archiepiscopis; et Hugone Dunelmensi, et Hugone Lincolniensi, et Ricardo Londoniensi, et Gilberto Roffensi, et Willelmo Eliensi, et Sefrido Cicestrensi, et Henrico Exoniensi, et¹ .... Willelmo Herefordensi, et Wigornensi, et de S. David, et¹ .... Pangorensi episcopis; et abbatibus multis, et clero et populo; Ricardus rex Angliæ vestimentis regalibus indutus, coronam auream habens in capite,² processit de thalamo suo coronatus, gestans in manu sua dextra sceptrum regale, cujus sum mitate habetur signum crucis, et in manu sinistra virgam auream, in cujus summitate habetur species columbz et a dextris ejus ibat Willelmus Eliensis episcopus, cancellarius suus, et a sinistris Ricardus Londoniensis episcopus. Præcedebat quoque eos ordinata processio archiepiscoporum et episcoporum, et abbatum, et monachorum et clericorum. Comites vero, et barones, et milites, et magna plebis multitudo, sequebantur regem.

Et pannus sericus quatuor lanceis superpositus ferebatur supra regem a quatuor comitibus: videlicet, Rogero Bigot comite de Norfolchia, et Willelmo comite de Insula Vectæ et—comite Salesbiriensi, et—comite de Ferreres. Et tres gladii de thesauro regis sumpti gestabantur ante regem; quorum unum gestabat Willelmus rex Scottorum, et alterum portabat Hamelinus comes de Warenna, et tertium gestabat Ranulfus comes Cestriæ: medius autem illorum ibat rex Scottorum, et comes Warennæ a dextris ejus, et comes Cestriæ a sinistris ejus.

Note 1. blanks for names of the bishops of Worcester and Bangor.

Note 2. coronam auream habens in capite. It is worthwhile remarking that notwithstanding the political significance given to this second coronation of Richard, it was a ceremony different in kind from the first, and far more in itself analogous to the great crown-wearing days of the earlier Norman kings. The king receives the crown from the archbishop privately (Gerv. l.?S7), and presents himself to the people already crowned and in his royal robes. It is not so much a renewal of his "inauguration" after an eclipse of dignity or even a loss of it, as an assertion that that dignity has undergone no diminution. The day and place recall the Easter crown-wearing of William the Conqueror at Winchester. Gervase was reminded by them of the Canterbury crowning of king Stephen, c. 1588.

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In 1195 [his daughter] Isabella Dunkeld Countess Norfolk was born to King William I of Scotland (age 52) and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 25). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 24th August 1198 [his son] King Alexander II of Scotland was born to King William I of Scotland (age 55) and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 28) at Haddington, Haddingtonshire. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

In 1200 [his daughter] Marjorie Dunkeld Countess Pembroke was born to King William I of Scotland (age 57) and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 30). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

1209. Chronicles mention of Chapel of St John the Evangelist, Bolton [Map] [Boyeltun] as the meeting place of King John of England (age 42) and King William I of Scotland (age 66). King William I of Scotland sent his two daughters [his daughter] Margaret Dunkeld Countess Kent (age 16) and [his daughter] Isabella Dunkeld Countess Norfolk (age 14) as hostages to keep the peace. They, Margaret and Isabella, were imprisoned with Eleanor Fair Maid of Brittany (age 25) at Corfe Castle, Dorset [Map].

On 4th December 1214 King William I of Scotland (age 71) died at Stirling [Map]. He was buried at Arbroath Abbey. His son [his son] Alexander (age 16) succeeded II King Scotland.

On 12th February 1233 [his former wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland (age 63) died. She was buried at Balmerino Abbey. Her brother [his former brother-in-law] Raoul (age 61) succeeded I Viscount of Beaumont le Vicomte.

Historical Works of Ralph de Decito. On the Octave of Easter, he received the royal crown from the hands of Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, at Winchester; William, King of Scotland, was present.

In octavis Paschæ regni diadema suscepit de manibus Huberti Cantuariensis archiepiscopi Wintoniæ; Willelmus rex Scotiæ præsens fuit.

[his illegitimate daughter] Isabella Mac William Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.

[his illegitimate daughter] Aufrica Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.

[his illegitimate daughter] Ada Fitzwilliam Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.

[his illegitimate son] Robert de London Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.

[his illegitimate daughter] Margaret Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Daughter Adam Hythus.

[his illegitimate son] Henry de Galightly Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.