Quanterness Chambered Cairn, Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland, British Isles [Map]

Carbon Date. 2590BC. Late Neolithic Carbon Dates

Report: Organic-rich soil, from Stratum 1 area III, layer 69 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland. [Ed: TL date OxTL-189a on sherds from main chamber gave 4320 250.]

ID: 4426, C14 ID: Q-1294 Date BP: 4590 +/- 75, Start Date BP: 4515, End BP: 4665

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'Investigations in Orkney' (1979), 73-4; 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2540BC. Late Neolithic Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as femur, Stratum 3, area II, layer 22 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4427, C14 ID: Q-1363 Date BP: 4540 +/- 110, Start Date BP: 4430, End BP: 4650

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2360BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as tibiae, Stratum 2, Pit A, same burial as Q-1479 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4428, C14 ID: SRR-754 Date BP: 4360 +/- 50, Start Date BP: 4310, End BP: 4410

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2300BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as humerus, Pit A, same burial as SRR-754 and Q-1479 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4429, C14 ID: Pta-1626 Date BP: 4300 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4240, End BP: 4360

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2220BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as dog tibia, at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland. Comment (subm): To confirm not intrusive into tomb.

ID: 4430, C14 ID: Pta-2649 Date BP: 4220 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4160, End BP: 4280

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Antiquity, 55, 1981, 128; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2170BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as femurs, Stratum 2, Pit A, same burial as SRR-754 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4431, C14 ID: Q-1479 Date BP: 4170 +/- 75, Start Date BP: 4095, End BP: 4245

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2130BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as radius, Pit C, same skeleton as SRR-755 and Q-1480 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4432, C14 ID: Pta-1606 Date BP: 4130 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4070, End BP: 4190

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 2110BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as femur, Stratum 3, area III, layer 62 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4433, C14 ID: Q-1451 Date BP: 4110 +/- 100, Start Date BP: 4010, End BP: 4210

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 1905BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as tibia, Stratum 5, Pit C, area V, same burial as SRR-755 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4434, C14 ID: Q-1480 Date BP: 3905 +/- 70, Start Date BP: 3835, End BP: 3975

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 1870BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as femur, Stratum 5, Pit C, area V, same burial as Q-1480 at Quanterness [Map], Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 4435, C14 ID: SRR-755 Date BP: 3870 +/- 55, Start Date BP: 3815, End BP: 3925

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The Prehistory of Orkney', 1985

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 570BC. Early Iron Age Carbon Dates

Report: Soil, id as organic-rich, from primary occupation at Quanterness [Map], Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 827, C14 ID: Q-1465 Date BP: 2570 +/- 85, Start Date BP: 2485, End BP: 2655

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The prehistory of Orkney', (Edin UP), rev ed 1990 (calibration and synthesis)

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 440BC. Middle Iron Age Carbon Dates

Report: Soil, id as organic-rich, same as Q-1465, at Quanterness [Map], Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 828, C14 ID: Q-1464 Date BP: 2440 +/- 85, Start Date BP: 2355, End BP: 2525

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The prehistory of Orkney', (Edin UP), rev ed 1990 (calibration and synthesis)

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 130BC. Middle Iron Age Carbon Dates

Report: Soil, id as organic-rich, postdating secondary features at Quanterness [Map], Orkney, Scotland.

ID: 829, C14 ID: Q-1463 Date BP: 2130 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 2070, End BP: 2190

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: C Renfrew

Reference Name: Antiquity, 50, 1976, 194-203; Renfrew C, 'The prehistory of Orkney', (Edin UP), rev ed 1990 (calibration and synthesis)

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Carbon Date. 20. Late Iron Age Carbon Dates

Report: Bone, id as Vulpes vulpes, fox, from Neolithic tomb at Quanterness [Map], Orkney Mainland, off Scotland. Subm J Clutton-Brock & M J Armour-Chelu. Comment (subm): as suspected, this animal was intrusive into a tomb chamber. This date is valuable as resolving previous uncertainty as to range of carnivores present in Neolithic Orkney.

ID: 6690, C14 ID: OxA-1117 Date BP: 1980 +/- 80, Start Date BP: 1900, End BP: 2060

OS Letter: HY, OS East: 417, OS North: 129

Archaeologist Name: A C Renfrew

Reference Name: Archaeometry, 29, 1987, 300; Clutton-Brock, J in 'Investigations in Orkney' (ed A C Renfrew), 1979, 112-34

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

Creswell Crags

Derbyshire

England. Subm R M Jacobi. Comment (subm): is the only fossil of lion to overlap stratigraphically with Late Glacial artefacts and faunal specimens; specimen submitted to test whether fossil was of Late Glacial date... but is shown to be much older

and with OxA-1206 confirms stratigraphic overlap of fossils of very different ages in this part of the cave. All other fossils of lion at Pin Hole are from deep in the faunal spread and their overlap with Middle Palaeolithic artefacts would seem to imply ages greater than OxA-1806; see also OxA-1813.""

Carbon Date. 1080. Late Medieval

Report: tooth:horse, u.l. premolar

ID: 6055, C14 ID: OxA-4739 Date BP: 920 +/- 80, Start Date BP: 840, End BP: 1000

Abstract: Quaterness [Map], Orkney, Scotland

Archaeologist Name: Clutton-Brock

Reference Name: Archaeometry 37(2), 1995, 417-430

Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767

History of the Orkney Islands Chapter II. To one or other of there, it is probable, must belong that which has been lately discovered at Qanterness [Map]. As works of that nature have never been clearly understood, though they have excited much curiosity in men who take pleasure in studying the progress of the human mind, by looking back to early ages, the utmost attention has been given to examine that Picts-house with care, to measure its dimensions accurately, and to delineate the form of all its parts with precision. Situated on a gentle declivity, under the brow of the hill of Wideford, it looks toward the North Isles, has a full view of the bay of Frith, and the pleasant little island of Dansey, from which it is not far distant, and lies little more than a mile west from the road or harbour of Kirkwall. Like the rest it bears externally the form of a truncated cone, the height of which is about fourteen feet, and the circumference at the base three hundred and eighty-four; but whether, like them also, it be surrounded by one or two circular walls, the quantity of rubbish prevented us from discovering, though, that it is so, is very probable. In one respect it differs from moll of them, as it stands alone, and at a distance from the shore; whereas, in general, they are situated on the shores of the sea, and several of them at no great distance from, and in full view of one another, as if they were some way or other connected, or had been intended for mutual communication.

Internally it consists of several cells or apartments, the principal one of which is in the centre, twenty-one feet fix inches long, six feet six inches broad, and eleven feet fix inches high, built without any cement, with large flat stones, the one immediately above projecting over that below, so as gradually to contract the space within as the building rifest till the opposite walls meet at the top, where they are bound together by large stones laid across, to serve as it were for key-stones. Six other apartments of an exactly similar form, constructed with the fame fort of materials, and united in the same manner, but of little more than half the dimensions, communicate with this in the centre, each by a passage about two feet square, on a level with the floor; and the whole may be considered as connected together by a passage of nearly the same extent from without, which leads into this chief apartment. So far as can now be discovered, there does not appear ever to have been, in any part of the building, either chink or hole for the admission of air or light; and this circumstance alone is sufficient to show that it had not been destined for the abode of men. The contents were accordingly such as might have been naturally expected in such a gloomy mansion. None of those things, which have been discovered in places, were found here; but the earth at the bottom of the cells, as deep as it could be dug, was of a dark colour, of a greasy feel, and of a fetid odour, plentifully intermingled with bones, some of which were al- most intirely consumed, and others had, in defiance of time, remained so entire,' as to how that they were the bones of men, of birds, and of some domestic animals. But though many of them had nearly mouldered into dust, they exhibited no marks of having been burnt; nor were names of any kind to be seen within any part of the building. In one of the apartments, an entire human skeleton, in a prone attitude, was found; but in the others, the bones were not only separated from one another, but divided into very small fragments.