Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Earl Morton

Earl Morton is in Earl.

See: Earl Morton.

In 1458 James Douglas 1st Earl Morton was created 1st Earl Morton.

On 15th May 1459 James Douglas 1st Earl Morton and Joan Stewart Countess Morton [aged 31] were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. She the daughter of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 22nd October 1493 James Douglas 1st Earl Morton died. His son John succeeded 2nd Earl Morton, 5th Lord Dalkeith.

Battle of Flodden

On 9th September 1513 at the Battle of Flodden was fought at the Branxton, Northumberland [Map]. the English army was commanded by Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 70], Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 40], Edmund Howard [aged 35], Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 45], Edward Stanley 1st Baron Monteagle [aged 51] and Marmaduke Constable [aged 56].

The English army included: Henry "Shepherd Lord" Clifford 10th Baron Clifford [aged 59], William Conyers 1st Baron Conyers [aged 44], Thomas Berkeley 5th Baron Berkeley [aged 41] and Richard Neville 2nd Baron Latimer of Snape [aged 45].

Father and son Ralph ellerker of risby in yorkshire and Ralph Ellerker were knighted by Thomas Howard Earl of Surrey, as were Marmaduke Constable [aged 33], William Constable [aged 38], George Darcy 1st Baron Darcy Aston [aged 16], Edmund Walsingham [aged 33], Thomas Burgh 7th Baron Cobham 5th Baron Strabolgi 1st Baron Burgh [aged 25] and Walter Stonor [aged 36].

John Booth [aged 78], Randall Babington, John Bigod [aged 38] and Thomas Fitzwilliam [aged 39], Christopher Savage [aged 49], Thomas Venables [aged 44] and Brian Tunstall [aged 33] were killed.

Bryan Stapleton of Wighill [aged 55] was killed. (Some reports have him dying in 1518).

The Scottish army suffered heavy casualties:

King James IV of Scotland [aged 40] was killed. His body was taken to London, then to Sheen Priory, Richmond [Map]; thereafter it disappeared. His son James [aged 1] succeeded V King Scotland.

Archbishop Alexander Stewart [aged 20] was killed.

David Kennedy 1st Earl Cassilis [aged 43] was killed. His son Gilbert [aged 18] succeeded 2nd Earl Cassilis. Isabel Campbell Countess Cassilis by marriage Countess Cassilis.

William Sinclair 2nd Earl Caithness [aged 54] was killed. His son John succeeded 3rd Earl Caithness.

Matthew Stewart 2nd Earl Lennox was killed. His son John [aged 23] succeeded 3rd Earl Lennox.

William Hay 4th Earl Erroll was killed. His son William [aged 18] succeeded 5th Earl Erroll.

John Douglas 2nd Earl Morton was killed. His son James succeeded 3rd Earl Morton, 6th Lord Dalkeith.

Adam Hepburn 2nd Earl Bothwell was killed. His son Patrick [aged 1] succeeded 3rd Earl Bothwell.

Alexander Stewart 4th of Garlies [aged 32] was killed. His son Alexander [aged 6] succeeded 5th Lord Garlies.

Alexander Elphinstone 1st Lord Elphinstone was killed. His son Alexander [aged 3] succeeded 2nd Lord Elphinstone.

Thomas Hay, George Hepburn Bishop Isles [aged 59], Adam Hepburn Master [aged 56], Thomas "Younger of Cushnie" Lumsden

William Douglas 6th Lord Drumlanrig was killed. William "Younger" Douglas 7th Lord Drumlanrig succeeded 7th Lord Drumlanrig.

George Seton 5th Lord Seton was killed. His son George succeeded 6th Lord Seton.

John Hay 2nd Lord Hay of Yester was killed. His son John [aged 23] succeeded 3rd Lord Hay of Yester. Elizabeth Douglas Lady Hay by marriage Lord Hay of Yester.

Henry Sinclair 3rd Lord Sinclair [aged 48] was killed. His son William succeeded 4th Lord Sinclair.

James Stewart 1st Lord of Traquair [aged 33] was killed. His son William [aged 7] succeeded 2nd Lord Traquair.

John Maxwell 4th Lord Maxwell [aged 57] was killed. His son Robert [aged 20] succeeded 5th Lord Maxwell.

George Home 4th Lord Home and John Stewart 2nd Earl Atholl [aged 38] fought.

William Graham 1st Earl Montrose [aged 49] was killed. His son William [aged 21] succeeded 2nd Earl Montrose.

Robert Erskine 4th Lord Erskine 16th Earl of Mar was killed. His son John [aged 26] de jure 17th Earl Mar, Lord Erskine.

Thomas Stewart 2nd Lord Innermeath [aged 52] was killed. His son Richard succeeded 3rd Lord Innermeath.

Robert Crichton 2nd Lord Crichton of Sanquhar [aged 41] was killed. His son Robert [aged 22] succeeded 3rd Lord Crichton of Sanquhar

Father and son William Rollo [aged 59] and Robert Rollo 5th of Duncrub [aged 34], brothers David Lyon of Cossins, William Lyon and George Lyon were killed. John Somerville 1st of Cambusnethan [aged 55], William Keith of Inverugie [aged 43], David Wemyss of Wemyss [aged 40], Robert Keith Master of Marischal [aged 30], Guiscard Harbottle [aged 28], John Erskine, David Home [aged 22], Andrew Stewart 1st Lord Avondale [aged 43], Archibald Campbell 2nd Earl Argyll [aged 64], Robert Douglas of Lochleven [aged 89] were killed. William Murray [aged 43], Colin Oliphant [aged 26], William Ruthven [aged 33], George Douglas [aged 44] and William Douglas [aged 42] were killed. Walter Lindsay of Arden and Walter Lindsay [aged 33] were killed.

In 1558 David Douglas 7th Earl Angus [aged 43] died. His son Archibald [aged 3] succeeded 8th Earl Angus, 5th Earl Morton.

Around 17th February 1571 John Maxwell 1st Earl Morton [aged 17] and Elizabeth Douglas Countess Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. She the daughter of David Douglas 7th Earl Angus and Margaret Hamilton Countess Angus [aged 46]. They were fourth cousins.

On 13th June 1573 Archibald Douglas 8th Earl Angus 5th Earl Morton and Mary Erskine Countess Angus and Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Angus, Countess Morton. She the daughter of John Erskine 18th Earl of Mar. He the son of David Douglas 7th Earl Angus and Margaret Hamilton Countess Angus [aged 48]. They were fifth cousins.

On 25th December 1575 Archibald Douglas 8th Earl Angus 5th Earl Morton and Margaret Leslie Countess Angus and Morton [aged 33] were married. She by marriage Countess Angus, Countess Morton. She the daughter of George Leslie 4th Earl Rothes. He the son of David Douglas 7th Earl Angus and Margaret Hamilton Countess Angus [aged 50].

On 29th July 1587 Archibald Douglas 8th Earl Angus 5th Earl Morton and Jean Lyon Countess Angus and Morton [aged 31] were married. She by marriage Countess Angus, Countess Morton. He the son of David Douglas 7th Earl Angus and Margaret Hamilton Countess Angus [aged 62]. They were second cousin once removed.

In September 1606 William Douglas 6th Earl Morton [aged 66] died. His grandson William [aged 24] succeeded 7th Earl Morton. Anne Keith Countess Morton by marriage Countess Morton.

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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On 7th August 1648 William Douglas 7th Earl Morton [aged 66] died. His son Robert [aged 32] succeeded 8th Earl Morton. Elizabeth Villiers Countess Morton [aged 39] by marriage Countess Morton.

On 12th November 1649 Robert Douglas 8th Earl Morton [aged 33] died at Kirkwall. His son William succeeded 9th Earl Morton.

On 1st June 1662 William Douglas 9th Earl Morton and Grizel Middleton Countess Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. She the daughter of John Middleton 1st Earl Middleton [aged 54] and Grizel Durham Countess Middleton. He the son of Robert Douglas 8th Earl Morton and Elizabeth Villiers Countess Morton.

Before 1st November 1681 William Douglas 9th Earl Morton died. His uncle James succeeded 10th Earl Morton.

On 25th August 1686 James Douglas 10th Earl Morton died. His son James [aged 26] succeeded 11th Earl Morton.

On 7th December 1715 James Douglas 11th Earl Morton [aged 55] died. His brother Robert [aged 54] succeeded 12th Earl Morton.

On 22nd January 1730 Robert Douglas 12th Earl Morton [aged 69] died. His brother George [aged 68] succeeded 13th Earl Morton.

On 4th January 1738 George Douglas 13th Earl Morton [aged 76] died. His son James [aged 36] succeeded 14th Earl Morton.

On 31st July 1755 James Douglas 14th Earl Morton [aged 53] and Bridget Heathcote Countess Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. He the son of George Douglas 13th Earl Morton.

On 12th October 1768 James Douglas 14th Earl Morton [aged 66] died. His son Sholto [aged 37] succeeded 15th Earl Morton.

On 25th September 1774 Sholto Charles Douglas 15th Earl Morton [aged 43] died. His son George [aged 13] succeeded 16th Earl Morton.

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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On 17th July 1827 George Douglas 16th Earl Morton [aged 66] died. His first cousin George [aged 37] succeeded 17th Earl Morton. Frances Theodora Rose Countess of Morton [aged 28] by marriage Countess Morton.

On 31st March 1858 George Sholto Douglas 17th Earl Morton [aged 68] died. His son Sholto [aged 40] succeeded 18th Earl Morton. Alice Anne Lambton Countess Morton [aged 26] by marriage Countess Morton.

In 1884 Sholto Douglas 18th Earl Morton [aged 66] died. His son Sholto [aged 39] succeeded 19th Earl Morton. Helen Geraldine Ponsonby Countess of Morton [aged 32] by marriage Countess Morton.

On 8th October 1935 Sholto Douglas 19th Earl of Morton [aged 90] died. His grandson Sholto [aged 28] succeeded 20th Earl Morton.

On 13th February 1976 Sholto Douglas 20th Earl of Morton [aged 68] died. His first cousin John [aged 48] succeeded 21st Earl Morton. Mary Sheila Gibbs Countess Morton [aged 48] by marriage Countess Morton.

On 5th March 2016 John Douglas 21st Earl of Morton [aged 88] died. His son John [aged 64] succeeded 22nd Earl Morton.

James Douglas 4th Earl Morton was appointed 4th Earl Morton.

William Douglas 6th Earl Morton succeeded 6th Earl Morton.

John Douglas 2nd Earl Morton and Janet Crichton Countess Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. He the son of James Douglas 1st Earl Morton and Joan Stewart Countess Morton.

James Douglas 3rd Earl Morton and Catherine Stewart Countess Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. She the illegitmate daughter of King James IV of Scotland and Margaret Boyd. He the son of John Douglas 2nd Earl Morton and Janet Crichton Countess Morton. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

William Douglas 6th Earl Morton and Agnes Leslie Countess Morton were married. She by marriage Countess Morton. She the daughter of George Leslie 4th Earl Rothes.

Earl Morton

On 29th October 1581 John Maxwell 1st Earl Morton [aged 28] was created 1st Earl Morton.

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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In 1585 John Maxwell's [aged 31] rights to the lands of Earl Morton were revoked; he was allowed to continue to use the title. Earl Morton effctively extinct.