The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of King Sancho of Galicia 895-929

Paternal Family Tree: Astur Leonese

King Sancho of Galicia and Goto Menéndez Queen Consort Galicia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Galicia. He the son of Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon and Elvira Menéndez Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Galicia.

Around 895 King Sancho of Galicia was born to [his father] Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon (age 22) and [his mother] Elvira Menéndez Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Galicia.

On 20th December 910 [his grandfather] Alfonso "Great" III King Asturias (age 62) died. His son [his uncle] García (age 39) succeeded I King Leon. His son [his uncle] Fruela (age 35) succeeded II King Asturias. His son [his father] Ordoño (age 37) succeeded II King Galicia.

On 19th January 914 [his uncle] García I King Leon (age 43) died. His brother [his father] Ordoño (age 41) succeeded II King Leon.

In June 924 [his father] Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon (age 51) died. His brother [his uncle] Fruela (age 49) succeeded II King Leon, King Galicia.

In July 925 [his uncle] Fruela II King Asturias II King Leon King Galicia (age 50) died. His son Alfonso succeeded King Galicia. His nephew [his brother] Alfonso (age 35) succeeded IV King Leon.

In 926 King Sancho of Galicia (age 31) succeeded King Galicia.

On 16th August 929 King Sancho of Galicia (age 34) died. His brother [his brother] Alfonso (age 39) succeeded IV King Galicia.

[his father] Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon and Sancha Jiménez Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Galicia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Leon, Queen Consort Galicia. She the daughter of Sancho I King Pamplona and Toda Aznárez. He the son of [his grandfather] Alfonso "Great" III King Asturias and [his grandmother] Jimena Pamplona Queen Consort Asturias.

[his father] Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon and [his mother] Elvira Menéndez Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Galicia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Leon, Queen Consort Galicia. He the son of [his grandfather] Alfonso "Great" III King Asturias and [his grandmother] Jimena Pamplona Queen Consort Asturias.

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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[his father] Ordoño II King Galicia II King Leon and Aragonta González Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Galicia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Leon, Queen Consort Galicia. He the son of [his grandfather] Alfonso "Great" III King Asturias and [his grandmother] Jimena Pamplona Queen Consort Asturias.

Biography of King Sancho of Galicia 895-929

Ancestors of King Sancho of Galicia 895-929