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Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Mémoires-Journaux de Pierre de L'Estoile

Mémoires-Journaux de Pierre de L'Estoile is in Tudor Books.

The King [aged 26] Killed by a Monk. On Tuesday, the first day of August [1589], a young religious, a priest of the Order of Saint Dominic, called the Jacobins, otherwise the Friars Preachers, a native of the village of Sorbonne, about four leagues from the town of Sens in Burgundy, aged twenty-three or twenty-four, who had for some time been persuaded and resolved to carry out what he eventually accomplished, having left Paris on the preceding Monday for this purpose, and on whose account the Political hostages had that same day been seized by the Sixteen and confined in the Boîte-aux-Cailloux, caused himself to be conducted at Saint-Cloud to the king’s lodging in the house of Gondi. He gained admission through the intervention of Monsieur de La Guesle, Procurator-General in the Parlement of Paris.

It was about eight o’clock in the morning when the king was informed that there was a monk from Paris who wished to speak with him. The king was seated upon his close-stool, with a dressing-gown over his shoulders and not otherwise dressed, when he heard that his guards were reluctant to allow the monk to enter. He became angry and said that he wished him to be admitted, and that, should he be turned away, people in Paris would say that he drove monks away and was unwilling to see them.

Immediately the Jacobin entered, with his knife drawn and concealed in his sleeve, and presented himself before the king, who had just risen and had not yet fastened his breeches. Having made him a profound reverence, he presented letters on behalf of the Count of Brienne, who was then a prisoner in Paris, and told him that, besides the contents of the letter, he had been charged to communicate something of importance to His Majesty in secret. The king, suspecting that no harm could come to him from this small and wretched monk, ordered those who were near him to withdraw. Opening the letter which the monk had given him, he began to read it, intending afterwards to hear the secret which the monk had to tell him. Seeing him intent upon his reading, the monk drew a knife from his sleeve and thrust it straight into the lower part of his belly, beneath the navel, so deeply that he left the knife in the wound. The king immediately pulled it out with great force and struck the monk with its point above the left eyebrow. At once the king began to cry out, "Ah, the wicked monk! He has killed me! Kill him!" At this cry, his guards and others quickly rushed in, and those who were nearest massacred the little Jacobin assassin at the king’s feet. Because several people believed that he must have been some soldier in disguise, since the deed seemed too bold for a monk, his body was immediately removed and dragged out of the king’s chamber so that he might be better identified. He was stripped naked to the waist, covered with his habit and exposed to public view. Yet no one recognised him as anything other than what he was, namely a true monk, against whom one ought to have guarded on every side as against a dangerous beast.

Le Roy tué par un Moine. — Le mardi premier jour d'aoust, un jeune Religieux, prestre de l'Ordre Saint-Dominique, dits Jacobins, autrement Fréres Prescheurs, natif du village de Sorbonne, à quatre lieues prés de la ville de Sens, en Bourgongne, aagé de vingt-trois à vingt-qua: tre ans, déspieca persuadé et résolu de faire ce qu'il exécuta (estant parti de Paris, le lundi précédent, à cest effect, et pour lequel les ostages Politiques avoient esté serrés le mesme jour par Messieurs les Seize et enfermés en la bouette aux cailloux), se fist à Saint-Cloud conduire chez le Roy, au logis de Gondi, oü il eust entrée par le moien de M. de La Guesle, Procureur-général au Parlement de Paris.

Il estoit environ huict heures du matin, quand le Roy fust adverti qu'il y avoit un Moine de Paris qui desiroit de lui parler, et estoit sur sa chaire percée, aiant une robbe de chambre sur ses espaules, sans estre aucunement habillé, lorsqu'il entendist que ses gardes faisoient difficulté de le laisser entrer, dont il se courrouca et dit qu'il vouloit qu'on le fist entrer, et que si on le rebutoit, on diroit à Paris qu'il chassoit les Moines et ne les vouloit voir.

Inconunent le Jacobin entra et, aiant son cousteau tout nud en sa manche, se présenta au Roy lequel se venoit de lever et n'avoit encores ses chausses attachées, et, lui aiant fait une profonde révérence, lui présenta des lettres de la part du comte de Brienne (prisonnier pour lors à Paris) et lui dit qu'outre le contenu de la lettre, il estoit chargé de dire à Sa Majesté quelque chose d'importance en secret. Le Roy, ne doutant aucun meschef lui pouvoir advenir dela part de ce petit chetif moine, commanda que ceux qui estoient prés de lui se retirassent. Et, ouvrant la lettre qu'il lui avoit baillée, la commenga à lire pour puis aprés entendre du moine le secret qu'il avoit à lui dire. Lequel, le voiant ententif à lire, tira de sa manche un cousteau et lui en donna droit dans le petit ventre, au-dessous du nombril, si avant qu'il laissa le cousteau au trou, lequel aiant le Roy à l'instant retiré à grande force, en donna un coup de la pointe sur le sourcil gauche du moine, et tout aussitost commenca le Roy à s'escrier: « Ah! le meschant Moine! « Il m'a tué! Qu'onletue! » Auquelcri,estans vistement accourus ses gardes et autres, ceux qui se trouvérent les plus prés massacrérent ce petit assassin de Jacobin aux pieds du Roy. Et sur ce que plusieurs estimoient que ce fust quelque soldat desguisé, estant cest acte trop hardi pour un Moine, aiant esté incontinent osté et tiré mort de la chambre du Roy pour estre mieux recongneu, fust despouillé nud jusqu'à la ceinture, couvert de son habit et exposé en publiq; mais il ne fust recongneu par aucun pour autre qu'il estoit, à scavoir pour vrai Moine, duquel on se devoit garder de tous costés comme d'une mauvaise beste.

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Death of King Henry III. On Wednesday, 2 August 1589, at two o’clock after midnight, the king died. When his body was opened, the surgeons found that the wound was such that he could not naturally have survived it, for his mesentery1 had been severed, together with the mesenteric veins, from which a great quantity of blood had issued from the moment he was wounded. Afterwards, while he lay in bed, the blood had spread into the omentum and peritoneum and had immediately become corrupted. This alone, according to the commonly accepted principles of surgery, was sufficient to cause his death.

Mort du Roy Henry III le mecredi 2 aoust 1589. — Le mecredi 2 aoust, à deux heures aprés minuict, le Roy mourust. A l'ouverture de son corps, les chirurgiens trouvérent le coup de sa blessure tel qu'il ne pouvoit naturellement eschapper, car il avoitle mésentaire coupé, avecles veines mesaraiques, desquelles il estoit sorti grande quantité de sang dés l'instant de sa blessure. Et depuis, estant couché au lit, le sang s'estoitrespandu dans l'omenton et péritoine et incontinent corrompu. Ce qui estoit seul suffisant pour le faire mourir, selon les maximes communes des chirurgiens.

Note 1. The mesentery is the fold of tissue that attaches the intestines to the rear wall of the abdomen. It supports the intestines and carries their blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic vessels.

His body, having been embalmed and placed in a lead coffin, was sent by the King of Navarre, who had been proclaimed King of France in the army as the true successor and lawful heir to the crown, to the Abbey of Saint-Corneille at Compiègne, which was held by those of their party. For Saint-Denis was occupied by the adherents of the League, and the royalists had no access to it. His entrails were buried beside the high altar of the church of Saint-Cloud. The epitaph of his heart may be seen there, engraved in letters of gold upon black marble, in these words:

"Stand, traveller, and lament the fate of kings.

Beneath this marble is enclosed the heart of a king

Who gave laws to the French and laws to the Sarmatians.

A murderer hidden beneath a cowl took him away.

Go, traveller, and lament the fate of kings."

When this king died, he left the kingdom of France and all its subjects so impoverished, weakened and enfeebled that its ruin might sooner have been expected than any hope entertained of its recovery. This was as much, or more, through their own faults and rebellions as through any failing of their king, who would have been a very good prince had he lived in a better age.

Son corps, embaumé et mis en plomb, fust par le Roy de Navarre (proclamé Roy de France en l'armée, comme vrai successeur et légitime héritier de la couronne) fait porter en l'abbaie de Saint-Cornille de Compiengne, qui estoit tenue par ceux de leur parti, car à Saint-Denis, occupé par ceux de la Ligue, il n'y avoit pour les Roiaux aucun acces. Ses intestins furent enterrés au costé du maistre-autel de l'église Saint-Cloud; l'épitaphe de son cceur s'y void gravée en lettres d'or sur marbre noir, en ces mots :

ADSTA, VIATOR, ET DOLE REGUM VICEM.

COR REGIS ISTO CONDITUM EST SUB MARMORE,

QUI JURA GALLIS, SARMATIS JURA DEDIT:

TECTUS CUCULLO HUNC SUSTULIT SICARIUS.

ABI, VIATOR, ET DOLE REGUM VICEM.

Ce Roy, mourant, laissa le roiaume de France et tous les subjets d'icelui si pauvres, atténués et débilités, qu'on en pouvoit plus tost attendre la ruine qu'en espérer aucune rescousse. Et ce autant ou plus par leurs fautes ou rébellions que par défaut de leur Roy, qui estoit un trés-bon prince s'il eust rencontré un bon siécle.

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