Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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Baron Howard is in Baronies of England Alphabetically.
There have been seven creations of Baron Howard:
1st. 15th October 1470. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk. Forfeit. 22nd August 1485. Battle of Bosworth.
2nd. 11th March 1554. William Howard 1st Baron Howard. Extant.
3rd. 1597. Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk. Extant. 10th July 1999.
4th. 1621. Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire. Extant.
5th. 12th April 1628. Edward Howard 1st Baron Howard. Extant.
6th. 1669. Henry Howard 6th Duke of Norfolk. Extinct. 20th September 1777.
7th. 1869. Edward George Fitzalan Howard 1st Baron Howard. Extant.
Baron Howard is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Forfeit Baronies of England.
Summary
15th October 1470. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 45] created.
22nd August 1485. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk forfeit. See Battle of Bosworth.
On 15th October 1470 John Howard [aged 45] was created 1st Baron Howard.
On 22nd August 1485 King Richard III of England [aged 32] was killed during the Battle of Bosworth. His second cousin once removed Henry Tudor [aged 28] succeeded VII King of England.
Humphrey Cotes [aged 35] died. It isn't clear on which side he was fighting.
Those supporting Henry Tudor included:
John Blount 3rd Baron Mountjoy [aged 35].
John Cheney 1st Baron Cheyne [aged 43].
Richard Guildford [aged 35].
Walter Hungerford [aged 21].
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 50].
Edward Woodville Lord Scales [aged 29].
Edward Courtenay 1st Earl Devon [aged 26].
Rhys ap Thomas Deheubarth [aged 36].
Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford [aged 53].
William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont [aged 47].
Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney [aged 34].
William Stanley [aged 50].
Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley [aged 52].
Henry Marney 1st Baron Marney [aged 38].
William Brandon [aged 29] was killed.
James Harrington [aged 55] was killed.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 60] was killed and attainted. He was buried firstly at Thetford Priory, Norfolk [Map] and therafter at Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. Duke Norfolk, Baron Mowbray, Baron Segrave, Baron Howard forfeit.
John Sacheverell [aged 85] was killed.
Philibert Chandee 1st Earl Bath
William Norreys [aged 44], Gilbert Talbot [aged 33], John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford [aged 42] and John Savage [aged 41] commanded,.
Robert Poyntz [aged 35] was knighted.
Those who fought for Richard III included:
John Bourchier 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby [aged 47].
John Conyers [aged 74].
Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 17].
William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley [aged 59].
Richard Fitzhugh 6th Baron Fitzhugh [aged 28].
John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 48].
Thomas Scrope 6th Baron Scrope of Masham [aged 26].
Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor [aged 50].
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 68].
Ralph Neville 3rd Earl of Westmoreland [aged 29].
John de la Pole Earl Lincoln 1st [aged 23].
Humphrey Stafford [aged 59].
George Talbot 4th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 17].
Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 42] was wounded, captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map] for three years. He was attainted; Earl Surrey forfeit.
Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 29] fought and escaped.
John Zouche 7th Baron Zouche Harringworth [aged 26] was captured.
John Babington [aged 62], William Alington [aged 65], Robert Mortimer [aged 43], Robert Brackenbury, Richard Ratclyffe [aged 55] and Richard Bagot [aged 73] were killed
Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 53] was killed.
William Catesby [aged 35] was executed at Leicester, Leicestershire [Map] after the battle.
George Stanley 9th Baron Strange Knockin 5th Baron Mohun Dunster [aged 25] held as a hostage by Richard III before the Battle of Bosworth.
Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 36] betrayed King Richard III of England by not committing his forces at the Battle of Bosworth.
John Iwardby [aged 35] was killed.
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Baron Howard of Effingham is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Extant Baronies of England.
Summary
11th March 1554. William Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 44] created.
12th January 1573. Son Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 37] succeeded.
14th December 1624. Son Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 45] succeeded.
3rd October 1642. Half Brother Charles Howard 3rd Earl Nottingham [aged 31] succeeded.
26th April 1681. First Cousin Twice Removed Francis Howard 5th Baron Howard [aged 37] succeeded.
30th March 1695. Son Thomas Howard 6th Baron Howard [aged 13] succeeded.
1725. Brother Francis Howard 1st Earl of Effingham [aged 41] succeeded.
February 1743. Son Thomas Howard 2nd Earl of Effingham [aged 29] succeeded.
19th November 1763. Son Thomas Howard 3rd Earl of Effingham [aged 17] succeeded.
19th November 1791. Brother Richard Howard 4th Earl of Effingham [aged 43] succeeded.
11th December 1816. Third Cousin Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham [aged 49] succeeded.
13th February 1845. Son Henry Howard 2nd Earl of Effingham [aged 38] succeeded.
5th February 1889. Son Henry Howard 3rd Earl of Effingham [aged 51] succeeded.
4th May 1898. Son Henry Alexander Gordon Howard 4th Earl of Effingham [aged 31] succeeded.
6th May 1927. First Cousin Gordon Howard 5th Earl of Effingham [aged 54] succeeded.
1946. Son Mowbray Henry Gordon Howard 6th Earl of Effingham [aged 40] succeeded.
22nd February 1996. Nephew David Howard 7th Earl of Effingham [aged 56] succeeded.
26th February 2022. Son Edward Howard 8th Earl of Effingham [aged 50] succeeded.
On 11th March 1554 William Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 44] was created 1st Baron Howard of Effingham. Margaret Gamage Baroness Howard [aged 39] by marriage Baroness Howard of Effingham.
On 12th January 1573 William Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 63] died at Hampton Court Palace, Richmond [Map]. He was buried at Reigate, Surrey [Map]. His son Charles [aged 37] succeeded 2nd Baron Howard of Effingham. Katherine Carey Countess Nottingham [aged 23] by marriage Baroness Howard of Effingham.
In 1603 William Howard 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham [aged 25] by writ of acceleration 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham. Since he predeceased his father some do not include him in the Barons Howard of Effingham hence his younger brother Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 23] is also referred to as the 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 14th December 1624 Charles Howard 1st Earl Nottingham [aged 88] died. His son Charles [aged 45] succeeded 2nd Earl Nottingham, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham. Mary Cockayne 1st Countess Nottingham by marriage Countess Nottingham.
On 3rd October 1642 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Nottingham [aged 63] died. His half brother Charles [aged 31] succeeded 3rd Earl Nottingham, 4th Baron Howard of Effingham. Arabella Smith Countess Nottingham by marriage Countess Nottingham.
On 26th April 1681 Charles Howard 3rd Earl Nottingham [aged 70] died. Earl Nottingham extinct. His first cousin twice removed Francis [aged 37] succeeded 5th Baron Howard of Effingham. Philadelphia Pelham Baroness Howard [aged 26] by marriage Baroness Howard of Effingham.
On 20th January 1690 Francis Howard 5th Baron Howard [aged 46] and Susan Felton Baroness Howard were married. She by marriage Baroness Howard of Effingham.
On 30th March 1695 Francis Howard 5th Baron Howard [aged 51] died at Lingfield, Surrey. He was buried at St Giles' in the Fields Church [Map]. His son Thomas [aged 13] succeeded 6th Baron Howard of Effingham.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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In 1725 Thomas Howard 6th Baron Howard [aged 43] died. His brother Francis [aged 41] succeeded 7th Baron Howard of Effingham.
In February 1743 Francis Howard 1st Earl of Effingham [aged 59] died. In February 1743 His son Thomas [aged 29] succeeded 2nd Earl of Effingham, 8th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 19th November 1763 Thomas Howard 2nd Earl of Effingham [aged 49] died. His son Thomas [aged 17] succeeded 3rd Earl of Effingham, 9th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 19th November 1791 Thomas Howard 3rd Earl of Effingham [aged 45] died. His brother Richard [aged 43] succeeded 4th Earl of Effingham, 10th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 27th May 1800 Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham [aged 32] and Charlotte Primrose Countess Effingham [aged 24] were married. She by marriage Baroness Howard of Effingham. She the daughter of Neil Primrose 3rd Earl Rosebery [aged 71] and Mary Vincent Countess Rosebery [aged 48]. They were first cousin once removed.
On 11th December 1816 Richard Howard 4th Earl of Effingham [aged 68] died. Earl of Effingham extinct. His third cousin Kenneth [aged 49] succeeded 11th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 13th February 1845 Kenneth Alexander Howard 1st Earl of Effingham [aged 77] died. His son Henry [aged 38] succeeded 2nd Earl of Effingham, 12th Baron Howard of Effingham. Eliza Drummond Baroness Howard [aged 34] by marriage Countess of Effingham.
On 5th February 1889 Henry Howard 2nd Earl of Effingham [aged 82] died. His son Henry [aged 51] succeeded 3rd Earl of Effingham, 13th Baron Howard of Effingham.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 4th May 1898 Henry Howard 3rd Earl of Effingham [aged 61] died. His son Henry [aged 31] succeeded 4th Earl of Effingham, 14th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 6th May 1927 Henry Alexander Gordon Howard 4th Earl of Effingham [aged 60] died. His first cousin Gordon [aged 54] succeeded 5th Earl of Effingham, 15th Baron Howard of Effingham.
In 1946 Gordon Howard 5th Earl of Effingham [aged 73] died. His son Mowbray [aged 40] succeeded 6th Earl of Effingham, 16th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 22nd February 1996 Mowbray Henry Gordon Howard 6th Earl of Effingham [aged 90] died. His nephew David [aged 56] succeeded 7th Earl of Effingham, 17th Baron Howard of Effingham.
On 26th February 2022 David Howard 7th Earl of Effingham [aged 82] died. His son Edward [aged 50] succeeded 8th Earl of Effingham, 18th Baron Howard of Effingham.
Baron Howard de Walden is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Abeyant Baronies of England, Succeeded Baronesses of England, Extant Baronies of England.
Summary
1597. Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk [aged 35] created.
1610. Son Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk [aged 27] by writ of acceleration.
3rd June 1640. Son James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk [aged 21] succeeded.
7th January 1689. James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk abeyant.
3rd August 1784. John Whitwell aka Griffin 4th Baron Howard Walden 1st Baron Braybrooke [aged 65] abeyance terminated.
25th May 1797. John Whitwell aka Griffin 4th Baron Howard Walden 1st Baron Braybrooke abeyant.
1799. Frederick Augustus Hervey 4th Earl Bristol [aged 68] abeyance terminated.
8th July 1803. Great Grandson Charles Ellis 6th Baron Howard de Walden 2nd Baron Seaford [aged 4] succeeded.
29th August 1868. Son Frederick Ellis 7th Baron Howard de Walden 3rd Baron Seaford [aged 38] succeeded.
3rd November 1899. Son Thomas Scott-Ellis 8th Baron Howard de Walden 4th Baron Seaford [aged 19] succeeded.
5th November 1946. Son John Scott-Ellis 9th Baron Howard de Walden 5th Baron Seaford [aged 33] succeeded.
10th July 1999. John Scott-Ellis 9th Baron Howard de Walden 5th Baron Seaford abeyant.
25th June 2004. Daughter Hazel Scott-Ellis 10th Baroness Howard de Walden [aged 68] abeyance terminated.
In 1597 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk [aged 35] was created 1st Baron Howard de Walden by writ of summons. Catherine Knyvet Countess Suffolk [aged 33] by marriage Baroness Howard de Walden. His mother's father was the first and last Baron Audley Walden in Essex.
In 1610 Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk [aged 27] by writ of acceleration 2nd Baron Howard de Walden.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 3rd June 1640 Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk [aged 57] died at Suffolk House, Suffolk Street. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son James [aged 21] succeeded 3rd Earl Suffolk, 3rd Baron Howard de Walden.
On 7th January 1689 James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk [aged 69] died at Great Chesterford. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. Baron Howard de Walden abeyant. His brother George [aged 63] succeeded 4th Earl Suffolk. Anne "Mary" Wroth Countess Suffolk by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 3rd August 1784 John Whitwell aka Griffin 4th Baron Howard Walden 1st Baron Braybrooke [aged 65] abeyance terminated 4th Baron Howard de Walden through the actions of William "The Younger" Pitt [aged 25].
On 25th May 1797 John Whitwell aka Griffin 4th Baron Howard Walden 1st Baron Braybrooke [aged 78] died without issue at his home Audley End House [Map]. Baron Howard de Walden abeyant. His tenth cousin Richard [aged 46] succeeded 2nd Baron Braybrooke of Braybrooke in Northamptonshire; John Whitwell aka Griffin 4th Baron Howard Walden 1st Baron Braybrooke was his father's maternal-uncle.
In 1799 Frederick Augustus Hervey 4th Earl Bristol [aged 68] abeyance terminated 5th Baron Howard de Walden.
On 8th July 1803 Frederick Augustus Hervey 4th Earl Bristol [aged 72] died in Lazio. His son Frederick [aged 33] succeeded 5th Earl Bristol, 6th Baron Hervey of Ickworth in Suffolk. H3NG0wbdHis great grandson Charles [aged 4] succeeded 6th Baron Howard de Walden.
On 29th August 1868 Charles Ellis 6th Baron Howard de Walden 2nd Baron Seaford [aged 69] died. His son Frederick [aged 38] succeeded 7th Baron Howard de Walden, 3rd Baron Seaford of Seaford in Sussex.
In 1876 Frederick Ellis 7th Baron Howard de Walden 3rd Baron Seaford [aged 45] and Blanche Holden Baroness Howard, Seaford and Ludlow were married. She by marriage Baroness Howard de Walden, Baroness Seaford of Seaford in Sussex.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 3rd November 1899 Frederick Ellis 7th Baron Howard de Walden 3rd Baron Seaford [aged 69] died. His son Thomas [aged 19] succeeded 8th Baron Howard de Walden, 4th Baron Seaford of Seaford in Sussex. His inheritance included a large part of Marylebone, London and earned him the title of 'Britain's wealthiest bachelor'. His fortune derived from his grandmother's estates which she had inherited as daughter of the Duke of Portland.
In 1912 Thomas Scott-Ellis 8th Baron Howard de Walden 4th Baron Seaford [aged 31] and Margherita Dorothy van Raalte Baroness Howard de Walden [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Baroness Howard de Walden, Baroness Seaford of Seaford in Sussex.
On 5th November 1946 Thomas Scott-Ellis 8th Baron Howard de Walden 4th Baron Seaford [aged 66] died. His son John [aged 33] succeeded 9th Baron Howard de Walden, 5th Baron Seaford of Seaford in Sussex.
On 10th July 1999 John Scott-Ellis 9th Baron Howard de Walden 5th Baron Seaford [aged 86] died. Baron Howard de Walden abeyant. His second cousin once removed Colin [aged 53] succeeded 6th Baron Seaford of Seaford in Sussex.
On 25th June 2004 Hazel Scott-Ellis 10th Baroness Howard de Walden [aged 68] abeyance terminated 10th Baroness Howard de Walden.
Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Extant Baronies of England.
Summary
1621. Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire [aged 33] created.
16th July 1669. Son Charles Howard 2nd Earl Berkshire [aged 54] succeeded.
April 1679. Brother Thomas Howard 3rd Earl Berkshire [aged 59] succeeded.
12th April 1706. Great Nephew Henry Bowes Howard 4th Earl Berkshire 11th Earl Suffolk [aged 20] succeeded.
21st March 1757. Grandson Henry Howard 12th Earl Suffolk 5th Earl Berkshire [aged 17] succeeded.
7th March 1779. Son Henry Howard 13th Earl Suffolk 6th Earl Berkshire succeeded.
10th August 1779. Great Uncle Thomas Howard 14th Earl Suffolk 7th Earl Berkshire [aged 58] succeeded.
23rd February 1783. Son John Howard 15th Earl Suffolk 8th Earl Berkshire [aged 43] succeeded.
23rd January 1820. Fourth Cousin Thomas Howard 16th Earl Suffolk 9th Earl Berkshire [aged 43] succeeded.
4th December 1851. Son Charles Howard 17th Earl Suffolk 10th Earl Berkshire [aged 46] succeeded.
14th August 1876. Son Henry Charles Howard 18th Earl Suffolk 11th Earl Berkshire [aged 42] succeeded.
31st March 1898. Son Henry Molyneux Paget Howard 19th Earl Suffolk 12th Earl Berkshire [aged 20] succeeded.
12th May 1941. Grandson Michael Howard 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire [aged 6] succeeded.
5th August 2022. Son Alexander Howard 22nd Earl of Suffolk 15th Earl of Berkshire [aged 48] succeeded.
In 1621 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire [aged 33] was created 1st Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 1st Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Elizabeth Cecil Countess Berkshire [aged 25] by marriage Baroness Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 16th July 1669 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire [aged 81] died. His son Charles [aged 54] succeeded 2nd Earl Berkshire, 2nd Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 2nd Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Dorothy Savage Countess Berkshire by marriage Countess Berkshire.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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In April 1679 Charles Howard 2nd Earl Berkshire [aged 64] died. His brother Thomas [aged 59] succeeded 3rd Earl Berkshire, 3rd Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 3rd Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 12th April 1706 Thomas Howard 3rd Earl Berkshire [aged 86] died. His great nephew Henry [aged 20] succeeded 4th Earl Berkshire, 4th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 4th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 21st March 1757 Henry Bowes Howard 4th Earl Berkshire 11th Earl Suffolk [aged 71] died. He was buried at All Saints Church, Charlton-All-Saints [Map]. His grandson Henry [aged 17] succeeded 12th Earl Suffolk, 5th Earl Berkshire, 5th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 5th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 7th March 1779 Henry Howard 12th Earl Suffolk 5th Earl Berkshire [aged 39] died at Bath, Somerset [Map]. He was buried at All Saints Church, Charlton-All-Saints [Map]. On 8th August 1779 his postumous son His son Henry succeeded 13th Earl Suffolk, 6th Earl Berkshire, 6th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 6th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire although he died two days later.
On 10th August 1779 Henry Howard 13th Earl Suffolk 6th Earl Berkshire, who had been born posthumously, died two days old. His great uncle Thomas [aged 58] succeeded 14th Earl Suffolk, 7th Earl Berkshire, 7th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 7th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 23rd February 1783 Thomas Howard 14th Earl Suffolk 7th Earl Berkshire [aged 61] died. His son John [aged 43] succeeded 15th Earl Suffolk, 8th Earl Berkshire, 8th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 8th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 23rd January 1820 John Howard 15th Earl Suffolk [aged 80] died. His son Thomas [aged 43] succeeded 16th Earl Suffolk, 9th Earl Berkshire, 9th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 9th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Elizabeth Jane Dutton Countess Suffolk and Berkshire [aged 45] by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire.
On 4th December 1851 Thomas Howard 16th Earl Suffolk 9th Earl Berkshire [aged 75] died. His son Charles [aged 46] succeeded 17th Earl Suffolk, 10th Earl Berkshire, 10th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 10th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Isabella Catherine Mary Howard-Molyneux-Howard Countess Suffolk and Berkshire [aged 45] by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire.
On 14th August 1876 Charles Howard 17th Earl Suffolk 10th Earl Berkshire [aged 70] died. His son Henry [aged 42] succeeded 18th Earl Suffolk, 11th Earl Berkshire, 11th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 11th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Mary Eleanor Coventry Countess Suffolk and Berkshire [aged 28] by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire.
On 31st March 1898 Henry Charles Howard 18th Earl Suffolk 11th Earl Berkshire [aged 64] died. His son Henry [aged 20] succeeded 19th Earl Suffolk, 12th Earl Berkshire, 12th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 12th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 12th May 1941 Charles Howard 20th Earl of Suffolk, 13th Earl Berkshire [aged 35] was killed. He had successfully defused thirty-four bombs. The thirty-fifth exploded at Erith Marshes, Kent bomb cemetery. The 250kg bomb, dropped six months earlier, contained a Zus 40 booby trap that detonated when the Type 17 fuse was withdrawn. The explosion killed fourteen people: the Earl, his chauffeur Fred Hards, his secretary Eileen Beryl Morden (who died in the ambulance), and eleven other people who were nearby.
Michael Howard 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire [aged 6] succeeded 21st Earl Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire, 13th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 13th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 5th August 2022 Michael Howard 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire [aged 87] died. His son Alexander [aged 48] succeeded 22nd Earl Suffolk, 15th Earl Berkshire, 14th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 14th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
Baron Howard of Escrick is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Extant Baronies of England.
Summary
12th April 1628. Edward Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 26] created.
24th April 1675. Son Thomas Howard 2nd Baron Howard [aged 49] succeeded.
24th August 1678. Brother William Howard 3rd Baron Howard Escrick succeeded.
1694. Son Charles Howard 4th Baron Howard succeeded.
On 12th April 1628 Edward Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 26] was created 1st Baron Howard of Escrick. Mary Boteler Baroness Howard by marriage Baroness Howard of Escrick.
On 24th April 1675 Edward Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 73] died. His son Thomas [aged 49] succeeded 2nd Baron Howard of Escrick. Elizabeth Mordaunt Baroness Howard by marriage Baroness Howard of Escrick.
On 24th August 1678 Thomas Howard 2nd Baron Howard [aged 52] died. His brother William succeeded 3rd Baron Howard of Escrick.
Before 1694 William Howard 3rd Baron Howard Escrick and Frances Bridgman Baroness Howard were married. She by marriage Baroness Howard of Escrick.
In 1694 William Howard 3rd Baron Howard Escrick died at York [Map]. In 1694 His son Charles succeeded 4th Baron Howard of Escrick.
Baron Howard of Castle Rising is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Extinct Baronies of England.
Summary
1669. Henry Howard 6th Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] created.
13th January 1684. Son Henry Howard 7th Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] succeeded.
2nd April 1701. Nephew Thomas Howard 8th Duke of Norfolk [aged 17] succeeded.
23rd December 1732. Brother Edward Howard 9th Duke of Norfolk [aged 46] succeeded.
20th September 1777. Edward Howard 9th Duke of Norfolk extinct.
In 1669 Henry Howard 6th Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] was created 1st Baron Howard of Castle Rising.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 13th January 1684 Henry Howard 6th Duke of Norfolk [aged 55] died. His son Henry [aged 29] succeeded 7th Duke Norfolk, 18th or 25th Earl Arundel, 8th Earl Surrey, 5th Earl Norfolk, 2nd Earl Norwich, 18th Baron Mowbray, 19th Baron Segrave, 16th Baron Furnivall, 20th Baron Strange Blackmere, 17th Baron Talbot, 15th Baron Maltravers, 15th Baron Arundel, 2nd Baron Howard of Castle Rising, Earl Marshal. Mary Mordaunt Duchess Norfolk [aged 25] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 2nd April 1701 Henry Howard 7th Duke of Norfolk [aged 46] died of apoplexy. He was buried in the Fitzalan Chapel, Arundel Castle [Map]. His nephew Thomas [aged 17] succeeded 8th Duke Norfolk, 19th or 26th Earl Arundel, 9th Earl Surrey, 6th Earl Norfolk, 3rd Earl Norwich, 19th Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Segrave, 17th Baron Furnivall, 21st Baron Strange Blackmere, 18th Baron Talbot, 16th Baron Maltravers, 16th Baron Arundel, 3rd Baron Howard of Castle Rising.
On 23rd December 1732 Thomas Howard 8th Duke of Norfolk [aged 49] died without issue. His brother Edward [aged 46] succeeded 9th Duke Norfolk, 20th or 27th Earl Arundel, 10th Earl Surrey, 7th Earl Norfolk, 4th Earl Norwich, 20th Baron Mowbray, 21st Baron Segrave, 18th Baron Furnivall, 22nd Baron Strange Blackmere, 19th Baron Talbot, 17th Baron Maltravers, 17th Baron Arundel, 4th Baron Howard of Castle Rising and Earl Marshal. Mary Blount Duchess Norfolk [aged 21] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 20th September 1777 Edward Howard 9th Duke of Norfolk [aged 91] died. Earl Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising extinct. His second cousin Charles [aged 56] succeeded 10th Duke Norfolk, 21st or 28th Earl Arundel, 11th Earl Surrey, 8th Earl Norfolk, 18th Baron Maltravers, 18th Baron Arundel. Catherine Brockholes Duchess Norfolk [aged 59] by marriage Duchess Norfolk. Baron Furnivall, Baron Talbot, Baron Strange Blackmere, Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeyant.
Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire is also in Baronies of England Chronologically, Extant Baronies of England.
Summary
1869. Edward George Fitzalan Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 50] created.
1st December 1883. Son Francis Edward Fitzalan Howard 2nd Baron Howard [aged 24] succeeded.
1924. Son Bernard Fitzalan Howard 3rd Baron Howard [aged 38] succeeded.
24th August 1972. Son Miles Stapleton Fitzalan Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk [aged 57] succeeded.
24th June 2002. Son Edward Fitzalan-Howard 18th Duke of Norfolk [aged 45] succeeded.
In 1869 Edward George Fitzalan Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 50] was created 1st Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire.
On 1st December 1883 Edward George Fitzalan Howard 1st Baron Howard [aged 65] died. His son Francis [aged 24] succeeded 2nd Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire.
Before 1887 Francis Edward Fitzalan Howard 2nd Baron Howard [aged 27] and Clara Louisa Greenwood Baroness Howard were married. She by marriage Baroness Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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In 1924 Francis Edward Fitzalan Howard 2nd Baron Howard [aged 64] died. His son Bernard [aged 38] succeeded 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire at St Mary's Church Carlton Selby. Mona Stapleton 11th Baroness Beaumont and Baroness Howard [aged 29] by marriage Baroness Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire.
On 24th August 1972 Bernard Fitzalan Howard 3rd Baron Howard [aged 87] died. His son Miles [aged 57] succeeded 4th Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire. Anne Constable-Maxwell Duchess Norfolk [aged 44] by marriage Baroness Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire.
On 24th June 2002 Miles Stapleton Fitzalan Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk [aged 86] died. His son Edward [aged 45] succeeded 18th Duke Norfolk, 36th Earl Arundel, 19th Earl Surrey, 16th Earl Norfolk, 26th Baron Maltravers, 26th Baron Arundel, 5th Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire, 13th Baron Beaumont. Georgina Susan Gore Duchess of Norfolk [aged 40] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.