Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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Earl Essex is in Earldoms of England Alphabetically.
1397 Murder of Thomas of Woodstock
18 Apr 1540 Thomas Cromwell created Earl of Essex and Great Chamberlain
There have been nine creations of Earl Essex:
1st. 1139. Geoffrey Mandeville 1st Earl Essex. Extinct. 14th November 1189.
2nd. 1199. Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex. Extinct. 1227.
3rd. 1239. Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex. Extinct. 16th January 1373.
4th. 1376. Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester. Forfeit. 8th September 1397. Murder of Thomas of Woodstock.
5th. 31st October 1461. Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex. Extinct. 13th March 1540.
6th. 18th April 1540. Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl Essex. Forfeit. 28th July 1540. Execution of Thomas Cromwell.
7th. 23rd December 1543. William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton. Extinct. 28th October 1571.
8th. 4th May 1572. Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex. Extinct. 14th September 1646.
9th. 22nd April 1661. Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex. Extant.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
1139. Geoffrey Mandeville 1st Earl Essex created.
August 1144. Son Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex succeeded.
1166. Brother William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex Count Aumale succeeded.
14th November 1189. William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex Count Aumale extinct.
In 1127 William Clito Count Flanders [aged 24] and Joanna Monferrat Countess Essex and Flanders were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of Rainier Aleramici Marquis of Monferrat [aged 43] and Gisela Ivrea Countess Savoy [aged 57]. He the son of Robert Curthose III Duke Normandy [aged 76] and Sybilla Conversano Duchess Normandy. They were third cousins. He a grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England.
In 1139 Geoffrey Mandeville 1st Earl Essex was created 1st Earl Essex. Rohese Vere Countess Essex and Hertford [aged 29] by marriage Countess Essex.
In August 1144 Geoffrey Mandeville 1st Earl Essex was killed at Barnwell Castle [Map]. His son Geoffrey succeeded 2nd Earl Essex. He had requested burial at his foundation Walden Priory [Map] but was denied since he was excomunicate. His remains were taken for burial at Temple Church, London [Map]
Around 1145 Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex and Eustachia de Chapamgne Countess Essex [aged 35] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of Geoffrey Mandeville 1st Earl Essex and Rohese Vere Countess Essex and Hertford [aged 35].
Around 1166 Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex died. Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His brother William succeeded 3rd Earl Essex.
In 1180 William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex Count Aumale and Hawise Blois 2nd Countess Albemarle and Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He by marriage Count Aumale. She the daughter of William of Blois 1st Earl Albemarle 1st Earl York and Cecily Skipton Countess Aumale and York [aged 42]. He the son of Geoffrey Mandeville 1st Earl Essex and Rohese Vere Countess Essex and Hertford.
On 14th November 1189 William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex Count Aumale died at Rouen, France [Map]. He was buried at Mortemar Abbey. Earl Essex extinct.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
1199. Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex [aged 37] created.
1213. Son Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex [aged 22] succeeded.
23rd February 1216. Brother William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex succeeded.
1227. William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex extinct.
In 1199 Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex [aged 37] was created 1st Earl Essex.
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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In or before 1205 Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex [aged 42] and Aveline Clare Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of Roger Clare 2nd Earl Hertford and Maud St Hilary Countess Hertford.
In 1213 Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex [aged 51] died. His son Geoffrey [aged 22] succeeded 2nd Earl Essex. Matilda Clare Countess Essex by marriage Countess Essex.
On 20th January 1214 Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex [aged 23] and Isabella Fitzrobert 3rd Countess Gloucester and Essex [aged 41] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Gloucester. She the daughter of William Fitzrobert 2nd Earl Gloucester and Hawise Beaumont Countess Gloucester. He the son of Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex and Beatrice Saye.
On 23rd February 1216 Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex [aged 25] was killed in a tournament. His brother William succeeded 3rd Earl Essex.
Before 1227 William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex and Christina Fitzrobert Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of Geoffrey Fitzpeter 1st Earl Essex and Beatrice Saye. They were fourth cousin once removed.
In 1227 William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex died. Earl Essex extinct.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
1239. Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex [aged 35] created.
24th September 1275. Grandson Humphrey Bohun 3rd Earl Hereford 2nd Earl Essex [aged 26] succeeded.
31st December 1298. Son Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex [aged 22] succeeded.
16th March 1322. Son John Bohun 5th Earl Hereford 4th Earl Essex [aged 15] succeeded. See Battle of Boroughbridge.
20th January 1336. Brother Humphrey Bohun 6th Earl Hereford 5th Earl Essex [aged 27] succeeded.
15th October 1361. Nephew Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton [aged 20] succeeded.
16th January 1373. Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton extinct.
In 1239 Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex [aged 35] was created 1st Earl Essex. Matilda Lusignan Countess Hereford and Essex [aged 29] by marriage Countess Essex.
After 14th April 1241 Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex [aged 37] and Maud Avenbury Countess Essex and Hereford were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Hereford. He the son of Henry Bohun 1st Earl Hereford and Maud Mandeville Countess Hereford.
In 1275 Humphrey Bohun 3rd Earl Hereford 2nd Earl Essex [aged 26] and Maud Fiennes Countess Essex and Hereford [aged 21] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Hereford. They were half third cousin three times removed.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 24th September 1275 Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex [aged 71] died at Kenilworth Castle [Map]. He was buried at Llanthony Secunda Priory, Gloucestershire [Map]. His grandson Humphrey [aged 26] succeeded 3rd Earl Hereford, 2nd Earl Essex.
On 31st December 1298 Humphrey Bohun 3rd Earl Hereford 2nd Earl Essex [aged 49] died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son Humphrey [aged 22] succeeded 4th Earl Hereford, 3rd Earl Essex.
On 14th November 1302 Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex [aged 26] and Princess Elizabeth of Rhuddlan Countess Essex, Hereford and Holland [aged 20] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Hereford. Westminster Abbey [Map]. She the daughter of King Edward I of England [aged 63] and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England. He the son of Humphrey Bohun 3rd Earl Hereford 2nd Earl Essex and Maud Fiennes Countess Essex and Hereford. They were third cousins.
On 16th March 1322 the rebel army led by Thomas Plantagenet 2nd Earl of Leicester, 2nd Earl Lancaster, Earl of Salisbury and Lincoln [aged 44] attempted to cross the bridge over the River Ure (between Ripon and York) at Boroughbridge Bridge [Map]. Their path was blocked by forces loyal to the King led by Andrew Harclay 1st Earl Carlisle [aged 52]. Bartholomew Badlesmere 1st Baron Badlesmere [aged 46], Roger Mortimer 1st Earl March [aged 34], John Botetort 1st Baron Botetort [aged 57] and John Maltravers 1st Baron Maltravers [aged 32] fought for the rebels. Roger Clifford 2nd Baron Clifford [aged 22], Nicholas Longford [aged 37], Thomas Plantagenet 2nd Earl of Leicester, 2nd Earl Lancaster, Earl of Salisbury and Lincoln, John Mowbray 2nd Baron Mowbray [aged 35] were captured.
Warin Lisle [aged 51] was hanged after the battle at Pontefract [Map].
Following the battle Hugh Audley 1st Earl Gloucester [aged 31] and his wife Margaret Clare Countess Gloucester were both imprisoned. He in Nottingham Castle [Map] and she in Sempringham Priory [Map].
John Clinton 2nd Baron Clinton [aged 22], Ralph Greystoke 1st Baron Greystoke [aged 22], William Latimer 2nd Baron Latimer of Corby [aged 46], Robert Lisle 1st Baron Lisle [aged 34], Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar [aged 29] and Peter Saltmarsh [aged 42] fought for the King.
Adam Everingham 1st Baron Everingham of Laxton [aged 43] was captured.
Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex [aged 46] was killed. His son John [aged 15] succeeded 5th Earl Hereford, 4th Earl Essex.
Piers Grandison 2nd Baron Grandison [aged 31] fough for the rebels, and was captured.
Hugh Audley 1st Baron Audley of Stratton Audley [aged 55] surrendered before the battle and was imprisoned in Wallingford Castle [Map] for the rest of his life
John Giffard 2nd Baron Giffard Brimpsfield [aged 34] was captured.
Roger Mortimer 1st Earl March was imprisoned at Tower of London [Map].
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In 1325 John Bohun 5th Earl Hereford 4th Earl Essex [aged 18] and Alice Fitzalan Countess Essex and Hereford were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Hereford. She the daughter of Edmund Fitzalan 2nd or 9th Earl of Arundel [aged 39] and Alice Warenne Countess Arundel. He the son of Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex and Princess Elizabeth of Rhuddlan Countess Essex, Hereford and Holland. They were half third cousins. He a grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.
After 1325 John Bohun 5th Earl Hereford 4th Earl Essex [aged 18] and Margaret Basset Countess Essex and Hereford were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Hereford. He the son of Humphrey Bohun 4th Earl Hereford 3rd Earl Essex and Princess Elizabeth of Rhuddlan Countess Essex, Hereford and Holland.
On 20th January 1336 John Bohun 5th Earl Hereford 4th Earl Essex [aged 29] died. His brother Humphrey [aged 27] succeeded 6th Earl Hereford, 5th Earl Essex.
On 15th October 1361 Humphrey Bohun 6th Earl Hereford 5th Earl Essex [aged 52] died. His nephew Humphrey [aged 20] succeeded 7th Earl Hereford, 6th Earl Essex. Joan Fitzalan Countess Essex, Hereford and Northampton [aged 14] by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Hereford.
On 16th January 1373 Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton [aged 31] died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. Earl Hereford, Earl Essex, Earl of Northampton extinct. His estates were divided between his two daughters Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester [aged 7], wife of Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 18] and Mary Bohun [aged 5], wife of Henry of Bolingbroke [aged 5], the future Henry IV, although the title and estates should have been inherited Gilbert Bohun who was a grandson of Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Earldoms of England.
Summary
1376. Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 20] created.
8th September 1397. Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester forfeit. See Murder of Thomas of Woodstock.
In 1376 Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 20] was created 1st Earl Essex. Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester [aged 10] by marriage Countess Essex.
Around 8th September 1397 Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 42] was murdered in Calais [Map] for his role as leader of the Lords Appellant. Duke Albemarle, Duke Gloucester, Earl Essex forfeit. His son Humphrey [aged 16] succeeded 2nd Earl Buckingham.
Walter Clopton was part of the inquiry into his death the outcome of which is not known. A John Hall was executed for the murder.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
31st October 1461. Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex [aged 57] created. See Coronation of Edward IV.
4th April 1483. Grandson Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu succeeded.
13th March 1540. Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu extinct.
On 31st October 1461 King Edward IV of England [aged 19] created his brother Richard [aged 9] 1st Duke Gloucester. Henry Bourchier [aged 57] was created 1st Earl Essex. Isabel of York [aged 52] by marriage Countess Essex. William Neville [aged 56] was created 1st Earl Kent. Joan Fauconberg [aged 55] by marriage Countess Kent.
On 4th April 1483 Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex [aged 79] died. He was buried firstly in Beeleigh Abbey [Map] and, thereafter, St Mary's Church, Little Easton [Map]. His grandson Henry succeeded 2nd Earl Essex, 3rd Count Eu, 2nd Viscount Bourchier, 6th Baron Bourchier.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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Around 1498 Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu and Mary Saye Countess Essex and Eu [aged 24] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Eu.
In 1536 Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu and Mary Blount [aged 38] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex, Countess Eu.
On 13th March 1540 Henry Bourchier 2nd Earl Essex 3rd Count of Eu died. Earl Essex, Viscount Bourchier extinct. His daughter Anne [aged 23] succeeded 7th Baroness Bourchier. His second cousin once removed John [aged 41] succeeded 2nd Count Eu. Neither he or his descendants used the title.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Earldoms of England.
Summary
18th April 1540. Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl Essex [aged 55] created. See 18 Apr 1540 Thomas Cromwell created Earl of Essex and Great Chamberlain.
28th July 1540. Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl Essex forfeit. See Execution of Thomas Cromwell.
On 18th April 1540 Thomas Cromwell [aged 55] was created 1st Earl Essex and appointed Lord Great Chamberlain.
On 28th July 1540 Thomas Cromwell [aged 55] was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. Earl Essex, Baron Cromwell of Wimbledon in Surrey forfeit. He was buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map].
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
23rd December 1543. William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton [aged 31] created. See Parr Family Ennobled.
28th October 1571. Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38] extinct.
On 23rd December 1543 Henry VIII [aged 52] enobled his new wife's [aged 31] brother [aged 31] and uncle [aged 60] at ceremony in the Presence Chamber, Hampton Court Palace [Map]. Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk [aged 26] and Edward Stanley 3rd Earl of Derby [aged 34] were present. Christopher Barker read the Patents.
William Parr 1st Baron Parr of Horton was created 1st Baron Parr of Horton. William was sixty with five daughters. He died four years later at which time the Barony became extinct.
William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton was created 1st Earl Essex. His estranged wife Anne Bourchier 7th Baroness Bourchier [aged 26] was daughter of the last Earl of Essex of the Fifth Creation. A somewhat curious choice given his wife had eloped the year previous year with John Lyngfield, the prior of Tandbridge, Surrey [Map], by whom she had an illegitimate child.
In 1559 William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton [aged 47] was restored 1st Marquess Northampton, 1st Earl Essex.
On 28th October 1571 William Parr 1st Marquess Northampton [aged 59] died at Warwick Priory, Warwickshire [Map]. He was buried in the Chancel of St Mary's Church, Warwick [Map]. His funeral was paid for by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland [aged 38]. Marquess Northampton and Earl Essex, Baron Parr of Kendal extinct.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Earldoms of England, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
4th May 1572. Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex [aged 30] created.
22nd September 1576. Son Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex [aged 10] succeeded.
25th February 1601. Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex forfeit. See 1601 Essex's Rebellion.
1604. Son Robert Devereux 3rd Earl Essex [aged 12] restored.
14th September 1646. Robert Devereux 3rd Earl Essex extinct.
On 4th May 1572 Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex [aged 30] was created 1st Earl Essex. Lettice Knollys Countess Essex and Leicester [aged 28] by marriage Countess Essex.
On 22nd September 1576 Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex [aged 35] died. His son Robert [aged 10] succeeded 2nd Earl Essex, 3rd Viscount Hereford, 12th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, 9th Baron Bourchier.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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In 1590 Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex [aged 24] and Frances Walsingham Countess Essex [aged 23] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of Walter Devereux 1st Earl Essex and Lettice Knollys Countess Essex and Leicester [aged 46]. They were half fourth cousin once removed.
On 25th February 1601 Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex [aged 35] was beheaded at Tower Green, Tower of London [Map] as a consequence of his involvement in the Essex Rebellion. Earl Essex, Viscount Hereford, Baron Bourchier and Baron Ferrers of Chartley forfeit. He was the last person to be executed at the Tower of London. It isn't clear whether his other titles Viscount Hereford, Baron Ferrers of Chartley and Baron Bourchier were forfeit.
In 1604 Robert Devereux 3rd Earl Essex [aged 12] was restored 3rd Earl Essex, 4th Viscount Hereford, 13th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, 10th Baron Bourchier although it isn't clear whether the latter three titles were forfeit when his father was executed in 1601. Frances Howard Countess Essex and Somerset [aged 13] by marriage Countess Essex.
On 11th March 1630 Robert Devereux 3rd Earl Essex [aged 39] and Elizabeth Paulet Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of Robert Devereux 2nd Earl Essex and Frances Walsingham Countess Essex [aged 63]. They were fourth cousins.
On 14th September 1646 Robert Devereux 3rd Earl Essex [aged 55] died. He was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Earl Essex extinct. His half first cousin twice removed Walter [aged 71] succeeded 5th Viscount Hereford. Baron Ferrers of Chartley, Baron Bourchier abeyant.
Earl Essex is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extant Earldoms of England.
Summary
22nd April 1661. Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex [aged 29] created. See Coronation of Charles II.
13th July 1683. Son Algernon Capell 2nd Earl Essex [aged 12] succeeded.
10th January 1710. Son William Capell 3rd Earl Essex [aged 12] succeeded.
8th January 1743. Son William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex [aged 10] succeeded.
4th March 1799. Son George Capell Coningsbury 5th Earl Essex [aged 41] succeeded.
23rd April 1839. Nephew Arthur Algernon Capell 6th Earl Essex [aged 36] succeeded.
11th September 1892. Grandson George Capell 7th Earl of Essex [aged 34] succeeded.
25th September 1916. Son Algernon George de Vere Capell 8th Earl of Essex [aged 32] succeeded.
8th December 1966. Son Reginald George de Vere Capell 9th Earl of Essex [aged 60] succeeded.
1981. Third Cousin Once Removed Robert Edward de Vere Capell 10th Earl of Essex [aged 60] succeeded.
18th June 2005. Son Frederick "Paul" de Vere Capell 11th Earl of Essex [aged 61] succeeded.
John Evelyn's Diary. 22nd April 1661. Was the splendid cavalcade of his Majesty [aged 30] from the Tower of London to Whitehall, when I saw him in the Banqueting House, Whitehall Palace [Map] create six Earls, and as many Barons, viz:
Edward Lord Hyde, Lord Chancellor [aged 52], Earl of Clarendon; supported by the Earls of Northumberland [aged 58] and Sussex [aged 14]; the Earl of Bedford [aged 44] carried the cap and coronet, the Earl of Warwick [aged 46], the sword, the Earl of Newport [aged 64], the mantle.
Next, was Capel, created Earl of Essex.
Brudenell, Cardigan;.
Valentia, Anglesea;.
Greenvill, Bath;.
Howard, Earl of Carlisle.
The Barons were: Denzille Holles; Cornwallis; Booth; Townsend; Cooper; Crew; who were led up by several Peers, with Garter and officers of arms before them; when, after obedience on their several approaches to the throne, their patents were presented by Garter King-at-Arms, which being received by the Lord Chamberlain [aged 59], and delivered to his Majesty, and by him to the Secretary of State, were read, and then again delivered to his Majesty, and by him to the several Lords created; they were then robed, their coronets and collars put on by his Majesty, and they were placed in rank on both sides of the state and throne; but the Barons put off their caps and circles, and held them in their hands, the Earls keeping on their coronets, as cousins to the King.
I spent the rest of the evening in seeing the several archtriumphals built in the streets at several eminent places through which his Majesty was next day to pass, some of which, though temporary, and to stand but one year, were of good invention and architecture, with inscriptions.
Notes:
Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex [aged 29] was created 1st Earl Essex. Elizabeth Percy Countess Essex [aged 25] by marriage Countess Essex.
Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan [aged 78] was created 1st Earl Cardigan. Mary Tresham Countess Cardigan by marriage Countess Cardigan.
Arthur Annesley 1st Earl Annesley [aged 46] was created 1st Earl Anglesey, 1st Baron Annesley Newport Pagnell Buckinghamshire. Elizabeth Altham Countess Anglesey [aged 41] by marriage Countess Anglesey.
John Granville 1st Earl Bath [aged 32] was created 1st Earl Bath, 1st Baron Granville of Kilkhampton and Biddeford.
Charles Howard 1st Earl Carlisle [aged 32] was created 1st Earl Carlisle.
Denzil Holles 1st Baron Holles [aged 61] was created 1st Baron Holles. Jane Shirley Baroness Holles by marriage Baroness Holles.
Frederick Cornwallis 1st Baron Cornwallis [aged 50] was created 1st Baron Cornwallis.
George Booth 1st Baron Delamer [aged 38] was created 1st Baron Delamer. Elizabeth Grey Baroness Delamer [aged 39] by marriage Baroness Delamer.
Horatio Townshend 1st Viscount Townsend [aged 30] was created 1st Baron Townshend of Lynn Regis in Norfolk.
Anthony Ashley-Cooper 1st Earl Shaftesbury [aged 39] was created 1st Baron Ashley of Wimborne St Giles.
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On 13th July 1683 Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex [aged 51] committed suicide at the Tower of London [Map]. He was buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map]. He was said to have been discovered in his chamber with his throat cut whilst awaiting execution for treason. His son Algernon [aged 12] succeeded 2nd Earl Essex, 3rd Baron Capell Hadham.
On 28th February 1692 Algernon Capell 2nd Earl Essex [aged 21] and Mary Bentinck Countess Essex [aged 12] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of William Bentinck 1st Earl of Portland [aged 42] and Anne Villiers Countess Portland. He the son of Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex and Elizabeth Percy Countess Essex [aged 56]. They were third cousins.
On 10th January 1710 Algernon Capell 2nd Earl Essex [aged 39] died. His son William [aged 12] succeeded 3rd Earl Essex, 4th Baron Capell Hadham.
On 27th November 1718 William Capell 3rd Earl Essex [aged 21] and Jane Hyde Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of Henry Hyde 2nd Earl Rochester 4th Earl Clarendon [aged 46] and Jane Leveson-Gower Countess Rochester and Clarendon. He the son of Algernon Capell 2nd Earl Essex and Mary Bentinck Countess Essex [aged 39]. They were fourth cousins.
After January 1724 William Capell 3rd Earl Essex [aged 26] and Elizabeth Russell Countess Essex [aged 13] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of Wriothesley Russell 2nd Duke Bedford and Elizabeth Howland Duchess Bedford [aged 42]. He the son of Algernon Capell 2nd Earl Essex and Mary Bentinck Countess Essex [aged 44]. They were fourth cousins.
On 8th January 1743 William Capell 3rd Earl Essex [aged 45] died. His son William [aged 10] succeeded 4th Earl Essex, 5th Baron Capell Hadham.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 1st August 1754 William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex [aged 21] and Frances Hanbury Williams Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of William Capell 3rd Earl Essex and Elizabeth Russell Countess Essex [aged 43]. They were half sixth cousins.
On 2nd March 1767 William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex [aged 34] and Harriet Bladen Countess Essex [aged 32] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of William Capell 3rd Earl Essex and Elizabeth Russell Countess Essex [aged 56].
On 4th March 1799 William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex [aged 66] died at St James's Palace [Map]. His son George [aged 41] succeeded 5th Earl Essex, 6th Baron Capell Hadham. Sarah Bazett Countess Essex [aged 39] by marriage Countess Essex.
On 14th July 1825 Arthur Algernon Capell 6th Earl Essex [aged 22] and Caroline Janetta Beauclerk Countess Essex [aged 21] were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of William Beauclerk 8th Duke St Albans [aged 58] and Maria Janetta Nelthorpe Duchess St Albans. They were fourth cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 23rd April 1839 George Capell Coningsbury 5th Earl Essex [aged 81] died. His nephew Arthur [aged 36] succeeded 6th Earl Essex, 7th Baron Capell Hadham.
On 3rd June 1863 Arthur Algernon Capell 6th Earl Essex [aged 60] and Louisa Caroline Elizabeth Boyle Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. They were fifth cousins.
On 3rd June 1863 Arthur Algernon Capell 6th Earl Essex [aged 60] and Louisa Elizabeth Heneage Countess Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 11th September 1892 Arthur Algernon Capell 6th Earl Essex [aged 89] died. His grandson George [aged 34] succeeded 7th Earl Essex, 8th Baron Capell Hadham.
On 14th December 1893 George Capell 7th Earl of Essex [aged 36] and Adele Beach Grant Countess Essex [aged 27] were married at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map]. She by marriage Countess Essex. Her uncle Richard Suydam Grant gave her away since her father David Beach Grant had died five years before.
On 25th September 1916 George Capell 7th Earl of Essex [aged 58] died at his home Stanley House having been run over by a taxi. His son Algernon [aged 32] succeeded 8th Earl Essex, 9th Baron Capell Hadham.
Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
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On 10th February 1926 Algernon George de Vere Capell 8th Earl of Essex [aged 41] and Alys Montgomery Falkiner Countess of Essex were married at the Saint Albans registry office. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of George Capell 7th Earl of Essex and Ellenor Harriet Maria Harford.
On 10th December 1950 Algernon George de Vere Capell 8th Earl of Essex [aged 66] and Zara Mildred Carlson Countess of Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of George Capell 7th Earl of Essex and Ellenor Harriet Maria Harford.
In 1957 Algernon George de Vere Capell 8th Earl of Essex [aged 72] and Christine Mary Davis Countess of Essex were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. He the son of George Capell 7th Earl of Essex and Ellenor Harriet Maria Harford.
On 8th December 1966 Algernon George de Vere Capell 8th Earl of Essex [aged 82] died. His son Reginald [aged 60] succeeded 9th Earl Essex, 10th Baron Capell Hadham.
In 1981 Reginald George de Vere Capell 9th Earl of Essex [aged 75] died. His third cousin once removed Robert [aged 60] succeeded 10th Earl Essex, 11th Baron Capell Hadham.
On 18th June 2005 Robert Edward de Vere Capell 10th Earl of Essex [aged 85] died. His son Frederick [aged 61] succeeded 11th Earl Essex, 12th Baron Capell Hadham.