Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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Viscountcies of England Chronologically is in Viscountcies of England.
Before 1014 Raoul Beaumont Sarthe 1st Viscount Beaumont [aged 78] was created 1st Viscount Beaumont. There are a number issues with this creation; it may be spurious?
On 12th February 1440 John Beaumont 1st Viscount Beaumont [aged 30] was created 1st Viscount Beaumont by letters patent. Elizabeth Phelip Viscountess Beaumont by marriage Viscountess Beaumont.
In 1443 Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex [aged 39] was created 1st Viscount Bourchier. Isabel York Countess Eu and Essex [aged 34] by marriage Viscountess Bourchier.
On 21st April 1481 William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley [aged 55] was created 1st Viscount Berkeley. Joan Strangeways 3rd Viscountess Berkeley by marriage Viscountess Berkeley.
On 18th June 1525 Henry Fitzroy [aged 6] was taken by barge to Bridewell Palace [Map] where he was enobled by his father King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 33].
In the morning Henry Fitzroy was created 1st Earl Nottingham.
In the afternoon Henry Fitzroy was created 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset.
Henry Percy 5th Earl of Northumberland [aged 47] carried the Sword of State. Thomas More [aged 47] read the patents of nobility. Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk [aged 41], Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset [aged 47],
Henry Courtenay [aged 29] was created 1st Marquess Exeter. Gertrude Blount Marchioness of Exeter [aged 22] by marriage Marchioness Exeter.
Henry Clifford [aged 32] was created 1st Earl of Cumberland, Warden of the West Marches and Governor of Carlisle Castle.
Thomas Manners [aged 33] was created 1st Earl of Rutland. Eleanor Paston Countess Rutland [aged 30] by marriage Countess of Rutland. He was given the Earldom of Rutland to reflect his descent from Anne York Duchess Exeter sister of the previous Earl of Rutland. At the same time his arms 
Manners Arms were augmented with the 
Manners Augmented Arms
Henry Brandon [aged 2] was created 1st Earl Lincoln.
Robert Radclyffe [aged 42] was created 1st Viscount Fitzwalter.
Thomas Boleyn 1st Earl Wiltshire and Ormonde [aged 48] was created 1st Viscount Rochford. Elizabeth Howard Countess of Wiltshire and Ormonde [aged 45] by marriage Viscountess Rochford.
Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 52], William Fitzalan 11th or 18th Earl of Arundel [aged 49] and John de Vere 14th Earl of Oxford [aged 25] attended.
On 5th June 1536 Edward Seymour [aged 36] was created 1st Viscount Beauchamp. See Letter 1074 and Letter 1075.
In 1550 Walter Devereux 1st Viscount Hereford [aged 62] was created 1st Viscount Hereford. Margaret Garneys Viscountess Hereford [aged 30] by marriage Viscountess Hereford.
In 1559 Thomas Howard 1st Viscount Howard Bindon [aged 39] was created 1st Viscount Howard Bindon.
On 7th November 1616 Thomas Egerton 1st Viscount Brackley [aged 76] was created 1st Viscount Brackley. Alice Spencer Countess Derby [aged 67] by marriage Viscountess Brackley.
Before 20th August 1618 James Hay 1st Earl Carlisle [aged 38] was created 1st Viscount Doncaster.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 14th November 1620 Henry Constable 1st Viscount Dunbar [aged 32] was created 1st Viscount Dunbar. Mary Tufton Viscountess Dunbar by marriage Viscountess Dunbar.
On 30th December 1620 William Feilding 1st Earl Denbigh [aged 33] was created 1st Viscount Feilding, 1st Baron Feilding of Newnham Paddocks in Warwickshire. Susan Villiers Countess Denbigh [aged 37] by marriage Viscountess Feilding.
In 1621 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Berkshire [aged 33] was created 1st Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 1st Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Elizabeth Cecil Countess Berkshire [aged 25] by marriage Baroness Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 5th July 1621 Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers [aged 56] was created 1st Viscount Colchester with a special remainder to his grandson John Savage 2nd Earl Rivers [aged 18]. Mary Kitson Countess Rivers [aged 54] by marriage Viscountess Colchester
In 1627 Nicholas Saunderson 1st Viscount Castleton [aged 65] was created 1st Viscount Castleton.
On 8th March 1628 Paul Bayning 1st Viscount Bayning [aged 40] was created 1st Viscount Bayning. Anne Glemham Viscountess Bayning by marriage Viscountess Bayning.
On 5th May 1628 Baptist Hicks 1st Viscount Campden [aged 71] was created 1st Viscount Campden, 1st Baron Hicks of Ilmington in Warwickshire with a special remainder, failing his issue male, to his daughter Juliana's [aged 41] husband Edward Noel 2nd Viscount Campden [aged 46]. Elizabeth May Viscountess Campden [aged 66] by marriage Viscountess Campden.
On 31st January 1643 Thomas Belasyse 1st Viscount Fauconberg [aged 66] was created 1st Viscount Faunconberg.
On 29th June 1646 Nicholas Barnewall 1st Viscount Barnewell [aged 54] was created 1st Viscount Barnewall, 1st Baron Turvey. Bridget Fitzgerald Viscountess Barnewell [aged 56] by marriage Viscountess Barnewall.
In 1664 William Craven 1st Earl Craven [aged 55] was created 1st Earl Craven in Yorkshire, 1st Viscount Craven of Uffington in Berkshire with a special remainder to his kinsmen Sir William Craven and Sir Anthony Craven.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 18th March 1664 Robert Bruce 2nd Earl Elgin 1st Earl Ailesbury [aged 37] was created 1st Earl Ailesbury, 1st Viscount Bruce of Ampthill in Bedfordshire, 1st Baron Bruce of Skelton in Yorkshire. Diana Grey Countess Elgin and Ailesbury [aged 34] by marriage Countess Ailesbury.
In 1674 Anne Bayning Viscountess Bayning [aged 54] was created 1st Viscountess Bayning for life.
On 1st October 1674 George Fitzroy 1st Duke Northumberland [aged 8] was created 1st Earl of Northumberland, 1st Viscount Falmouth, 1st Baron Pontefract by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 44].
On 31st December 1677 George Savile 1st Marquess Halifax [aged 44] was created 1st Viscount Halifax, 1st Baron Savile of Elland. Gertrude Pierrepont Marchioness Halifax by marriage Viscountess Halifax.
In 1679 John Robartes 1st Earl Radnor [aged 73] was created 1st Earl Radnor, 1st Viscount Bodmin by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 48] in reward for having supported Charles' brother James II King England, Scotland and Ireland 1633-1701's future accession. Letitia Isabella Smythe Countess Radnor [aged 49] by marriage Countess Radnor.
On 23rd July 1679 Charles Gerard 1st Earl Macclesfield [aged 61] was created 1st Earl Macclesfield, 1st Viscount Brandon of Brandon in Suffolk.Jeanne de Civelle Countess Macclesfield by marriage Countess Macclesfield.
On 11th September 1679 George Berkeley 1st Earl Berkeley [aged 51] was created 1st Earl Berkeley, 1st Viscount Dursley. Elizabeth Massingberd Couness Berkeley by marriage Countess Berkeley.
On 17th January 1683 Christopher Hatton 1st Viscount Hatton [aged 51] was created 1st Viscount Hatton. Frances Yelverton Viscountess Hatton by marriage Viscountess Hatton.
In 1696 Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle [aged 25] was created 1st Viscount Bury in Lancashire, 1st Baron Ashford of Ashford in Kent.
In 1710 Henry Grey 1st Duke Kent [aged 39] was created 1st Duke Kent, 1st Marquess Kent, 1st Viscount Gooderich. Jemima Crew Marchioness Kent [aged 34] by marriage Marchioness Kent.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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Before June 1712 Henry St John 1st Viscount Bolingbroke [aged 33] was created 1st Viscount Bolingbroke. Frances Winchcombe Viscountess Bolingbroke [aged 31] by marriage Viscountess Bolingbroke.
On 19th October 1714 Thomas Pelham Holles 1st Duke Newcastle-under-Lyne [aged 21] was created 1st Earl Clare and 1st Viscount Haughton with a special remainder to his brother Henry Pelham [aged 20].
In April 1718 Field Marshal Richard Temple 1st Viscount Cobham [aged 42] was created 1st Viscount Cobham. Anne Halsey Viscountess Cobham by marriage Viscountess Cobham.
In 1720 Hugh Boscawen 1st Viscount Falmouth [aged 40] was created 1st Viscount Falmouth. Charlotte Godfrey Viscountess Falmouth by marriage Viscountess Falmouth.
In 1721 Simon Harcourt 1st Viscount Harcourt [aged 59] was created 1st Viscount Harcourt of Stanton Harcourt in Oxfordshire.
In 1730 Benjamin Mildmay 1st Earl Fitzwalter [aged 57] was created 1st Earl Fitzwalter, 1st Viscount Harwich Essex. Frederica Schomberg Countess Holderness and Fitzwalter [aged 43] by marriage Countess Fitzwalter.
On 29th June 1747 Jacob Bouverie 1st Viscount Folkestone [aged 52] was created 1st Viscount Folkestone, 1st Baron Longford. Elizabeth Marsham Viscountess Fokestone [aged 35] by marriage Viscountess Folkestone.
In August 1750 Francis Seymour-Conway 1st Marquess Hertford [aged 32] was created 1st Earl Hertford, 1st Viscount Beauchamp. Isabella Fitzroy Countess Hertford [aged 23] by marriage Countess Hertford.
In 1754 Henry Vane 1st Earl Darlington [aged 49] was created 1st Earl Darlington, 1st Viscount Barnard. Grace Fitzroy Countess Darlington [aged 56] by marriage Countess Darlington.
In 1761 John West 1st Earl De La Warr [aged 67] was created 1st Earl De La Warr, 1st Viscount Cantalupe.
On 4th May 1762 King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 23] created a number of new peerages...
Edward Noel 1st Viscount Wentworth [aged 46] was created 1st Viscount Wentworth.
William Courtenay 7th Earl Devon [aged 53] was created 1st Viscount Courtenay.
Thomas Pelham Holles 1st Duke Newcastle-under-Lyne [aged 68] was created 1st Baron Pelham of Stanmer in Sussex with default to his cousin Thomas Pelham [aged 34].
Caroline Lennox 1st Baroness Holland [aged 39] was created 1st Baroness Holland in Lincolnshire. Henry Fox 1st Baron Holland [aged 56] by marriage Baron Holland in Lincolnshire.
John Perceval 2nd Earl Egmont [aged 51] was created 1st Baron Lovel and Holland of Enmore in Somerset.
John Montagu 1st Baron Montagu [aged 27] was created 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton in Northamptonshire.
Joseph Damer 1st Earl Dorchester [aged 44] was created 1st Baron Milton of Milton Abbey in Dorset.
Edward Hussey-Montagu 1st Earl Beaulieu [aged 41] was created 1st Baron Beaulieu of Beaulieu in Hampshire with a special remainder to his heirs male with his current wife Isabella Montagu Duchess Manchester [aged 56].
On 12th May 1762 George Venables-Vernon 1st Baron Vernon [aged 53] was created 1st Baron Vernon of Kinderton in Cheshire. Martha Harcourt Baroness Vernon of Kinderton [aged 46] by marriage Baroness Vernon of Kinderton in Cheshire.
George Fox Lane 1st Baron Bingley [aged 65] was created 1st Baron Bingley. Harriet Benson Baroness Bingley [aged 57] by marriage Baroness Bingley.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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In 1763 John Ward 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward [aged 58] was created 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward of Dudley in Worcestershire.
On 1st November 1765 John Spencer 1st Earl Spencer [aged 30] was created 1st Earl Spencer, 1st Viscount Althorp. Margaret Georgiana Poyntz Countess Spencer [aged 28] by marriage Countess Spencer, 1st Viscountess Althorp.
On 14th June 1776 Robert Hampden-Trevor 1st Viscount Hampden [aged 70] was created 1st Viscount Hampden.
In 1782 Richard Howe 1st Earl Howe [aged 55] was created 1st Viscount Howe.
In 1784 John Chetwynd-Talbot 1st Earl Talbot [aged 34] was created 1st Earl Talbot, 1st Viscount Ingestre. Charlotte Augusta Hill Countess Talbot by marriage Countess Talbot.
On 13th May 1786 Charles Pratt 1st Earl Camden [aged 72] was created 1st Earl Camden, 1st Viscount Bayham of Bayham Abbey in Kent.
The London Gazette 13123. Whitehall, August 18 [1789].
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Marquess of the Kingdom of Great Britain to the Right Honourable James Earl of Salisbury [aged 40], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile and Title of Marquess of Salisbury, in the County of Wilts. [Mary Amelia Hill Marchioness Salisbury [aged 39] by marriage Marchioness Salisbury in Wiltshire.]
The King has also been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Marquess of the Kingdom of Great Britain to the Right Honourable Thomas Viscount Weymouth [aged 54], Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, and the Heirs Male of his body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile and Title of Marquess of Bath, in the County of Somerset. [Elizabeth Bentinck Marchioness Bath [aged 54] by marriage Marchioness of Bath.]
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of an Earl of this Kingdom of Great Britain to the Right Honourable George Viscount Mount-Edgcumbe and Valletort [aged 69], and the Heirs Male of liis Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile and Title of Earl of Mount-Edgcumbe. [Emma Gilbert Countess Mount Edgcumbe by marriage Countess of Mount Edgcumbe.]
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the Kingdom of Great Britain to the Right Honourable Hugh Lord Fortescue [aged 36], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile and Title of 1stViscount Ebrington, of Ebrington in the County of Gloucester, and Earl Fortescue. [Hester Granville Countess Fortescue [aged 23] by marriage Countess Fortescue.]
In 1796 Admiral Samuel Hood 1st Viscount Hood [aged 71] was created 1st Viscount Hood of Whitley in Warwickshire with a pension of £2000 per year for life.
The London Gazette 15317. Whitehall, December 9, 1800.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the Kingdom of Great Britain to the Right Honorable Charles Sloane Lord Cadogan [aged 72], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Viscount Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, and Earl Cadogan. [Mary Churchill Countess Cadogan [aged 42] by marriage Countess Cadogan.]
The King has also been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the Kingdom of Great Britain to the Right Honorable James Lord Malmesbury [aged 54], Baron of Malmesbury, in the County of Wilts, Knight of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Viscount Fitz-Harris, of Hurn Court, in the County of Southampton, and Earl of Malmesbury. [Harriet Maria Amyand Countess Malmesbury [aged 39] by marriage Countess Malmesbury.]
The London Gazette 15375. Whitehall, June 15, 1801.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honorable William Lord Craven [aged 30], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Names, Stiles, and Titles of Viscount Uffington, in the County of Berks, and Earl of Craven in the County of York. [Louisa Brunton Countess Craven [aged 16] by marriage Countess Craven in Yorkshire].
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honourable George Lord Onslow [aged 69], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Names, Stiles, and Title of Viscount Cranley, of Cranley, in the County of Surrey, and Earl of Onslow, of Onslow, in the County of Salop. [Henrietta Shelley Countess Onslow [aged 70] by marriage Countess Onslow.]
The King has also been pleased to grant the said Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honorable Charles Lord Romney [aged 56], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stiles, and Titles of Viscount Marsham of the Mote, in the County of Kent, and 1st Earl of Romney.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Biitain and Ireland to the Right Honorable Thomas Lord Pelham [aged 73], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile, and Title of Earl of Chichester. [Anne Frankland Countess Chichester [aged 66] by marriage Countess Chichester.]
The King has likewise been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable Thomas Lord Grey de Wilton [aged 51], and the Heirs Male, of his body lawfully begotten, by the Names, Stiles and Titles of Viscount Grey de Wilton, and Earl of Wilton, of Wilton Castle, in the County of Hereford, with Remainders to Thomas Grosvenor, Esq; Second Son, Robert Grosvenor, Esq. Third Son of the Right Honourable Robert Grosvenor [aged 34], (commonly called Viscount Belgrave), by Eleanor [aged 30] his Wife, Daughter of the said Thomas Lord Grey de Wilton, and the Fourth, Fifth, Sixths Seventh, and every other Son and Sons, of the said Eleanor by her present or any future Husband, hereafter to be begotten severally and successively, and the respective Heirs Male of their Bodies lawfully begotten. [Eleanor Assheton Viscountess Wilton [aged 48] by marriage Countess Wilton.]
In 1802 Assheton Curzon 1st Viscount Curzon [aged 71] was created 1st Viscount Curzon of Penn in Buckinghamshire. Anna Margaretta Meredith Viscountess Curzon Penn Buckinghamshire by marriage Viscountess Curzon of Penn in Buckinghamshire.
The London Gazette 15889. Whitehall, February 15, 1806.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignities of Baron and Viscount of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Thomas Anson [aged 39], Esq, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Names, Styles, and Titles of Baron Soberton, of Soberton, in the County of Southampton, and Viscount Anson, of Shugborough and Orgrave, in the County of Stafford. [Anne Margaret Coke Viscountess Anson [aged 27] by marriage Viscountess Anson of Shugborough and Orgrave in Staffordshire.]
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity ef a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Most Honorable John Denis Marquis of Sligo, Knight of the Illustrious Order of St. Patrick, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Baron Monteagle, of Westport, in the County of Mayo.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honorable Hugh Earl of Eglinton, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, arid Title of Baron Ardrossan, of Ardrossan, in the County of Ayr.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honorable James Earl of Lauderdale [aged 47], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Baron Lauderdale, of Thirlestane, in the County of Berwick.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honorable George Earl of Granard [aged 46], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Baron Granard, of Castle Donnington, in the County of Leicester.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to John Crewe [aged 63], Esq; and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Baron Crewe, of Crewe, in the County-Palatine of Chester.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to William Lygon [aged 58], Esq; and his Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Style, and Title of Baron Beauchamp of Powyke, in the County of Worcester. [Catherine Denn by marriage Baroness Beauchamp Powick in Worcestershire.]
The London Gazette 15905. Whitehall, April 1, 1806.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of an Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Ireland to the Right Honorable Charles Viscount Newark [aged 68], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile, and Title as Earl Manvers. [Anne Mills Countess Manvers [aged 59] by marriage Countess Manvers]
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of an Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honorable Horatio Baron Walpole [aged 82], and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile, and Title of Earl of Orford, in the County of Suffolk.
The King has been pleased to grant the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Ireland to the Right Honorable Charles Lord Grey [aged 76], of Howick; Knight of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath, and General of His Majesty's Forces, and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begotten, by the Names, Stile, and Titles of Viscount Howick, in the County of Northumberland, and Earl Grey. [Note. Elizabeth Grey Countess Grey [aged 62] by marriage Countess Grey.]
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 12th August 1815 Granville Leveson-Gower 1st Earl Granville [aged 41] was created 1st Viscount Granville. Harriet Cavendish Countess Granville [aged 29] by marriage Viscountess Granville.
The London Gazette 17066. Whitehall, September 30, 1815.
His Royal, Highness the Prince Regent has been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the Dignities of Earl and Marquess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Honourable George James Earl of Cholmondeley [aged 66], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Earl of Rocksavage, in the county palatine of Chester, and Marquess Cholmondeley. [Note. Georgina Charlotte Bertie Marchioness Cholmondeley [aged 54] by marriage Marchioness Cholmondeley.]
His Royal Highness the Prince Regent has also been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable James Walter [aged 40], Viscount Grimston, of that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland, and Baron Verulam of Gorhambury, in the county of Hertford, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Grimston and Earl Verulam.
His Royal Highness has also been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignities of Baron and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable Charles Viscount Whitworth [aged 63], Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, His Majesty's Lieutenant-General and General Governor of Ireland, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Baron Adbaston, in the county of Stafford, and Earl Whitworth.
His Royal Highness has also been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable John Lord Brownlow [aged 36], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Alford, of Alford in the county of Lincoln, and Earl Brownlow.
His Royal Highness has also been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignity of Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable John Craggs Lord Eliot [aged 54], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Earl of Saint Germains, in the county of Cornwall.
His Royal Highness the Prince Regent has also been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable John Lord Boringdon [aged 43], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stiles, and titles of Viscount Boringdon, of North Malton, in the County of Devon, and Earl Morley, of Morley in the said county.
His Royal Highness bas also been pleased, in the name and on behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable Orlando Baron Bradford [aged 53], and the heirs mile of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Newport, in the county of Salop, and Earl of Bradford, in the said, county. [Note. Lucy Elizabeth Byng Countess Bradford [aged 48] by marriage Countess Bradford.]
His Royal Highness has also been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, to grant the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable William Baron Beauchamp [aged 68], of Powyke, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Elmley, in the county of Worcester, and Earl of Beauchamp. [Catherine Denn Countess Beauchamp by marriage Countess Beauchamp.]
His Royal Highness has also been pleased, in the name and on behalf of His Majesty to grant the dignity of a Viscount of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable Alan Hyde Lord Gardner [aged 45], Vice-Admiral of the White Squadron of his Majesty's fleet, by the name, stile, and title of Viscount Gardner. [Note. He died before the patent had passed the Great Seal so the patent was null and void.]
On 10th December 1816 Edward Pellew 1st Viscount Exmouth [aged 59] was created 1st Viscount Exmouth. Susan Frowde [aged 60] by marriage Viscountess Exmouth.
The London Gazette 17722. Whitehall, July 6, 1821. The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, for granting the dignities of a Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to John Baron Elton [aged 70], Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, and the heirs, male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Encombe of Encombe, in the county of Dorset, and Earl of Eldon, in the county palatine of Durham.
The London Gazette 17724. 9th July 1821. Whitehall. .
The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignities of Viscount, Earl, and Marquess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Charles Earl of Ailesbury [aged 48], Knight of the Most Ancient aud Most Noble Order of the Thistle, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Savernake, of Savernake-Forest, in the county of Wilts, Earl Bruce, of Whorlton, in the county of York, and Marquess of Ailesbury, in the county of BucKingham
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of an Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Edward Viscount Falmouth [aged 34], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Earl of Falmouth, in the county of Cornwall. [Anne Frances Bankes Countess Falmouth [aged 31] by marriage Countess Falmouth.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of an Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to Richard William Penn Viscount Curzon [aged 24], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Earl Howe. [Note. Harriet Georgiana Brudenell Countess Howe [aged 22] by marriage Countess Howe.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to John Sommers Baron Sommers [aged 61], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Eastnor, of Eastnor Castle, in the county of Hereford, and Earl Sommers.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to John Baron Rous [aged 71], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Dunwich and Earl of Stradbroke, in the county of Suffolk. [Charlotte Maria Whittaker Countess of Stradbroke [aged 52] by marriage Countess Stradbroke.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of Viscount of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to Richard Earl of Donoughmore [aged 65], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Viscount Hutchinson, of Knocklofty, in the county of Tipperary; with remainder, in default of such issue male, to the heirs male of the body of Christian Baroness Donoughmore, deceased (mother of the said Richard Earl of Donoughmore), by John Hely Hutchinson, Esq. also deceased.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting: the dignity ot a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to William Marquess of Lothian [aged 57], Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotton, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Ker, of Kersheugh, in the county of Roxburgh.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Henry Marquess Conyngham [aged 54], Knight of the Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Minster, of Minster-Abbey, in the county of Kent.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to James Earl of Ormonde and Ossory [aged 43], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotton, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Ormonde, of Llanthony, in the county of Monmouth; with remainder, in default of such issue male, to his brother the Honourable Charles Howard Butler Clarke [aged 40], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten. [Note. Grace Louisa Staples Marchioness Ormonde by marriage Baroness Ormonde of Llanthony in Monmouthshire.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Francis Earl of Wemyss and March [aged 49], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Wemyss, of Wemyss, in the county of Fife.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Robert Earl of Roden [aged 32], Knight of the Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Clanbrassill, of Hyde-Hall, in the county of Hertford, and Dundalk, in the county of Louth.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting, the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to George Earl of Kingston [aged 50], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Kingston, of Mitchelstown, in the county of Cork.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to Thomas Earl of Longford [aged 47], Knight of the Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile and title of Baron Silchester, of Silchester, in the county of Southampton.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom ef Great Britain and Ireland, to James Murray [aged 39], Esq. (commonly called Lord James Murray), and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten by the name, stile, and title of Baron Glenlyon of Glenlyon, in the county of Perth. [Note. Emily Frances Percy Baroness Goldolphin Helston [aged 33] by marriage Baroness Glenlyon of Glenlyon in Perthshire.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters:patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting1 the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable William Wellesley Pole [aged 58], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Maryborough, of Maryborough, in the Queen's-County.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourable John Foster [aged 81], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotton, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Oriel, of Ferrard, in the county of Louth.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters;patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Right Honourtable Sir William Scott [aged 75], Knt and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Stowell, of Stowell Park, in the county of Gloucester
The King has also been pleased to direct letters matent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Sir Thomas Henry Liddell [aged 46], Bart, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Ravensworth, of Ravenswortb-Castle, in the county-palatine of Durham, and of Eslington, in the county of Northumberland. [Note. Maria Susannah Simpson Baroness Calthorpe [aged 48] by marriage Baroness Ravensworth of Ravensworth Castle in County Durham.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity to a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Thomas Cholmondeley [aged 53], Esq. of Vale-Royal, in the county-palatine of Chester, and to the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Delamere, of Vale-Royal, in the said county. [Note. Henrietta Elizabeth Williams-Wynn Baroness Delamere [aged 50] by marriage Baroness Delamere of Vale Royal in Cheshire.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Cecil Weld Forester [aged 54], Esq. of Willey-Park, in the county of Salop, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Forester, of Willey-Park, in the said county. [Note. Katherine Mary Manners Baroness Forester by marriage Baroness Forester of Willey Park in Shropshire.]
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baroness of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to Charlotte Mary Gertrude Strutt [aged 63] (commonly called Lady Charlotte Mary Gertrude Strutt), and the heirs male of her body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baroness Rayleigh, of Terling-place in the county of Essex.
On 28th March 1823 General William Carr Beresford 1st Viscount Beresford [aged 54] was created 1st Viscount Beresford of Beresford in Staffordshire.
On 8th February 1827 Stapleton Cotton 1st Viscount Combermere [aged 53] was created 1st Viscount Combermere. Caroline Greville Viscountess Comberemere [aged 38] by marriage Viscountess Combermere.
The London Gazette 18356. Whitehall, April 25, 1827.
The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Viscount of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson [aged 44], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Viscount Goderich, of Nocton, in the county of Lincoln.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto James Earl of Fife, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Fife, of the county Fife.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable Sir Charles Abbott [aged 64], Knt Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the namey stile, and title, of Baron Tenterden, of Hendon, in the county of Middlesex.
The King has also been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable William Conyngham Plunket [aged 62], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, stile, and title of Baron Plunket, of Newtown, in, the county of Cork.
On 22nd January 1828 Joan Scott Viscountess Canning [aged 51] was created 1st Viscountess Canning with a special remainder to the heirs male of her late husband George Canning Prime Mininster.
The London Gazette 18803. Whitehall, May 12, 1831. The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignities of Baron, Viscount, and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto George FitzClarence [aged 37], Esq. Colonel in the Army, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Baron Tewkesbury, Viscount Fitzclarence, and Earl of Munster. [Note. Mary Wyndham Countess Munster [aged 38] by marriage Countess Munster.]
In 1835 Charles Manners-Sutton 1st Viscount Canterbury [aged 54] was created 1st Viscount Canterbury of Canterbury, 1st Baron Bottesford of Bottesford in Leicestershire.
On 22nd September 1842 Rowland Hill 1st Baron Hill [aged 70] was created 1st Viscount Hill of Hawkestone and Hardwicke in Shropshire, with a special remainder, failing heirs male of his body, to his nephew, Sir Rowland Hill 4th Baronet [aged 42].
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 2nd May 1846 Henry Hardinge 1st Viscount Hardinge [aged 61] was created 1st Viscount Hardinge of Lahore and Kings Newton in Derbyshire. Emily Jane Stewart Viscountess Hardinge [aged 57] by marriage Viscountess Hardinge of Lahore and Kings Newton in Derbyshire.
The London Gazette 20618. Whitehall, June 27', 1846. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignities of Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable Lord Francis Egerton [aged 46], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten,by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Brackley, of Brackley, in the county of Northampton, and Earl of Ellesmere, of Ellesmere, in the county of Salop. [Harriet Greville Countess Ellesmere [aged 43] by marriage Countess Ellesmere.]
On 28th August 1847 John Byng Viscount Enfield [aged 75] was created 1st Earl Strafford, 1st Viscount Enfield of Enfield in Middlesex.
On 4th June 1849 Hugh Gough 1st Viscount Gough [aged 69] was created 1st Viscount Gough of Goojerat in the Punjab and of the City of Limerick.
On 11th June 1850 Charles Christopher Pepys 1st Earl of Cottenham [aged 69] was created 1st Earl of Cottenham, 1st Viscount Crowhurst of Crowhurst in Surrey.
The London Gazette 21981. Whitehall, March 23, 1857. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Viscount of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, unto the Right Honourable Charles Shaw Lefevre [aged 63], late Speaker of the House of Commons, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title, of Viscount Eversley, of Heckfield, in the county of Southampton.
In 1866 Charles Wood 1st Viscount Halifax [aged 65] was created 1st Viscount Halifax. Mary Grey Viscountess Halifax [aged 58] by marriage Viscountess Halifax.
On 13th November 1871 Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava [aged 45] was created 1st Earl of Dufferin in County Down, 1st Viscount Dufferin of Claneboye in County Down.
On 4th March 1884 Henry Brand 1st Viscount Hampden [aged 69] was created 1st Viscount Hampden.
In November 1891 Emily Danvers 1st Viscountess Hambleden was created 1st Viscountess Hambleden of Hambleden in Buckinghamshire in honour of her late husband William Henry Smith [deceased] who had died the month before.
In August 1901 Evelyn Baring 1st Earl Cromer [aged 60] was created 1st Viscount Errington Hexham Northumberland. Katherine Georgina Louisa Thynne Countess Cromer [aged 36] by marriage Viscountess Errington Hexham Northumberland.
The London Gazette 27455. Whitehall, July 15, 1902. The King has been pleased to direct Letters Patent so be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, granting the dignity of a Viscount of the said United Kingdom unto the Right Honourable Charles John [aged 83], Lord Colville of Culross, K.T., G.C.V.O., Lord Chamberlain to Her Majesty Queen Alexandra, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Viscount Colville of Culross, in the county of' Perth.
The London Gazette 27455. Whitehall, July 15, 1902.
The King has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, granting the dignity of a Viscount of the said United Kingdom unto Victor Albert Francis Charles, Lord Churchill [aged 37], KCVO, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Viscount Churchill, of Rolleston, in the county of Leicester.
The London Gazette 28519. Whitehall, August 3, 1911. The King has been pleased, by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date the 5th July, 1911, to confer the dignity cof a Viscount of the said United Kingdom upon the Right Honourable Wentworth Canning Blackett [aged 50], Baron Allendale, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Allendale of Allendale and Hexham, in the county of Northumberland. p[Alexandrina Louise Maud Vane-Tempest Viscountess Allendale [aged 47] by marriage Viscountess Allendale of Allendale and Hexham in Northumberland].
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 11th May 1914 Sydney Charles Buxton 1st Earl Buxton [aged 60] was created 1st Viscount Buxton of Newtimber in Sussex.
In 1916 Edward Grey 1st Viscount Fallodon [aged 53] was created 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon in Northumberland.
In 1916 Henry Chaplin 1st Viscount Chaplin [aged 75] was created 1st Viscount Chaplin of Saint Oswald's in Blankney in Lincolnshire.
In 1917 William Waldorf Astor 1st Viscount Astor [aged 68] was created 1st Viscount Astor.
In 1917 Lewis Vernon-Harcourt 1st Viscount Harcourt [aged 53] was created 1st Viscount Harcourt of Stanton Harcourt in Oxfordshire.
The London Gazette 29924. Whitehall, January 30, 1917. The King has been pleased, by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to confer the dignity of a Viscount of the said United Kingdom upon the Right Honourable Weetman Dickinson [aged 60], Baron Cowdray, President of the Air Board; and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Cowdray, of Cowdray, in the county of Sussex. [Annie Cass Viscountess Cowdray [aged 56] by marriage Viscountess Cowdray of Cowdray in Sussex.]
The London Gazette 30150. Whitehall, June 26, 1917. The King, has been pleased, by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bear ing date the 21st instant, to confer the dignity of a Viscount of the said United Kingdom upon the Right Honourable Horace Brand [aged 73], Baron Farquhar, GCVO, Lord Steward of the Household, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Farquhar, of Saint Marylebone, in the county of London.
In 1918 Marmaduke Furness 1st Viscount Furness [aged 34] was created 1st Viscount Furness of Grantley in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
The London Gazette 30968. Whitehall, October 19, 1918. Letters Patent have passed the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland conferring the dignity of a Viscount of the said United Kingdom upon the Right Honourable Francis Leveson [aged 74], Baron Bertie of Thame, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Bertie of Thame, in the County of Oxford. [Feodorowna Cecilia Wellesley Viscountess Bertie Thame [aged 80] by marriage Viscountess Bertie Thame.]
In 1921 Frederick Smith 1st Earl of Birkenhead [aged 48] was created 1st Viscount Birkenhead of Birkenhead in Cheshire.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 28th April 1921 Edmund Bernard Fitzalan Howard 1st Viscount Fitzalan Derwent Derby [aged 65] was created 1st Viscount Fitzalan Derwent Derby. Mary Caroline Bertie Viscountess Fitzalan Derwent Derby [aged 61] by marriage Viscountess Fitzalan Derwent Derby.
The London Gazette 32776. Whitehall, December 9, 1922. Letters Patent have passed the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland creating the undermentioned Earldoms, Viscountcies and Baronies:
The Right Honourable Frederick Edwin [aged 50], Viscount Birkenhead, to be Viscount Furneaux, of Charlton, in the County of Northampton, and Earl Of Birkenhead. [Margaret Eleanor Furneaux Countess of Birkenhead [aged 44] by marriage Countess Birkenhead.]
The Right Honourable Horace Brand [aged 78], Viscount Farquhar, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., late Lord Steward of the Household, to be Earl Farquhar.
The Right Honourable Arthur Hamilton, Baron Lee of Fareham, G.B.E., K.C.B., to be Viscount Lee of Fareham, of Bridport, in the County of Dorset.
William Hesketh [aged 71], Baron Leverhulme, to be Viscount Leverhulme, of The Western Isles, in the Counties of Inverness and Ross and Cromarty.
The Right Honourable Francis Bingham Mildmay to be Baron Mildmay Of Flete, of Totnes, in the County of Devon.
The Right Honourable Sir Joseph Paton Maclay, Baronet, to be Baron Maclay, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark.
The Right Honourable Sir Edward Alfred Goulding, Baronet, to be Baron Wargrave, of Wargrave Hall, in the County of Berks. Sir John Henry Bethell, Baronet, to be BARON BETHELL, of Romford, in the County of Essex.
On 28th December 1923 Edgar Gascoyne-Cecil 1st Viscount Cecil [aged 59] was created 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood of East Grinstead in Sussex. Eleanor Lambton Viscountess Cecil [aged 55] by marriage Viscountess Cecil of Chelwood of East Grinstead in Sussex.
In 1926 Edgar Vincent 1st Viscount D'Abernon [aged 68] was created 1st Viscount D'Abernon of Esher and Stoke D'Abernon in Surrey. Helen Venetia Duncombe Viscountess D'Abernon [aged 60] by marriage Viscountess D'Abernon of Esher and Stoke D'Abernon in Surrey.
In 1929 William Bridgeman 1st Viscount Bridgeman [aged 64] was created 1st Viscount Bridgeman of Leigh in Shropshire. Caroline Beatrix Parker Viscountess Bridgeman [aged 55] by marriage Viscountess Bridgeman of Leigh in Shropshire.
In 1937 Hamar Greenwood 1st Viscount Greenwood [aged 66] was created 1st Viscount Greenwood of Holbourne in London. Margery Spencer Viscountess Greenwood [aged 50] by marriage Viscountess Greenwood of Holbourne in London.
On 6th May 1943 Muriel Douglas-Pennant 1st Viscountess Daventry [aged 73] was created 1st Viscountess Daventry in recognition of her late husband Edward Fitzroy, former Speaker of the House of Commons. The creation being the last hereditary peerage created.
The London Gazette 37166. Whitehall, July 6, 1945.
The King has been pleased, by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date the 2nd instant, to confer the dignity of a Viscounty of .the United Kingdom upon the Right Honourable Christopher, Baron Addison [aged 77], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Addison, of Stallingborough in the County of Lincoln. [Dorothy Low Viscountess Addison by marriage Viscountess Addison of Stallingborough in Lincolnshire]
The London Gazette 37407. CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS OF KNIGHTHOOD.
St. James's Palace, S.W.1. 1st January, 1946.
The King has been graciously pleased to signify His Majesty's intention of conferring Peerages of the United Kingdom on the following military war leaders: —
To be Viscounts:
Field-Marshal the Right Honourable Alan Francis, BARON ALANBROOKE [aged 62] [Viscount Alanbrook], G.C.B., D.S.O., Aide-de-Camp General to the King.
Field-Marshal the Honourable Sir Harold Rupert Leofric George ALEXANDER, G.C.B., C.S.I., D.S.O., M.C., Aide-de-Camp General to the King.
Admiral of the Fleet the Right Honourable Andrew Browne, BARON CUNNINGHAM OF HYNDHOPE, K.T., G.C.B., D.S.O.
Field-Marshal Sir Bernard Law MONTGOMERY [aged 58] [Viscount Montgomery of El Alamein], G.C.B., D.S.O.
Marshal of the Royal Air Force the Right Honourable Charles Frederick . Algernon, BARON PORTAL OF HUNGERFORD, G.C.B., D.S.O., M.C.
To be Barons:
Admiral Sir Bruce Austin FRASER, G.C.B., K.B.E.
Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Arthur William TEDDER, G. C. B.
Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Cronyn TOVEY, G.C.B., K.B.E., D.S.O., First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp to the King.
Field-Marshal Sir Henry Maitland WILSON, G.C.B., G.B.E., D.S.O., Aide-de-Camp General to the King.
The London Gazette 40684. Whitehall, January 13, 1956. The Queen has been pleased by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date the 13th instant, to confer the dignity of a Viscounty of the United Kingdom upon Captain the Right Honourable Harry Frederick Comfort Crookshank [aged 62], C.H., and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Crookshank, of Gainsborough in the County of Lincoln.
In 1960 Antony Head 1st Viscount Head [aged 53] was created 1st Viscount Head of Throope in Wiltshire. Dorothea Louise Ashley-Cooper Viscountess Head [aged 52] by marriage Viscountess Head of Throope in Wiltshire.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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The London Gazette 42411. Whitehall, London S.W.1. 14th July 1961.
The Queen has been pleased by Letters Patent under the. Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date the 12th July, to confer the dignities of a Viscounty and an Earldom of the United Kingdom upon The Right Honourable Sir Robert Anthony Eden [aged 64], KG, MC, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, styles and titles of Viscount Eden, of Royal Leamington Spa in the County of Warwick, and Earl of Avon.
The London Gazette 43511. 7th December 1964. The QUEEN has been pleased by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date the 7th day of December 1964, to confer the dignity of a Viscounty of the United Kingdom upon Major the Right Honourable Reginald Edward Baron Dilhorne [aged 59], and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style and title of Viscount Dilhorne, of Greens Norton in the County of Northampton.