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On this Day in History ... 12th June

12 Jun is in June.

1381 Peasants' Revolt

1435 Battle of Gerberoy

1467 Tournament Bastard of Burgundy

1540 Execution of Thomas Cromwell

1613 Marriage of Elizabeth Stewart and Frederick V Elector Palatine

1665 Battle of Lowestoft

1677 Treaty of Nimeguen

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 12th June

. 12th June 1121. After a few days, one named Everard, attached to the king's chapel, was elected bishop of Norwich, and consecrated at Canterbury [Map] by archbishop Ralph on the second of the ides [the 12th] of June; Arnulph, bishop of Rochester, Richard, bishop of Hereford, and Robert, bishop of Coventry, having met for the purpose.

On 12th June 1152 Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria (age 38) died. His half brother Simon (age 54) succeeded 4th Earl Huntingdon, 4th Earl of Northampton. His son Malcolm (age 11) succeeded 2nd Earl of Northumbria.

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 12th [Jun 1358] she [Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 63)] returned to Ospringe, and on the 13th proceeded to Leeds Castle, where she remained till the 2nd of July; receiving as visitors the Prior of Leeds and Sir Arnold Savage (age 33), and dining in Langley Park, with many strangers, on the 19th of June; and being at Sutton Park, together with the Queen of Scotland (age 36), on the 25th. It is evident, therefore, that her daughter had accompanied her from Hertford.

Chronicle of Adam of Usk. 12th June 1381. During this king Richard's reign great things were looked for. But he being of tender years, others, who had the care of him and his kingdom, did not cease to inflict on the land acts of wantonness, extortions, and unbearable wrongs. Whence sprang that unnatural deed, when the commons of the land, and specially those of Kent and Essex, under their wretched leader Jack Straw1, declaring that they could no longer bear such wrongs, and above all wrongs of taxes and subsidies, rose in overwhelming numbers against the lords and the king's officers, and, marching to London on the eve of Corpus Christi (12th June), in the year of Our Lord 1381 struck off the heads of Simon Sudbury (age 65), archbishop of Canterbury, then the king's chancellor, sir Robert Hales (age 56), the treasurer, and many others, hard by the Tower of London. And on the places where these lords were beheaded there are set up to this day two marble crosses, a lasting memorial of so monstrous a deed.

Note 1. Wat Tyler is quite lost sight of. Knighton (Rolls series, ij. 137), in like manner, confuses the two men: "ductor eorum proprio nomine Watte Tyler, sed jam nomine mutato vocatus est Jakke Strawe."

On 12th June 1415 Alfonso V King Aragon (age 19) and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Aragon (age 13) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Aragon. She the daughter of Henry III King Castile and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile (age 42). He the son of Ferdinand I King Aragon (age 34) and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon (age 41). They were first cousins. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 9th May 1435 a French force commanded by Étienne Vignolles "La Hire" heavily defeated an English force commanded by John Fitzalan 7th or 14th Earl of Arundel (age 27) at the Battle of Gerberoy.

On 12th June 1435 John Fitzalan 7th or 14th Earl of Arundel was captured and died from wounds received at the battle. His son Humphrey (age 6) succeeded 8th ot 15th Earl Arundel, 5th Baron Maltravers, 5th Baron Arundel.

Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 30) fought.

Chronicle of Gregory. 12th June 1435. And that same year was slayne the Erle of Arundelle (age 27) in France.

On 12th June 1467 the fighting on foot commenced, with axes. The day ended with no clear winner; honours equal.

On 12th June 1476 Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York (age 2) was created 1st Earl Nottingham by King Edward IV of England (age 34).

Letters of Thomas Cromwell. Thomas Cromwell (age 55) to King Henry VIII. 12th June 1540. [B.M. Titus B. i, 273, TNA xv no. 776].

Most gracious King and most merciful sovereign, your most humble most obedient and most bounden subject and most lamentable servant and prisoner, prostrates at the feet of your most excellent majesty. I have heard your pleasure by the mouth of your Comptroller [William Kingston (age 64)] which was that I should write to your most excellent highness, such things as I thought mete to be written concerning my most miserable state and condition, for the which your most abundant goodness, benignity and license the immortal God there and on reward, Your Majesty. And now, most gracious Prince, to the matter. First whereas I have been accused to your Majesty of treason, to that I say I never in all my life thought willingly to do that thing that might or should displease your Majesty and much less to do or say that thing which of itself is so high and abominable offence, as God knows who I doubt not shall reveal the truth to your Highness. My accusers your Grace knows God forgive them. For as I ever have had love to your honour, person life, prosperity, health, wealth, joy, and comfort, and also your most dear and most entirely beloved son, the Prince his Grace, and your proceeding. God so help me in this my adversity and confound me if ever I thought the contrary. What labours, pains and travails I have taken according to my most bounden duty, God also knows, for if it were in my power as it is God's to make your Majesty to live ever young and prosperous, God knows I would, if it had been or were in my power to make you so rich, as you might enrich all men. God help me, as I would do it if it had been, or were, in my power to make your Majesty so puissant as all the world should be compelled to obey you. Christ, he knows I would for so am I of all other most bound for your Majesty who has been the most bountiful prince to me that ever was king to his subject. You are more like a dear father, your Majesty, not offended then a master. Such has been your most grave and godly counsels towards me at sundry times in that I have offended I ask your mercy. Should I now, for such exceeding goodness, benignity, liberality, and bounty be your traitor, nay then the greatest pains were too little for me. Should any faction or any affection to any point make me a traitor to your Majesty then all the devils in hell confound me and the vengeance of God light upon me if I should once have thought it. Most gracious sovereign lord, to my remembrance I never spoke with the Chancellor of the Augmentations [Richard Rich 1st Baron Rich (age 43)] and Throgmorton [Michael Throckmorton] together at one time. But if I did, I am sure I spoke never of any such matter and your Grace knows what manner of man Throgmorton has ever been towards your Grace and your preceding. And what Master Chancellor [Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden (age 52)] has been towards me, God and he best knows I will never accuse him. What I have been towards him, your Majesty, right well knows I would to Christ I had obeyed your often most gracious, grave counsels and advertisements, then it had not been with me as now it is. Yet our lord, if it be his will, can do with me as he did with Susan1 who was falsely accused, unto the which God I have only committed my soul, my body and goods at your Majesty's pleasure, in whose mercy and piety I do holy repose me for other hope then in God and your Majesty I have not. Sir, as to your Commonwealth, I have after my wit, power and knowledge travailed therein having had no respect to persons (your Majesty only except) and my duty to the same but that I have done any injustice or wrong wilfully, I trust God shall bear my witness and the world not able justly to accuse me, and yet I have not done my duty in all things as I was bound wherefore I ask mercy. If I have heard of any combinations, conventicles or such as were offenders of your laws, I have though not as I should have done for the most part revealed them and also caused them to be punished not of malice as God shall judge me. Nevertheless, Sir, I have meddled in so many matters under your Highness that I am not able to answer them all, but one thing I am well assured of that, wittingly and willingly. I have not had will to offend your Highness, but hard as it is for me or any other meddling as I have done to live under your Grace and your laws, but we must daily offend and where I have offended, I most humbly ask mercy and pardon at your gracious will and pleasure. Amongst other things, most gracious sovereign, Master Comptroller showed me that your Grace showed him that within these 14 days you committed a matter of great secret, which I did reveal contrary to your expectation. Sir, I do remember well the matter which I never revealed to any creature, but this I did, Sir, after your grace had opened the matter first to me in your chamber and declared your lamentable fate declaring the thing which your Highness misliked in the Queen, at which time I showed your Grace that she often desired to speak with me but I dared not and you said why should I not, alleging that I might do much good in going to her and to be playing with her in declaring my mind. I thereupon, lacking opportunity, not being a little grieved spoke privily with her Lord Chamberlain [Thomas Manners 1st Earl of Rutland (age 48)], for the which I ask your Grace mercy, desiring him not naming your Grace to him to find some means that the Queen might be induced to order your Grace pleasantly in her behaviour towards your thinking, thereby for to have had some faults amended, to your Majesty's comfort. And after that, by general word of the said Lord Chamberlain and others of the Queen's Council, being with me in my chamber at Westminster for license for the departure of the strange maidens. I then required them to counsel their masters to use all pleasantness to your Highness, the which things undoubtedly warn both spoken before your Majesty committed the secret matter unto me only of purpose that she might have been induced to such pleasant and honourable fashions as might have been to your Grace's comfort which above all things as God knows I did most court and desire, but that I opened my mouth to any creature after your Majesty committed the secret thereof to me, other then only to my Lord Admiral, which I did by your Grace's commandment which was upon Sunday last in the morning, whom I then found as willing and glad to ask remedy for your comfort and consolation, and saw by him that he did as much lament your Highness' fate as ever did a man, and was wonderfully grieved to see your Highness so troubled, wishing greatly your comfort. For the attaining whereof, he said for your honour saved, he would spend the best blood in his body, and if I would not do the like and willingly die for your comfort I would I were in hell, and I would I should receive a thousand deaths. Sir, this is all that I have done in that matter and if I have offended your Majesty, therein prostrate at your Majesty's feet. I most lowly aske mercy and pardon of your Highness. Sir, there was also laid unto my charge at my examination that I had retained, contrary to your laws, Sir. What exposition may be made upon retainers I know not, but this will I say, if ever I retained any man but such only as were my household servants but against my will God confound me, but, most gracious sovereign, I have been so called on and sought by them that said they were my friend that constrained thereunto. I received their children and friends, not as retainers, for their fathers and parents did promise me to friend them and so took I them not as retainers to my great charge and for none evil as God best knows interpret to the contrary who will most humbly beseeching your Majesty of pardon if I have offended therein. Sir, I do acknowledge myself to have been a most miserable and wretched sinner and that I have not towards God and your Highness behaved myself as I ought and should have done. For the which, my offence to God while I live I shall continually call for his mercy and for my offences to your Grace which God knows were never malicious nor wilful, and that I never thought treason to your Highness your realm or posterity. So God, help me in word or deed, nevertheless I prostrate at your Majesty's feet in what thing soever I have offended I appeal to your Highness for mercy, grace and pardon in such ways as shall be your pleasure beseeching the almighty maker and redeemer of this world to send your Majesty continual and long health, wealth and prosperity with Nestor's2 years to reign, and your most dear son, the prince's grace, to prosper reign and continue long after you, and they that would contrary, a short life, shame, and confusion. Written with the quaking hand and most sorrowful heart of your most sorrowful subject and most humble servant and prisoner, this Saturday at your Tower of London.

Thomas Crumwell

Note 1. The Book of Daniel – a Hebrew wife named Susanna was falsely accused by lecherous voyeurs.

Note 2. Nestor from the Iliad, known for wisdom and generosity, which increased as he aged.

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Diary of Edward VI. 12th June 1550. The marquis de Means (age 31) came from Scoteland, in post, and went his way into Fraunce.

After 20th February 1613 Frederick Palatinate Simmern V Elector Palatine Rhine (age 16) and Princess Elizabeth Stewart Queen Bohemia (age 16) commenced their journey to his home at Heidelburg. They visited Prince Maurice I of Orange (age 45). They arrived in Heidelburg on 12th June 1613 amidst widespread celebration.

John Harington 1st Baron Harington (age 73) and Anne Keilway Baroness Harington (age 59)

Sisters Elizabeth Apsley and Alice Apsley travelled as Maids of Honour to Princess Elizabeth Stewart Queen Bohemia.

Register of the Privy Council of Scotland Volume 12. [12th June 1622] The quhilk day the letter underwrittin, signed be the Kingis Majestie in favouris of Robert, Earle of Wyntoun (age 38), wes presentit to the Lordis of Secreit Counsell and red in thair audience: Off the whilk the tennour followis—Right trustie and right weilbelovit cosines and counsellouris, and right trustie and weilbelovit counsellouris, we greete yow weele—Althoght we ar not ignorant that it wer more necessarie to mak a generall restreante of exportatioun of coillis: oute of that our kingdome then in ony wayes to further the same, yitt, seeing no law can be maid so generall bot that some persons: for certane respectis may be excused frome the penaltie thairof, we haif thoght goode, for the reddie forduardnes whilk we haif often found in the Earle of Wyntoun to the advancement of oure service, to dispens with the generall order in his behalff, and by these presents to require' yow to suffer and permitt hia to sell his coallis to be transported "according as he sall find to be most for his commoditie, providing: ~alwayes that he serve the cuntiie with the lyke store and at als easie ratis as he did of efoir or as his nightbouris presentlie do. Wheriu not doubting of your couformitie to our pleasour, we bid yow fairweele. —Gevin at oure pallace of Whytehall the xij day of Junij 1622.

On 12th June 1629 Henry Goodere of Hatfield (age 77) died. He was buried at St Etheldreda's Church, Hatfield [Map].

Henry Goodere of Hatfield: Around 1552 he was born. Around 1575 he and Audrey Rombold were married. They were married for fifty-three years having seven sons and seven daughters.

John Evelyn's Diary. 12th June 1650. Being Trinity Sunday, the Dean of Peterborough (age 55) preached; after which there was an ordination of two divines, Durell and Brevent (the one was afterward Dean of Windsor, the other of Durham, both very learned persons). The Bishop of Galloway officiated with great gravity, after a pious and learned exhortation declaring the weight and dignity of their function, especially now in a time of the poor Church of England's affliction. He magnified the sublimity of the calling, from the object, viz, the salvation of men's souls, and the glory of God; producing many human instances of the transitoriness and vanity of all other dignity; that of all the triumphs the Roman conquerors made, none was comparable to that of our Blessed Savior's, when he led captivity captive, and gave gifts to men, namely, that of the Holy Spirit, by which his faithful and painful ministers triumphed over Satan as often as they reduced a sinner from the error of his ways. He then proceeded to the ordination. They were presented by the Dean in their surplices before the altar, the Bishop sitting in a chair at one side; and so were made both Deacons and Priests at the same time, in regard to the necessity of the times, there being so few Bishops left in England, and consequently danger of a failure of both functions. Lastly, they proceeded to the Communion. This was all performed in Sir Richard Browne's (age 45) chapel, at Paris.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th June 1660. To Mr. Crew's (age 62), whither came Mr. Greatorex (age 35), and with him to the Faithornes (age 44), and so to the Devils tavern [Map]. To my Lord's and staid till 12 at night about business. So to my father's (age 59), my father and mother in bed, who had been with my uncle Fenner, &c., and my wife all day and expected me. But I found Mr. Cook there, and so to bed.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th June 1660. Visited by the two Pierces, Mr. Blackburne, Dr. Clerk and Mr. Creed, and did give them a ham of bacon. So to my Lord and with him to the Duke of Gloucester (age 19). The two Dukes dined with the Speaker (age 57), and I saw there a fine entertainment and dined with the pages.

On 31st January 1663 John Spelman (age 56) died. On 12th June 1649 Anne Heveningham died. They were buried in All Saints Church, Narborough [Map].

Anne Heveningham: she was born to John Heveningham of Ketteringham and Alice Shelton. Before 1st August 1640 John Spelman and she were married.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th June 1663. At noon to the Exchange [Map] and so home to dinner, and abroad with my wife by water to the Royall Theatre [Map]; and there saw "The Committee", a merry but indifferent play, only Lacey's part, an Irish footman, is beyond imagination. Here I saw my Lord Falconbridge (age 36), and his Lady, my Lady Mary Cromwell (age 26), who looks as well as I have known her, and well clad; but when the House began to fill she put on her vizard1, and so kept it on all the play; which of late is become a great fashion among the ladies, which hides their whole face.

Note 1. Masks were commonly used by ladies in the reign of Elizabeth, and when their use was revived at the Restoration for respectable women attending the Theatre [Map], they became general. They soon, however, became the mark of loose women, and their use was discontinued by women of repute. On June 1st, 1704, a song was sung at the Theatre [Map] in Lincoln's Inn Fields called "The Misses' Lamentation for want of their Vizard Masques at the Theatre [Map]". Mr. R. W. Lowe gives several references to the use of vizard masks at the Theatre [Map] in his interesting biography, "Thomas Betterton (age 27)"..

John Evelyn's Diary. 8th June 1665. Came news of his highness's (age 35) victory, which indeed might have been a complete one, and at once ended the war, had it been pursued, but the cowardice of some, or treachery, or both, frustrated that. We had, however, bonfires, bells, and rejoicing in the city. Next day, the 9th, I had instant orders to repair to the Downs, so as I got to Rochester, Kent [Map] this evening. Next day I lay at Deal, Kent [Map], where I found all in readiness: but, the fleet being hindered by contrary winds, I came away on the 12th, and went to Dover, Kent [Map], and returned to Deal, Kent [Map]; and on the 13th, hearing the fleet was at Solbay, I went homeward, and lay at Chatham, Kent [Map], and on the 14th, I got home. On the 15th, came the eldest son of the present Secretary of State to the French King, with much other company, to dine with me. After dinner, I went with him to London, to speak to my Lord General for more guards, and gave his Majesty an account of my journey to the coasts under my inspection. I also waited on his Royal Highness (age 31), now come triumphant from the fleet, gotten into repair. See the whole history of this conflict in my "History of the Dutch War"..

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th June 1665. Up, and in my yesterday's new suit to the Duke of Albemarle (age 56), and after a turne in White Hall, and then in Westminster Hall [Map], returned, and with my taylor bought some gold lace for my sleeve hands in Pater Noster Row [Map].

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th June 1665. So home to dinner, and then to the office, and down the River to Deptford, Kent [Map], and then back again and to my Lord Treasurer's (age 58), and up and down to look after my Tangier business, and so home to my office, then to supper and to bed. The Duke of Yorke (age 31) is sent for last night and expected to be here to-morrow.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 12th June 1667. By and by, after dinner, my wife out by coach to see her mother; and I in another, being afraid, at this busy time, to be seen with a woman in a coach, as if I were idle, towards The. Turner's (age 15); but met Sir W. Coventry's (age 39) boy; and there in his letter find that the Dutch had made no motion since their taking Sheernesse [Map]; and the Duke of Albemarle (age 58) writes that all is safe as to the great ships against any assault, the boom and chaine being so fortified; which put my heart into great joy1. When I come to Sir W: Coventry's chamber, I find him abroad; but his clerk, Powell, do tell me that ill newes is come to Court of the Dutch breaking the Chaine at Chatham, Kent [Map]; which struck me to the heart.

Note 1. There had been correspondence with Pett respecting this chain in April and May. On the 10th May Pett wrote to the Navy Commissioners, "The chain is promised to be dispatched to-morrow, and all things are ready for fixing it". On the 11th June the Dutch "got twenty or twenty-two ships over the narrow part of the river at Chatham, Kent [Map], where ships had been sunk; after two and a half hours' fighting one guard-ship after another was fired and blown up, and the enemy master of the chain" (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, pp. 58, 87, 215).

On 12th June 1675 Charles Emmanuel II Duke of Savoy (age 40) died. His son Victor (age 9) succeeded Duke Savoy.

John Evelyn's Diary. 12th June 1677. I went to London, to give the Lord Ambassador Berkeley (age 75) (now returned from the treaty at Nimeguen) an account of the great trust reposed in me during his absence, I having received and remitted to him no less than £20,000 to my no small trouble and loss of time, that during his absence, and when the Lord Treasurer (age 45) was no great friend [of his] I yet procured him great sums, very often soliciting his Majesty (age 47) in his behalf; looking after the rest of his estates and concerns entirely, without once accepting any kind of acknowledgment, purely upon the request of my dear friend, Mr. Godolphin (age 31). I returned with abundance of thanks and professions from my Lord Berkeley (age 49) and my Lady.

On 12th June 1679 Archdeacon John Lee died. Monument in Rochester Cathedral [Map].

Archdeacon John Lee: In 1660 he was appointed Archdeacon of Rochester.

John Evelyn's Diary. 12th June 1684. I went to advise and give directions about the building two streetes in Berkeley Gardens, reserving the house and as much of the garden as the breadth of the house. In the meanetime I could not but deplore that sweete place (by far the most noble gardens, courts, and accommodations, stately porticos, &c. any where about the towne) should be so much straighten'd and turn'd Into tenements. But that magnificent pile and gardens contiguous to it, built by the late Lord Chancellor Clarendon, being all demolish'd, and design'd for Piazzas and buildings, was some excuse for my Baroness Berkeley's (age 30) resolution of letting out her ground also for so excessive a price as offer'd, advancing neere £1000 per in mere ground-rents; to such a mad intemperance was the age of building about a citty, by far too disproportionate already to the nation I having in my time seene it almost as large again as it was within my memory.

On 12th June 1705 or 15th June 1705 Thomas Davies of Denbigh (age 51) died. He was buried at St Marcella's Church, Denbigh [Map].

Thomas Davies of Denbigh: Around 1654 he was born. Before 12th June 1705 Thomas Davies of Denbigh and

Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 12th June 1718. Mr Samuel Gale (age 35) presented to the Society a print of the Ground Plot and Prospect of Hull by Holler, for which their thanks and ordered to be returned to him.

He likewise brought a letter from the Reverend Dr Knight a Member of the Society containing an account of a large skeleton found near Chippenham, Cambs, with massey [?] chains and fetters, dug up near him and some penates dug up at Devizes.

Mr President (age 57) being obliged to be in the country for the summer season was pleased to propose for Vice-President during his absence, Mr George Holmes (age 56) which was unamimously approved of by the Society.

On 12th June 1735 John Glanville (age 71) died. His nephew John Glanville of Catchfrench (age 39) inherited his estates including Catfrench, St Germans. He was buried at St Germans Priory [Map]. where his memorial has the following inscription:

John Glanvill, descended from an ancient family of Tavistock in the County of Devon, John Glanville, Justice of the Common Bench during the reign of Elizabeth, great-grandson of John Glanvill of Broad Hinton in the County of Wilts, Knight. Servant at Law to Kings Charles I and II, Chief and Speaker of the House of Commons in Parliament, Nephew. Of Lincoln's Inn, formerly a Fellow not unworthy, a skilled jurist and knowledgeable especially in literature, history, and above all, chronology. A bachelor, he shed what is mortal in June 1735, aged 71. John Glanville of Catchfrench in this parish, Esquire, erected this monument in grateful memory of his uncle.

Johannes Glanvill Ab Antiqua familia de Tauystoke in Comitatu Devoniae otiundus Johannes Glanuille justiciarius de Communi Banco regnante Elizabetha pronepos Johannis Glanvill de Broad Hinton in agro Winton' Equitis. Aurati regibus Carlo Frimo et Secundo Servientis ad Legem primarii et Domus Communium m Parliamento Prolocutoris Nepos hospitii Lincolnieilsis Aliquando Socius non indignus juris Consultus sagax et probis rei literariae hiatoriae praecipue et Chronologiae peritua Coelebs quod Mortale est exuit Junii 1735 aetat 71 Johannes Glanville de Catchfrench in hac parochia Armiger in gratam patrui memoriam hoc Monumentum.

John Glanville: Around 1664 he was born to Julius Glanville and Anne Bagnall of St Dunstan-in-the-West. In 1726 John Glanville purchased Catfrench, St Germans.

John Glanville of Catchfrench: In 1696 he was born to Julius Glanville and Martha Corderoy of Morton in Surrey. Before 1727 he and Elizabeth Andrews were married. After 23rd August 1748 he and Mary McNeill were married. In 1769 he died. He was buried at St Germans Priory [Map].

On 12th June 1761 Margaret Coningsby 2nd Countess Coningsby (age 52) died. Earl Coningsbury extinct. She was buried at St Michael's Church, Heydour [Map]. Monument sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack (age 66).

Archaeologia Volume 2 Section XVII. An Account of the Monument [Kit's Coty House [Map]] commonly ascribed to Catigern. By Mr. Colebrooke. Read at the Society of Antiquaries, June 12, 1766.

On 12th June 1786 George Robert "Fighting Fitzgerald" Fitzgerald (age 38) was hanged for conspiracy to murder Patrick Randall McDonnell an attorney who had acted for his father in their legal disputes, and with whom in consequence he had a longstanding feud at Castlebar, County Mayo.

On 12th June 1795 Hugh Williams (age 28) was killed at Grenada, Caribbean. Monument in St Marys and St Nicholas Church Beaumaris [Map].

Hugh Williams: On 20th March 1767 he was born to Hugh Williams 8th Baronet and Emma Bridget Rowlands Viscountess Bulkeley.

On 12th June 1835 William "Kitty" Courtenay 9th Earl Devon (deceased) was buried at Powderham, Devon.

All About History Books

The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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Thomas Bateman 1845. A discovery, made in the month of June, 1845, of a large urn inverted over a deposit of calcined human bones, at the outer edge of a small barrow [Map] upon Harthill Moor, which was undergoing a process of demolition, in order that the land might he brought into cultivation, coupled with a knowledge of the very productive character of that neighbourhood in matters of antiquity led to a successful search for the whole contents of the barrow on the 12th of June. The elevation of the tumulus above the surrounding land was so slight as to be scarcely perceptible; and had it not been for the accidental discovery of the large urn, the other interesting remains would have probably remained in obscurity. But to return to facts: the remains of the large urn and its contents being carefully collected, it was found to be of very coarse material, and singular workmanship, presenting a strong contrast to the remains of two elaborately-ornamented and really elegant urns, which were found on cutting a short distance into the mound, lying amongst a confused stratum of calcined bones. On arriving at the centre of the tumulus, a very large sandstone was perceived, on the south side of the excavation, which was at first supposed to be a rock. Close to the edge of this stone was found an interment of calcined bones, accompanied by two broken incense cups, of novel form and very superior workmanship, and on examining the bones two rude instruments of flint were discovered amongst them. On clearing away the earth from the side of the large stone, the upper edge of one of smaller dimensions was perceived, which proved to be one side of a very perfect cist, measuring from the floor to the under side of the cover three feet from end to end four feet six inches and about three feet in width; the immense stone which formed the cover was about two feet in thickness and about seven feet square on an average. This cist, divested of the surrounding earth, would present to view the erection usually denominated a cromlech. It was found to be almost entirely full of fine and beautifully clear sand, amongst which were large quantities of calcined human bones, some small pieces of an urn, and upon its floor were very evident remains of heath. (A correct view of this cist, as it appeared when opened, forms the vignette in the title-page of "Barrow-digging by a Barrow-knight," 1845.)

On the 14th of June, 1845, at a very short distance from the preceding barrow, another small cist was discovered, at a short distance beneath the surface, measuring two feet in length, about one foot in width, thus forming a perfect parallelogram. It was found to contain a large quantity of human bones, which had undergone cremation, and a few pieces of pottery, one of which formed part of the edge of the large urn which is mentioned in the preceding account as having led to the discovery of the others. No other antiquities were found, although the excavation was continued for a considerable extent in the immediate neighbourhood.

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On 12th June 1878 George V King Hanover (age 59) died. His son Ernest (age 32) succeeded 3rd Duke Cumberland and Teviotdale.

12th June 1918. The Times.

Marriage. Lord St. Germans (age 28) and Lady Blanche Somerset (age 21).

Princess Arthur of Connaught (age 27) and the Marquess (age 31) and Marchioness (age 27) of Carisbrooke were among the large company present yesterday at St. Margaret's [Map], Westminster, for the marriage of the Earl of St. Germans and Lady Blanche Somerset. The bridegroom, who is a captain in the Scots Greys, has served abroad since the beginning of the war, and received the Military Cross in 1916; the bride is the elder daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort.

The church was decorated with palms, variegated maple, and white flowers; and troopers of the bridegroom's regiment, drawn up inside the church, formed a guard of honour between the ranks of which the bridegroom and his best man, the Earl of Leven and Melville (age 27), awaited her.

The wedding dress was of silver tissue over charmeuse, with a train of old Brussels point (given by the bride's mother), lined with silver. The veil, which was lent by the Duchess, was also of fine old lace. No bouquet was carried, nor were any ornaments worn.

In attendance upon the bride were her sister, Lady Diana Somerset (age 19), Miss Betty Harford (her cousin), the Hon. Ivy Somerset (cousin of the bride and the bridegroom), Miss Betty Eliot (cousin of the bridegroom), Lady Morvyth Ward, and Lady Avice Sackville, whose frocks were of pale yellow georgette edged with silver. With these were worn small transparent hats of black lace, and bouquets of yellow tiger lilies were carried. The bridegroom's present to the bridesmaids was a red cornelian and jade pendant.

The music during the time the guests were assembling included a Bach prelude and fugue, and the Bridal Chorus from "Lohengrin"; the anthem "Rejoice in the Lord" was sung during the signing of the register.

There was a small reception afterwards (for relatives and intimate friends) at 11 Portman-square, after which Lord and Lady St. Germans left for Walmer Castle [Map], lent by Earl and Countess Beauchamp for the honeymoon.

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On 12th June 1918 Joseph Edwin Sewell (age 19) died from wounds at Southampton, Hampshire [Map]. He was buried at St Michael's Church, Lamplugh [Map].

Joseph Sewell was born in 1899 at Lamplugh, Cumberland. The second son of iron ore miner William Sewell and his wife Maria (nee Hope) of Bird Dyke, Lamplugh. He enlisted at Workington in 1917. Letters home show that he was stationed at Edinburgh Castle in August 1917. He had served with the Royal Fusiliers.

Births on the 12th June

On 12th June 1573 Robert Radclyffe 5th Earl of Sussex was born to Henry Radclyffe 4th Earl of Sussex (age 41) and Honora Pound Viscountess Fitzwalter.

On 12th June 1653 Maria Amalia of Courland Landgravine Hesse-Kassel was born to Jacob Kettler (age 42) and Louise Charlotte Hohenzollern (age 35). Coefficient of inbreeding 1.63%.

On 12th June 1655 Ernest Saxe Gotha was born to Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha (age 53) and Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha (age 35) at Gotha. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.17%.

On 12th June 1655 Geoffrey Palmer 3rd Baronet was born to Lewis Palmer 2nd Baronet  1630-1713 (age 25) and Jane Palmer Lady Palmer. In 1672 he was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge University [Map].

On 12th June 1715 Anne Hamilton was born to James Hamilton 7th Earl Abercorn (age 29) and Anne Plumer Countess Abercorn (age 25).

On 12th June 1723 Horatio Walpole 1st Earl Orford was born to Horatio Walpole 1st Baron Walpole (age 44) and Mary Magdalen Lombard (age 28).

On 12th June 1757 Elizabeth St Aubyn was born to John St Aubyn 4th Baronet (age 30) and Elizabeth Wingfield Lady St Aubyn

On 12th June 1768 Henry Hoghton 7th Baronet was born to Henry Hoghton 6th Baronet (age 39) and Fanny Booth Lady Hoghton.

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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 12th June 1772 Thomas Baring 2nd Baronet was born to Francis Baring 1st Baronet (age 32) and Harriet Herring Lady Baring (age 22).

On 12th June 1780 Henry Hoppner Meyer was born.

On 12th June 1793 Henry Fitzgerald 21st Baron Ros Helmsley was born to Henry Fitzgerald (age 31) and Charlotte Boyle 20th Baroness Ros of Helmsley (age 24). He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12th June 1804 Herbert Langham was born to James Langham 10th Baronet (age 27) and Elizabeth Burdett Lady Langham.

On 12th June 1806 Edward St Vincent Digby 9th and 3rd Baron Digby was born to Admiral Henry Digby (age 36) and Jane Elizabeth Coke (age 28).

On 12th June 1806 John Yonge Akerman was born.

On 12th June 1807 Charlotte Wentworth-Fitzwilliam was born to Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam 5th and 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam (age 21) and Mary Dundas (age 20). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

On 12th June 1824 Albert-Ernest Carrier-Belleuse was born.

On 12th June 1831 George Shaw-Lefevre 1st Baron Eversley was born to John Shaw-Lefevre (age 34) and Rachel Emily Wright.

On 12th June 1848 John Dalrymple 11th Earl of Stair was born to John Dalrymple 10th Earl of Stair (age 29).

On 12th June 1863 Bertram Mackennal was born.

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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 12th June 1897 Mary Cambridge Duchess Beaufort was born to Adolphus Cambridge Duke Teck (age 28) and Margaret Evelyn Grosvenor Duchess Teck (age 24). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 12th June 1912 John Pelham 8th Earl of Chichester was born to Jocelyn Pelham 6th Earl Chichester (age 41) and Ruth Buxton Countess Chichester.

On 12th June 1913 Anne Pamela Bridgeman Viscountess Cowdray was born to Orlando Bridgeman 5th Earl Bradford (age 39) and Margaret Cecilia Bruce Countess Bradford (age 30).

On 12th June 1946 Richard Wellesley 6th Earl Cowley was born to Denis Wellesley 5th Earl Cowley (age 25).

Marriages on the 12th June

On 12th June 1376 William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 38) and Isabella Beauchamp Countess Suffolk were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. She the daughter of Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 63) and Katherine Mortimer Countess Warwick. He the son of Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk and Margaret Norwich Countess Suffolk.

On 12th June 1415 Alfonso V King Aragon (age 19) and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Aragon (age 13) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Aragon. She the daughter of Henry III King Castile and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile (age 42). He the son of Ferdinand I King Aragon (age 34) and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon (age 41). They were first cousins. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 12th June 1617 Edward Corbet 1st Baronet and Margaret Waties were married at St Mary the Virgin Church, Bromfield.

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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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On 12th June 1739 Alan Mason Viscount Grandison and Elizabeth Fitzgerald Villiers 1st Countess Grandison were married. She the daughter of John Fitzgerald Villiers 1st Earl Grandison (age 55) and Frances Carey.

On 12th June 1788 George Barrington 5th Viscount Barrington (age 26) and Elizabeth Adair Viscountess Barrington (age 19) were married.

On 12th June 1841 William Brodie (age 26) and Helen Chisholm (age 24) were married at Old Machar, Aberdeen.

On 12th June 1888 Julius Charles Wernher 1st Baronet (age 38) and Alice Mankiewicz Baroness Ludlow were married.

On 12th June 1890 Charles Marsham 5th Earl Romney (age 25) and Anne Louisa Scott Countess of Romney (age 22) were married. He the son of Charles Marsham 4th Earl Romney (age 49) and Frances Augusta Constance Muir Rawdon-Hastings Countess Romney (age 46).

On 12th June 1902 Philip Sidney 3rd Baron De Lisle and Dudley (age 49) and Elizabeth Maria Prendergast Vereker (age 40) were married.

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The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 12th June 1928 John Carew Pole 12th Baronet (age 26) and Cynthia Mary Burns Lady Pole (age 20) were married. She by marriage Lady Pole of Shute House in Devon. They were fifth cousin once removed.

On 12th June 1930 Robert Bridgeman 2nd Viscount Bridgeman (age 34) and Mary Kathleen Lane-Fox Viscountess Bridgeman (age 24) were married.

On 12th June 1946 Ralph Alured Newman 5th Baronet (age 44) and Ann Rosemary Hope-Morley (age 29) were married.

Deaths on the 12th June

On 12th June 898 Æthelhelm Earldorman Wiltshire died.

On 12th June 991 Charles Carolingian Duke Lower Lorraine (age 38) died.

On 12th June 1020 Archbishop Ælfstan aka Lyfing died. He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral [Map].

On 12th June 1152 Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria (age 38) died. His half brother Simon (age 54) succeeded 4th Earl Huntingdon, 4th Earl of Northampton. His son Malcolm (age 11) succeeded 2nd Earl of Northumbria.

On 12th June 1153 Roger Beaumont 2nd Earl Warwick (age 51) died. His son William (age 13) succeeded 3rd Earl Warwick.

On 12th June 1294 John Brienne I Count of Eu (age 48) died. His son John succeeded II Count Eu.

On 12th June 1403 Agnes Poynings Baroness Bardolf died.

On 12th June 1418 Bernard VII Count Armagnac (age 55) died. His son John (age 21) succeeded IV Count Armagnac. Blanche Montfort Countess Armagnac (age 21) by marriage Countess Armagnac.

On 9th May 1435 a French force commanded by Étienne Vignolles "La Hire" heavily defeated an English force commanded by John Fitzalan 7th or 14th Earl of Arundel (age 27) at the Battle of Gerberoy.

On 12th June 1435 John Fitzalan 7th or 14th Earl of Arundel was captured and died from wounds received at the battle. His son Humphrey (age 6) succeeded 8th ot 15th Earl Arundel, 5th Baron Maltravers, 5th Baron Arundel.

Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 30) fought.

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The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 12th June 1545 Francis Lorraine I Duke Lorraine (age 27) died. His son Charles (age 2) succeeded III Duke Lorraine.

On 12th June 1567 Richard Rich 1st Baron Rich (age 70) died at Rochford, Essex. His son Robert (age 30) succeeded 2nd Baron Rich of Leez. Elizabeth Baldry Baroness Rich Leez (age 29) by marriage Baroness Rich of Leez.

On 12th June 1574 Renée of France Duchess of Ferrara (age 63) died.

On 12th June 1585 Elizabeth Stanley Baroness Marshal Morley (age 27) died.

On 12th June 1629 William Villiers 1st Baronet (age 63) died. His son George (age 9) succeeded 2nd Baronet Villiers of Brooksby in Leicestershire.

On 12th June 1639 Thomas Erskine 1st Earl Kellie (age 73) died. His grandson Thomas succeeded 2nd Earl Kellie.

On 12th June 1653 Frances Cecil Countess Isle Thanet (age 72) died.

On 12th June 1661 Henry Carey 2nd Earl Monmouth (age 65) died at Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire. Earl Monmouth extinct.

On 12th June 1675 Charles Emmanuel II Duke of Savoy (age 40) died. His son Victor (age 9) succeeded Duke Savoy.

On 12th June 1679 Archdeacon John Lee died. Monument in Rochester Cathedral [Map].

Archdeacon John Lee: In 1660 he was appointed Archdeacon of Rochester.

On 12th June 1708 Elizabeth Cecil Countess Cork (age 16) died.

On 12th June 1709 John Buckworth 1st Baronet (age 46) died. He was buried at St Peter le Poer Church, Broad Street. His son John (age 5) succeeded 2nd Baronet Buckworth of Sheen in Surrey.

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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 12th June 1715 Thomas Cotton 2nd Baronet (age 43) died. His son Robert (age 20) succeeded 3rd Baronet Cotton of Combermere in Cheshire.

On 12th June 1734 James Fitzjames 1st Duke Berwick (age 63) died. His son James (age 37) succeeded 2nd Duke Berwick. Catalina Ventura Colón Duchess Berwick 9th Duchess Veragua (age 43) by marriage Duchess Berwick.

On 12th June 1751 Anne Bulkeley Duchess Berwick died.

On 12th June 1756 James Worsley 5th Baronet (age 84) died. His son Thomas (age 30) succeeded 6th Baronet Worsley of Appuldurcombe.

On 12th June 1761 Margaret Coningsby 2nd Countess Coningsby (age 52) died. Earl Coningsbury extinct. She was buried at St Michael's Church, Heydour [Map]. Monument sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack (age 66).

On 12th June 1768 Elizabeth Colyear Duchess Dorset (age 79) died.

On 12th June 1789 Jean Etienne Liotard (age 86) died.

On 12th June 1799 Other Windsor 5th Earl Plymouth (age 48) died. His son Other (age 9) succeeded 6th Earl Plymouth, 12th Baron Windsor of Stanwell in Buckinghamshire.

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The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 12th June 1848 Mary Montgomerie Lady Lamb (age 61) died.

On 12th June 1849 Henry Tufton 11th Earl of Thanet (age 74) died unmarried. Earl of Thanet, Baron Tufton and Baronet Tufton of Hothfield extinct.

On 12th June 1867 Wilfrid Wybergh aka Lawson 1st Baronet (age 71) died at Brayton Hall, Aspatria. His son Wilfrid (age 37) succeeded 2nd Baronet Lawson of Brayton House in Cumberland.

On 12th June 1878 George V King Hanover (age 59) died. His son Ernest (age 32) succeeded 3rd Duke Cumberland and Teviotdale.

On 12th June 1896 Algernon George Evans 9th Baron Carbery (age 27) died. His son John (age 4) succeeded 10th Baron Carbery.

On 12th June 1899 James Walker 2nd Baronet (age 69) died. His son James (age 34) succeeded 3rd Baronet Walker of Sand Hutton in Yorkshire.

On 12th June 1913 Fitzherbert Edward Stafford-Jerningham 11th Baron Stafford (age 79) died. His nephew Francis (age 53) succeeded 12th Baron Stafford. His second cousin once removed William (age 46) succeeded 11th Baronet Jerningham of Cossey.

On 12th June 1950 James Edward Harris 5th Earl Malmesbury (age 77) died. His son William (age 42) succeeded 6th Earl Malmesbury, 6th Viscount Fitz-Harris of Hurn Court in Hampshire, 6th Baron Malmesbury. Diana Claudia Carleton Countess of Malmesbury (age 37) by marriage Countess Malmesbury.

On 12th June 1991 Alexander Baring 6th Baron Ashburton (age 93) died. His son John (age 62) succeeded 7th Baron Ashburton of Ashburton in Devon.

On 12th June 2021 Robert Edgcumbe 8th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe (age 82) died. His brother Christopher (age 71) succeeded 9th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, 10th Baron Edgcumbe.