On this Day in History ... 14th April

On 14th April 1471 Edward IV (age 28) commanded at the Battle of Barnet supported by his brothers George (age 21) and Richard (age 18), John Babington (age 48), Wiliam Hastings (age 40) (commanded), Ralph Hastings, William Norreys (age 30), William Parr (age 37), John Savage (age 49), William Bourchier Viscount Bourchier (age 41), Thomas St Leger (age 31), John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet (age 45), Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough (age 40), John Scott (age 48) and Thomas Strickland.

The Yorkists William Blount (age 29), Humphrey Bourchier (age 36), Henry Stafford (age 46) and Thomas Parr were killed.

Humphrey Bourchier 1st Baron Cromwell (age 40), was killed. Baron Cromwell extinct.

The Lancastrians ...

Warwick the Kingmaker (age 42) was killed. Earl Salisbury, Baron Montagu and Baron Montagu forfeit on the assumption he was attainted either before or after his death; the date of his attainder is unknown. If not attainted the titles may have been abeyant between his two daughters Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 19) and Anne Neville Queen Consort England (age 14).

John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 40) was killed. Marquess Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit; unclear as to when he was attainted. He was buried at Bisham Abbey [Map].

William Tyrrell was killed.

William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele (age 43) was killed. His son Henry (age 25) succeeded 3rd Baron Saye and Sele. Anne Harcourt Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.

Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 40) commanded the left flank, was badly wounded and left for dead, Henry Stafford and John Paston (age 27) were wounded, John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 28) commanded, and John Paston (age 29) and William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 33) fought.

Robert Harleston (age 36) was killed.

Thomas Hen Salusbury (age 62) was killed.

Thomas Tresham (age 51) escaped but was subsequently captured and executed on the 6th of May 1471.

Chronicle of Jean de Waurin. [14th April 1471] The next morning, as the day began to break, the King rode through his army, giving courage to his men, reminding them that, as he had a just cause and a true quarrel, he proposed, God willing, to fight his enemies. Then, around five or six in the morning, despite the great noise at that time, he entrusted and placed his cause in the will of Almighty God, advancing, unfurling his banners, and sounding his trumpets.

The archers of the King's battle began to shoot arrows powerfully, and soon they engaged hand-to-hand combat where their enemies courageously met them. It was a cruel and deadly battle, where many brave men were killed and wounded. At the onset, the forces of Warwick defended themselves valiantly, causing great disorder and casualties at one end of the King's battle, leading some to flee, with some even reaching London, causing great disturbance in the city. However, the rest of the battle, where the valiant king was, remained steadfast, as nothing of this unfortunate event was apparent due to the hindrance caused by the noise.

News that King Edward and his entire army had been defeated was falsely spread throughout the surrounding country. But, as it pleased God, it was quite the opposite, as you will hear. Great feats of arms were performed by the King's party, especially by his own person, for he, being valiant, courageous, and bold, placed himself in the midst and in the thickest of the melee, where no one stood before him without being brought down to the ground; also, with great chivalry, fought the Dukes of Clarence and Gloucester, brothers of the King, as did the Earl Rivers, the Lord Hastings, and several other valiant men, servants, and good friends of King Edward.

From the adverse party, the Lord Montagu, brother to the Earl of Warwick, also performed wonders, cutting down heads and arms and everything he encountered. But, despite his knightly courage and great boldness, he was finally brought down to the ground and mortally wounded. Upon learning of this, the Earl of Warwick, his brother, was greatly angered and terrified, as one who had lost all courage, indeed almost confused and defeated.

But in the end of the cruel battle, victory remained with King Edward, who routed all the rebels, where the Earl of Warwick was slain. Many knights and noble men from his side were also killed, whose names I do not know. The Duke of Exeter, siding with Warwick, was also brought down to the ground, severely wounded and thought to be dead, among the many who were killed, not knowing that it was he. The Earl of Oxford, fleeing, fell in with some fugitives from the North, with whom he made his way towards Scotland. This battle, in which victory, by the will of God, the merit of the glorious saints, and through the true cause, remained with King Edward, lasted for the space of four hours. His enemies numbered more than thirty thousand, as was truly known, against nine thousand, no more.

Le demain au matin le roy, voiant le jour crever et poindre, chevaulcha parmy son ost, donnant corage a ses gens, en leur remoustrant que, comme il avoit bon droit et vraye querelle, proposoit, au Dieu plaisir, combattre ses annemis; puis quant ce vint entre chincq et six heures, non obstant la grande bruyne que pour lors il faisoit, recommanda et mist sa querelle en la voullente de Dieu tout puissant, soy advanchant, desploiant ses bannieres et faisant sonner ses trompettes.

La commencerent les archiers de la bataille du roy a tyrer sajettes puissamment, puis tantost se joindirent main a main ou leurs annemis les recheurent courageusement; si fut la, bataille moult cruele et mortele, ou furent maint vaillant homme mort et navre, car de commencement se deffendoient vaillamment les Warewicz, telement que sur lun des boutz de la bataille du roy firent grant destourse et occision, parquoy aulcuns de cest endroit prindrent la fuite, dont les aulcuns fuyrent jusques a Londres, si en fut la cite fort esmeute; mais neantmoins le residu de la bataille, ou le vaillant roy estoit, qui riens navoient aparcheu de la dite malle adventure par lempeschement de la dite bruyne, se maintinclrent moult hardiement.

Par la descomfiture devant declaree sespardirent nouvelles parmy tout le pays denviron que le roy Edouard et tout son ost estoient descomfis, mais, comme il pleut a Dieu, il en fut tout autrement, comme vous orez. La furent faites de grans apartises darmes de la partie du roy, especialement de sa personne, car comme vaillant, corageux et hardy se mist au millieu et au plus fort de la meslee ou nul narrestoit devant luy quil ne feust abattu a terre; moult chevallereusement aussi si porterent les ducz de Clarence et de Clocestre, freres du roy, si firent le comte de Riviere, le seigneur de Hastingues et plusieurs autres vaillans hommes, serviteurs et bons amis du roy Edouard.

De ladverse partie faisoit aussi merveilles le seigneur de Montagu, marquis, frere au comte de Warewic, en destrenchant testes et bracz et tout ce quil encontroit; mais, non obstant son chevallereux corage et grant hardiesse, il fut en fin abattu par terre et navre a mort; de laquele chose le comte de Warewic, son frere, adcertene, fut moult courouchie et effrae, comme cellui qui nul courage en luy navoit, voires presques confus et descomfy.

Mais en fin de la bataille cruele demoura la victore au roy Edouard, quy tourna tous les rebelles en fuite, ou fut occis ledit comte de Warewic, aussi furent plusieurs chevalliers et nobles hommes de sa partie, desquelz je ne scay les noms. Aussi fut abattu par terre le duc dExcestre, tenant le parti de Warewic, moult fort navre et tenu pour mort avec les occis qui en grant nombre estoient, non congnoissant que ce feust il. Le comte de Oxemfort en fuiant enchey en la compaignie daulcuns fugitifz du North, avec lesquelz il tyra vers Escoce. Ceste bataille, dont la victore, par la voullente de Dieu, le merite des glorieuz sains, et moiennant la vraye querelle, demoura au roy Edouard, dura par lespace de quatre heures, et y estoient ses annemis plus de trente mille, comme il fut sceu de vray, contre neuf mille; non plus nen avoit.

Warkworth's Chronicle. 14th April 1471. But it happenede that he withe his oste were enterede into the toune of Barnet, before the Earl of Warwick (age 42) and his host. And so the Earl of Warwick and his host lay witheoute the towne alle nyght, and eche of them loosede gonnes at othere, alle the nyght. And on Ester day in the mornynge, the xiiij. day of Apryl, ryght erly, eche of them came uppone othere; and ther was suche a grete myste, that nether of them might see othere perfitely; ther they faughte, from iiij. of clokke in the mornynge unto x. of clokke the fore-none. And dyverse times the Earl of Warwick party hade the victory, and supposede that they hade wonne the felde. But it hapenede so, that the Earl of Oxenfordes men hade uppon them ther lordes lyvery, bothe before and behynde, which was a sterre withe stremys, wiche [was] myche lyke Kynge Edwardes lyvery, the sunne with stremys¹; and the myste was so thycke, that a manne mighte not profytely juge one thynge from anothere; so the Earl of Warwikes menne schott and faughte ayens the Earl of Oxenfordes menne, wetynge and supposynge that they hade bene Kynge Edwardes menne; and anone the Earl of Oxenforde and his menne cryed " treasoune! treasoune! " and fledde awaye from the felde withe viij. c. menne. The Lorde Markes Montagu (age 40) was agreyde and apoyntede with Kynge Edwarde, and put uppone hym Kynge Edwardes lyvery; and a manne of the Earls of Warwick sawe that, and felle uppone him, and kyllede hym. And whenne the Earl of Warwick sawe his brothere dede, and the Earl of Oxenforde fledde, he lepte one horse-backe, and flede to a wode by the felde of Barnett, where was no waye forthe; and one of Kynge Edwardes menne hade espyede him, and one came uppone hym and kylled hym, and dispolede him nakede. And so Kynge Edwarde gate that felde.

And ther was slayne² of the Earl of Warwicks party, the Earl hym self, Markes Montagu, Sere William Tyrelle, knyghte, and many other. The Duke of Excetre (age 40) faugth manly ther that day, and was gretely despolede and woundede, and lefte nakede for dede in the felde, and so lay ther from vij. of clokke tille iiij. after none; whiche was take up and brought to a house by a manne of his owne; and a leche brought to hym, and so afterwarde brought in to sancuarij at Westmynster.

And one Kynge Edwardes party was slayne the Lorde Crowmwelle (age 40), sonne and heyre to the Earl of Essex (age 67), Lord Barnes (age 55) sonne and heyre (age 36)³, Lorde Say (age 43)⁴, and dyverse other, to the nombre (of bothe partys) iiij. M^l menne. And, after that the felde was don, Kynge Edwarde commaundyd bothe the Earl of Warwikes body and the Lord Markes body to be putt in a carte, and returned hym with alle his oste ageyne to Londone; and there commaundede the seide ij. bodyes to be layede in the chyrche of Paulis, one the pavement, that every manne mighte see them; and so they lay iij. or iiij. days, and afterwarde where buryede. And Kynge Herry, beynge in the forwarde durynge the bataylle, was not hurt; but he was broughte ageyne to the Toure of Londone, ther to be kept.

Note 1. The sunne with stremys. The crest of the Kynaston coat is supposed to have been assumed from this time, and in allusion to this event.

Note 2. And ther was slayne. A very comprehensive list is given in MS. Arundel, Mus. Brit. 28, fol. 25, vº. The brass matrix of the seal of the Earl of Warwick, taken from him when he was slain, is in the British Museum; an impression may be seen among the charters, xxxiv. 33.

Note 3. Lord Barnes sonne and heyre. Sir Humphrey Bourchier. His gravestone remains in Westminster Abbey, denuded of his figure in brass plate, but retaining an epitaph of fourteen Latin hexameters, commemorative of his prowess and the scene of his death. They commence:

Hic pugil ecce jacens, Bernett fera bella cupiscens, [Here lies a fighter, Bernett, desiring fierce wars]

Certat ut Eacides, &c. &c. [Striving like Achilles.]

See engravings in Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, vol. II. pl. LXXXVI; Harding's Antiquities in Westminster Abbey, pl. VIII. It may be remarked that the word in the eighth line read parvulus by Gough, &c. is really pimulus, i. e. primulus, used instead of primus for the sake of the metre. - J.G.N.

Note 4. Lord Say. This nobleman [William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele] was formerly on the Lancastrian side, but received Edward's pardon on the 5th of May, 1462; Chart. Antiq. Mus. Brit. VIII. 13.

Hanserecesse Volume 6. 14th April 1471. In the early morning at daybreak, around 4 o'clock, both sides engaged, but a very thick fog descended, as it did also in London, so dense that no one could clearly see the other. Eventually, the cannon on King Edward's side overpowered Warwick's artillery, and Edward's men fought so bravely that it was astonishing—they fired so many arrows that more than 10,000 were broken and lay scattered on the ground. They fought so fiercely that around 3,000 of Edward's troops fled from the rear, although due to the fog, neither side realized this. Edward's men managed to capture about 7,000 horses, and King Henry VI, who had been with the Lancastrian forces, was spirited away and brought halfway between Barnet and St. Albans. But Edward's troops pursued them and, as it is said, recaptured Henry. At last, around 8 o'clock on Easter Day, King Edward won the field, and Warwick and his brother the Marquess of Montagu were both slain, along with many knights and noblemen. On Edward's side, Lord Cromwell (one of Essex's sons), Lord Saye, and Lord Barnes' son and heir, as well as many other knights and nobles, were also killed. Altogether, on both sides, around 1,500 men were slain—God have mercy on their souls. And many more were seriously wounded, mostly in the face and lower body, leaving a very pitiful sight—God make it better.

Also, the Duke of Exeter was seriously wounded, but still managed to slip away. Also, the Earl of Oxford, along with his two brothers and Lord Beaumont, fled. The Duke of Gloucester and Lord Scales were also wounded, but — thank God — not severely. Also, it was reported that Warwick's side had about 3,000 or 4,000 more troops than King Edward's. Also, in the early hours of Easter Sunday, at a time when every good Christian ought to be at prayer, a rumor reached London that Warwick had won the battle, that King Edward had been captured, and that Clarence and Gloucester were dead, etc. This caused many to grieve, while others rejoiced — so that some ruffians in London became emboldened and began looting, which terrified the entire German community, understandably so. But at last, the true news arrived, as previously mentioned: that King Edward had won the battle. And that same Easter Sunday afternoon, King Edward returned to London, bringing King Henry with him, accompanied by his troops. Those who returned with healthy horses and unscathed bodies were fortunate — many others came home deceitfully bandaged, with mutilated faces, missing noses, and wounded limbs. God have mercy on such miserable sights. Everyone says that in 100 years, there had not been a fiercer battle in England than that which took place on Easter Sunday, as has been described. May God henceforth grant us His eternal peace.

Des morgens in der dagerate umbtrynt 4 oren, so hant sii mallich anderen vernomen, doch so is dar eyn sere duyster nevel gecommen, und was ouch in London, dat eyn den anderen nyet wale en hefft konnen gesien. Tom lesten hebben de loitbussen an konyng Edwardes siide Warwick de ordinancie affzewonnen und hebben sich de anderen so manlich gewert, dat it wonder was myt erem geschotte, dat in gantzer warheit ove[r]? 10000 arouwes® zobrochen noch dar ligen, und sich so manlich gewert, dat umbtrynt 3000 van konyng Edwardes volck achter aff flouwen, wilcht doch geyn van beiden partien umb des nevels willen en hefit konnen gemyrcken, und hebben konyng Edwardes volcke genomen gewest wale bii 7000 perden, und konyng Henrich ewech gestollen und bis halff wech tuschen Barnet und sent Albans bracht, dar konyng Edwardes volck doch nagejaget han und hebben Henrich wederkregen, as men segt. Tom lesten so hefft circa 8 oren up den paischdach® konyng Edwart dat velt gewonnen, und Warwick und marcus Montagw, synen broder, beide erslagen myt vele ridderen und edelingen; und an konyng Edwardes siiden is erslazen de lord Kromwel, und was eyn van Essex sonen, item de lord Saye, item de lord Barnes son und eyer und vele anderen ryddere und edelinge, sodat to beiden siiden umbtrynt 1500 man doet bleven sin, Got hebbe de selen. Und myt allen sere vele volckes gewont und meystpart int angesicht und int fundament, eyn sere bermlich gesichte, Got besser it.

Item und is Excester sere gewondet und doch ewech gestollen, item de greve van Oxenford myt synen zwen broderen und lord Beamont syn gefluwen; de herzoch van Glocester und lord Scales syn got gewondet, mer en schadet in, glofft sii Got, nyet. Item und is an Warwicks siide wale bii 3 off 4000 volckes mer gewest, dan an konyng Edwardes siide. Item des morgens in der metten up paischdach, als eyn elck goet kerstenmensche sich myt Gode bekommeren soulde, so qwam de tiidonge in London, dat Warwick tvelt gewonnen hedde, und dat konyng Edward gefangen, Clarens und Glocester doet weren etc. Dar was mannich bedroufft und mencher ervreuwet inne, so dat etzliche boyffen sich vermanden in London und hegonsten to rouffen, darvan alle Dutsche nacie wale verferet syn mochte und was. Doch zom lesten qwam de warafftige tiidonge, as vurscreven is, dat konyng Edward dat velt gewonnen hedde, und des namyddages up paischdach qwam konyng Edward und brachte konyng Henrich myt to huys myt syme volcke. Dwilcke de gode perde und gesund liiff uysbrachten, brachten qwade guyle und gelapde ansichter sonder nasen ete. und gewonde lyber to huys, Got erbarm it des ellendigen sichtes, want alle man segget, dat in 100 jeren nye scharper battaille in Englant gewest en is dan up den goden paischdach lestleden, as vurscreven is, Got verlene uns vortan synen ewigen freden.

Anchiennes Chroniques d'Engleterre Supporting Documents X. 14th April 1471. And so, on Easter Day, very early in the morning, the said Warwick and the others named above, having between 20,000 and 24,000 men and knowing of the arrival of my said lord and brother, joined battle in the field. There was such heavy mist that they found themselves so close to each other in a field that, before they could be fully drawn up in formation, they struck at one another. The bodyguard archers of my said lord and brother, and those who had formerly been garrisoned at Calais—whom Warwick had expelled—numbering 800 to 900, swore not to flee the field but to fight to the death, and they fought valiantly. The battle began at 8 o'clock in the morning and lasted until at least 10 o'clock, perhaps longer. My said lord and brother conducted himself so honorably that, although at the start his face had been turned toward the village from which Warwick had come, ten miles from London, called Barnet, he ended the battle with his back to that same village. Many were killed, although the number is still not known, but few on the side of my said lord and brother. Warwick's brother, the Marquis of Montagu, was killed there; and Warwick himself, seeing this and sensing that he was losing, mounted a horse, thinking to escape. But as he was fleeing, he was overtaken by a man who seized him, and as he was being brought back, some recognized him and killed him. My said lord and brother, when told of his capture, rushed to him, hoping to save him, but found him dead, and greatly mourned him. The Dukes of Exeter and Somerset and the Earl of Oxford fled.

Et ainsi que le jour de Pasques, bien matin, le dit Warwicque et autres dessusnommés, aiant bien de XX à XXIIII^m, et sachant la venue de mon dit seigneur et frere, se joindirent aux champs: il faisoit si grant bruynne qu'ilz se trouverrent si prez les ungs des autres en un champ que, avant qu'ilz peussent estre du tout mis en ordonnence, iz frappèrent les ungs sur les autres. Et s'estoient assemblés les archiers de corps de mon dit seigneur et frere, et ceulx qui soloient estre en garnison à Callaix, que Warwicq a fait bouter hors, de VIII à IX cent, qui firent sarement de non fuir du camp, mais combatre jusques à la mort, lesquelx s'i portèrent vaillamment. Et finablement commencherent a VIII heures du matin, et dura la bataille jusques à X heures ou plus; et jusques tant mon dit seigneur et frère se porta si honnestement que, là où il avoit le visage vers!e viiage où Warwicque estoit parti, qui est à dix mil de Londres, nommet Vernet, il se trouva le dos en le fin contre icelui village. Et furent pluiseurs tués, et l'on ne set pas encore le nombre; mais peu du costé de mon dit seigneur et frère. Et illec fu tués le frère de Warwicq, marquis de Montagu; et iceluy Warwicq, ce veant, et sentant qu'il avoit le pire, monta sus ung cheval, soy cuidant sauver; et ainsi qu'il s'en aloit, fu ratains d'ung homme qui le print, et comme il le remenoit, aucuns le congneurent et le tuèrent. Mon dit seigneur et frère, de sa prinse adverti, acourut vers lui, le cuidant sauver; mais il le trouva mort, dont il fist grant regret. Et lesdits ducs d'Excester et Sombresset et conte de Douchefort s'enfuirent.

Memoirs of Philip de Commines Book 3 Chapter VII. 14th April 1471. He stayed but two days in the town, for on Easter-eve he marched with all the forces he could collect to give the Earl of Warwick battle: the next day, being Easterday, they met¹, and as they were drawn up, and stood in order of battle one against the other, the Duke of Clarence went over to his brother King Edward, and carried with him near 12,000 men, which was a great discouragement to the Earl of Warwick, and a mighty strengthening to King Edward, who before was but weak.

You have already heard how the negotiation with the Duke of Clarence was managed; yet, for all this, the battle was sharp and bloody: both sides fought on foot; and the king's vanguard suffered extremely in this action, and the earls main battle advanced against his, and so near, that the king himself was engaged in person, and behaved himself as bravely as any man in either army. The Earl of Warwick's custom was never to fight on foot, but when he had once led his men to the charge, he mounted on horseback himself, and if he found victory inclined to his side, he charged boldly among them; if otherwise, he took care of himself in time, and provided for his escape. But now at the importunity of his brother, the Marquis of Montague (who was a person of great courage), he fought on foot, and sent away his horses. The conclusion of all was, that the earl, the Marquis of Montague, and many other brave officers, were killed, for the slaughter was very great. King Edward had resolved, at his departure from Flanders, to call out no more to spare the common soldiers, and kill only the gentlemen, as he had formerly done; for he had conceived a mortal hatred against the commons of England, for having favoured the Earl of Warwick so much, and for other reasons besides, so that he spared none of them at that time. This battle was bravely fought, and on the king's side there were killed 1500 men.

Note 1. The battle was fought upon a plain near Barnet, between London and St. Albans, known by the name of Gladsmore Heath,

History of the Arrival of Edward IV Part 3. 14th April 1471. On the morow, betymes, The Kynge, undarstandinge that the day approched nere, betwyxt four and five of the cloke, nawithstandynge there was a greate myste³³ and letted the syght of eithar othar, yet he commytted his cawse and qwarell to Allmyghty God, avancyd bannars, dyd blowe up trumpets, and set upon them, firste with shotte, and, than and sone, they³⁴ joyned and came to hand-strokes, wherein his enemies manly and coragiously receyved them, as well in shotte as in hand-stroks, whan they ioyned; whiche ioynynge of theyr bothe batteyls was nat directly frount to frount, as they so shulde have ioyned ne had be the myste, whiche suffred neythar party to se othar, but for a litle space, and that of lyklyhod cawsed the bataile to be the more crewell and mortall; for, so it was, that the one ende of theyr batayle ovarrechyd th'end of the Kyngs battayle, and so, at that end, they were myche myghtyar than was the Kyngs bataile at the same [end] that ioyned with them, whiche was the west ende, and, therefore, upon that party of the Kyngs battayle, they had a gretar distres upon the Kyngs party, wherefore many flede towards Barnet, and so forthe to London, or evar they lafte; and they fell in the chace of them, and dyd moche harme. But the other parties, and the residewe of neithar bataile, might se that distrese, ne the fleinge, ne the chace, by cawse of [the] great myste that was, whiche wolde nat suffre no man to se but a litle from hym; and so the Kyngs battayle, which saw none of all that, was therby in nothing discoragyd, for, save only a fewe that were nere unto them, no man wiste thereof; also the othar party by the same distres, flyght or chace, were therefore nevar the gretlyar coragyd. And, in lykewise, at the est end, the Kyngs batayle, whan they cam to ioyninge, ovarrechyd theyr batayle, and so distresyd them theyr gretly, and soo drwe nere towards the Kynge, who was abowt the myddest of the battayle, and susteygned all the myght and weight thereof. Netheles upon the same litle distresse at the west end anon ranne to Westmynstar, and to London, and so forthe furthar to othar contries, that the Kynge was distressed, and his fielde loste, but, the lawde be to Almyghty God! it was otharwyse; for the Kynge, trusing verely in God's helpe, owr blessyd ladyes, and Seynt George, toke to hym great haries and corage for to supprese the falcehode of all them that so falcely and so traytorowsly had conspired agaynst hym, wherethrwghe, with the faythefull, wellbelovyd, and myghty assystaunce of his felawshipe, that in great nombar deseveryd nat from his parson, and were as well asswred unto hym, as to them was possyble, he mannly, vigorowsly, and valliantly assayled them, in the mydst and strongest of theyr battaile, where he, with great violence, bett and bare down afore hym all that stode in hys way, and, than, turned to the range, first on that one hand, and than on that othar hand, in lengthe, and so bet and bare them downe, so that nothing myght stande in the syght of hym and the welle asswred felowshipe that attendyd trewly upon hym; so that, blessed be God! he wan the filde there, the perfite victory remayned unto hym, and to his rebells the discomfiture of xxx^m men, s they nombrid them selves.

Note 33. there was a great miste. -- Fabyan writes in the following very prudent manner respecting this mist. "Of the mystes and other impedimentes which fell upon the lordes partye by reason of the incantacyons wrought by fryer Bungey, as the fame went, me lyst nat to wryte." (P.661)

Note 34. sone they, sone ther, in MS.

On 14th April 1471 Edward IV (age 28) commanded at the Battle of Barnet supported by his brothers George (age 21) and Richard (age 18), John Babington (age 48), Wiliam Hastings (age 40) (commanded), Ralph Hastings, William Norreys (age 30), William Parr (age 37), John Savage (age 49), William Bourchier Viscount Bourchier (age 41), Thomas St Leger (age 31), John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet (age 45), Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough (age 40), John Scott (age 48) and Thomas Strickland.

The Yorkists William Blount (age 29), Humphrey Bourchier (age 36), Henry Stafford (age 46) and Thomas Parr were killed.

Humphrey Bourchier 1st Baron Cromwell (age 40), was killed. Baron Cromwell extinct.

The Lancastrians ...

Warwick the Kingmaker (age 42) was killed. Earl Salisbury, Baron Montagu and Baron Montagu forfeit on the assumption he was attainted either before or after his death; the date of his attainder is unknown. If not attainted the titles may have been abeyant between his two daughters Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 19) and Anne Neville Queen Consort England (age 14).

John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 40) was killed. Marquess Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit; unclear as to when he was attainted. He was buried at Bisham Abbey [Map].

William Tyrrell was killed.

William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele (age 43) was killed. His son Henry (age 25) succeeded 3rd Baron Saye and Sele. Anne Harcourt Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.

Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 40) commanded the left flank, was badly wounded and left for dead, Henry Stafford and John Paston (age 27) were wounded, John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 28) commanded, and John Paston (age 29) and William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 33) fought.

Robert Harleston (age 36) was killed.

Thomas Hen Salusbury (age 62) was killed.

Thomas Tresham (age 51) escaped but was subsequently captured and executed on the 6th of May 1471.