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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
17 Feb is in February.
1461 Second Battle of St Albans
1536 Funeral of Catherine of Aragon
1563 Talbot Herbert Double Wedding
Events on the 17th February
John of Worcester. 17th February 1070. By the advice of William (age 50), earl of Hereford, and some others, king William (age 42), during Lent [17th February], caused all the monasteries of England to be searched, and the money deposited in them by the richer sort of the English, for security against his violence and rapacity, to be seized and carried to his own treasury.
Close Rolls Edward II 1307-1313. 24th January 1308 King Edward II of England (age 23). Canterbury, Kent [Map]. To the Sheriffs of London. Order to deliver John de la Dune, Roger de Hopton, Richard le Harpour, Roger de Soppewalle, Roger le Keu, Rober le Hunt, Thomas de Sydenham, Henry le Gardener, Thomas de la More, Philip Kemp, John le Wayt, and John le Wodeward, the men and servants of Adam de Kyngeshemede, in the King's prison of Newgate [Map] for a trespass committed by them upon the King's men at Westminster [Map], from prison upon their finding sufficient mainpernor's to have them before the King or his Lieutenant in the quinzaine of the Purification of St Mary to stand to right concerning the said trespass. Witness: Piers Gaveston 1st Earl Cornwall (age 24).
On 14th February 1400 (exact date not known) King Richard II (age 33) died at Pontefract Castle [Map] where he had been imprisoned three months before; possibly murdered, possibly starved to death. His death was a consequence of the Epiphany Rising; he was still considered a threat.
Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl March 7th Earl of Ulster (age 8) de jure Heir to the Throne of England since he was descended from Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 2nd Countess Ulster the daughter of Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence. The new King Henry IV (age 32) ignored his claim. Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl March 7th Earl of Ulster and his brother Roger Mortimer (age 6) were imprisoned in Windsor and Berkhamstead castles respectively; they were treated well.
On 17th February 1400 Richard's corpse was displayed at St Paul's Cathedral [Map].
On 6th March 1400 Richard's remains were buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map].
On 17th February 1461 the Lancastrian army defeated the Yorkist army at Second Battle of St Albans and rescued King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 39). The Lancastrian army was commanded by Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 30) and included Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland (age 39), John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 45), Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor (age 26), Henry Roos and Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby (age 33).
Thomas Ros 9th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 33), William Tailboys 7th Baron Kyme (age 46), John Talbot 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (age 12) and Thomas Tresham (age 41) were knighted.
The Yorkist army included Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 32), William Fitzalan 9th or 16th Earl of Arundel (age 43), John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock (age 61) and Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex (age 57). John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 30) was captured. Robert Poynings (age 42) and James Luttrell (age 34) were killed.
John Grey (age 29) was killed fighting for Lancaster. A death that was to have far reaching consequences; his widow Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 24) subsequently married King Edward IV of England (age 18).
During the battle William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville (age 68) and Thomas Kyriell (age 65) were assigned to the protection of the King Henry VI. After the battle both were beheaded against all decent laws of battle.
William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville was beheaded. His great granddaughter Cecily succeeded 2nd Baroness Bonville.
Thomas Kyriell was beheaded.
William Cotton (age 21) was killed.
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An English Chronicle. 12th February 14611. The xij. day of Feuerer, the Thurseday, kyng Harry with his lordes, that ys to say, the duk of Norfolk, and Suffolk, the erles of Warrewyk and of Arundelle, the lorde Bonevyle and other, went oute of Londoun, and came with thayre peple to the toune of Seynt Albonys, nat knowyng that the peple of the North was so nyghe. And whanne the kyng herde that they were so nyghe hym, he went oute and took hys felde besyde a lytelle towne called Sandryge, nat fer fro Seynt Albonys, in a place called No-mannes land, and there he stoode and sawe his peple slayne on bothe sydes. And at the laste, thorow the withdrawyng of the Kentisshmen with thayre capteyne, called Lovelace, that was in the vaunt-warde,—the whych Lovelace fauored the Northe party, for as moche as he was take by the Northurnmen at Wakefeld whan the duk of York was slayne, and made to theym an othe for to saue his lyfe, that he wold neuer be agayns theym,—and also be vndysposycion of the peple of the kynges syde, that wold nat be guyded ne gouerned by theyre capteyns, kyng Harryes part loste the feeld. The lordes that were wyth [folio 213a] the kyng seyng thus, withdrowe theym, and went theyre wey.
Note. See below where the date is given as the 17th February 1461.
Chronicle of John Benet. 12th February 14611 On the 12th day of February most sources say 17th February 1461., which was then a Thursday, the King left London, and with him the Duke of Norfolk, to the town of Barnet. And on the same day, the Earl of Warwick left London towards the town of Ware with a great force of artillery, and he met the King near the town of St. Albans. And from the northern parts came the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Devon, the Earl of Northumberland, and other lords mentioned before, to the town of St. Albans, plundering all the cities and towns through which they passed. The King went out to meet them on the eastern side of the town of St. Albans, about a mile away. There, the Duke of Norfolk, the Earl of Warwick, and the Earl of Arundel fled, and thus the other lords captured the King. And there was killed Lord William Bonville and many others, almost four thousand in number. Then the Queen came to the King in the town of St. Albans, and thus the King went to the town of Dunstable, while the Queen, remaining in the town of St. Albans, plundered all of Middlesex as far as London. And she sent a chaplain and an esquire to the Mayor of London for money, but they departed empty-handed.
Et xij die Februarii tunc die Jovis1 Exivit Rex de London' et cum eo dux Norfolche usque villam de Bernet. Et eodem die exivit de London' Comes Warvyci versus villam de Ware cum magna ordinancia et obviavit regi apud villam Sancti Albani. Et venit ex (fo. 186r) partibus borialibus dux Somersetie, Comes comitatus Devonie, Comes Northumbrie et alii domini prefati usque villam Sancti Albani, depredantes omnes civitates et villas per quas iter fecerunt, contra quos exiit Rex obvians eis exparte orientale ville Sancti Albani quasi per unum miliare, et ibi fugit dux Norfolchie et Comes Warvici et Comes Arundelle et sic ceperunt Alii domini Regem. Et interfectus est ibi dominus Willelmus Bonvyle et multi alii numero quasi iiijor milia, et tunc venit Regina ad regem in villam Sancti Albani, et sic ivit rex usque villam de Dunstapulle et regina expectans in villam Sancti Albani depredavit totam Midilsexiam usque London'. Et illa misit maiori London' pro pecunia unum capellanum et armigerum et vacui recesserunt.
Note 1. This date agrees with Davies, English Chronicle, p. 1072, but Gregory's Chronicle, p. 211, gives 17 February.
Note 2. Two paragraphs later in the English Chronicle it reads "This bataylle was done on Shroftwysday, the yere aboue sayde, the xvij. day of Feuerer".
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Chronicle of Robert Fabyan. 17th February 1461. In the which meane tyme, the erle of Warwyke and the duke of Norfolke, whiche by the duke of Yorke were assygned to geue attendaunce upon the kynge, by consent of the kynge, gatheryd unto theyin strengthe of knyghtys, and mette with the quenys hoost at Seynt Albons foresayd, where atwene them a stronge lyghte was foughten upon Shroue Tuysdaye in the mornnge, at ye which the duke of Norfolke, & the sayde erle in the ende were chasyd, and kynge Henry taken este upon the felde and broughte unto the quene. And the same afternoone, after some wrytrrs, he made his sone prynce Edwarde knyght, whiche than was of the age of viii. [8] yeres, with other to the noumbre of. xxx. [30] parsones.
Chronicle of St Albans by Abbot John Whethamstede. 17th February 1461. The Northerners indeed, upon approaching the town of the aforementioned First Martyr, and hearing that the King was nearby with a great army, along with some of his Lords, immediately entered the said town, desiring to take a route through its center and direct their army against the King's army. However, they were compelled to retreat by a few archers near the Great Cross, who stood in their way, and they fled with disgrace to the western end of the town; where, by way of the lane leading from the very end towards the North, up to the village of St. Peter, they obtained entrance and there engaged in a great conflict with a certain band of the King's army. Then, after quite a few were killed on both sides, they escaped to a heath called "Bernards Heath," near the northern end of the town, where they encountered with some larger forces, such as four or five thousand of the advance guard of the King's army, a much greater, indeed, a very fierce conflict for the time being. For if the Southerners had known how to press, persist, and endure as fiercely as they knew how to engage in battle and fight at the outset, they would undoubtedly have put all those boasting and blustering Northerners to flight again with disgrace to their homes, and forced them to curse, condemn, and even abhor the day and hour they presumed to leave their hiding places. But because, according to Vegetius, 'De Re Militari,' in every region those people who are Southern or Eastern, born nearer to the sun, have less blood than others because they are more dried out by the sun, therefore they are softer and more tender within themselves, and consequently less able to fight hand-to-hand against enemies: as also agrees with a certain Metrical writer, thus writing,—
"Whatever regions are exposed to the warmth of the sun,
the excessive mildness of the climate makes them too soft,"
therefore the Southerners, who were fiercer at the beginning and superior in the field, were soon broken too quickly, and even faster, as they looked back and saw no one from the great army of the King rushing to their aid or preparing to help them, they soon turned their backs to the Northerners, fled through bushes and thickets, through hedges and woods, through various other impassable and watery places, to avoid the hands of the enemy and to save their lives."
Venientes utique Boreales ad villam dicti Proto-martyris, et Dominum Regem, cum exercitu magno, cum nonnullisque Dominis suis, deprope jacentem audientes, mox intraverunt villam dictam, cupientes per medium ejus iter arripere, et exercitum suum dirigere contra exercitum Regis. Attamen per paucos arcitenentes, deprope Magnam Crucem sibi obvios, compulsi erant retrorsum recedere, fugereque cum dedecore ad finem Occidentalem ville; ubi per venellam, quæ ducit ab ipso fine versus Boream, usque ad vicum Sancti Petri, impetrantes sibi ingressum, habuerunt ibidem cum quodam manipulo plebis de exercitu Domini Regis conflictum magnum. Deinde, non paucis tamen ex utraque parte prius interfectis, evadentes usque ad brueram, vocatam "Barnet Heath," prope finem ville Borealem jacentem, habuerunt cum quibusdam copiis amplioribus, ut, puta, cum quatuor vel quinque millibus de præcursoribus exercitus Domini Regis, conflictum majorem, immo, permaximum, et pro tempore satis ancipitem. Nam si scivissent Australes adeo acriter instare, perstare, et perseverare, sicut sciverunt inire prœlium, in principioque pugnare, fugassent infallibiliter istos boantes balatrantesque Boreales omnes iterum cum dedecore ad suas sedes, coegissentque eos damnasse, condemnasse, ac etiam execrasse, diem et horam in quibus egredi præsumpserunt de latibulis suis. Sed quia, secundum Vegetium, "De Re Militari," in omni regione populi illi qui Australes sunt, vel Orientales, propinquius soli nati, minus aliis habent sanguinis, quia magis per solem desiccati, ideo molliores tenerioresque in se sunt, et ex consequenti ad pugnandum contra hostes cominus inhabiliores: prout etiam concordat secum Metricus quidam, ita scribens,—
"Quicquid ad Eoos tractus, cœlique teporem,
Vergitur, emollit nimium clementia cœli,"
ideo Australes, qui acriores fuerunt in principio, superioresque in campo, frangebantur posterius cito nimis, in tantoque citius, in quanto respicientes retro, et neminem videntes de prægrandi exercitu Domini Regis accurrentes, sive se disponentes ad præstandum succursum ipsis, mox dorsum dederunt Borealibus, fugeruntque per rubos et dumos, per sepes et sylvas, per locaque alia varia, invia et inaquosa, ad declinandum manus hostium, et ad salvandum vitas suas.
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Chronicle of Jean de Waurin. 17th February 1461. At St Albans, the Duke of Somerset caused a great alarm. Soon after, Lovelace approached the King and said, "Sire, all our men are in disarray." He asked where his cousin Warwick was, to which Lovelace replied that he had left. Sir Thomas Kyriell then asked where his men were, and Lovelace answered that they had all fled. Sir Thomas Kyriell, a very brave knight and experienced in such matters due to his extensive experience in warfare, became very suspicious of the apparent betrayal, seeing the great confusion among the parties. When the Earl of Warwick heard the commotion and realized that things were turning bad, he tried to turn towards the King, but he couldn't due to the people fleeing. Thus, the King was found beneath a large oak tree, where he laughed heartily at the turn of events. He asked those who came to him not to maltreat Sir Thomas Kyriell, which they promised to do. However, Lovelace, the treacherous traitor, led his lord the King, Sir Thomas, and his son to the Queen, who was very pleased with the King's arrival, as she hoped to achieve her goal of having the Kingdom under her control.
Auquel lieu de Saint Albon ledit duc de Sombresset vint faire une grosse alarme, et tantost ycellui Louvelet vint au roy et luy dist: "Sire, tous nos gens sont mis en desroy" et il luy demanda ou estoit son cousin de Warewic, a quoy Louvelet respondy quil sen estoit allez. Fut. messire Thomas Quiriel demanda ou estoient ses gens; il respondy quilz sen estoient tous fuys. Alors messire Thomas Quiriel, quy estoit ung moult vaillant chevallier, bien congnoissant en telz matieres comme cellui quy avoit beaucop experemente du fait de la guerre, se doubta moult de la trahison que il veoit estre aparant, voiant la grant desrision qui estoit entre les parties. Quant le comte de Warewic oy le bruit et quil aparcheut que la chose tournoit a mal, il se cuida tourner devers le roy, mais il ne polt pour le peuple qui sen fuyoit. Et ainsi fut le roy prins desoubz uns gros chesne ou il se ryoit moult fort de la chose advenue et prya a ceulz qui vindrent devers luy que audit messire Quiriel ne feissent nul destourbier de son corpz ce quiiz promisrent de faire, mais Louvelet, le desloial trahitre, mena son seigneur le roy, messire Thomas et son filz devers la royne qui fut moult joieuse de la venue du roy, parcequelle cuida bien parvenir a son entente davoir le royaulme en sa subgection.
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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Chronicle of England by William of Worcester. 17th February 1461. On Shrove Tuesday, namely [17th], February, a battle took place at St. Albans, where the Duke of Norfolk, the Earl of Warwick and Arundel, and many others fled from the f ield. And the same King Henry was captured on the battlefield, with the Lord Montagu, his chamberlain, also captured there. And the prince came to the King on the battlefield, where the same king, his father, knighted him. And then the same prince made the Earl of Shrewsbury, and many other knights, whose names follow, namely, Thomas Roos ....
In die Carnibrevii, viz. [....] die Februarii, factum est bellum apud Sanctum Albanum, ubi fugerunt de campo dux Norfolchiæ, comes Warrwici et Arundeliæ, ac multi alii. Et idem rex Henricus captus in campo, cum domino de Monte Acuto, camerario suo, ibidem capto. Et princeps venit ad regem in campo, ubi idem rex, pater suus, insignivit eum militem. Et tunc idem princeps fecit comitem Salop, et multos alios milites, quorum nomina sequuntur, viz., Thomas Roos ….
Chronicle of England by William of Worcester. 17th February 1461. And in the said battle, around two thousand people were killed, not only in one field but in various fields, as the countryside there was very wooded; and at that time, James Lutterell from the county of Somerset and Arnold Hungerford were killed on the Queen's side. And on Ash Wednesday, William Bonville (age 68) and Thomas Kyriell (age 65)190, knight, were captured, and in the presence of the prince, they were beheaded at St. Albans. With the end of the said battle, the aldermen of London sent two duchesses, Bedford and Buckingham, to the Queen for the sake of the city's grace and peace, and other ambassadors were sent to the King and queen at Barnet to meet the other aldermen for the said city ….
Et in dicto bello occiduntur ad numerum duorum millium gentium, non tantum in uno campo sed in diversis croftis, quia patria ibidem multum lignosa extitit; ac ad tunc ibidem ex parte reginæ occiditur Jacobus Lutterell de comitatu Somersetiæ et Arnaldus Hungyrforde. Ac in die Cinerum capti sunt Wyllelmus Bonevyle et Thomas Kyriele, miles, et in præsentia principis decollatur apud Sanctum Albanum. Dicto bello finito, miserunt aldermanni Londoniæ duas ducissas Bedforde et Bukyngham ad reginam pro gratia et pace civitatis habenda, missique sunt alii ambassiatores regi et reginæ ad Barnet, ad obviandum cæteris aldermannys pro dicta civitate, etc ….
Note 190. William Bonville and Thomas Kyriell, both knights of senior years, had guarded King Henry during the battle. Their execution following the battle was considered contrary to the rules of warfare.
Hall's Chronicle. 17th February 1461. And so after her long jorney, she came to the town of sainct Albons: wherof ye duke of Northfolke, ye erle of Warwvcke, and other, whom ye duke of Yorke had lefte to governe the kyng in his absence, beyng advertised, by the assent of ye kyng, gathered together a great hoste, and set forward towarde saincte Albons, havyng the kyng in their company, as the head and chefetayn of the warre, and so not mynding to differre the time any farther, upon shrovetuesday early in the morning, set upon their enemies. Fortune ye day so fauored the Quene, that her parte prevayled, and the duke and the erle were discomfited, and fled: leaving the king accompanied with the lord Bonvile, and syr Thomas Kyriell of Kent, whiche vpon assuraunce of his promise, taried still and fled not, but their trust, them deceived. For after the victorie obteyned, and the kynge broughte to the Quene, they two were deteyned as prisoners, and so continued till the kynges departyng from that towne. In this battayl were slayn. xxiii. C. [2300] men, and not above, of whome no noble man is remebred, saue syr Ihon Gray (age 29), which thesame day was made knight, with xii. other, at ye village of Colney.
A Chronicle of London. 17th February 1461 ... and at Shroftide came the lordes of the North to seint Albonys, and there discomfeited therle of Warwik and his compeigny, and toke the kyng with them into the North.
Chronicle of Gregory. Ande the xvij day nexte folowynge Kyng Harry (age 39) roode to Synt Albonys [Map], and the Duke of Northefolke (age 45) with hym, the Erle of Warwycke (age 32), the Erle of Arundelle (age 43), the Lord Bouser (age 30), the Lord Bonvyle (age 68), with many grete lordys, knyghtys, and squyers, and commyns of an C [Hundred] Ml men. And there they hadde a grete batayle whythe the Quene (age 30), for she come ever on fro the jornaye of Wackefylde tylle sche come to Synt Albonys, with alle the lordys a fore said; and her mayny and every lord is men bare her lordys leverey, that every man mighte knowe his owne feleschippe by his lyverey. And be-syde alle that, every man and lord bare the Pryncys (age 7) levery, that was a bende of crymesyn and blacke with esteryge is fetherys. The substance that gate that fylde were howseholde men and feyd men. I wene there were not v Mlmen that fought in the Quenys party, for [t]emoste parte of Northeryn men fledde a-way, and some were take and spoylyd out of her harnysse by the way as they fledde. And some of them robbyd evyr as they yede, a petyffulle thynge hit is to hyre hit. But the day before that batayle there was a jornay at Dunstapyl [Map]; but the kyngys mayny lackyd good gydyng, for some were but newe men of warre, for the chevyste captayne was a boucher of the same towne; and there were the kyngys mayny ovyr throughe only by the Northeryn men. And son aftyr the bocher, for schame of his sympylle gydynge and loste of the men, the nombyr of viij C, for very sorowe as it is said, hynge him selfe; and some men said that it was for loste of his goode, but dede he ys-God knowythe the trought.
And in the myddys of the batayle King Harry wente unto his Quene and for-soke alle his lordys, ande truste better to her party thenne unto his owne lordys. And then thoroughe grete labur the Duke of Northefolke and the Erle of Warwycke a schapyd a-waye; the Byschoppe of Exceter (age 29), that tyme Chaunceler of Ingelond, and brother unto the Erle of Warwycke, the Lord Bouser, whythe many othyr knyghtys, squyers, and comyns fledde, and many men slayne in bothe partys. And the Lord Bonevyle was be-heddyd, the common sayynge that his longage causyd him to dye. The Prynce was jugge is owne sylfe. Ande ther was slayne that manly knyght Syr Thomas Keryel (age 65). The nomber of ded men was xxxv C an moo [t]at were slayne. The lordys in Kyng Harrys party pycchyd a fylde and fortefyd it full stronge, and lyke unwyse men brake her raye and fyld and toke a-nothyr, and or that they were alle sette a buskyd to batayle, the Quenys parte was at hond whythe them in towne of Synt Albonys [Map], and then alle [t]yng was to seke and out of ordyr, for her pryckyers come not home to bryng no tydyng howe ny that the Quene was, save one come and sayd that she was ix myle of. And ar the goners and borgeners couthe levylle her gonnys they were besely fyghtyng, and many a gynne of wer was ordaynyd that stode in lytylle a-vayle or nought; for the burgeners hadde suche instrumentys that wolde schute bothe pellettys of ledde and arowys of an elle of lenghthe with vj fetherys, iij in myddys and iij at the othyr ende, with a grete mighty hedde of yryn at the othyr ende, and wylde fyre with alle. Alle thes iij thyngys they might schute welle and esely at onys, but in tyme of nede they couthe not schut not one of thes, but the fyre turnyd backe a-pon them that wold schute this iij thyngys. Also they hadde nettys made of grete cordys of iiij fethem of lengthe and of iiij fote brode, lyke unto an haye, and at every ij knott there was an nayl stondyng uppe ryght, that there couthe no man passe ovyr it by lyckely hode but he shulde be hurte. Alle so they hadde pavysse bore as a dore i-made with a staffe foldynge uppe and downe to sette the pavys where the lykyd, and loupys with schyttyng wyndowys to schute out at, they stondyng by hynde [t]e pavys, and the pavys as full of iijdnayle aftyr ordyr as they might stonde. And whenn her schotte was spende and done they caste the pavysse by-fore hem, then there might noo man come unto them ovyr the pavysse for the naylys that stode up-ryghte, but yf he wolde myschyffe him sylfe. Alle so they hadde a thynge made lyke unto a latysse full of naylys as the net was, but hit wolde be mevyd as a man wolde; a man might bryse it to-gedyr that the lengythe wolde be more then ij yerdys long, and yf he wolde he might hale it a brode, then hit wolde be iiij square. And that servyd to lye at gappys there at horsemen wolde entyr yn, and many a caltrappe. And as the substaunce of men of worschyppe that wylle not glose nor cory favyl for no parcyallyte, they cowthe not undyrstond that alle this ordenaunce dyd any goode or harme but yf it were a mong us in owre parte with Kyng Harry. There fore it is moche lefte, and men take them to mallys of ledde, bowys, swyrdys, gleyvys, and axys. As for speremen they ben good to ryde be-fore the foote men and ete and drynke uppe her vetayle, and many moo suche prety thyngys they doo, holde me excusyd thoughe I say the beste, for in the fote men is alle the tryste.
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Chronicle of Gregory. 17th February 1461. Ande at the nyght aftyr the batayle the King (age 39) blessyd his son the Prynce (age 7), and Doctor Morton (age 41) brought forthe a boke that was full of orysons, and there the boke was oppenyd, and blessyd that yong chylde cum pinguedine terre et cum rore celi1, and made him knyght. And the yong knyght weryd a payre of bregant yerys i-coveryd with purpylle velvyt i-bete with golde-smythe is worke. And the Prynce made many knyghtys. The fryste that he made was Androwe Trolloppe, for he was hurte and might not goo for a calletrappe in his fote; and he said, "My lorde, I have not deservyd hit for I slowe but xv men, for I stode stylle in oo place and they come unto me, but they bode stylle with me." And then come Whytyngam (age 32), Tresham (age 41), and many moo othyr, and were made knyghtys that same tyme.
Note 1. "with the richness of the earth and with the dew of heaven".
Holinshed's Chronicle. 17th February 1461. Those northerne lords and other that were with the queene, made forward, and entring into S. Albons, meant to passe through the towne, and so to coape with their enimies; but finding a sort of archers ranged neere to the great crosse in the market place, to defend their passage, they were receiued with such a storme of arrowes, which came flieng about their eares as thicke as haile, that they were quicklie repelled backe, and with losse driuen to retire in hast vnto the west end of the towne; where by a lane that leadeth northwards up to saint Peters street, they made their entrie, and had there also a sharpe incounter against certeine bands of the kings people. But after great slaughter on both parts, they got through, and vpon the heath that lieth at the north end of the towne, called Barnard heath, they had a farre greater conflict with foure or five thousand of the kings armie, that seemed as they had beene auant courrers.
Patent Rolls. 17th February 1478. Grant for life to Richard Ferrers of the off of steward of lordship Westminster, of Fawnhope, co. Hereford, in the king's hands by reason of the minority of Edward (age 2) son of George, late duke of Clarence (age 28), with the accustomed fees. By p.s.
Note. The date here somewhat confusing since George York 1st Duke of Clarence wasn't executed until a day later on 18 Feb 1478.
17th February 1494. St Michael's Church, Chenies [Map]. Brass of Rector Richard Newland inscribed "Here lies Master Richard Newland formerly rector of this church who died 17th day of February A.D. 1494 on whose soul may God have mercy".
Calendar of State Papers of Spain. 17th February 1536. Eustace Chapuys (age 46) to the Emperor (age 35).
The Princess (age 19), thanks to God, is doing well. She changed her lodgings last Saturday, and on her journey to her new residence was better attended and provided with money and every necessary than she has been for a long time past. That came very apropos, for she was thus enabled to distribute alms on the road, the King, her father, having sent her one hundred crs. or thereabouts to expend as she pleased. There is a rumour, as Master Cromwell sent me word immediately after the Queen's demise, that the King intends increasing the Princess' household and estate. May it be so, and may God, forbid that it ere should be a snake in the grass, or any other danger to her. It seems to me as if the King had only been waiting for his mistress' confinement. Had she been delivered of a son, as both were almost sure would be the case, he would, certainly have summoned, the Princess to swear to the statutes. I do not know what he may do now. I have warned the Princess to consider whether, in case of her being much pressed to take the oath and thereby reduced to extremities, it would not be expedient for her to offer, the very moment the King, her father, had a son, to accede to his wishes, and in the meanwhile begin from this day to flatter and, make herself agreeable to the governess. As soon as I get an answer to my message I shall not fail to apprize Your Majesty.
Calendar of State Papers of Spain. 17th February 1536. Eustace Chapuys (age 46) to the Emperor (age 35).
It appears that the English vessels detained at Calais, as I said above, will not be soon released, inasmuch as these people, notwithstanding the French ambassador's remonstrances on Candlemas Day—when he went again to Court, still refuse to make any innovation in their ordinances, customs, and statutes. Should the people of Bordeaux be equally obstinate and stubborn, some trouble and disorders may be apprehended. At least, such is the opinion of the French ambassador, who, having four days ago received letters from king Francis, sent word, though at a late hour, to a merchant and great friend of his, who happens to provide anything he wants for his household, to put his affairs in order, and be ready to quit England when needed; for he understood that ere long there would be disputes and contention, perhaps war, between the King, his master, and this one, not only on account of matters appertaining to the Faith but likewise owing to their refusal to grant the Princess' hand to the Dauphin. Yet it seems to me as if there was no likelihood of that, for king Francis has lately granted leave to export a large quantity of grain to this country. Neither do I hear now of Briant's return to France, as once reported, nor of any further negotiation just now between the French and English than the one above alluded to.
On the 4th inst. Parliament met, a pamphlet having "been printed at the same time for the information of its members, containing a list of the measures to be discussed therein: such as the suppression of all Church ceremonials concerning images and the worship of saints, and likewise against those who affirm that there is a purgatory. In accordance with which prohibition, and the statutes formerly passed against the authority of the Holy Apostolic See, preachers have been enjoined to instruct the people thereupon, and an order has accordingly been circulated to the prelates as well as to the minor clergy. Indeed, no later than last Sunday, the archbishop of Canterbury (Cranmer) played his part well in the great square in front of the cathedral church of this city, where, in a sermon of two hours, he filled one half of that time with most blasphemous abuse of His Holiness, the Pope, and his predecessors in the Holy See. Next Sunday the archbishop of York is to preach, and after him all the rest of the prelates of this kingdom, so that after a time, one by one, from the highest to the lowest, all the clergy of England will be made to preach in a similar strain. In fact, this King's principal aim is to bring over his subjects to his opinion, so that he may more freely dispose of all the revenues of the clergy. With regard to other articles of the Lutheran sect, they have no difficulty in getting them generally accepted, not even that of the non-existence of Purgatory,—the most novel and strange of all to the English in general, and particularly to the nobles, whose ancestors instituted several ecclesiastical foundations and endowments for the good of their posterity. Yet, should the above measures be ten times more iniquitous titan they really are, nobody will dare oppose them, and contravene the Kings will, unless help and support come from abroad.
Yesterday the personage sent by Mr. de Roeulx arrived here for the purpose specified in my last dispatch, namely, to devise means for the good issue of the preconcerted undertaking, and inform me of what he himself is doing [in Flanders] towards ensuring the execution of our plan; but, as I have already explained in my last two despatches, I very much fear that the opportunity and season are gone, and that it will be more difficult than ever to bring about the flight of the Princess; for, in the first place, she has now been removed to a house distant more than 15 miles from the one in which she first resided; and as Mr. de Roeulx supposed that she was to embark near Gravesend, 20 miles from this city, the master of the vessel engaged for the purpose not daring to come further up the river, it would be necessary for the Princess and her suite to ride 40 miles, which could not be done without hating relays of post-horses.
Even then it would be impossible for the Princess and her followers to make such haste as not to be stopped on the road; for although in the village where she is now staying plenty of horses and men can be procured, yet she would have to pass through a great many large villages and towns, where, if recognized, she is sure to be stopped. None of these risks had she to run at her former dwelling, for there were near it neither horses nor men, besides which the Princess would not have had to pass through places where six or eight stout men armed with hackbuts could not have proved a sufficient escort for her protection. Nothing is so certain as what I am about to state. Had it been possible to have the Princess conveyed to some place on the coast, below Gravesend, as the skipper assets, the enterprise would have been crowned with success; but, as I said above, the place of embarkation is now too far off, and the journey on horseback too long and fatiguing, and, besides that, fraught with danger. On the other hand, should the vessel be able to enter the Thames, and come as far as two miles from this city, the danger might be of another sort. It might then be low-tide, and therefore, before reaching Gravesend, or going out of the river, the vessel might be stopped. The skipper says, among other things, that he would not dare put people below, for fear of his vessel being scrupulously searched, as they are in the habit of doing. But, in my opinion, that would not be a serious obstacle, for the Princess and her escort might be sent down in barges (charrues), as if they were passengers or seamen, and then be landed on the other side (de la) of Gravesend.
The Princess holds it as certain, and so have other people assured me, that about Christmas next she will be removed to other quarters, Indeed, she herself fancies that she will be sent either to the place whence she came, or to another still nearer, which would be most favourable for our plans.
However this may be, I must say that, notwithstanding her most ardent desire to escape from the constant anguish, tribulation, danger, as well as annoyances of all sorts by which she is beset, the Princess would still prefer a more sure and efficient remedy—one likely to arrest the growth or at least to prevent the germination of these pains and dangers [she is subjected to],—namely, that Your Majesty should diligently bestow your full attention on the means to be employed for the general and total extirpation of the evil. Not only would that be a most meritorious work in the eyes of God, it would be also the means of saving innumerable souls now on the verge of perdition, and otherwise ensuring the peace and tranquillity of Christendom In the Princess' sentiments in this respect I cannot help concurring, for even granting that she could be taken out of this country, which, as I have above stated, is an enterprise fraught with danger, matters would not improve much here; and, as she herself justly observes, it would thus become necessary to resort to force, when the whole affair would become more difficult than it is at present, for king Henry, who is rich and possesses great treasure, might, in desperation, engage in some enterprise against Your Majesty, or at least put himself on the defensive; whereas nowadays he is completely unprepared, and, considering himself safe, takes no precautions at all. So, at least, the Princess thinks. As to myself, I really believe that were the Princess at your Court, this King would think twice before he took a high hand and kicked against the pricks. Yet the Princess is continually soliciting me in various ways, and as earnestly as she possibly can, sending me daily messages and, so forth, to beg and entreat Your Majesty to hasten the remedy so often pointed out by her and by me, which seems to her to tarry long, and will at last come too late, so much so that, as she writes to me, she is daily preparing herself for death.
The Princess wished me to send an express messenger to Your Majesty to make the above representations, or else that the late Queen's physician, who seems inclined to leave England, should be the bearer of her message; but remarking to her that this would be tantamount to casting some doubt on Your Majesty's perfect love and good disposition towards her and her affairs, and, assuring her at the same time of the vigilant care for her safety that is taken in those parts where Your Majesty at present is, I made my excuses for not sending one of my own servants on such an errand, and I must say that she seems satisfied. I will also do my best to prevent altogether the physician's journey to Your Majesty's court in Spain or elsewhere, and, should I not succeed, will retain him here as long as I can, were it for no other plausible reason than the need the Princess herself may have of his attendance, as in case of illness she would trust no one but him. Though the physician has not yet been regularly appointed to attend on her, as I myself begged the King to do after the Queen's decease, yet I know that orders have been issued to the governess to allow him to visit the Princess whenever she needs it,—which, besides being a great consolation and comfort to her, will, if the permission lasts, be the means of forwarding our plans for the future.
Should the Princess' suite, as the rumour goes, be increased through the appointment of some of her mothers old servants, and were it possible to place near her person the one who was once the apothecary's assistant and served also as "valet de chamber" to the late Queen, the Princes' flight might, in my opinion, be greatly facilitated by it, for he is a man of resource, and very well disposed to help, if necessary, in an undertaking of that kind, especially if the Princess came nearer to this city, or was sent to the place where she at first resided; which event, as I said above, is expected next Christmas, when navigation generally becomes easier for rowing vessels, and the King himself is in the habit of going into the country, for then every chance would be in our favor. In the meantime Mr. de Roeulx might make in Flanders the necessary preparations, and also procure, if he has not done so already, the above described craft besides which, as appears from a letter which the King's concubine wrote to her aunt, McShelton, the Princess' governess, shortly before she miscarried, and a copy of which is here enclosed, there is at present no great urgency. I do not know whether the letter I allude to is a feint or not, though the manner in which the Princess came by it appears to me rather suspicious. The governess seems to have left or dropped it by mistake in the Princess' oratory, the latter read it, copied it out, and afterwards carefully replaced it where she found it.
Should there be occasion to carry out the enterprise, it would be undesirable for Your Majesty to keep me longer here, for no one could persuade this King, whatever excuses should be brought forward, to the effect, that I was not the inventor and promoter of the whole plan, and consequently nothing would prevent him from wreaking his vengeance on me, for in that as in many other circumstances of his life this King would like to show his power, and prove to the world that he is afraid of no one and certainly it is not his concubine who would calm his anger on the occasion, for she hates me for having always spoken the truth, and thwarted her accursed designs. It would, therefore, be advisable that, when everything is ready for the Princess' flight, I should, under some pretence or other, be recalled and ordered to make a tour in Flanders, and then ostensibly quit this country with two or three of my own servants for, as I once explained to the man sent by Mr. de Roculx, it would be extremely difficult, nay impossible, for me to take an active part in the Princess' escape, or leave England at the time she does, for I should surely be detected. On the other hand, should I go to Flanders, people here might perhaps entertain less regard for the Princess, imagining that, once at the Imperial Court, I could there work more to their advantage.
My it please Your Majesty to send me positive orders as to my line of conduct in this affair, that they may be punctually obeyed, and not to attribute the above remarks of mine to want of good-will on my part, or fear of death in Your service, which I should consider my highest honour and glory.
Two days ago two natives of Ghelders arrived on a mission to this King. As soon as I hear what they come about I shall not fail to advise, as likewise of what is done in this new Parliament, where no resolution worthy of special notice has yet been passed.—London, 17 Feb. 1536.
Signed: "Eustace Chapuys."
Addressed "To the Emperor."
French. Original, mostly in cipher, pp. 8½.
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Letters and Papers. 17th February 1536. Vienna Archives. 307. Chapuys (age 46) to Charles V.
Two days ago some Gueldrois arrived, and came to the King. Will endeavour to discover the cause, and inform His Majesty both of that and of what takes place at this Parliament, in which nothing has yet been done that is worth writing. London, 17 Feb. 1535. Fr. From a modern copy1; pp. 5.
ii. Copy of the letter of the Concubine to Madame Chelton, her aunt.
[Before 29 Jan 1536]. Mrs. Shelton (age 60), my pleasure is that you do not further move the Lady Mary (age 19) to be towards the King's Grace otherwise than it pleases herself. What I have done has been more for charity than for anything the King or I care what road she takes, or whether she will change her purpose, for if I have a son, as I hope shortly, I know what will happen to her; and therefore, considering the Word of God, to do good to one's enemy, I wished to warn her before hand, because I have daily experience that the King's wisdom is such as not to esteem her repentance of her rudeness and unnatural obstinacy when she has no choice. By the law of God and of the King, she ought clearly to acknowledge her error and evil conscience if her blind affection had not so blinded her eyes that she will see nothing but what pleases herself. Mrs. Shelton, I beg you not to think to do me any pleasure by turning her from any of her wilful courses, because she could not do me [good] or evil; and do your duty about her according to the King's command, as I am assured you do, "et le devez estre aussi (qu. assuré?) que me trouverez vre. bonne dame quil ne (qu. quelque?) chose quelle face." Fr. From a modern copy, p. 1.
Note 1. There is another modern copy in Rymer Transcripts, Vol. 145, No. 6, but some important passages are omitted in it. A translation of the greater part of the letter will be found in Froude's "The Pilgrim," p. 108.
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Calendar of State Papers of Spain. 17th February 1536. Eustace Chapuys (age 46) to the Emperor (age 35).
On that very day the good Queen of England's (deceased) burial took place, which was attended by four bishops and as many abbots, besides the ladies mentioned in my preceding despatches. No other person of rank or name was present except the comptroller of the Royal household. The place where she lies in the cathedral church of Peterborough [Map] is a good way from the high altar, and in a less honourable position than that of several bishops buried in the same church. Had she not been a dowager Princess, as they have held her both in life and death, but simply a Lady, they could not have chosen a less distinguished place of rest for her, as the people who understand this sort of thing tell me. Such have been the wonderful display and incredible magnificence which these people gave me to understand would be lavished in honour and memory of one whose great virtues and royal relationship certainly entitled her to uncommon honours. Perhaps one of these days they will repair their fault, and erect a suitable monument or institute some pious foundation to her memory in some suitable spot or other.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 17th February 1553. The xvij day of Feybruary th'erle of Penbroke (age 52) cam rydyng in to London with iij C. horsse, and a-ffor hym a C. gentyllmen with chenes of gold, alle in bluw cloth, playne, with a bage on ther slewe a dragon, and so to Benard Castyll [Map], and ther he leyff.
Wriothesley's Chronicle. 17th February 1554. The 17 of February the Duke of Suffolke (age 37) was arreigned at Westminster and there condemned of Treason.
The same day a proclamation was made in London for strangers, not being denizens and merchants knowne, using the trade of merchandize, should departe and avoyde the realme within xxiiii dayes after this proclamation, upon payne to forfeyt all their goods movable, and allso upon payne of imprisonment.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 17th February 1554. The xvij day of Feybruary was the duke of Suffoke (age 37) rayned at Westmynster halle, and cast for he tresun, and cast to suffer deth.
Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1554. 17th February 1554. Satersday the xvijth daie of Februarie the duke of Suffolke (age 37) was caried to Westminster and there arrayned, being fetched from the Tower by the clerke of the cheke and all the garde almoste; who at his going out went out very stoutely and cherfully enough, but (at) his coming here he landed at the water gate with a countenance very hevy and pensyfe, desyring all men to praye for him. (The lorde Courtney, lying in the Bell tower, sawe him both outwarde and innwarde.)
Henry Machyn's Diary. 17th February 1557. The xvij day of Feybruary ded in Chanell-rowe the good yerle of Sussex (age 50) at Westmynster.
On 17th February 1563 at Baynard's Castle [Map] a double wedding between two pairs of siblings, Talbot and Herbert, took place ...
Henry Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 25) and Catherine Talbot Countess Pembroke (age 13) were married. She the daughter of George Talbot 6th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 35) and Gertrude Manners Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford (age 38). He the son of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke (age 62) and Anne Parr Countess Pembroke. They were third cousin once removed.
Francis Talbot (age 11) and Anne Herbert (age 13) were married. She the daughter of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke and Anne Parr Countess Pembroke. He the son of George Talbot 6th Earl of Shrewsbury and Gertrude Manners Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford. They were third cousin once removed.
Henry Machyn's Diary. 17th February 1563. The xvij day of Feybruary was a dobull marege at [Baynard's] Castyll [Map] at the yerle of Pembroke('s) plase, my lord Talbot (age 11) unto my lade (Anne) Harbard (age 13), and my lord Harbard of Cardyff (age 25) unto my lade (age 13) the [eldest] syster unto my lord Talbot; and after was a grett denner as [has] bene sene, for iiij days, and evere nyght gret mummeres and m[asks.]
Annales of England by John Stow. The xvii [7th] of February [1601] Captaine Thomas Lee (deceased), was drawne fo Tiborne, and there hanged, bowelled and quartered, being before condemned, for consspiracie against the Quéene, about deliverance of the Earle of Essex out of the Tower, he tooke his death constantly, confessing he had divers wayes deserved it, but to be innocent of that he was condemned for, &c.
Diary of Anne Clifford. 17th February 1616. Upon the 17th my Lord Archbishop of Canterbury (age 53), my Lord William Howard (age 52)1, my Lord Rous (age 25), my Coz. Russell (age 23), my Brother Sackville (age 25) and a great company of men of [erased in MS.] were all in the Gallery at Dorset House where the Archbishop took me aside and talked with me privately one hour and half and persuaded me both by Divine and human means to set my hand to their arguments. But my answer to his Lordship was that I would do nothing till my Lady and I had conferred together. Much persuasion was used by him and all the company, sometimes terrifying me and sometimes flattering me, but at length it was concluded that I should have leave to go to my Mother (age 55) and send an answer by the 22nd of March next, whether I will agree to the business or not, and to this prayer my Lord of Canterbury and the rest of the Lords have set their hands.
Note 1. Her husband's uncle.
Diary of Anne Clifford. 17th February 1617. Upon the 17th about 8 o'clock in the morning my Lord (age 27) returned to London.
At night Mr Asken came and brought me a letter from Lady Grantham and told me a great deal of news from London, and I signed a bill to give him £7 at his return from Jerusalem.
This day I gave the Child's old clothes to Legge for his wife.
Autobiography Simon D'Ewes. 17th February 1623. There happened on Monday, the 17th day of the month, so strange an accident as after ages will scarce believe it. For Charles Prince of Wales (age 22) began his journey from London into Spain on Monday, the 17th day of February, with the beloved Marquis of Buckingham (age 30), Sir Francis Cottington (age 44), and Mr. Endimion Porter (age 36), only in his campaign; who only, besides the King himself, were the alone men aquainted with the Prince's resolution. Their going was so secretly carried as none, I believe, knew of it in England till they were landed in France, through which kingdom they passed by posthorse into Spain.1 The journey was thought so dangerous, being above 1100 English miles by land, besides the crossing of the seas between Dover and Calais, as all men were generally ensaddened at the ad- venture, often wishing it had been better advised upon; although they knew the Spaniards durst do the Prince no harm, so long as his royal sister and her illustrious oflspring survived. Soon after followed the Lord Hays (age 43), Earl of Carlisle, and passed into France to excuse to that King the Prince's sudden and secret passing through his kingdom without giving him a visit. All men now took it for granted, that the Prince's marriage with the Infanta Maria, the King of Spain's sister, was concluded on, and that he went over only to consummate it; no man imagining that he would take up such a resolution upon uncertainties, especially occasioning so vast and unnecessary expense at a time when the King's wants pressed him much. But God, whose decree binds princes as well as peasants, had otherwise disposed, so as our royal suitor, arriving at Madrid in Spain on Friday the 7th (or 17th) of March, about three weeks later his departure from London, and taking ship for his return to England on the 18th (or 28th) of September, then next ensuing, stayed in Spain about seven months; in all which time he seldom saw or spoke with the Spanish Princess, nor could ever receive a fair or sincere denial from her brother, although her marriage had been absolutely disposed of by her father's last will and testament; he bequeathing her to Ferdinand, son and heir of Ferdinand the Second, Emperor of Germany, who afterwards did accordingly espouse her.
Note 1. "And now behold a, strange adventure and enterprise! The Prince and the Marquis of Buckingham, accompanied with Cottington and Endimion Porter, post in disgiuse to Spain to accelerate the marriage. The 17th of February they went privately from Court, and the next day came to Dover, where they embarked for Boulogne, and from thence rode post to Paris, where they made some atop. The Prince, shadowed under a bushy peruque, beheld the splendour of that court, and had a full view of the Princess Henrietta Maria (age 13), who was afterwards his royal consort. For, besides the great privacy of the journey, they had so laid the English ports, that none should follow or give the least advertisement, until they had got the start of intelligencers, and passed the bounds of France. Howbeit they escaped narrowly, and a swift intelligence sent to the King of Spain from Don Carlos Coloma was even at their heels before they arrived at Madrid. The Prince and Buckingham being in the territories of Spain, to make but little noise, rode post before their company.
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 17th February 1626 William Wittelsbach V Duke Bavaria (age 77) died. His son Maximilian (age 52) succeeded Maximillian I Duke Bavaria.
On 17th February 1649 George Carteret 1st Baronet (age 39) at St Helier, Jersey [Map] had Charles II (age 18) proclaimed King after his father Charles I was executed; an act that Charles II never forgot.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1660. Friday. In the morning Tom that was my Lord's footboy came to see me and had 10s. of me of the money which I have to keep of his. So that now I have but 35s. more of his. Then came Mr. Hills the instrument maker, and I consulted with him about the altering my lute and my viall. After that I went into my study and did up my accounts, and found that I am about; £40 beforehand in the world, and that is all. So to my office and from thence brought Mr. Hawly home with me to dinner, and after dinner wrote a letter to Mr Downing (age 35) about his business and gave it Hawly, and so went to Mr. Gunning's (age 46) to his weekly fast, and after sermon, meeting there with Monsieur L'Impertinent, we went and walked in the park till it was dark. I played on my pipe at the Echo, and then drank a cup of ale at Jacob's. So to Westminster Hall [Map], and he with me, where I heard that some of the members of the House were gone to meet with some of the secluded members and General Monk (age 51) in the City. Hence we went to White Hall, thinking to hear more news, where I met with Mr. Hunt, who told me how Monk had sent for all his goods that he had here into the City; and yet again he told me, that some of the members of the House had this day laid in firing into their lodgings at White Hall for a good while, so that we are at a great stand to think what will become of things, whether Monk will stand to the Parliament or no. Hence Mons L'Impertinent and I to Harper's, and there drank a cup or two to the King (age 29), and to his fair sister Frances good health, of whom we had much discourse of her not being much the worse for the smallpox, which she had this last summer.
John Evelyn's Diary. 17th February 1662. I went with my Lord of Bristol (age 49) to see his house at Wimbledon, Surrey, newly bought of the Queen-Mother (age 52), to help contrive the garden after the modern. It is a delicious place for prospect and the thickets, but the soil cold and weeping clay. Returned that evening with Sir Henry Bennett (age 44).
John Evelyn's Diary. 17th February 1662. This night was buried in Westminster Abbey [Map] the Queen of Bohemia (deceased), after all her sorrows and afflictions being come to die in the arms of her nephew, the King (age 31);
John Evelyn's Diary. 17th February 1662 ... also this night and the next day fell such a storm of hail, thunder, and lightning, as never was seen the like in any man's memory, especially the tempest of wind, being southwest, which subverted, besides huge trees, many houses, innumerable chimneys (among others that of my parlor at Sayes Court [Map]), and made such havoc at land and sea, that several perished on both. Divers lamentable fires were also kindled at this time; so exceedingly was God's hand against this ungrateful and vicious nation and Court.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1663. Coming home I brought Mr. Pickering as far as the Temple [Map], who tells me the story is very true of a child being dropped at the ball at Court; and that the King (age 32) had it in his closett a week after, and did dissect it; and making great sport of it, said that in his opinion it must have been a month and three hours old; and that, whatever others think, he hath the greatest loss (it being a boy, as he says), that hath lost a subject by the business. He tells me, too, that the other story, of my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 22) and Stuart's (age 15) marriage, is certain, and that it was in order to the King's coming to Stuart, as is believed generally. He tells me that Sir H. Bennet (age 45) is a Catholique, and how all the Court almost is changed to the worse since his coming in, they being afeard of him. And that the Queen-Mother's (age 53) Court is now the greatest of all; and that our own Queen (age 24) hath little or no company come to her, which I know also to be very true, and am sorry to see it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1663. And after much talk (among other things Mr. Montagu telling him that there was a fellow in the town, naming me, that had done ill offices, and that if he knew it to be so, he would have him cudgelled) my Lord did promise him that, if upon account he saw that there was not many tradesmen unpaid, he would sign the books; but if there was, he could not bear with taking too great a debt upon him. So this day he sent him an account, and a letter assuring him there was not above £200 unpaid; and so my Lord did sign to the Exchequer books. Upon the whole, I understand fully what a rogue he is, and how my Lord do think and will think of him for the future; telling me that thus he has served his father my Lord Manchester (age 61), and his whole family, and now himself: and which is worst, that he hath abused, and in speeches every day do abuse, my Chancellor (age 53), whose favour he hath lost; and hath no friend but Sir H. Bennet (age 45), and that (I knowing the rise of the friendship) only from the likeness of their pleasures, and acquaintance, and concernments, they have in the same matters of lust and baseness; for which, God forgive them! But he do flatter himself, from promises of Sir H. Bennet, that he shall have a pension of £2000 per annum, and be made an Earl.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1664. After dinner I took my wife again by coach (leaving Creed by the way going to Gresham College, of which he is now become one of the virtuosos) and to White Hall, where I delivered a paper about Tangier [Map] to my Lord Duke of Albemarle (age 55) in the council chamber, and so to Mrs. Hunt's to call my wife, and so by coach straight home, and at my office till 3 o'clock in the morning, having spent much time this evening in discourse with Mr. Cutler, who tells me how the Dutch deal with us abroad and do not value us any where, and how he and Sir W. Rider have found reason to lay aside Captain Cocke (age 47) in their company, he having played some indiscreet and unfair tricks with them, and has lost himself every where by his imposing upon all the world with the conceit he has of his own wit, and so has, he tells me, Sir R. Ford (age 50) also, both of whom are very witty men.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1664. Thence I to White Hall and there walked up and down talking with Mr. Pierce, who tells me of the King's giving of my Lord Fitz-Harding (age 34) two leases which belong indeed to the Queene (age 54), worth £20,000 to him; and how people do talk of it, and other things of that nature which I am sorry to hear. He and I walked round the Park with great pleasure, and back again, and finding no time to speak with my Lord of Albemarle (age 55), I walked to the 'Change [Map] and there met my wife at our pretty Doll's, and so took her home, and Creed also whom I met there, and sent her hose, while Creed and I staid on the 'Change [Map], and by and by home and dined, where I found an excellent mastiffe, his name Towser, sent me by a chyrurgeon.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1667. At home, by appointment, comes Captain Cocke (age 50) to me, to talk of State matters, and about the peace; who told me that the whole business is managed between Kevet, Burgomaster of Amsterdam, and my Lord Arlington (age 49), who hath, by the interest of his wife there, some interest. We have proposed the Hague, but know not yet whether the Dutch will like it; or; if they do, whether the French will. We think we shall have the help of the information of their affairs and state, and the helps of the Prince of Orange (age 16) his faction; but above all, that De Witt, who hath all this while said he cannot get peace, his mouth will now be stopped, so that he will be forced to offer fit terms for fear of the people; and, lastly, if France or Spayne do not please us, we are in a way presently to clap up a peace with the Dutch, and secure them. But we are also in treaty with France, as he says: but it must be to the excluding our alliance with the King (age 36) of Spayne or House of Austria; which we do not know presently what will be determined in. He tells me the Vice-Chamberlaine is so great with the King, that, let the Duke of York (age 33), and Sir W. Coventry (age 39), and this office, do or say what they will, while the King lives, Sir G. Carteret (age 57) will do what he will; and advises me to be often with him, and eat and drink with him.; and tells me that he doubts he is jealous of me, and was mighty mad to-day at our discourse to him before the Duke of York. But I did give him my reasons that the office is concerned to declare that, without money, the King's work cannot go on.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1667. Lord's Day. Up, and called at Michell's, and took him and his wife and carried them to Westminster, I landing at White Hall, and having no pleasure in the way 'con elle'; and so to the Duke's (age 33), where we all met and had a hot encounter before the Duke of York about the business of our payments at the Ticket Office, where we urged that we had nothing to do to be troubled with the pay, having examined the tickets. Besides, we are neglected, having not money sent us in time, but to see the baseness of my brethren, not a man almost put in a word but Sir W. Coventry (age 39), though at the office like very devils in this point. But I did plainly declare that, without money, no fleete could be expected, and desired the Duke of York to take notice of it, and notice was taken of it, but I doubt will do no good. But I desire to remember it as a most prodigious thing that to this day my Lord Treasurer (age 59) hath not consulted counsel, which Sir W. Coventry and I and others do think is necessary, about the late Poll act, enough to put the same into such order as that any body dare lend money upon it, though we have from this office under our hands related the necessity thereof to the Duke of York, nor is like to be determined in, for ought I see, a good while had not Sir W. Coventry plainly said that he did believe it would be a better work for the King (age 36) than going to church this morning, to send for the Atturney Generall (age 69) to meet at the Lord Treasurer's this afternoon and to bring the thing to an issue, saying that himself, were he going to the Sacrament, would not think he should offend God to leave it and go to the ending this work, so much it is of moment to the King and Kingdom. Hereupon the Duke of York said he would presently speak to the King, and cause it to be done this afternoon.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1667. They gone, by coach to my Lord Treasurer's (age 59), as the Duke of York (age 33) told me, to settle the business of money for the navy, I walked into the Court to and again till night, and there met Colonell Reames (age 53), and he and I walked together a great while complaining of the ill-management of things, whereof he is as full as I am. We ran over many persons and things, and see nothing done like men like to do well while the King (age 36) minds his pleasures so much. We did bemoan it that nobody would or had authority enough with the King to tell him how all things go to rack and will be lost.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1667. So parted, and I by water home and to dinner, W. Hewer (age 25) with us, a good dinner and-very merry, my wife and I, and after dinner to my chamber, to fit some things against: the Council anon, and that being done away to White Hall by water, and thence to my Chancellor's (age 57), where I met with, and had much pretty discourse with, one of the Progers's that knows me; and it was pretty to hear him tell me, of his own accord, as a matter of no shame, that in Spayne he had a pretty woman, his mistress, whom, when money grew scarce with him, he was forced to leave, and afterwards heard how she and her husband lived well, she being kept by an old fryer who used her as his whore; but this, says he, is better than as our ministers do, who have wives that lay up their estates, and do no good nor relieve any poor-no, not our greatest prelates, and I think he is in the right for my part.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1667. This evening, going to the Queen's (age 28) side to see the ladies, I did find the Queene (age 57), the Duchesse of York (age 29), and another or two, at cards, with the room full of great ladies and men; which I was amazed at to see on a Sunday, having not believed it; but, contrarily, flatly denied the same a little while since to my cozen Roger Pepys (age 49)? I did this day, going by water, read the answer to "The Apology for Papists", which did like me mightily, it being a thing as well writ as I think most things that ever I read in my life, and glad I am that I read it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1668. Thence to the Committee, where I did deliver the several things they expected from me, with great respect and show of satisfaction, and my mind thereby eased of some care. But thence I to Westminster Hall [Map], and there spent till late at night walking to and again with many people, and there in general I hear of the great high words that were in the House on Saturday last, upon the first part of the Committee's Report about the dividing of the fleete; wherein some would have the counsels of the King (age 37) to be declared, and the reasons of them, and who did give them; where Sir W. Coventry (age 40) laid open to them the consequences of doing that, that the King would never have any honest and wise men ever to be of his Council. They did here in the House talk boldly of the King's bad counsellors, and how they must be all turned out, and many of them, and better; brought in: and the proceedings of the Long-Parliament in the beginning of the war were called to memory: and the King's bad intelligence was mentioned, wherein they were bitter against my Lord Arlington (age 50), saying, among other things, that whatever Morrice's was, who declared he had but £750 a-year allowed him for intelligence, the King paid too dear for my Lord Arlington's, in giving him £10,000 and a barony for it. Sir W. Coventry did here come to his defence, in the business of the letter that was sent to call back Prince Rupert (age 48), after he was divided from the fleete, wherein great delay was objected; but he did show that he sent it at one in the morning, when the Duke of York (age 34) did give him the instructions after supper that night, and did clear himself well of it: only it was laid as a fault, which I know not how he removes, of not sending it by an express, but by the ordinary post; but I think I have heard he did send it to my Lord Arlington's; and that there it lay for some hours; it coming not to Sir Philip Honiwood's hand at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map] till four in the afternoon that day, being about fifteen or sixteen hours in going; and about this, I think, I have heard of a falling out between my Lord Arlington, heretofore, and W. Coventry. Some mutterings I did hear of a design of dissolving the Parliament; but I think there is no ground for it yet, though Oliver would have dissolved them for half the trouble and contempt these have put upon the King and his councils. The dividing of the fleete, however, is, I hear, voted a miscarriage, and the not building a fortification at Sheernesse [Map]: and I have reason every hour to expect that they will vote the like of our paying men off by ticket; and what the consequence of that will be I know not, but I am put thereby into great trouble of mind. I did spend a little time at the Swan [Map], and there did kiss the maid, Sarah.
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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th February 1669. Up, and with W. Hewer (age 27) with me to Lincoln's Inn, by appointment, to have spoke with Mr. Pedley about Mr. Goldsborough's business and Mr. Weaver's, but he was gone out, and so I with Mr. Castle (age 40), the son-in-law of Weaver, to White Hall to look for him, but did not find him, but here I did meet with several and talked, and do hear only that the King (age 38) dining yesterday at the Dutch Embassador's, after dinner they drank, and were pretty merry; and, among the rest of the King's company, there was that worthy fellow my Lord of Rochester (age 21), and Tom Killigrew (age 57), whose mirth and raillery offended the former so much, that he did give Tom Killigrew a box on the ear in the King's presence, which do much give offence to the people here at Court, to see how cheap the King makes himself, and the more, for that the King hath not only passed by the thing, and pardoned it to Rochester, Kent [Map] already, but this very morning the King did publickly walk up and down, and Rochester, Kent [Map] I saw with him as free as ever, to the King's everlasting shame, to have so idle a rogue his companion. How Tom Killigrew takes it, I do not hear. I do also this day hear that my Lord Privy Seale do accept to go Lieutenant into Ireland; but whether it be true or no, I cannot tell. So calling at my shoemaker's, and paying him to this day, I home to dinner, and in the afternoon to Colonel Middleton's house, to the burial of his wife, where we are all invited, and much more company, and had each of us a ring: and so towards evening to our church, where there was a sermon preached by Mills, and so home. At church there was my Lord Brouncker (age 49) and Mrs. Williams in our pew, the first time they were ever there or that I knew that either of them would go to church. At home comes Castle to me, to desire me to go to Mr. Pedly, this night, he being to go out of town to-morrow morning, which I, therefore, did, by Hackney-coach, first going to White Hall to meet with Sir W. Coventry (age 41), but missed him. But here I had a pleasant rencontre of a lady in mourning, that, by the little light I had, seemed handsome. I passing by her, I did observe she looked back again and again upon me, I suffering her to go before, and it being now duske. I observed she went into the little passage towards the Privy Water-Gate, and I followed, but missed her; but coming back again, I observed she returned, and went to go out of the Court. I followed her, and took occasion, in the new passage now built, where the walke is to be, to take her by the hand, to lead her through, which she willingly accepted, and I led her to the Great Gate, and there left her, she telling me, of her own accord, that she was going as far as, Charing Cross [Map]; but my boy was at the gate, and so je durst not go out con her, which vexed me, and my mind (God forgive me) did run apres her toute that night, though I have reason to thank God, and so I do now, that I was not tempted to go further.
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On 17th February 1680 Captain John Smith (age 18) and Mary Warner (age 17) were married at Purton. She the daughter of Augustine Warner (age 38).
John Evelyn's Diary. 17th February 1685. This morning his Ma* (age 51) restor'd the staffe and key to Lord Arlington (age 67), Chamberlaine; to Mr. Savell (age 43), Vice-chamberlaine; to Lords Newport (age 64) and Malnard (age 62), Treasurer and Comptroler of the Household; Lord Godolphin (age 39) made Chamberlaine to ye Queene (age 26); Lord Peterborow (age 63) Groome of ye Stole in place of the Earle of Bath (age 56); the Treasurer's staff to the Earle of Rochester (age 42); and his brother the Earle of Clarendon Lord Privie Seale in place of the Marquis of Halifax (age 51), who was made President of the Council; the Secretarys of State remaining as before.
John Evelyn's Diary. 17th February 1695. Called to London by Lord Godolphin (age 49), one of the Lords of the Treasury, offering me the treasurership of the hospital [Map] designed to be built at Greenwich for worn-out seamen.
On 17th February 1718 Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield (age 53) died. She a natural daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 17th February 1720 Victor Amadeus King Sardinia (age 53) was appointed King Sardinia. Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia (age 50) by marriage Queen Consort Sardinia.
After 17th February 1804. St Germans Priory [Map]. Memorial to Edward Craggs Eliot 1st Baron Eliot (deceased).
Edward Craggs Eliot 1st Baron Eliot: On 8th July 1727 he was born to Richard Eliot and Harriet Craggs. On 13th January 1784 Edward Craggs Eliot 1st Baron Eliot was created 1st Baron Eliot of St Germans in Cornwall. On 17th February 1804 Edward Craggs Eliot 1st Baron Eliot died. His son John succeeded 2nd Baron Eliot of St Germans in Cornwall.
On 8th February 1809 Brownlow Bertie 5th Duke Ancaster and Kesteven (age 79) died without male issue at Grimsthorpe, South Kesteven. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Swinstead [Map] on 17th February 1809. Duke Ancaster and Kesteven, Marquess Lindsay extinct. His third cousin Albermarle (age 64) succeeded 9th Earl Lindsey.
Sculpted by Richard Westmacott (age 33). A handsome white marble wall tablet in Grecian style depicting deceased and wife on a catafalque with mourning female figure, flanked by mother, children and angel. Above a scrolled cornice with Ducal coronet and palm. Beneath a rectangular inscription panel, flanked by scrolled brackets.
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 17th February 1875 Louise Glücksburg was born to Frederick VIII King of Denmark (age 31) and Louise of Sweden Queen Consort Denmark (age 23).
The London Gazette 25561. Master of the Horse's Office, Royal Mews, Pimlico, February 17, 1886, Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Honourable Charles Harbord (age 56) Baron Suffield, K.C.B., to be Master of Her Majesty's Buckhounds, in the room of the Right Honourable John Henry Delapoer (age 41), Marquis of Waterford, K.P., resigned.
On 17th February 1917 Lieutenant-Colonel Robert James Francis Meyricke (age 38) was killed in action at the Battle of Boom Ravine near Miraumont whilst rallying his men. He was buried at the Aveluy Communal Cemetery Extension, Somme, France.
Memorial to Lieutenant-Colonel Robert James Francis Meyricke and Major Rupert Chabbert Meyricke at St Laurence's Church, Ludlow [Map].
Lieutenant-Colonel Robert James Francis Meyricke: On 3rd January 1879 he was born to Robert Henry Meyricke and Katharine "Kate" Carswell Clerk at 7 Porchester Square, Bayswater. He was baptised on 17th February 1879 at In 1917 he was appointed Lieutenant Colonal in the 11th Battalion Royal Fusiliers attached to the 6th Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment.
Births on the 17th February
On 17th February 1490 Charles Bourbon III Duke Bourbon was born to Gilbert Bourbon Count of Monpensier (age 47) and Clara Gonzaga (age 25).
On 17th February 1519 Francis II Duke Guise was born to Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise (age 22) and Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise (age 26) at Bar le Duc.
On 17th February 1524 Cardinal Charles of Guise was born to Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise (age 27) and Antoinette Bourbon Duchess of Guise (age 31).
On 17th February 1529 Wilhelm Wittelsbach was born to William Wittelsbach IV Duke Bavaria (age 35) and Marie Jakobaea Baden Duchess Bavaria (age 21). Coefficient of inbreeding 1.61%.
On 17th February 1582 George Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg was born.
All About History Books
The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 17th February 1655 Helena Perceval was born to John Perceval 1st Baronet (age 25) and Catherine Southwell. She was born posthumously.
On 17th February 1674 Lady Mary Fane was born to Vere Fane 4th Earl of Westmoreland (age 29) and Rachel Bence Countess of Westmoreland.
On 17th February 1675 Anne Scott was born to James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch (age 25) and Anne Scott Duchess Monmouth and Buccleuch (age 24). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 17th February 1680 Katherine Shirley was born to Robert Shirley 1st Earl Ferrers (age 29) and Elizabeth Washington Baroness Ferrers Chartley.
On 17th February 1682 William Vane 1st Viscount Vane was born to Christopher Vane 1st Baron Barnard (age 28) and Elizabeth Holles Baroness Barnard.
On 17th February 1704 Johann August Saxe Coburg Altenburg was born to Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg (age 27) and Magdalena Augusta Anhalt Zerbst Anhaltzerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg at Gotha.
On 17th February 1706 Robert Hampden-Trevor 1st Viscount Hampden was born to Thomas Trevor 1st Baron Trevor Bromham (age 47) and Anne Welden (age 36). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.
On 17th February 1716 William Leveson-Gower was born to John Leveson-Gower 1st Earl Gower (age 21) and Evelyn Pierrepont Baroness Gower (age 25).
On 17th February 1716 Henry Howe 3rd Baron Chedworth was born to John Howe 1st Baron Chedworth.
On 17th February 1721 Mary Stafford Howard was born to William Stafford-Howard 2nd Earl Stafford (age 31) and Anne Holman Countess Stafford. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.29%.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 17th February 1728 Frederick Manners was born to John Manners 3rd Duke Rutland (age 31) and Bridget Sutton Duchess Rutland (age 28).
On 17th February 1746 John Knightley 1st Baronet was born to Valentine Knightley (age 27).
On 17th February 1755 Charles Manners-Sutton was born to George Manners-Sutton (age 31) and Diana Chaplin (age 24).
On 17th February 1763 George John Campbell was born to John Campbell 5th Duke Argyll (age 39) and Elizabeth Gunning Duchess Hamilton and Argyll (age 29).
On 17th February 1764 Louise Christine Caroline Oldenburg was born to Frederick Christian Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 42) and Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg.
On 17th February 1768 Augustus Cavendish-Bradshaw was born to Henry Cavendish 2nd Baronet (age 35) and Sarah Bradshaw 1st Baroness Waterpark (age 27).
On 17th February 1780 Frances Charlotte Dillon Lee Lady Webb was born to Charles Dillon Lee 12th Viscount Dillon (age 34) and Henrietta Maria Phipps (age 22). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 17th February 1801 Georgiana Grey was born to Charles Grey 2nd Earl Grey (age 36) and Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby Countess Grey (age 24).
On 17th February 1817 Emily Charlotte Mary Ponsonby was born to John Ponsonby 4th Earl Bessborough (age 35) and Maria Fane (age 30).
On 17th February 1821 Fulke Southwell Greville-Nugent 1st Baron Greville was born to Algernon Greville of North Lodge in Barnet (age 30) and Catherine Graham (age 35).
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 17th February 1831 Helen Duncombe was born to William Duncombe 2nd Baron Feversham (age 33) and Louisa Stewart Baroness Feversham Duncombe Park (age 27).
On 17th February 1839 Caroline Cecelia Edgecumbe Countess Revensworth and Mount Edgecumbe was born to George Edgecumbe (age 38) and Fanny Lucy Shelley (age 28).
On 17th February 1843 George Henry Hervey was born to Bishop Arthur Hervey (age 34).
On 17th February 1872 Charles Wyndham 3rd Baron Leconfield was born to Henry Wyndham 2nd Baron Leconfield (age 41) and Constance Evelyn Primrose Baroness Leconfield (age 25) at Petworth House.
On 17th February 1873 Sybil Lyttelton was born to George William Lyttelton 4th Baron Lyttelton (age 55) and Sybella Harriet Clive.
On 17th February 1873 Alexander George Thynne was born to John Alexander Thynne 4th Marquess of Bath (age 41) and Frances Isabella Catherine Vesey Marchioness Bath.
On 17th February 1875 Louise Glücksburg was born to Frederick VIII King of Denmark (age 31) and Louise of Sweden Queen Consort Denmark (age 23).
On 17th February 1891 Geoffrey Morton Eden 7th Baron Auckland was born to George Eden (age 29) and Amy Violet Hay-Drummond (age 23).
On 17th February 1906 George Fitz-Clarence 5th Earl Munster was born to Harold Edward Fitz-Clarence (age 35). He a great x 2 grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.
On 17th February 1918 Mabel Edith Fox-Strangways Viscountess Wimborne was born to Giles Fox-Strangways 6th Earl of Ilchester (age 43) and Helen Vane-Tempest-Stewart Countess Ilchester (age 41).
On 17th February 1962 John Michael Kennaway 6th Baronet was born to John Lawrence Kennaway 5th Baronet (age 28)
Marriages on the 17th February
On 17th February 1359 John Fitzalan 1st Baron Arundel Baron Maltravers (age 11) and Eleanor Maltravers 2nd Baroness Maltravers Baroness Arundel and Cobham (age 14) were married. He the son of Richard Fitzalan 3rd or 10th Earl of Arundel 8th Earl of Surrey (age 53) and Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Arundel and Surrey (age 40). They were fifth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.
On 17th February 1466 Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel (age 16) and Margaret Woodville Countess Arundel (age 12) were married. See Woodville Marriages. She the daughter of Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 61) and Jacquetta of Luxemburg Duchess Bedford (age 51). He the son of William Fitzalan 9th or 16th Earl of Arundel (age 48) and Joan Neville Countess Arundel.
On 17th February 1563 at Baynard's Castle [Map] a double wedding between two pairs of siblings, Talbot and Herbert, took place ...
Henry Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 25) and Catherine Talbot Countess Pembroke (age 13) were married. She the daughter of George Talbot 6th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 35) and Gertrude Manners Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford (age 38). He the son of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke (age 62) and Anne Parr Countess Pembroke. They were third cousin once removed.
Francis Talbot (age 11) and Anne Herbert (age 13) were married. She the daughter of William Herbert 1st Earl Pembroke and Anne Parr Countess Pembroke. He the son of George Talbot 6th Earl of Shrewsbury and Gertrude Manners Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford. They were third cousin once removed.
On 17th February 1610 James Ogilvy 1st Earl Findlater (age 15) and Elizabeth Leslie were married. She the daughter of Andrew Leslie 5th Earl Rothes (age 80). They were first cousin once removed.
On 17th February 1628 Humble Ward 1st Baron Ward of Birmingham Baron Dudley (age 14) and Frances Sutton 6th Baroness Dudley (age 16) were married.
All About History Books
The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 17th February 1639 Gervase Clifton 1st Baronet (age 51) and Jane Eyre Lady Clifton (age 19) were married. She by marriage Lady Clifton of Clifton in Nottinghamshire. The difference in their ages was 31 years.
On 17th February 1680 Captain John Smith (age 18) and Mary Warner (age 17) were married at Purton. She the daughter of Augustine Warner (age 38).
On 17th February 1700 James Rushout 2nd Baronet (age 24) and Arabella Vernon (age 30) were married.
On 17th February 1704 Francis Seymour-Conway 1st Baron Conway (age 24) and Mary Hyde were married. She the daughter of Lawrence Hyde 1st Earl Rochester (age 61) and Henrietta Boyle Countess Rochester. They were fourth cousin once removed.
On 17th February 1718 Anthony Grey 3rd Baron Lucas (age 22) and Mary Tufton Countess Gower were married. She the daughter of Thomas Tufton 6th Earl of Thanet (age 73) and Catherine Cavendish Countess Isle Thanet. He the son of Henry Grey 1st Duke Kent (age 47) and Jemima Crew Marchioness Kent (age 42). They were sixth cousins.
On 17th February 1735 Edmund Isham 6th Baronet (age 44) and Elizabeth Wood were married.
On 17th February 1739 James Dashwood 2nd Baronet (age 26) and Elizabeth Spencer Lady Dashwood (age 23) were married. She by marriage Lady Dashwood of Kirtlington Park in Oxfordshire. They had three sons and three daughters.
On 17th February 1761 Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Ailesbury (age 31) and Susanna Hoare Countess Ailesbury (age 28) were married. She by marriage Countess Ailesbury. He the son of George Brudenell 3rd Earl Cardigan and Elizabeth Bruce 3rd Countess Cardigan.
On 17th February 1807 William Bagot 2nd Baron Bagot (age 33) and Louisa Legge Baroness Bagot (age 19) were married. She by marriage Baroness Bagot of Bagot's Bromley in Staffordshire. She the daughter of George Legge 3rd Earl Dartmouth (age 51) and Frances Finch Countess Dartmouth (age 46). They were second cousin once removed.
On 17th February 1813 Frederick Collings Lukis (age 24) and Elizabeth Collings (age 21) were married. They had three daughters and six sons. They were first cousins.
On 17th February 1831 Alfred Harley 6th Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (age 22) and Eliza Nugent Countess of Oxford and Mortimer (age 25) were married. She the illegitmate daughter of George Nugent 1st Marquess Westmeath (age 45). He the son of Edward Harley 5th Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (age 57) and Jane Elizabeth Scott Countess of Oxford and Mortimer.
On 17th February 1841 Archibald William Montgomerie 13th Earl Eglinton (age 28) and Theresa Howe Newcomen (age 32) were married.
On 17th February 1903 Charles Joseph Thaddeus Dormer 14th Baron Dormer (age 38) and Caroline May Clifford Baroness Dormer were married.
On 17th February 1920 Captain Victor Malcolm Wombwell (age 26) and Sybil Rose Neumann Baroness Grimston were married. This marriage was annulled in 1921.
On 17th February 1920 John Albert William Spencer-Churchill 10th Duke of Marlborough (age 22) and Alexandra Mary Cadogan Duchess of Marlborough (age 19) were married at St Margaret's Church, Westminster [Map]. He the son of Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill 9th Duke of Marlborough (age 48) and Consuelo Vanderbilt Duchess of Marlborough (age 42).
On 17th February 1954 Christopher Beckett 4th Baron Grimthorpe (age 38) and Elizabeth Lumley Baroness Grimthorpe (age 28) were married. She the daughter of Roger Lumley 11th Earl of Scarbrough (age 57) and Katherine Isobel McEwen Countess Scarborough (age 54).
Deaths on the 17th February
On 17th February 1243 Richard Mór Burgh 1st Baron Connaught (age 49) died.
On 14th February 1400 (exact date not known) King Richard II (age 33) died at Pontefract Castle [Map] where he had been imprisoned three months before; possibly murdered, possibly starved to death. His death was a consequence of the Epiphany Rising; he was still considered a threat.
Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl March 7th Earl of Ulster (age 8) de jure Heir to the Throne of England since he was descended from Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 2nd Countess Ulster the daughter of Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence. The new King Henry IV (age 32) ignored his claim. Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl March 7th Earl of Ulster and his brother Roger Mortimer (age 6) were imprisoned in Windsor and Berkhamstead castles respectively; they were treated well.
On 17th February 1400 Richard's corpse was displayed at St Paul's Cathedral [Map].
On 6th March 1400 Richard's remains were buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map].
On 17th February 1461 the Lancastrian army defeated the Yorkist army at Second Battle of St Albans and rescued King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 39). The Lancastrian army was commanded by Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 30) and included Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland (age 39), John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 45), Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor (age 26), Henry Roos and Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby (age 33).
Thomas Ros 9th Baron Ros Helmsley (age 33), William Tailboys 7th Baron Kyme (age 46), John Talbot 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (age 12) and Thomas Tresham (age 41) were knighted.
The Yorkist army included Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 32), William Fitzalan 9th or 16th Earl of Arundel (age 43), John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock (age 61) and Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex (age 57). John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 30) was captured. Robert Poynings (age 42) and James Luttrell (age 34) were killed.
John Grey (age 29) was killed fighting for Lancaster. A death that was to have far reaching consequences; his widow Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 24) subsequently married King Edward IV of England (age 18).
During the battle William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville (age 68) and Thomas Kyriell (age 65) were assigned to the protection of the King Henry VI. After the battle both were beheaded against all decent laws of battle.
William Bonville 1st Baron Bonville was beheaded. His great granddaughter Cecily succeeded 2nd Baroness Bonville.
Thomas Kyriell was beheaded.
William Cotton (age 21) was killed.
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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 17th February 1485 Bernarde de Brosse Marquis Monferrat died.
On 17th February 1523 William Stourton 5th Baron Stourton (age 66) died without issue. He was buried in the St Peter's Church, Stourton. His brother Edward (age 60) succeeded 6th Baron Stourton.
On 17th February 1557 Henry Radclyffe 2nd Earl of Sussex (age 50) died. He was buried at St Lawrence Pountney Church. His son Thomas (age 32) succeeded 3rd Earl of Sussex, 3rd Viscount Fitzwalter, 12th Baron Fitzwalter. Frances Sidney Countess Sussex (age 26) by marriage Countess of Sussex.
On 17th February 1626 William Wittelsbach V Duke Bavaria (age 77) died. His son Maximilian (age 52) succeeded Maximillian I Duke Bavaria.
On 17th February 1633 Frances Walsingham Countess Essex (age 66) died.
On 17th February 1677 Robert Greville 4th Baron Brooke (age 38) died at Bath, Somerset [Map]. His brother Fulke (age 33) succeeded 5th Baron Brooke of Beauchamps Court in Warwickshire. Sarah Dashwood Baroness Brooke (age 31) by marriage Baroness Brooke of Beauchamps Court in Warwickshire.
On 17th February 1680 Denzil Holles 1st Baron Holles (age 80) died. His son Francis (age 53) succeeded 2nd Baron Holles.
On 17th February 1706 Edmund Fettiplace 2nd Baronet (age 51) died unmarried. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Swinbrook [Map]. His brother Charles (age 44) succeeded 3rd Baronet Fettiplace of Childrey in Berkshire.
On 17th February 1708 Edward Seymour 4th Baronet (age 75) died. His son Edward (age 47) succeeded 5th Baronet Seymour of Berry Pomeroy.
On 17th February 1711 Rachel Bence Countess of Westmoreland died.
On 17th February 1718 Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield (age 53) died. She a natural daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 17th February 1727 Richard Granville (age 48) died.
On 17th February 1729 John Ernest Saxe Coburg Saalfeld IV Duke Saxe Coburg Saalfeld (age 70) died. His son Christian (age 45) succeeded John IV Duke Saxe Coburg Saalfeld.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 17th February 1734 Robert Crichton (age 95) died at Wells, Somerset [Map].
On 17th February 1759 Charlotte Montagu Viscountess Torrington (age 54) died. She was buried at Bing Vault, All Saints Church, Southill.
On 17th February 1761 Jacob Bouverie 1st Viscount Folkestone (age 66) died. His son William (age 35) succeeded 2nd Viscount Folkestone, 2nd Baron Longford, 4th Baronet Bouverie of St Catherine Cree Church in London. Rebecca Alleyne Viscountess Folkestone (age 35) by marriage Viscountess Folkestone.
On 17th February 1770 William Morden aka Harbord 1st Baronet (age 74) died. His son Harbord (age 36) succeeded 2nd Baronet Harbord of Suffield in Norfolk. Mary Assheton Baroness Suffield by marriage Lady Harbord of Suffield in Norfolk.
On 17th February 1802 Janet "Queen of the Gypsies" Fall (age 85) died.
On 17th February 1804 Edward Craggs Eliot 1st Baron Eliot (age 76) died. His son John (age 42) succeeded 2nd Baron Eliot of St Germans in Cornwall.
On 8th February 1809 Brownlow Bertie 5th Duke Ancaster and Kesteven (age 79) died without male issue at Grimsthorpe, South Kesteven. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Swinstead [Map] on 17th February 1809. Duke Ancaster and Kesteven, Marquess Lindsay extinct. His third cousin Albermarle (age 64) succeeded 9th Earl Lindsey.
Sculpted by Richard Westmacott (age 33). A handsome white marble wall tablet in Grecian style depicting deceased and wife on a catafalque with mourning female figure, flanked by mother, children and angel. Above a scrolled cornice with Ducal coronet and palm. Beneath a rectangular inscription panel, flanked by scrolled brackets.
On 17th February 1831 Friedrich Wilhelm Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg (age 46) died. His son Karl (age 18) succeeded Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg.
On 17th February 1834 Thomas Clarges 4th Baronet (age 54) died unmarried. Baronet Clarges of St Martin's in the Fields in Middlesex extinct.
On 17th February 1845 Robert Grosvenor 1st Marquess Westminster (age 77) died at Eaton Hall, Cheshire [Map]. He was buried at Grosvenor Vault, St Mary's Church, Eccleston. His son Richard (age 50) succeeded 2nd Marquess Westminster, 3rd Earl Grosvenor, 9th Baronet Grosvenor of Eaton in Cheshire. Elizabeth Mary Leveson-Gower Marchioness Westminster (age 48) by marriage Marchioness Westminster.
On 17th February 1850 William Philipps 9th Baronet (age 55) died. His son Godwin (age 10) succeeded 10th Baronet Philips of Picton Castle.
On 17th February 1857 Godwin Philipps 10th Baronet (age 17) died unmarried. His fourth cousin James (age 64) succeeded 11th Baronet Philips of Picton Castle.
On 17th February 1890 William Eden 4th Baron Auckland (age 61) died. His son William (age 30) succeeded 5th Baron Auckland of West Auckland.
On 17th February 1898 Philip Sidney 2nd Baron De Lisle and Dudley (age 70) died. His son Philip (age 44) succeeded 3rd Baron De Lisle and Dudley, 4th Baronet Shelley-Sidney of Penshurst Place in Kent.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 17th February 1904 Henry Gerard Sturt 1st Baron Alington (age 78) died. His son Humphrey (age 44) succeeded 2nd Baron Alington. Feodorowna Yorke Baroness Alington (age 40) by marriage Baroness Alington.
On 17th February 1912 Jane Frances Booker Lady Molesworth died.
On 17th February 1917 Charles Auguste Émile Durand "Carolus Duran" (age 79) died.
On 17th February 1944 Thomas Edward Milborne-Swinnerton-Pilkington 12th Baronet (age 86) died. His son Arthur (age 45) succeeded 13th Baronet Milborne-Swinnerton-Pilkington of Stanley in Yorkshire.
On 17th February 1953 Ian Maitland 15th Earl of Lauderdale (age 62) died. His first cousin Alfred (age 48) succeeded 16th Earl Lauderdale, 16th Viscount Maitland, 16th Viscount Lauderdale, 11th Baronet Maitland of Ravelrig in Nova Scotia.
On 17th February 1956 Vivian Hugh Smith 1st Baron Bicester (age 88) died. His son Randal (age 58) succeeded 2nd Baron Bicester of Tusmore in Oxfordshire.
On 17th February 1963 George Josslyn L'Estrange Howard 11th Earl Carlisle (age 68) died. His son Charles (age 39) succeeded 12th Earl Carlisle.
On 17th February 1976 Thurstan Holland-Hibbert 4th Viscount Knutsford (age 87) died. His son Julian (age 55) succeeded 5th Viscount Knutsford of Knutsford in Cheshire, 5th Baron Knutsford of Knutsford in Cheshire, 6th Baronet Holland of Sandlebridge.
On 17th February 1978 Gerald Howard-Boteler Irby 9th Baron Boston (age 80) died. His son Timothy (age 38) succeeded 10th Baron Boston, 11th Baronet Irby of Whaplode and Boston.