The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Married to Two Siblings is in Marriages.
1501 Marriage of Arthur Tudor and Catherine of Aragon
1509 Marriage and Coronation of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon
Married to Two Siblings is the rare occurrence of a man marrying two sisters, or a woman marrying two brothers. The best know example, perhaps, is that of Catherine of Aragon Queen Consort England who married Prince Arthur Tudor and, eight years later, his younger brother King Henry VIII of England and Ireland.
On 12th March 1237 William Jülich IV Count Jülich [aged 27] and Margaret Guelders Countess Jülich were married. She by marriage Countess Jülich. He would, thirteen years later, marry her sister Richardis Guelders Countess Jülich [aged 22]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Gerard III Count Guelders and Margaret Reginar Countess Guelders. He the son of William Jülich III Count Jülich and Matilda Luxemburg Countess Jülich. They were third cousins. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.
Before January 1250 William Jülich IV Count Jülich [aged 40] and Richardis Guelders Countess Jülich [aged 35] were married. She by marriage Countess Jülich. He had previously married her sister Margaret Guelders Countess Jülich; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Gerard III Count Guelders and Margaret Reginar Countess Guelders. He the son of William Jülich III Count Jülich and Matilda Luxemburg Countess Jülich. They were third cousins. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.
Before 1361 Walter Ufford [aged 17] and Elizabeth Montagu Countess Suffolk [aged 16] were married. She would later marry his brother William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk [aged 22]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the son of Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk [aged 62] and Margaret Norwich Countess Suffolk [aged 74].
Around 1390 Thomas Stafford 3rd Earl Stafford [aged 22] and Anne of Gloucester Plantagenet Countess Eu and Stafford [aged 7] were married. She by marriage Countess Stafford. She would, eight years later marry his younger brother Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford [aged 11]; an example of a Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 34] and Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester [aged 24]. He the son of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford [aged 56]. They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 28th June 1398 Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford [aged 20] and Anne of Gloucester Plantagenet Countess Eu and Stafford [aged 15] were married. She by marriage Countess Stafford. She had, around eight years previously, married his brother Thomas Stafford 3rd Earl Stafford who had died in 1392; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester and Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester [aged 32]. He the son of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford [aged 64]. They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Before 22nd February 1452 William Douglas 8th Earl Douglas 2nd Earl Avondale [aged 27] and Margaret "Fair Lady of Galloway" Douglas Countess [aged 17] were married. She would later marry his younger brother James Douglas 9th Earl Douglas 3rd Earl Avondale [aged 26]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Archibald Douglas 2nd Duke Touraine and Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton [aged 44]. He the son of James "Gross" Douglas 7th Earl Douglas 1st Earl Avondale and Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale [aged 54]. They were first cousin once removed.
Before 1455 James Douglas 9th Earl Douglas 3rd Earl Avondale [aged 28] and Margaret "Fair Lady of Galloway" Douglas Countess [aged 19] were married. She by marriage Countess Douglas, Countess Avondale. She had previously married his brother William Douglas 8th Earl Douglas 2nd Earl Avondale; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Archibald Douglas 2nd Duke Touraine and Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton [aged 46]. He the son of James "Gross" Douglas 7th Earl Douglas 1st Earl Avondale and Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale [aged 56]. They were first cousin once removed.
In 1497 Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal [aged 27] and Isabella Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal [aged 27] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Portugal. Her first husband being his nephew Afonso Aviz.He would, three years later, marry her younger sister Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal [aged 15]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 44] and Isabella Queen Castile [aged 45]. They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
In 1500 Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal [aged 30] and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Portugal. She the younger sister of his first wife Isabella Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 47] and Isabella Queen Castile [aged 48]. They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 14th November 1501 Arthur Prince of Wales [aged 15] and Catherine of Aragon [aged 15] were married at St Paul's Cathedral [Map] by Archbishop Henry Deane assisted by William Warham Bishop of London [aged 51] and a further eighteen bishops. She wore a white satin dress with a farthingale and over her head wore a veil of fine silk trimmed with gold and pearls. She would, eight years later, marry his younger brother King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 10] - see Marriage and Coronation of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. She the daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 49] and Isabella Queen Castile [aged 50]. He the son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland [aged 44] and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England [aged 35]. They were half third cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Prince Henry who escorted her up the aisle and gave her away.
Cecily York Viscountess Welles [aged 32] bore the train, Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset [aged 24] was Chief Answerer.
Robert Radclyffe 1st Earl of Sussex [aged 18] and Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham [aged 23] attended.
Thomas Englefield was appointed Knight of the Bath.
Immediately after their marriage Arthur Prince of Wales and Catherine of Aragon resided at Tickenhill Manor, Bewdley [Map] for a month. Thereafter they travelled to Ludlow, Shropshire [Map].
On 11th June 1509, one month after the death of his father, Henry VIII [aged 17] and Catherine of Aragon [aged 23] were married at the Church of the Observant Friars, Greenwich [Map]. She had, eight years before, married his older brother Prince Arthur Tudor - see Marriage of Arthur Tudor and Catherine of Aragon. She the daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 57] and Isabella Queen Castile. He the son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England. They were half third cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 5th May 1543 Sigismund II King Poland [aged 22] and Elisabeth Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Poland [aged 16] were married. He would, ten years later, marry her younger sister Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Poland [aged 9]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 40] and Anne Jagiellon [aged 39].
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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After June 1549 Henry Neville 5th Earl of Westmoreland [aged 24] and Jane Cholmley Countess of Westmoreland [aged 31] were married. She by marriage Countess of Westmoreland. He would later marry her older sister Margaret Cholmley Countess of Westmoreland [aged 41]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the son of Ralph Neville 4th Earl of Westmoreland and Katherine Stafford Countess of Westmoreland [aged 50]. They were half fifth cousins.
On 30th July 1553 Sigismund II King Poland [aged 32] and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Poland [aged 19] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Poland. He had, ten years before, married her older sister Elisabeth Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Poland; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor [aged 50] and Anne Jagiellon.
In or after 1558 Henry Neville 5th Earl of Westmoreland [aged 33] and Margaret Cholmley Countess of Westmoreland [aged 50] were married. She by marriage Countess of Westmoreland. She the older sister of his first wife Jane Cholmley Countess of Westmoreland [deceased]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the son of Ralph Neville 4th Earl of Westmoreland and Katherine Stafford Countess of Westmoreland. They were half fifth cousins.
On 2nd August 1666 Alfonso VI King Portugal [aged 22] and Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal [aged 20] were married. She had arrived in Portugal on the same day. The marriage was not consummated. She subsequently married her brother-in-law Peter II King Portugal [aged 17] when he took control of the Portuguese throne; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She by marriage Queen Consort Portugal. She the daughter of Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours and Élisabeth Bourbon Vendôme. He the son of John IV King Portugal and Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal.
On 2nd April 1668 Peter II King Portugal [aged 18] and Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal [aged 21] were married. She had, two years before, married his older brother Alfonso VI King Portugal [aged 24] who he, Peter, had deposed; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours and Élisabeth Bourbon Vendôme. He the son of John IV King Portugal and Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal.
Before 1669 Edward Gage 1st Baronet [aged 51] and Bridget Feilding Lady Gage were married. She by marriage Lady Gage of Hengrave in Suffolk. He would, eleven years later, marry her sister Frances Feilding Lady Gage; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of George Feilding 1st Earl Desmond and Bridget Stanhope Countess Desmond [aged 53]. They were fifth cousin once removed.
In September 1669 John Washington [aged 37] and Anne Gerrard [aged 39] were married. He would, seven years later, marry her sister Frances Gerard [aged 39]; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 20th March 1676 John Washington [aged 44] and Frances Gerard [aged 46] were married. She the sister of his first wife Anne Gerrard; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
Before 1680 Edward Gage 1st Baronet [aged 62] and Frances Feilding Lady Gage were married. She by marriage Lady Gage of Hengrave in Suffolk. She the sister of his previous wife Bridget Feilding Lady Gage; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of George Feilding 1st Earl Desmond and Bridget Stanhope Countess Desmond [aged 64]. They were fifth cousin once removed.
Around 1700 Edward Phelips [aged 22] and Anne Phelips [aged 12] were married. He would, twenty years later, marry her sister Elizabeth Phelips; an example of Married to Two Siblings. They were first cousins.
Around 1720 Edward Phelips [aged 42] and Elizabeth Phelips were married. She the sister of his first wife Anne Phelips; an example of Married to Two Siblings and both of whom were his first cousin. They were first cousins.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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In 1764 Peyton Skipwith 7th Baronet [aged 23] and Anne Miller Lady Skipwith were married. He would later marry her sister Jean Miller Lady Skipwith; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 18th September 1768 Grand Duke Charles II of Mecklenburg Strelitz [aged 26] and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt [aged 16] were married. He would, six years later, marry her younger sister Princess Charlotte of Hesse-Darmstadt [aged 12]; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
28th September 1784 Grand Duke Charles II of Mecklenburg Strelitz [aged 42] and Princess Charlotte of Hesse-Darmstadt [aged 28] were married. She the sister of his first wife Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 25th September 1788 Peyton Skipwith 7th Baronet [aged 47] and Jean Miller Lady Skipwith were married. She, Anne, the sister of his first wife Anne Miller Lady Skipwith; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She by marriage Lady Skipwith of Prestwould in Leicestershire.
In 1804 John Duntze 2nd Baronet [aged 42] and Dorothea Carew were married. He would, four years later, marry her sister Elizabeth Carew; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
In 1808 John Duntze 2nd Baronet [aged 46] and Elizabeth Carew were married. She the sister of his first wife Dorothea Carew; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 7th August 1809 Henry St John-Mildmay 4th Baronet [aged 22] and Charlotte Bouverie were married. He would later marry her sister Harriett Bouverie Countess Camden [aged 18]; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 25th July 1814 Henry Somerset 7th Duke Beaufort [aged 22] and Georgiana Frederica Fitzroy [aged 21] were married at Upper Brook Street. Following her death in 1821 he would marry her younger half-sister Emily Frances Smith Duchess Beaufort [aged 14]. An example of a man marrying two sisters, albeit in this case half-sisters. He the son of Henry Charles Somerset 6th Duke Beaufort [aged 47] and Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower Duchess Beaufort [aged 43]. They were fourth cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
In 1815 Henry St John-Mildmay 4th Baronet [aged 27] and Harriett Bouverie Countess Camden [aged 24] were married. She the sister of his first wife Charlotte Bouverie; an example of Married to Two Siblings. Further, his brother Paulet St John-Mildmay [aged 23] had two years before, in 1813, marry Anna Maria Wyndham Bouverie, sister of Harriet and Charlotte; Marriage of Two Sets of Siblings. Further still, Harriet, Charlotte and Anna Maria's first cousin William Pleydell-Bouverie 3rd Earl Radnor [aged 35] married Henry and Paulet's sister Judith [aged 24].
On 29th June 1822 Henry Somerset 7th Duke Beaufort [aged 30] and Emily Frances Smith Duchess Beaufort [aged 22] were married. She being the younger half-sister of his first wife Georgiana Frederica Fitzroy both of whom's mother was Anne Wellesley [aged 54] sister of Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke Wellington [aged 53]. An example of a man marrying two sisters, albeit in this case half-sisters. He the son of Henry Charles Somerset 6th Duke Beaufort [aged 55] and Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower Duchess Beaufort [aged 51].
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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On 25th May 1839 John James Waldegrave and Frances Braham Countess Waldegrave [aged 18] were married. She would, a year later, marry his legitimate half-brother George Edward Waldegrave 7th Earl Waldegrave [aged 23]; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the illegitmate son of John James Waldegrave 6th Earl Waldegrave.
On 28th September 1840 George Edward Waldegrave 7th Earl Waldegrave [aged 24] and Frances Braham Countess Waldegrave [aged 19] were married at Gretna Green, Dumfrieshire thereby avoiding the constraint of the 1835 Marriage Act. He being the legitimate younger brother of her first husband John James Waldegrave; an example of Married to Two Siblings. He the son of John James Waldegrave 6th Earl Waldegrave.
In November 1875 William Holman Hunt [aged 48] and Marion Edith Waugh [aged 28] were married at Neuchâtel, Switzerland since marrying your late wife's sister was illegal in England - see 1835 Marriage Act. She his first wife's younger sister contrary to English Law; an example of Married to Two Siblings. His brother-in-law Thomas Woolner [aged 49] considered the marriage immoral; they never spoke again.
On 9th January 1862 John O'Connor [aged 31] and Ellen Fairburn were married at Islington Parish Church. She the half-sister of his first wife Ann Butler Fairburn who had died two years before. The had two sons: Henry, born 1862, and Joseph William, born 1864.
On 28th December 1865 William Holman Hunt [aged 38] and Fanny Waugh [aged 32] were married at Christ Church Paddington. William Michael Rossetti [aged 36], and her brother and sister George and Emily were witnesses. She, Fanny, would die the following year eight days short of their anniversary. He would, ten years later, marry her younger sister Marion Edith Waugh [aged 18]; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 30th June 1879 John Collier [aged 29] and Marian "Mady" Huxley [aged 20] were married. They had one child. He would marry her sister Emma aka Ethel Huxley [aged 13] ten years later; Married to Two Siblings.
In 1889 John Collier [aged 38] and Emma aka Ethel Huxley [aged 23] were married in Norway; marriage to a former wife's sister being illegal in England at the time. She the sister of his late wife Marian "Mady" Huxley; Married to Two Siblings.
On 16th January 1892 James Reginald Graham [aged 28] and Florence Rose Wood Lady Graham were married. She would, thirty-five years later, marry his younger brother Richard James Graham 4th Baronet [aged 33]; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 26th April 1892 Henry FitzWalter Plumptre 20th Baron FitzWalter [aged 31] and Maude Dora Gertrude Baird [aged 26] were married. He would, eighteen years later, marry her older sister Emily Harriett Jemima Baird [aged 30]; an example of Married to Two Siblings.
On 1st February 1908 Henry FitzWalter Plumptre 20th Baron FitzWalter [aged 47] and Emily Harriett Jemima Baird [aged 46] were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. She being the older sister of his previous wife Maude Dora Gertrude Baird; an example of Married to Two Siblings. Marriage to your later wife's sister had recently become legal - see Deceased Wife's Sister's Marriage Act 1907.
In July 1913 Lionel Francis Crane [aged 37] and Gertrude Sandes [aged 41] were married. an example of Married to Two Siblings - following her death in 1920 he married her sister Winifred Gertrude Sandes [aged 42]. She the illegitmate daughter of Frederick Sandes and Mary Emma Jones aka "Miss Clive" [aged 68]. He the son of Walter Crane [aged 67] and Mary Frances Andrews [aged 67].
On 12th March 1917 George Wellesley [aged 27] and Louise FitzGerald [aged 28] were married in New York. She was the widow of his older brother Richard Wellesley who had been killed in 1914; Married to Two Siblings. He the son of Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington [aged 67] and Kathleen Emily Bulkeley Williams Duchess Wellington [aged 68].
Louise FitzGerald: On 8th January 1889 she was born. On 30th April 1901 Richard Wellesley and she were married. They had two daughters. He the son of Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington and Kathleen Emily Bulkeley Williams Duchess Wellington. On 21st February 1946 she died.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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In 1921 Lionel Francis Crane [aged 44] and Winifred Gertrude Sandes [aged 49] were married. an example of Married to Two Siblings - he had previously been married to her sister Gertrude Sandes who had died in 1920. She the illegitmate daughter of Frederick Sandes and Mary Emma Jones aka "Miss Clive". He the son of Walter Crane and Mary Frances Andrews.
On 1st January 1927 Richard James Graham 4th Baronet [aged 68] and Florence Rose Wood Lady Graham were married. She the widow of his younger brother James Reginald Graham; an example of Married to Two Siblings.