The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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1281 Marriage of King John of Scotland and Isabella Warenne
1292 Coronation of King John Balliol of Scotland
1332 Battle of Wester Kinghorn
1356 Edward Balliol surrenders his claim to be King Scotland
On 9th February 1281 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland and [his mother] Isabella Warenne were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] John Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey and [his grandmother] Alice Lusignan Countess of Surrey.
Around 1283 King Edward I of Scotland was born to [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland and [his mother] Isabella Warenne.
On 30th November 1292 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland was crowned I King Scotland at Scone Abbey.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough. We, therefore, in willing agreement with the praiseworthy intentions of the said king [[his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland] in this matter, so that the alliance of this confederation and the fruitful bond of friendship may flourish the more fervently and endure the more firmly, being founded on better auspices and bound by stronger ties, it has been done, agreed, and concluded between us, with the will and consent of our dearest brother and faithful companion, Charles, Count of Valois and Anjou, and the aforesaid procurators, acting in the name of the said king by authority of their commission, that a marriage shall be contracted between Edward, the firstborn son of the said king, who by express agreement made with the above-mentioned procurators is to succeed the king in the kingdom of Scotland and in his other lands, and Joan, the firstborn daughter of our said brother.
Nos itaque ipsius regis votis laudabilibus in hac parte grato concurrentes animo, ut hujusmodi confoederationis affinitas et amicitiæ fructuosus contractus eo ferventius vigeat, stabiliusque perduret, quo melioribus firmatus auspiciis, nexuque constrictus fuerit fortiori; actum, conventum, et concordatum extitit inter nos, de voluntate et assensu carissimi germani et fidelis nostri Caroli Valesiæ et Andegavensis comitis, et procuratores prædictos, procuratorio nomine dicti regis, quod inter Edwardum, primogenitum filium regis ejusdem, futurum regem Scotiæ, et qui per conventionem expressam habitam cum procuratoribus antedictis successurus est eidem regi in regno Scotia et aliis terris suis, et Johannam primogenitam filiam germani nostri prædicti, matrimonium contrahetur.
On 27th April 1296 Battle of Dunbar was fought between [his grandfather] John Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey and [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland, his son in law. John Strathbogie 9th Earl Atholl and John Comyn 3rd Earl Buchan were captured. The English routed the disorganised Scots in a single charge. Few died; many were captured.
Patrick de Graham Lord of Kincardine was killed.
On 25th November 1314 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland died at Château de Hélicourt.
On 6th August 1332 a Scottish army led by Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife and Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale unsuccessfully attempted to oppose the forces of King Edward I of Scotland landing near Kinghorn, Fife at a skirmish known as the Battle of Wester Kinghorn. Alexander Seton the Younger was killed.
On 12th August 1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between the supporters of the infant King David II of Scotland, son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland, supported by the English. The Bruce army included Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale and Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar. The Balliol army included David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl, Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford, Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred and Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny. The battle is notable for being the first to use dismounted men-at-arms supported by archers; a formation that would bring repeated success to the English both in Scotland and France.
Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale was killed leading a charge.
Nicholas Hay was killed.
Thomas Randolph 2nd Earl Moray was killed. John Randolph 3rd Earl of Moray succeeded 3rd Earl Moray.
Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar was killed.
After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland stayed at Brough Castle.
After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland stayed at Brougham Castle.
After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland stayed at Appleby Castle.
After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland stayed at Pendragon Castle, Cumberland.
On 24th September 1332 King Edward I of Scotland was crowned I King Scotland at Scone.
On 16th December 1332 the Battle of Annan Moor was fought between the supporters of the seven year old King David II of Scotland, son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland, supported by the English. The Bruce army, led by, Archibald Douglas, supported by John Randolph 3rd Earl of Moray and King Robert II of Scotland surprised King Edward I of Scotland and his supporters at Annan and threw them out of Scotland.
On 25th March 1333 the Battle of Dornock was fought between the supporters of the seven year old King David II of Scotland, son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland, supported by the English, commanded by Ralph Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland. The English army quickly overwhelmed the Scottish force. William "Flower of Chivalry and Knight Liddesdale" Douglas 1st Earl Atholl was captured and spent two years in prison.
On 19th July 1333 King Edward I of Scotland was restored I King Scotland.
In 1334 King Edward I of Scotland was deposed I King Scotland.
On 30th November 1335 David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl was killed during the Battle of Culblean. David IV Strathbogie 12th Earl Atholl succeeded 12th Earl Atholl, 3rd Baron Strabolgi.
Whilst small the battle had a significant impact insofar as it brought an end to the campaign of King Edward III of England also ending the aspirations to the Scottish throne of King Edward I of Scotland.
On 20th January 1356 King Edward I of Scotland surrendered his claim to the Scottish throne to King Edward III of England in the presence of William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby in exchange for an English pension.
In January 1364 King Edward I of Scotland died at Wheatley Doncaster.