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Westminster Chronicle of King Richard II, 1381-1394
The Westminster Chronicle is one of the most vivid and important narrative sources for the reign of Richard II. Written by an anonymous chronicler closely connected with Westminster Abbey, it covers the years 1381 to 1394, from the Peasants’ Revolt to the political tensions, court ceremonies, diplomatic negotiations, royal progresses, and public crises of Richard’s later reign. Rich in detail the chronicle records major events such as the conflicts between the King and Lords Appellant, King and the City of London, negotiations with France and Scotland, the death and funeral of Queen Anne of Bohemia, the illness of Charles VI of France, and the changing fortunes of leading nobles including John of Gaunt, Thomas of Gloucester, Robert de Vere, and the Earl of Arundel. The Chronicle offers readers a remarkable window into late fourteenth-century England, combining political observation, courtly spectacle, urban drama, ecclesiastical affairs, and moral judgement. It is an essential source for anyone interested in medieval monarchy, London, Westminster, and the troubled reign of Richard II.
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Paternal Family Tree: Welf
Around 803 Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia was born to Welf and Hedwig Saxony.
In 813 [her future father-in-law] Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine and the Franks [aged 35] succeeded I King of the Franks. [her sister] Judith of Bavaria Queen Consort of Aquitaine and the Franks [aged 16] by marriage Queen Consort Franks.
In 815 [her future brother-in-law] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor [aged 20] succeeded King Bavaria.
In 821 [her future brother-in-law] Lothair Holy Roman Emperor [aged 26] and Ermengarde Tours Queen Consort Bavaria Queen Consort Middle Francia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Bavaria. Holy Roman Emperor. He the son of [her future father-in-law] Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine and the Franks [aged 43] and Ermengarde Hesbaye Queen Consort Aquitaine.
In 822 [her future brother-in-law] Pepin I King Aquitaine [aged 25] and Ingeltrude Madrie Queen Consort Aquitaine were married. He the son of [her future father-in-law] Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine and the Franks [aged 44] and Ermengarde Hesbaye Queen Consort Aquitaine.
Around 825 [her father] Welf died.
In or before 828 Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 23] and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 24] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort East Francia. He the son of Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine and the Franks [aged 49] and Ermengarde Hesbaye Queen Consort Aquitaine.
In 828 [her daughter] Hildegard Carolingian was born to [her husband] Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 24] and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 25].
In 829 [her son] Carloman King Bavaria was born to [her husband] Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 25] and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 26]. He married Liutswind Unknown Queen Consort Bavaria.
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William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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Around 832 [her daughter] Ermengard Carolingian was born to [her husband] Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 28] and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 29].
After 833 [her mother] Hedwig Saxony died.
In 835 [her son] Louis "Younger" King Saxony King Bavaria was born to [her husband] Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 31] and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 32]. He married Liutgard Saxony Queen Consort Bavaria, daughter of Liudolf Saxony Duke Saxony, and had issue.
On 13th June 839 [her son] Charles "Fat" King East Francia Holy Roman Emperor III King West Francia King Aquitaine was born to [her husband] Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 35] and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 36]. He married Richgard Unknown Holy Roman Empress.
In 856 [her daughter] Hildegard Carolingian [aged 28] died.
On 16th July 866 [her daughter] Ermengard Carolingian [aged 34] died.
In 876 [her husband] Louis "German" II King East Francia [aged 72] died. His son Carloman [aged 47] succeeded King Bavaria.
In 876 Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia [aged 73] died.
[her daughter] Gisela Carolingian was born to Louis "German" II King East Francia and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia.
[her daughter] Bertha Carolingian was born to Louis "German" II King East Francia and Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia.
[her father] Welf and [her mother] Hedwig Saxony were married.
Father: Welf
Hemma Welf Queen Consort East Francia
Grandfather: Isambart "The Saxon" Saxony
Mother: Hedwig Saxony