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On this Day in History ... 6th July

06 Jul is in July.

1189 Death of King Henry II

1450 Jack Cade's Rebellion

1483 Coronation of Richard III

1535 Execution of Bishop Fisher and Thomas More

1537 Bigod's Rebellion

1553 Death of King Edward VI

1586 Babington Plot

1641 Battle of La Marfée

1660 July Creation of Peerages

1685 Battle of Sedgemoor

1758 Battle of Carillon

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 6th July

On 6th July 1189 King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 56) died at Chinon Castle [Map]. William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex Count Aumale was present. He was buried at Fontevraud Abbey [Map]. His son Richard (age 31) succeeded I King of England.

The History of William Marshal 1189 Death of King Henry II.
Li reis Henriz a Chinon vint,King Henry came to Chinon [Map],
Mais tels damages i avintBut such misfortunes happened there9040
Que puis n'i out bien ne delitThat afterwards there was neither good nor pleasure there
Ne puis ne leva de son lit.Nor did he rise from his bed again.
Malades jut el lit mortal:Ill he lay in mortal bed:
Si'n soufrirent ennui e malSo they suffered distress and pain
E grant dolor cil qui I'amérent,And great sorrow those who loved him,9045
& qui ovecques lui i érent.And those who were with him there.
E nequedent molt volt saveirAnd nevertheless he greatly wanted to know
& molt volt en escrit aveirAnd greatly wanted to have in writing
Cels qui érent ses contrempris,Those who were his adversaries,
E qu'en eüst les nons apris.And that he might have found out their names.9050
A mestre Rog. Malchael,To master Roger Malchael,
Qui lores portout son seel,Who then carried his seal,
Dist k'il alast sanz demoranceHe said that he should go without delay
A Tors de si qu'al rei de France,To Tours to the king of France,
Que li feist en escrit metre,That he should have written down,9055
Si comme li plout a prametre,As it pleased him to promise,
Toz cels qui érent ses empris,All those who were his adversaries,
Tant que lor nons eüst apris.So that he might have learned their names.
Maistre Roger issi le fist:Master Roger did it so:
A Tors ala e si escristHe went to Tours and thus listed9060
Trestoz cels qui empris esteientAll those who were committed
Al rei de France e li aveientTo the king of France and had
Pramis a aidier de sa guerrePromised to help in his war
Encontre le rei d'Engletere.Against the king of England.
Maistre Roger issi le fistMaster Roger did it thus9065
Com li rei commanda e dist.The king commanded and said.
Ci ne deit aveir demorance:Here there should be no delay:
Revenuz fu del rei de FranceHe returned from the king of France
Maistre Roger devant le rei;Master Roger before the king;
E il li dist ke en segreiAnd he told him that in secret9070
Li recontast qui cil esteientHe recounted who those were
Qui chartres bailliées aveientWho had given charters
En lor seels al rei de FranceWith their seals to the king of France
Contre lui e en sa nuisance.Against him and to his detriment.
E cil en suspirant li dist:And he sighing said to him:9075
"Sire, si m'ait Jhesu Crist,"Sire, so help me if Jesus Christ,
"Li premiers qui est ci escriz,"The first one who is written here,
"C'est li quens Johan vostre fiz.""It is count John (age 22) your son."

Life of Archbishop Geoffrey of York Chapter 5. [6th July 1189] Having done that, because, "Pale death strikes the shacks of paupers and the towers of kings with the same foot," [Horace, Odes 1.4.13] the king [King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 56)], finally succumbing to the sickness, breathed forth his spirit.

And just as a poor man stands out among such great wealth, just so at the end he was without ring, scepter, crown and nearly everything which is fitting for royal funeral rites; and many other things, which could be introduced as an example for all, the book "On the Instruction of a Prince", which this studious soul had proposed to write for a later age and precaution alike, describes diligently.

And then the body of the king was carried to Fontevrault [Map], the son attending the funeral procession along the way on foot, sometimes ahead and sometimes behind, when the body was placed in the church, behold Count Richard of Poitou, the oldest of the legitimate sons still living and the heir, at once came in. And when he entered the church and approached the body, the face of his father, having been denuded of the napkin with which it had been covered, was plainly visible. Which, when it appeared to all, just as if colored and with its usual fierceness, the count, not without growling of flesh and horror before the body, dropping to his knees in prayer for a little while, remained for scarcely an hour of Sunday prayer. But as soon as he had entered the church, just as those who were present maintain, both of the king’s nostrils emitted drops of blood; so much that those seated nearby and the attendants of the body had to wipe clean its mouth and face and wash them several times.

Instruction for a Ruler Book 3 Chapter 26. 6th July 1189, Therefore, with these things having been completed in this manner, the king (age 56) had himself carried to the castle of Chinon [Map]; where, his health worsening on Thursday, and having taken to his bed on the seventh day, on that day which physicians call critical, he was lethally struck down, repeating, indeed multiplying, these words, which the intensity of his thoughts, both of the illness and of the pain as well as indignation, extorted from him, because the mouth speaks from the abundance of the heart, 'Oh, the shame of a defeated king! Oh, the shame!' he struggled in his final moments. And thus, finally, among such wretched cries, the very herald of his own disgrace, he expired, overwhelmed and oppressed more than ended by natural death. From this, it is clear that the higher one is elevated by prosperity, the more forcefully they are cast down; and the more the bow is bent back, the more powerfully the arrow is propelled forward.

His igitur in hunc modum exactis, ad Chinonense castrum se rex deferri fecit; ubi invalescente valetudine feria quinta, et a qua decubuit septima, die videlicet quem physici criticum vocant, letaliter correptus, hæc ingeminando immo multiplicando verba, quae de reliquiis cogitationum vehementia tam morbi quam doloris pariter et indignationis extorsit, quoniam ex abundantia cordis os loqui solet, "Proh pudor de rege victo! proh pudor!" in extremis laboravit. Et sic demum inter aerumnosas hujusmodi voces, propria praco confusionis, exspiravit, obrutusque magis et oppressus quam naturali morte finitus occubuit. Ex quo patet quod, quanto [quis] secundis altius elevatur, tanto impetuosius ad imum demittitur; quantoque arcus magis retro curvatur, tanto sagitta fortius in anteriora propellitur.

Chronicle of Roger de Hoveden. [6th July 1189] Surprised at this beyond measure, he [King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 56)] came to Chinon [Map], and, touched with grief at heart, cursed the day on which he was born, and pronounced upon his sons the curse of God and of himself, which he would never withdraw, although bishops and other religious men frequently admonished him so to do. Being sick even unto death, he ordered himself to be carried into the church, before the altar, and there devoutly received the communion of the body and blood of Christ; and after confessing his sins, and being absolved by the bishop and clergy, he departed this life in the thirty-fifth year of his reign, on the octave of the Apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul, being the fifth day of the week; after a reign of thirty-four years, seven months, and four days.

After his death, having plundered him of all his riches, all forsook him, so true it is that just as flies seek honey, wolves the carcass, and ants corn, this crew followed not the man, but his spoils. At last however, his servants returned, and buried him with royal pomp. On the day after his death, when he was being carried out for burial in the Church of the Nuns at Fontevraud [Map], earl Richard, his son and heir, came to meet him, and, smitten with compunction, wept bitterly; immediately on which the blood flowed in streams from the nostrils of the body at the approach of his son. His son, however, proceeded with the body of his father to the abbey of Fontevraud [Map], and there buried him in the choir of the Nuns, and thus it was that he was "among the veiled women as one wearing the veil."

Chronicle of Benedict of Peterborough. [6th July 1189] Now the king of England, Henry, died in the year from the Incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ 1289, in the month of July, on the day before the Nones of that same month, in the octave of the apostles Peter and Paul, on the 19th day of the moon, on a Thursday, at Chinon. And he was buried at Fontevraud, in the abbey there of nuns serving God.

On the day after his death, as he was being carried to burial dressed in royal attire, wearing a golden crown on his head, gloves on his hands, a golden ring on his finger, a scepter in his hand, shoes woven with gold, and spurs on his feet, girded with a sword, he lay with his face uncovered. When this was reported to his son, Count Richard, he came quickly to meet him. And as he arrived, immediately blood flowed from the nostrils of the dead king, as if his spirit were angered at his coming. Then the said count, weeping and wailing, accompanied the body of his father as far as Fontevraud [Map], and there had it buried.

Obiit autem rex Angliæ Henricus, anno ab Incarna- tione Domini nostri Jesu Christi MCLXXXIX, mense Julii, pridie nonas ejusdem mensis, in octavis apostolorum Petri et Pauli, Luna xix, feria quinta, apud Chinonem. Et sepultus est apud Fontem Eboraudi, in abbatia ibidem Deo servientium monialium.

In crastino autem obitus illius, cum portaretur ad sepeliendum vestitus regio apparatu, gestans coronam auream in capite, et habens chirothecas [in] manus et annulum aureum in digito, et sceptrum in manu, et calceamenta auro texta, et calcaria in pedibus, cinctus gladio, jacebat habens vultum discoopertum. Quod cum nunciatum esset Ricardo comiti filio suo, festinanter venit obviam ei. Et illo superveniente, statim ma- navit sanguis de naribus regis defuncti, ac si indignaretur spiritus ejus de adventu illius. Tum prædictus comes flens et ejulans, processit cum corpore patris sui usque ad Fontem Eboraudi, et ibi illud sepeliri fecit.

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On 6th July 1249 King Alexander II of Scotland (age 50) died at Kerrera. He was buried at Melrose Abbey, Melrose. His son Alexander (age 7) succeeded King Scotland.

On 6th July 1320 Charles I King Hungary (age 32) and Elisabeth Unknown Queen Consort Hungary were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Hungary. He the son of Charles Martel King Hungary and Clementia Habsburg.

On 6th July 1402 Louis Wittelsbach III Elector Palatine (age 24) and Blanche Lancaster Elector Palatinate (age 10) were married. She the daughter of King Henry IV of England (age 35) and Mary Bohun. He the son of Rupert King Germany (age 50).

Chronicle of Gregory. 6th July 1450. And uppon the morowe by tymys came my lord the Cardynalle of Yorke (age 70), and my Lord of Cauntyrbury, and the Byschoppe of Winchester (age 52), and they tretyde by twyne the Lord Schalys (age 53) and that captayne, that the sore conflycte and skarmasche was sessyde, ande gaffe the captayne and his mayne a generalle chartoure for him and for alle his company in his name, callyng him selfe John Mortymere, and thoroughe that mene they were i-voydyde the moste partye. And the vj day aftyr that, the Satyr-daye at evyn 3 the iij heddys were takyn downe of London Brygge, that is to say, the Lord Say (deceased) is hedde, Crowmers (deceased), and the Bayleyes, and the othyr ij [2] heddys sette uppe a-yenne that stode a-pon London Brygge be-fore, and the body whythe hedde were i-burydde at the Gray Fryers at London.

On 6th July 1483 King Richard III of England (age 30) and his wife Anne Neville (age 27) were crowned by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 65) at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Anne Neville Queen Consort England by marriage Queen Consort England. Duke Gloucester merged with the Crown.

John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 58) was appointed Lord High Steward. William Brandon (age 58), Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel (age 33), Thomas St Leger (age 43), Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby (age 50), Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 46), Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 39), Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney (age 32) and Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 59) attended.

Robert Dymoke (age 22) attended as the Kings' Champion.

Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent (age 66) carried The Pointed Sword of Justice. Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (age 40) carried the Crown. Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell (age 27) carried the Third Sword of State. John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 40) carried the Sceptre. John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 21) carried the Cross and Ball. Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham (age 28) carried the king's train. Edward Stafford 2nd Earl Wiltshire (age 13) bore the Queen's Crown.

Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby (age 48) carried the Lord High Constable's Mace. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 40) held Queen Anne's train. Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland (age 34) carried The Blunt Sword of Mercy. Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby (age 30) was appointed Knight of the Bath.

Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland attended.

Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 68) refused to attend the Coronation of Richard III. History doesn't record her reason.

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Croyland Chronicle 1483. [6th July 1483]. After these events, the said Richard, duke of Gloucester, having summoned Thomas, the cardinal archbishop of Canterbury, for the purpose, was on the sixth day of the month of July following, anointed and crowned king, at the conventual church of Saint Peter at Westminster, and, on the same day and place, his queen, Anne, received the crown. From this day forward, as long as he lived, this man was styled King Richard, the Third of that name from the Conquest.

On 6th July 1535 Thomas More (age 57) was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map].

Wriothesley's Chronicle. 1st July 1535. This yeare allso, the first day of Julie, beinge Thursdaye, Sir Thomas More (age 57), knight, sometyme Chauncellor of England, was death, arreigned at Westminster for highe treason and there condemned,c and the Tuesday after, beinge the 6th of Julie, he was beheaded at the Tower Hill, and his bodie was buried within the chappell in the Tower of London [Map], and his head was sett on London Bridge. The effect of his death was for the same causse that the Bishopp of Rochester (deceased) died for.d

Note c. The interrogatories and answers of Sir Thomas More and Bishop Fisher will he found printed in the first rolume of State Papers, pp. 431-6.

Note d. For refusing to subscribe the new Oath of Supremacy as enacted hy the last parliament "This Act," said Sir Thomas More, "is like a sword with two edges, for if a man answer one way it will destroy the soul, and if he answer another it will destroy the body."

Grafton's Chronicle. 6th July 1535. Also the sixt day of Iuly was syr Thomas More (age 57) behedded for the like treason before rehearsed, which as you haue heard was for the deniyng of the kings Maiestie supremitie. This man being learned as you haue heard before, was Lorde Chauncelour of Englande, and beside his learning he had a great wit, and in talking verie pleasant and merie conceited, and that euen to his last hower: Insomuch as at hys comming to the Tower, one of the officers demaunded his vpper garment for his fee (meaning hys Gowne) and he aunswered, he should haue it, and toke him his Cap, saiyng it was the vppermost garmēt that he had. Likewise, euen going to his death at the Tower gate, a pore woman called to him and besought him to declare that he had certayn euidences of hers in the time that he was in office (which after he was apprehended she could not come by) and that he would intreat she might have them agayne, or else she was vndone. He aunswered good woman haue pacience a little while, for the king is so good vnto me that eue within this halfe houre he will discharge me of all businesses, and help thee himselfe. Also when he went up the stayres on the Scaffolde, he desired one of the Shriefes officers to geue him his hande to helpe him vp, and sayde, when I come downe agayne, let me shift for my selfe as well as I can. Also the hangman kneeled downe to him asking him forgeuenesse of his death (as the maner is) to whome he sayde I forgeue thee, but I promise thee that thou shalt neuer haue honestie of the stryking of my head, my neck is so short. Also euen when he should lay downe his head on the block, he hauing a great gray beard, striked out his beard and sayde to the hangman, I pray you let me lay my beard ouer the block least ye should cut it.

On 6th July 1537 Robert Constable (age 59) was hanged in chains from the Beverley Gate in Kingston upon Hull witnessed by Thomas Howard 3rd Duke Norfolk (age 64).

Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1537. 3 July.

203. Norfolk to Cromwell.

Calig. B. vii. 224. B. M.

Received yesternight his letter of the 28 June and a packet under the King's Seal. Has appointed all therein named of the West Marches to be with him at York, Friday se'nnight, when Aske (age 37) is to suffer. Before his execution an exhortation to be given. Will take care to satisfy the King.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 6th July 1551. The vj day of July the Kynges (age 13) grace rod thrugh Grenwyche parke [Map] unto Blake heth [Map], and my lord of Darbe (age 42), and my lord of Warwyke (age 47), and my lord admerall Clyntun (age 39), and sir Wylliam Harbard (age 50), and odur lordes and knyghts and gentyllmen, and trumpeters playhyng, and alle the gardes in ther dobelets and ther hosse, with bowes and arowes and halbards ij and ij to-gether, and the Kynges grace in the myds on horsse-bake, and ther the Kynges grace ran at the ryng on Blake heth with lordes and knyghtes. [The earl of Warwick met the King there with a hundred men of arms, and great horses, and gentlemen] in clothe, and brodered the alffe, and the same night the Kyng suppyd at Depforth [Map] in a shype with my lord Admyral, [and the lords] of the conselle, and with many gentylmen.

Note. The king supped at Deptford. Machyn has dated this event two days too late. It is thus recorded in the king's own diary: "4. I was banketted by the lord Clinton at Detford, where I saw the Primrose and the Marie Willoughby launched."

On 6th July 1553 King Edward VI of England and Ireland (age 15) died at Palace of Placentia, Greenwich [Map]. His first cousin once removed Lady Jane Grey (age 17) succeeded I Queen of England.

Thomas Wendy (age 53) attended the King as physician.

Life and Reign of King Edward VI. 6th July 1553. So the King (age 15) hauing long wrastled with a lingring and tormenting sicknesse, at the last his spirits yeelded to the malice of his disease, which as with great patience hee did endure, so with no lesse piet [...]e did he end it; many feruent prayers hee made, both for himselfe and for the people of his Realmes, and some when he was esteemed almost past sense, and so spent his last breath in committing his sweet soule into the Almighties hands▪ which had created it.

He died at Greenwich vpon Thursday the sixth day of Iuly, in the yeare 1553. and in the seuenteenth yeare of his age, when he had raigned six yeares, fiue moneths and nine dayes; two dayes his death was concealed, to open a straight way for the Dukes crooked purposes; his body was buried vpon the ninth of August in the same yeare, in the Chappell of Saint Peters Church in West­minster, and laid neere to the body of King Henry the seuenth, his Grand-father.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 6th July 1553. The vj day of July, as they say, dessessyd the nobull Kyng Edward the vj (age 15). and the vij yere of ys rayne, and sune and here to the nobull kyng Henry the viij; and he was poyssoned, as evere body says, wher now, thanke be unto God, ther be mony of the false trayturs browt to ther end, and j trust in God that mor shall folow as thay may be spyd owt.

Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1553. 6th July 1553. KING EDWARD (age 15) died at Greenwich, on the 6th July 1553, "towards night."a The event was kept perfectly secret during the next day;b but measures were taken to occupy and fortify the Tower of London [Map].c On "the 8. of July the lord maior of London was sent for to the court then at Greenwich, to bring with him sixe aldermen, as many merchants of the staple, and as many merchant adventurers, unto whom by the Councell was secretly declared the death of king Edward, and also how hee did ordaine for the succession of the Crowne by his letters pattents, to the which they were sworne, and charged to keep it secret."d

Note a. Letter of the council to sir Philip Hoby (age 48), ambassador with the emperor, printed in Strype's Memorials, 1721, ii. 430. It was not written until the 8th of the month, and is silent regarding the successor to the throne. Mary (age 37), in her letter to the lords of the council, dated from Kenynghall [Map] on the 9th of July (printed in Foxe's Actes and Monuments), also states that she had learned from some advertisement that the king her brother had died on Thursday (the 6th) at night last past.

Note b. Northumberland's (age 49) intention was to keep the death of the king a secret, until he should have obtained possession of the person of the lady Mary, who had been summoned to visit her brother, and was at no further distance from London than the royal manor of Hunsdon in Hertfordshire. But there were not wanting about the court those who from attachment to Mary, or from self-interest, ventured to incur the hazard of conveying to her this momentous intelligence; whereupon she immediately took alarm, and rode off towards the eastern coast, from which she might have escaped to the continent, had such a step become necessary. Many writers assert that it was the earl of Arundel (age 41) who made a private communication to her. I have not found any contemporary authority for this statement; but sir Nicholas Throckmorton (age 38), in his poetical autobiography (MS. Cole, vol xl. p. 272, verses 111, 112, 113, 114), claims the credit of having been the officious person. He had been a favourite servant of king Edward; and on his royal master's death,

"Mourning, from Greenwich I didd strayt departe

To London, to an house which bore our name.

My bretheren guessed by my heavie hearte

The King was dead, and I confess'd the same:

The hushing of his death I didd unfolde,

Their meaninge to proclaime queene Jane I tolde.

And, though I lik'd not the religion

Which all her life queene Marye hadd profest,

Yett in my mind that wicked motion

Right heires for to displace I did detest.

Causeless to proffer any injurie,

I meant it not, but sought for remedie.

Wherefore from four of us the newes was sent,

How that her brother hee was dead and gone;

In post her goldsmith then from London went,

By whome the message was dispatcht anon.

Shee asked,' If wee knewe it certainlie?'

Whoe said,' Sir Nicholas knew it verilie.'

The author bred the errand's greate mistrust:

Shee fear'd a traine to leade her to a trapp.

Shee saide,' If Robert had beene there shee durst

Have gag'd her life, and hazarded the happ.'

Her letters made, shee knewe not what to doe:

Shee sent them oute, butt nott subscrib'd thereto."

By "Robert" the lady Mary meant sir Robert Throckmorton, one of the four brothers.

Note c. See the Diary of Henry Machyn, p. 35. for 07 July 1553.

Note d. It appears most probable that this was the first intimation which the citizens had received of the existence of the letters patent: and that it was on this occasion that, being "sworn to them," they affixed their signatures, although the document had been previously executed on the 21st of June. No fewer than thirty-two signatures follow that of the lord mayor, but the parties were perhaps not all citizens, and from the arrangement of their names in the existing transcript (mentioned in the following note b ) it would be difficult to distinguish which were the aldermen, which the merchants of the staple, and which the merchant adventurers.

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On 6th July 1586 Anthony Babington (age 24) wrote to Mary Queen of Scots (age 43), telling her that he and a group of friends were planning to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 52).

The Bardon Papers 9. (b) Babington (age 24) to Mary (age 43). [6] July, 1586.

This letter is undated, but Sepp (Briefwechsel etc. p. 28 11. 9) has advanced good reasons to show that it was written about the 6th of July. There are three English copies and one French copy of it in the Record Office (S. P. Mary Q. of S. xix. nos. 9-12). The French version includes a copy of Curie's attestation. Other contemporary copies are preserved in the British Museum and elsewhere. Lingard argues (vol. vi. p. 415, n. 3) that Babington wrote this letter before he had received Mary's of June 23rd, citing as evidence the testimony of Nau. The value of Nau's testimony upon a point like this, he being a prisoner with Mary at the time Babington received the letter, is certainly very questionable. Lingard cites as further evidence the fact that Babington makes no specific mention of Mary's letter in his own. This is true, but it does not seem sufficient to outweigh the fact that some days after Mary had written to Babington, when he had had time to receive her letter, he wrote to her, not directly acknowledging her letter to be sure, but apologizing at the very outset for his long silence, of which Mary had spoken in her letter to him.

The numerals printed along the margin occur, in the same fashion, in the manuscript. Their significance is not quite clear.

A History of the Seton Family. [6th July 1609] The following is the pathetic inscription on the young wife's [Ann Maitland Countess Winton (age 20)] monument in the Lauderdale aisle at Haddington, from which it will be observed that she was buried the same day as her mother, who. was the daughter of James, Lord Fleming, High Chamberlain of Scotland, by Barbara, eldest daughter of James, Duke of Chatelherault, Regent of Scotland, and subsequently the wife of John, Earl of Cassilis.

Anna, daughter of Maitland, John, Baron of Thirlestane, Chancellor of Scotland, and of Jean Fleming, a most noble maiden, distinguished for her piety, intellect, chastity, and refinement of manners, was betrothed to Robert, Earl of Winchester. She died a virgin in the year 1609, on the day before the Kalends of November (October 31), having completed her 19th year.

She was buried in the same funeral as her mother [Jean Fleming Countess Cassilis (deceased)]. John Maitland, Doctor of Laws, to his only sister, being her only brother, placed this [memorial].

Annæ Mateilanæ Joannis Baronis de Thyrlestane Scotiæ Cancellarii, et Janæ Flaminiæ filiæ, puellæ nobilissimæ, quæ pietate, ingenio, castitate, et morum elegantia insignis, Roberto Wintoniæ Comiti desponsata, VlRGO mortua est, anno 1609, pridie Novembris quintilis, exacto setatis anno 19.

Eodem cum matre funere elata. Joannes Mateilanus L. C. unicse sorori, frater unicus M. P.

Autobiography Simon D'Ewes. 6th July 1621. Upon Friday the 6th day of July, about eleven of the clock in the forenoon, I departed, with my father and the residue of his family, towards Chelmsford in Essex; where lodging this night, and at Lavenham, Suffolk the next day ensuing, we came to Stow Hall, my father's chief mansion in Suffolk, about eight of the clock in the morning, July the 8th, before divine service began, and so were partakers of two sermons this day in our parochial church. The rest of this month was chiefly spent in recreations, visitations, discourses, and such like: about the latter end whereof George Abbot (age 58), Doctor of Divinity and Archbishop of Canterbury, shooting at a deer in Alton Park1, near London, being the Lord Zouche's, struck one of the keepers into the arm, through the thwart glancing of the arrow, with which diyers of his sinews being cut, he soon alter died.

Note 1. Bramzil Park, according to Rushworth, i. p. 61. The Bishop of Lincoln, in giving judgment on thia matter, said: - "To add affliction to the afflicted will be against his Majesty's nature; yet to leave a man of blood primate and patriarch of all his churches, is a thing that aounda very harsh in the old councils and canons, and the Papiats will not spare to censure it."

Autobiography Simon D'Ewes. 6th July 1621. All men generally condemned the Archbishop for enterprising such an unnecessary and idle action in his old age; and yet was he much pitied, being an orthodox and a learned divine, no way infected with those anabaptistieal blasphemies lately broached by James Arminius in the Low Countries. It was afterwards much debated, whether his shedding of man's blood had not made him irregular, and so incapable of continuing Archbishop; and the matter was referred to the decision of Doctor Andrews (age 66), Bishop of Winchester, and other select commissioners, by whom the said Archbishop was in fine cleared, and adjudged still regular, and capable of the prelacy; in which Doctor Andrews aforesaid, although there had been small correspondence between him and Doctor Abbot formerly, yet, out of his emulation to prevent Doctor Williams (age 39), Bishop of Lincoln, from attaining the see of Canterbury, to which he was designed if the other had proved irregular, did use his uttermost skill and power to clear him.

On 6th July 1641 Louis Bourbon Condé Count Soissons (age 37) was killed at the Battle of La Marfée. His sister Marie (age 35) succeeded Countess Soissons.

John Evelyn's Diary. 6th July 1660. The King received a congratulatory address from the city of Cologne, in Germany, where he had been some time in his exile; his Majesty (age 30) saying they were the best people in the world, the most kind and worthy to him that he ever met with. I recommended Monsieur Messary to be Judge Advocate in Jersey, by the Vice-Chamberlain's mediation with the Earl of St. Albans; and saluted my excellent and worthy noble friend, my Lord Ossory (age 25), son to the Marquis of Ormond (age 49), after many years' absence returned home.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1662. So home to dinner, where my brother Tom (age 28) dined with me, and so my wife and I to church again in the afternoon, and that done I walked to the Wardrobe and spent my time with Mr. Creed and Mr. Moore talking about business; so up to supper with my Lady [Sandwich], who tells me, with much trouble, that my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 21) is still as great with the King (age 32), and that the King comes as often to her as ever he did, at which, God forgive me, I am well pleased.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1663. At noon Creed comes to me, who tells me how well he has sped with Sir G. Carteret (age 53) after all our trouble, that he had his tallys up and all the kind words possible from him, which I believe is out of an apprehension what a fool he has made of himself hitherto in making so great a stop therein. But I find, and so my Lord Sandwich (age 37) may, that Sir G. Carteret had a design to do him a disgrace, if he could possibly, otherwise he would never have carried the business so far after that manner, but would first have consulted my Lord and given him advice what to do therein for his own honour, which he thought endangered. Creed dined with me and then walked a while, and so away, and I to my office at my morning's work till dark night, and so with good content home. To supper, a little musique, and then to bed.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1665. Thence, weary of this discourse, as the act of the greatest rashness that ever I heard of in all my little conversation, we parted, and I home to bed. Sir W. Pen (age 44), it seems, sailed last night from Solebay, Southwold [Map] with, about sixty sail of ship, and my Lord Sandwich (age 39) in "The Prince" and some others, it seems, going after them to overtake them, for I am sure my Lord Sandwich will do all possible to overtake them, and will be troubled to the heart if he do it not.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1666. I dined with Sir G. Carteret (age 56), and after dinner had much discourse about our publique business; and he do seem to fear every day more and more what I do; which is, a general confusion in the State; plainly answering me to the question, who is it that the weight of the warr depends [upon]? that it is only Sir W. Coventry (age 38). He tells me, too, the Duke of Albemarle (age 57) is dissatisfied, and that the Duchesse (age 47) do curse Coventry as the man that betrayed her husband to the sea: though I believe that it is not so.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1668. Thence home to dinner, and thence to Mr. Cooper's (age 59), and there met my wife and W. Hewer (age 26) and Deb.; and there my wife first sat for her picture: but he is a most admirable workman, and good company. Here comes Harris (age 34), and first told us how Betterton (age 32) is come again upon the stage: whereupon my wife and company to the [Duke's] house to see "Henry the Fifth"; while I to attend the Duke of York (age 34) at the Committee of the Navy, at the Council, where some high dispute between him and W. Coventry (age 40) about settling pensions upon all Flag-Officers, while unemployed: W. Coventry against it, and, I think, with reason.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1668. Up, and to St. James's, and there attended the Duke of York (age 34), and was there by himself told how angry he was, and did declare to my Lord Anglesey (age 53), about his late complaining of things of the Navy to the King (age 38) in Council, and not to him; and I perceive he is mightily concerned at it, and resolved to reform things therein.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1668. Thence with W. Coventry (age 40) walked in the Park together a good while, he mighty kind to me. And hear many pretty stories of my Chancellor's (age 59) being heretofore made sport of by Peter Talbot the priest, in his story of the death of Cardinall Bleau1 by Lord Cottington, in his 'Dolor de las Tyipas'2 and Tom Killigrew (age 56), in his being bred in Ram Ally, and now bound prentice to Lord Cottington, going to Spain with £1000, and two suits of clothes.

Note 1. It is probable these stories, in ridicule of Clarendon, are nowhere recorded. Cardinal Jean Balue was the minister of Louis XI of France. The reader will remember him in Sir W. Scott's "Quentin Durward". He was confined for eleven years in an iron cage invented by himself in the Chateau de Loches, and died soon after he regained his liberty. B.

Note 2. Gripes. It was a joke against Lord Cottington that whenever he was seriously ill he declared himself a Roman Catholic, when he was well again he returned to the Protestant faith.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 6th July 1668. Thence I to the playhouse, and saw a piece of the play, and glad to see Betterton (age 32); and so with wife and Deb. to Spring-garden, and eat a lobster, and so home in the evening and to bed. Great doings at Paris, I hear, with their triumphs for their late conquests! The Duchesse of Richmond (age 20) sworn last week of the Queen's (age 29) Bedchamber, and the King (age 38) minding little else but what he used to do-about his women.

John Evelyn's Diary. 6th July 1679. There was now brought up to London a child, son of one Mr. Wotton, formerly amanuensis to Dr. Andrews, Bishop of Winton, who both read and perfectly understood Hebrew, Greek, Latin, Arabic, Syriac, and most of the modern languages; disputed in divinity, law, and all the sciences; was skillful in history, both ecclesiastical and profane; in politics; in a word, so universally and solidly learned at eleven years of age, that he was looked on as a miracle. Dr. Lloyd (age 42), one of the most deeply learned divines of this nation in all sorts of literature, with Dr. Burnet (age 35), who had severely examined him, came away astonished, and they told me they did not believe there had the like appeared in the world. He had only been instructed by his father, who being himself a learned person, confessed that his son knew all that he himself knew. But, what was more admirable than his vast memory, was his judgment and invention, he being tried with divers hard questions, which required maturity of thought and experience. He was also dexterous in chronology, antiquities, mathematics. In sum, an intellectus universalis, beyond all that we read of Picus Mirandula, and other precocious wits, and yet withal a very humble child.

John Evelyn's Diary. 6th July 1679. Now were there papers, speeches, and libels, publicly cried in the streets against the Dukes of York (age 45) and Lauderdale (age 63), etc., obnoxious to the Parliament, with too much and indeed too shameful a liberty; but the people and Parliament had gotten head by reason of the vices of the great ones.

On 6th July 1685 John Berkeley 4th Viscount Fitzhardinge (age 35) fought at Westonzoyland Bridgwater, Somerset during the Battle of Sedgemoor.

Francis Compton (age 56) was wounded.

Sharington Talbot (age 29) "behaved himself very handsomely".

On 6th July 1685 Sharington Talbot (age 29) was killed in a duel with Captain Love over whose troops fought better at the Battle of Sedgemoor which had been fought earlier the same day.

John Evelyn's Diary. 6th July 1686. I supp'd with the Countesse of Rochester (age 40), where was also the Dutchesse of Buckingham (age 47) and Madame de Governe, whose daughter (age 20) was married to ye Marquess of Halifax's (age 52) sonn. She made me a character of ye French King (age 47) and Dauphin (age 24), and of ye persecution. That they kept much of the cruelties from the King's knowledge; that the Dauphin was so afraid of his father, that he durst not let any thing appeare of his sentiments; that he hated letters and priests, spent all his time in hunting, and seem'd to take no notice of what was passing.

John Evelyn's Diary. 6th July 1695. I dined at Lambeth [Map], making my first visit to the Archbishop (age 58), where there was much company, and great cheer. After prayers in the evening, my Lord made me stay to show me his house, furniture, and garden, which were all very fine, and far beyond the usual Archbishops, not as affected by this, but being bought ready furnished by his predecessor. We discoursed of several public matters, particularly of the Princess of Denmark (age 30), who made so little figure.

On 6th July 1749 John Montagu 2nd Duke Montagu (age 59) died without surviving male issue. Duke Montagu extinct. His estates were inherited by his daughter Mary (age 38) and her husband George Brudenell aka Montagu 1st Duke Montagu (age 36) who changed his name to Montagu from Brudenell. Monument in St Edmund's Church, Warkton [Map]. Sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 46). Erected by his widow, Mary Churchill (age 59), the daughter of the 1st Duke of Marlborough, who stands at the left hand side of the monument.

On 6th July 1789 Maria Isabel Queen Consort of the Two Sicilies was born to Charles IV King Spain (age 40) and Maria Luisa of Parma (age 37). Coefficient of inbreeding 7.98%.

The London Gazette 17722. Whitehall, July 6, 1821. The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, for granting the dignities of a Viscount and Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to John Baron Elton (age 70), Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, and the heirs, male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, stiles, and titles of Viscount Encombe of Encombe, in the county of Dorset, and Earl of Eldon, in the county palatine of Durham.

The London Gazette 25488. St. James's Palace, July 6, 1885. THE Queen has been pleased to appoint George William (age 47), Earl of Coventry, to be Captain of Her Majesty's Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms, in the room of Charles Robert, Lord Carrington, G.C.M.G., resigned.

The Queen has also been pleased to appoint George Florance, Lord Boston, to be one of Her Majesty's Lords in Waiting in Ordinary, in the room of Charles Douglas Richard (age 45), Lord Sudeley, resigned.

On 6th July 1885 Bishop George Moberly (age 81) died. Salisbury Cathedral [Map].

Bishop George Moberly: On 10th October 1803 he was born in St Petersburg. In 1869 he was appointed Bishop of Salisbury.

Births on the 6th July

On 6th July 1332 Elizabeth Burgh Duchess of Clarence was born to William Donn Burgh 3rd Earl of Ulster (age 19) and Maud Plantagenet Countess Ulster (age 22) at Carrickfergus Castle, Carrickfergus, County Antrim. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

On 6th July 1579 Francis Norreys 1st Earl Berkshire was born to William Norreys (age 31) and Elizabeth Morrison Countess Lincoln.

On 30th June 1659 Edward Reade 2nd Baronet was born to Compton Reade 1st Baronet (age 34) and Mary Cornwall Lady Reade (age 29). He was baptised on 6th July 1599. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 6th July 1704 Stillborn Hervey was born to John Hervey 1st Earl Bristol (age 38) and Elizabeth Felton Countess Bristol (age 27).

On 6th July 1709 William Byron was born to William Byron 4th Baron Byron (age 39) and Frances Wilhelmina Bentinck Baroness Byron (age 25).

On 6th July 1755 John Flaxman was born to John Flaxman (age 29) in York [Map]

On 6th July 1760 Thomas Fane was born to John Fane 9th Earl of Westmoreland (age 32) and Augusta Bertie (age 28).

On 6th July 1766 John Russell 6th Duke Bedford was born to Francis Russell (age 26) and Elizabeth Keppel (age 27). He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 6th July 1767 Philip Egerton 9th Baronet was born to Philip Egerton of Oulton (age 29) and Mary Eyles-Styles (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

On 6th July 1769 William Brabazon 9th Earl Meath was born to Anthony Brabazon 8th Earl Meath (age 48).

On 6th July 1778 Matilda Jane Courtenay was born to William Courtenay 8th Earl Devon (age 35) and Frances Clack Countess Devon.

On 6th July 1789 Maria Isabel Queen Consort of the Two Sicilies was born to Charles IV King Spain (age 40) and Maria Luisa of Parma (age 37). Coefficient of inbreeding 7.98%.

On 6th July 1799 Caroline Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck was born to William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck 4th Duke Portland (age 31) and Henrietta Scott Duchess Portland (age 25).

On 6th July 1814 James Duff 5th Earl Fife was born to Alexander Duff (age 37).

On 6th July 1819 Standish Prendergast Vereker 4th Viscount Gort was born to John Vereker 3rd Viscount Gort (age 29).

On 6th July 1821 Henry Vivian 1st Baron Swansea was born to John Henry Vivian (age 35) and Sarah Jones at Singleton Abbey.

On 6th July 1821 Cecil Augutus Bisshopp 10th Baronet was born to George Bisshopp 9th Baronet (age 30) and Catherine Elizabeth Sproule.

On 6th July 1825 Charles Robert Blakiston was born to Matthew Blakiston 3rd Baronet (age 42).

On 6th July 1829 Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg was born to Christian August Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 30) and Louise Sophie Danneskiold Samsøe Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg. He a great x 3 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.

On 23rd April 1831 John Kelley Halswelle was born. He was baptised at St Dionis Backchurch, London, on 6th July 1831.

On 6th July 1834 Joseph Boehm was born to Joseph Daniel Boehm and Louisa Anna Lussman in Vienna [Map]. His Hungarian father was Director of the imperial mint of Vienna.

On 6th July 1846 Grace Emma Abdy was born to Thomas Neville Abdy 1st Baronet (age 35) and Harriet Alston.

On 6th July 1873 George Gibbs 1st Baron Wraxall was born to Antony Gibbs (age 31).

On 6th July 1886 Marion Beatrice Smith Viscountess Leverhulme was born to Bryce Smith.

On 6th July 1910 Frederick Philip Wombwell 6th Baronet was born to Frederick Adolphus Wombwell (age 41).

On 6th July 1958 Henry Seymour 9th Marquess of Hertford was born to Hugh Seymour 8th Marquess Hertford (age 28) and Pamela Therese Louise de Riquet Comtesse de Caraman-Chimay (age 25).

Marriages on the 6th July

On 6th July 1320 Charles I King Hungary (age 32) and Elisabeth Unknown Queen Consort Hungary were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Hungary. He the son of Charles Martel King Hungary and Clementia Habsburg.

On 6th July 1402 Louis Wittelsbach III Elector Palatine (age 24) and Blanche Lancaster Elector Palatinate (age 10) were married. She the daughter of King Henry IV of England (age 35) and Mary Bohun. He the son of Rupert King Germany (age 50).

On 6th July 1544 Matthew Stewart 4th Earl Lennox (age 27) and Margaret Douglas Countess Lennox (age 28) were married. She by marriage Countess Lennox. She the daughter of Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus (age 55) and Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland. He the son of John Stewart 3rd Earl Lennox and Isabel or Elizabeth Stewart Countess Lennox (age 49). They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

On 6th July 1626 Mildmay Fane 2nd Earl of Westmoreland (age 24) and Grace Thornhurst Countess of Westmoreland (age 22) were married. He the son of Francis Fane 1st Earl of Westmoreland (age 46) and Mary Mildmay Countess of Westmoreland (age 44). They were fourth cousins.

On 6th July 1630 Henry Carey 1st Earl Dover (age 50) and Mary Morris Countess Dover (age 65) were married at St Peter le Poer Church, Broad Street. She by marriage Countess Dover.

On 6th July 1637 Francis Browne 3rd Viscount Montagu (age 27) and Elizabeth Somerset Viscountess Montague (age 19) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Montagu. She the daughter of Henry Somerset 1st Marquess Worcester (age 60) and Anne Russell Countess Worcester (age 59). They were fourth cousins.

On 6th July 1655 Baptist Noel 3rd Viscount Campden (age 44) and Elizabeth Bertie Viscountess Campden (age 15) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Campden. The difference in their ages was 29 years. She the daughter of Montagu Bertie 2nd Earl Lindsey (age 47) and Martha Cockayne Countess Holderness. They were second cousin twice removed.

On 6th July 1663 Henry Marwood 2nd Baronet (age 28) and Dorothy Bellingham were married.

On 6th July 1704 Henry Grey 3rd Earl Stamford (age 19) and Dorothy Wright Countess Stamford (age 19) were married.

On 6th July 1740 Hugh Percy 1st Duke Northumberland (age 24) and Elizabeth Seymour Duchess Northumberland (age 23) were married. She the daughter of Algernon Seymour 7th Duke of Somerset (age 55) and Frances Thynne Duchess Somerset (age 41).

On 6th July 1837 John Crichton 3rd Earl Erne (age 34) and Selina Griselda Beresford Countess Erne (age 33) were married.

On 6th July 1838 George Molyneux 6th Baronet (age 24) and Emma Green Lady Molyneux (age 23) were married at St Mary's Church, Birkenhead [Map].

On 6th July 1878 George Henry Lowther 4th Earl Lonsdale (age 22) and Constance Gwladys Herbert Marchioness Ripon (age 19) were married. She by marriage Countess Lonsdale. He the son of Henry Lowther 3rd Earl Lonsdale.

On 6th July 1948 Peter Legh 4th Baron Newton (age 33) and Priscilla Egerton-Warburton (age 32) were married. They were first cousins.

Deaths on the 6th July

On 6th July 918 William "Pious" Poitiers I Duke Aquitaine (age 43) died.

On 6th July 1189 King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 56) died at Chinon Castle [Map]. William Mandeville 3rd Earl Essex Count Aumale was present. He was buried at Fontevraud Abbey [Map]. His son Richard (age 31) succeeded I King of England.

On 6th July 1218 Odo III Duke Burgundy (age 52) died. His son Hugh (age 5) succeeded IV Duke Burgundy.

On 6th July 1249 King Alexander II of Scotland (age 50) died at Kerrera. He was buried at Melrose Abbey, Melrose. His son Alexander (age 7) succeeded King Scotland.

On 6th July 1403 Reginald Cobham 2nd Baron Cobham (age 55) died. His son Reginald (age 22) succeeded 3rd Baron Cobham.

On 6th July 1537 Robert Constable (age 59) was hanged in chains from the Beverley Gate in Kingston upon Hull witnessed by Thomas Howard 3rd Duke Norfolk (age 64).

On 6th July 1553 King Edward VI of England and Ireland (age 15) died at Palace of Placentia, Greenwich [Map]. His first cousin once removed Lady Jane Grey (age 17) succeeded I Queen of England.

Thomas Wendy (age 53) attended the King as physician.

On 6th July 1583 Archbishop Edmund Grindal (age 64) died.

On 6th July 1609 Ann Maitland Countess Winton (age 20) died.

On 6th July 1614 Anthony Cope 1st Baronet (age 66) died. His son William (age 37) succeeded 2nd Baronet Cope of Hanwell in Oxfordshire. Elizabeth Chaworth Lady Cope by marriage Lady Cope of Hanwell in Oxfordshire.

On 6th July 1640 William Cecil 2nd Earl Exeter (age 74) died. His nephew David (age 40) succeeded 3rd Earl Exeter, 4th Baron Burghley. Elizabeth Egerton Countess Exeter by marriage Countess Exeter.

On 6th July 1641 Louis Bourbon Condé Count Soissons (age 37) was killed at the Battle of La Marfée. His sister Marie (age 35) succeeded Countess Soissons.

On 6th July 1669 John Drake 1st Baronet (age 44) died. His son John (age 22) succeeded 2nd Baronet Drake of Ashe in Devon.

On 6th July 1684 Bishop Peter Gunning (age 70) died.

On 6th July 1711 James Douglas 2nd Duke Queensberry (age 48) died. His son Charles (age 12) succeeded 3rd Duke Queensberry.

On 6th July 1749 John Montagu 2nd Duke Montagu (age 59) died without surviving male issue. Duke Montagu extinct. His estates were inherited by his daughter Mary (age 38) and her husband George Brudenell aka Montagu 1st Duke Montagu (age 36) who changed his name to Montagu from Brudenell. Monument in St Edmund's Church, Warkton [Map]. Sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 46). Erected by his widow, Mary Churchill (age 59), the daughter of the 1st Duke of Marlborough, who stands at the left hand side of the monument.

On 6th July 1784 Robert Keyt 5th Baronet (age 60) died without issue. Baronet Keyt of Ebrington in Gloucestershire extinct.

On 6th July 1790 George Augustus Eliott 1st Baron Heathfield (age 72) died. His son Francis (age 39) succeeded 2nd Baron Heathfield of Gibraltar.

On 6th July 1799 William Lee 4th Baronet (age 72) died. His son William (age 35) succeeded 5th Baronet Lee of Hartwell in Buckinghamshire.

On 6th July 1880 Francis Vincent 10th Baronet (age 77) died. His first cousin once removed Frederick (age 82) succeeded 11th Baronet Vincent of Stoke d'Abernon. Maria Copley Young (age 60) by marriage Lady Vincent of Stoke d'Abernon.

On 6th July 1885 Bishop George Moberly (age 81) died. Salisbury Cathedral [Map].

Bishop George Moberly: On 10th October 1803 he was born in St Petersburg. In 1869 he was appointed Bishop of Salisbury.

On 6th July 1903 John "Yvo" Vesey 4th Viscount Vesci (age 59) died without male issue. His nephew Yvo (age 21) succeeded 5th Viscount Vesci of Abbeyleix in Queen's County, 6th Baron Knapton, 7th Baronet Vesey of Abbeyleix.

On 6th July 1947 Adolfo Müller-Ury (age 85) died.

On 6th July 1993 Ruth Sylvia Gill Baroness Fermoy (age 84) died.

On 6th July 2003 Christopher Beckett 4th Baron Grimthorpe (age 87) died. His son Edward (age 48) succeeded 5th Baron Grimthorpe, 9th Baronet Beckett of Leeds.