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On this Day in History ... 13th November

13 Nov is in November.

1002 St Brice's Day Massacre

1093 Battle of Alnwick

1160 Louis VII marries Adela of Blois

1362 Edward III Creates two sons as Dukes

1441 Trial and Punishment of Eleanor Cobham

1532 Henry VIII and Francis I meet at Calais

1541 Catherine Howard Trial

1715 Battle of Sheriffmuir

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 13th November

On 13th November 1002 King Æthelred II of England (age 36) ordered the St Brice's Day Massacre. Its isn't clear how many died.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1002. This year the king (age 36) and his council agreed that tribute should be given to the fleet, and peace made with them, with the provision that they should desist from their mischief. Then sent the king to the fleet Alderman Leofsy, who at the king's word and his council made peace with them, on condition that they received food and tribute; which they accepted, and a tribute was paid of 24,000 pounds. In the meantime Alderman Leofsy slew Eafy, high-steward of the king; and the king banished him from the land. Then, in the same Lent, came the Lady Elfgive Emma, Richard's daughter, to this land. And in the same summer died Archbishop Eadulf; and also, in the same year the king gave an order to slay all the Danes that were in England. This was accordingly done on the mass-day of St. Brice; because it was told the king, that they would beshrew him of his life, and afterwards all his council, and then have his kingdom without any resistance.

Chronicon ex Chronicis. [13th November 1002] The same year king Ethelred gave orders for the massacre of all the Danes of every age and both sexes, in consequence of their having conspired to deprive him and his nobles of their life and kingdom and reduce the whole of England under their dominion.

Chronicle of William of Malmesbury Book 2 Chapter 9. 13th November 1002. For, besides the English, whom he King Æthelred (age 36) despoiled of their hereditary possessions without any cause, or defrauded of their property for supposititious crimes: besides the Danes, whom, from light suspicion only, he ordered to be all butchered on the same day throughout England; which was a dreadful spectacle to behold; each one compelled to betray his dearest guests, now become dearer from the tenderest connexions of affinity, and to cut short their embraces with the sword: yet besides all this, I say, he was so inconstant towards his wife [Emma aka Ælfgyfu of Normandy Queen Consort England (age 17)], that he scarcely deigned her his bed, and degraded the royal dignity by his intercourse with harlots. She too, a woman, conscious of her high descent, became indignant at her husband, as she found herself endeared to him neither by her blameless modesty nor her fruitfulness; for she had borne him two children, Elfred and Edward. She was the daughter of Richard, earl of Normandy, the son of William, who, after his father, presided over that earldom for fifty-two years, and died in the twenty-eighth year of this king. He lies at the monastery of Fescamp, which he augmented with certain revenues, and which he adorned with a monastic order, by means of William, formerly abbot of Dijon. Richard was a distinguished character, and had also often harassed Ethelred: which, when it became known at Rome, the holy see, not enduring that two Christians should be at enmity, sent Leo, bishop of Treves, into England, to restore peace: the epistle describing this legation was as follows:- "John the fifteenth, pope of the holy Roman church, to all faithful people, health. Be it known to all the faithful of the holy mother church, and our children spiritual and secular, dispersed through the several climates of the world, that inasmuch as we had been informed by many of the enmity between Ethelred, king of the West-Saxons, and Richard the marquis, and were grieved sorely at this, on account of our spiritual children; taking, therefore, wholesome counsel, we summoned one of our legates, Leo, bishop of the holy church of Treves, and sent him with our letters, admonishing them, that they should return from their ungodliness. He, passing vast spaces, at length crossed the sea, and, on the day of the Lord's nativity, came into the presence of the said king; whom, having saluted on our part, he delivered to him the letters we had sent. And all the faithful people of his kingdom, and senators of either order, being summoned, he granted, for love and fear of God Almighty, and of St. Peter, the chief of the apostles, and on account of our paternal admonition, the firmest peace for all his sons and daughters, present and future, and all his faithful people, without deceit. On which account he sent Edelsin, prelate of the holy church of Sherborne, and Leofstan, son of Alfwold, and Edelnoth, son of Wulstan, who passed the maritime boundaries, and came to Richard, the said marquis. He, peaceably receiving our admonitions, and hearing the determination of the said king, readily confirmed the peace for his sons and daughters, present and future, and for all his faithful people, with this reasonable condition, that if any of their subjects, or they themselves, should commit any injustice against each other, it should be duly redressed; and that peace should remain for ever unshaken and confirmed by the oath of both parties: on the part of king Ethelred, to wit, Edelsin, prelate of the holy church of Sherborne; Leofstan, the son of Alfwold; Edelnoth, the son of Wulstan. On the part of Richard, Roger, the bishop; Rodolph, son of Hugh; Truteno, the son of Thurgis. "Done at Rouen, on the kalends of March, in the year of our Lord 991, the fourth of the indiction. Moreover, of the king's subjects, or of his enemies, let Richard receive none, nor the king of his, without their respective seals".

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History of the Dukes of Normandy by William of Jumieges. Chapter 5.6. On the cruelty of King Æthelred of the English against the Danes who were living peacefully with him in England; and concerning certain young men of that same nation, who escaping, reported to Sweyn, king of Denmark, the death of their kinsmen.

While, in the condition described above, the prosperity of Normandy flourished under so noble a ruler, King Æthelred of the English stained the kingdom, which had long flourished in the great glory of most powerful kings, with such a wicked act of treacherous cruelty during his reign, that even pagans judged so detestable a crime to be horrific. For the Danes, who dwelt throughout the whole kingdom in peaceful agreement with him, suspecting no danger of death, he suddenly ordered to be killed in one day in a burst of fury; and he commanded that the women should be buried up to their waists in the earth, and that the fiercest dogs, being set upon them, should cruelly tear the breasts from their chests; and that the suckling infants should be dashed against the doorposts of houses so that their brains were shattered, although no crimes had been charged against them. While, therefore, in London on that appointed day [13th November 1002], this great heap of massacred victims was being increased beyond measure by the cruelty of the executioners, certain young men, swift in their agility, fled to a ship and sought safety in flight, making for the open sea by rapid rowing along the channel of the Thames. Having crossed the long expanse of the deep, at last they landed at the desired harbor of Denmark, and reported to King Sweyn the bloody destruction of their people. Then the king, deeply grieved within, summoned all the chiefs of his realm, and laid the whole matter before them, inquiring earnestly what should be done. And they, moved by the suffering and grief of their friends and kinsmen, all declared with one voice that their blood must be avenged with all their strength.

CAPUT VI. De crudelitate Eldredi regis Anglorum in Danos, qui pacifice secum in Anglia commanebant; et de quibusdam juvenibus ejusdem gentis, qui evadentes regi Danamarche Sueno mortem propinquorum nuntiaverunt.

Dum in statu supra intellecto sub tam præclaro rectore Northmanniæ felicitas polleret, Eldredus Anglorum rex regnum quod sub magna potentissimorum regum gloria diu floruerat, tanto nefariæ proditionis scelere regiminis sui tempore polluit, ut et pagani tam exsecrabile nefas horrendum judicarent. Nam Danos per omne regnum unanimi concordia suum cohabitantes, mortis periculum minime suspicanles, subito furore sub una die perimi, mulieres quoque alvo tenus terræ csse defossas, et ferocissimis canibus concitatis mamillas ab earum pectoribus crudeliter extorqueri, lactentes vero pueros ad domorum postes allisos excerebrari, jussit, nullis criminum existentibus culpis. Dum igitur apud Lundoniam sub hujus decretis die hæc congeries peremptorum lictorum sævitia in immensum cumularetur, quidam juvenes agilitate pernices ad quamdam navim se contulerunt, et fugæ præsidium per Thamisæ alveum celeri remigio maris sinum petierunt. Permenso autem prolixi ponti spatio, novissime cupitum Danamarchæ portum applicant, regique Sueno cruenta gentis suæ exitia nuntiant. Tunc rex nimio dolore tactus intrinsecus, totius regni sui ascitis principibus, cunctam ei seriem illis deponit, quidque agendum consulerent, diligenter inquirit. Qui amicorum et propinquorum ærumnis et luctu moti, quasi ex uno ore omnes eorum sanguinem decreverunt debere totis viribus ulcisci.

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Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1020. This year came King Knute (age 25) back to England; and there was at Easter a great council at Cirencester, Gloucestershire [Map], where Alderman Ethelward was outlawed, and Edwy, king of the churls. This year went the king to Assingdon; with Earl Thurkyll, and Archbishop Wulfstan, and other bishops, and also abbots, and many monks with them; and he ordered to be built there a minster of stone and lime, for the souls of the men who were there slain, and gave it to his own priest, whose name was Stigand; and they consecrated the minster at Assingdon. And Ethelnoth the monk, who had been dean at Christ's church, was the same year on the ides of November consecrated Bishop of Christ's church by Archbishop Wulfstan.

On 13th November 1020 Archbishop Æthelnoth was consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury by Archbishop Wulfstan.

On 13th November 1093 the Battle of Alnwick was fought at Alnwick, Northumberland [Map] between the forces of King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 62) and Robert de Mowbray 1st Earl Northumbria.

King Malcolm III of Scotland was killed at The Peth Alnwick [Map]. His son Duncan (age 33) succeeded II King Scotland. He died a year minus day later.

Malcolm's son Edward Dunkeld was killed.

Edward Dunkeld: he was born to King Malcolm III of Scotland and Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland. On 16th November 1093 Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland died three days after her husband King Malcolm III of Scotland and her son Edward Dunkeld were killed at the Battle of Alnwick.

Chronicon ex Chronicis. Malcolm, king of the Scots (age 62), and his eldest son, Edward, with many others, were slain by the troops of Robert, earl of Northumbria, on the feast-day of St. Brice [13th November 1093]1. Margaret (age 48), queen of the Scots, was so deeply affected by the news of their death, that she fell dangerously ill. Calling the priests to attend her without delay, she went into the church, and confessing her sins to them, caused herself to be anointed with oil and strengthened with the heavenly viaticum; beseeching God with earnest and diligent prayers that he would not suffer her to live longer in this troublesome world. Nor was it very long before her prayers were heard, for three days after the king's death she was released from the bonds of the flesh, and translated, as we doubt not, to the joys of eternal salvation. For while she lived, she devoted herself to the exercise of piety, justice, peace, and charity; she was frequent in prayer, and chastened her body by watchings and fastings; she endowed churches and monasteries; loved and reverenced the servants and handmaids of God; broke bread to the hungry, clothed the naked, gave shelter, food, and raiment to all the pilgrims who came to her door; and loved God with all her heart2.

Note 1. Cf. Ordericus Vitalis, vol. ii., p. 11.

Note 2. Ibid, pp. 12, 13.

History of the Dukes of Normandy by William of Jumieges. While this same William ruled the kingdom of England, Morel, nephew of Robert of Mowbray, Earl of Northumbria, slew Malcolm [13th November 1093], King of Scotland, who was making incursions into England, together with his eldest son and a great part of his army, in the borders of England. But Robert, when he afterward attempted to seize certain royal strongholds adjoining his county against the king’s will, was captured by King William’s soldiers, and by the king’s command remained long in chains, and, while King Henry already reigned, at last died in prison. Many have said that this fate befell him as just payment, because he had treacherously slain the King of Scotland, father of the most noble Matilda, who afterward became Queen of England. The lands which he had held in Normandy, and the greater part of his earldom, King Henry, once he was king, gave to Nigel of Albigny, a truly noble and worthy man. Nigel afterward married Gundrada, daughter of Gerald of Gournay, from whom he begot a son Roger of Mowbray, who, still a child, succeeded him when Nigel, having become a monk at Bec, granted to the same monastery great properties in England. The same Gerald, at the request of Hugh of Gournay, his father, who was also a monk of Bec, gave many things to that church, and at last, journeying to Jerusalem with his wife Edith, sister of William, Earl of Warenne, died on the way. The wife, returning, married Drogo of Monceaux, by whom she had one son, also named Drogo. To Gerald succeeded his son Hugh, who, by the sister of Ralph of Peronne, Count of Vermandois, begot one son, named Augeon. These things, concerning friends and benefactors of the Abbey of Bec, we have briefly mentioned here by anticipation. Now let us return to the proper order of the history.

Eodem Willelmo regnum Angliæ procurante, Morellus nepos Roberti de Moubraio comitis Northumbrelandiæ prædictum Malcomum regem Scotia irruptiones in Anglia facientem et filium ejus primogenitum, cum maxima parte sui exercitus in finibus Anglorum trucidavit. Hic autem Robertus, cum quasdam munitiones regias suo comitatui colliminantes contra voluntatem domini sui attentasset occupare, captus a militibus Willelmi regis, ipsoque jubente in ipsis vinculis diutius perseverans regnante jam Henrico rege, tandem in ipso ergastulo deficiens mortuus est. Dictum est a pluribus hunc talionem sibi redditum fuisse, quia regem Scotiæ, patrem videlicet nobilissimæ Mathildis postea reginæ Anglorum, dolose peremerat. Illius autem terram quam habebat in Northmannia et maximam partem prædicti sui comitatus, Henricus jam rex factus dedit Nigello de Albinneio, vero illustri et probo. Duxit postea idem Nigellus Gundredam filiam Giraldi de Gornaco, ex qua genuit filium nomine Rogerium de Moubraio, qui tandem adhuc parvulus patri suo facto monacho Beccensi et eidem loco magnam possessionem in Anglia conferenti, successit. Ipse etiam Giraldus, rogatu Hugonis de Gornaco patris sui monachi vero Beccensis, plura dedit eidem ecclesiæ, et tandem Hierusalem petens cum uxore sua Edithua sorore Willelmi comitis de Warenna, in ipso itinere mortuus est. Uxor vero inde rediens nupsit Drogoni de Monceio, ex qua idem Drogo suscepit unum filium nomine Drogonem. Successit prædicto Giraldo filius ejus nomine Hugo, qui ex sorore Rodulfi de Parrona comilis Viromandorum genuit unum filium nomine Augonem.Hæc per anticipationem de amicis ac benefactoribus Beccensis monasterii hic breviter commemoravimus, nunc ad ordinem historiæ redeamus.

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Chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon 1093. [13th November 1093] The same year Malcolm, king of the Scots, making a predatory inroad into England, was intercepted imawares and slain, together with his son Edward, who would have inherited his crown. When Queen Margaret received these tidings, her heart was troubled even imto death at her double loss; and going to the church she confessed and commimicated, and commending herself in prayer to God gave up the ghost. The Scots elected Duvenal, Malcolm's brother, king; but Duncan, the late king's son, who was residing as a hostage in the court of King William, by the help of that king drove out Duneval and was received as king : the following year the Scots, at the instigation of Duneval, treacherously put Duncan to death.

On 13th November 1137 Ramiro "Monk" II King Aragon (age 51) abdicated. Petronilla Jiménez Queen Aragon (age 1) succeeded Queen Aragon.

On 13th November 1143 Fulk "Young" King Jerusalem (age 54) died in a hunting accident. His wife Melisende Queen of Jerusalem (age 38) continued to reign in her own right with their son Baldwin III King Jerusalem (age 13).

A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea by William of Tyre Book 15 Chapter 27. [13th November 1143]. It happened, however, in those days that, when the lord king [Fulk "Young" King Jerusalem (age 54)], along with the lady queen [Melisende Queen of Jerusalem (age 38)], after autumn had passed, was staying in the city of Acre, the queen wished, to relieve her boredom, to go out of the city to certain suburban places, irrigated by springs, for the sake of recreation; whereupon the lord king, so that the queen might not lack company, decided also himself, with his usual retinue, to set forth. And while they were going along, it happened by chance that the boys who were going before the ranks and retinue stirred up a hare lying in the furrows, which, as it fled, was pursued by the clamor of all. The king, however, seizing a lance, in order to pursue this same hare, driven by a stroke of bad luck, began to urge his horse toward those parts, and to press on the chase vigorously. Finally, as the horse rushed forward heedlessly, it was driven headlong; and falling to the ground, threw the king headlong, and to the one lying there, stunned by the pain of the fall, the saddle crushed his head, so that the brain was emitted both through his ears and even through his nostrils. At this accident, the entire retinue, both those going before and those following, terrified by the harshness of the event, turned around, and wanting to bring help to the one lying there, found him lifeless, for he had neither voice nor sense.

Accidit autem illis diebus, quod cum dominus rex, una cum domina regina transcurso autumno, in civitate Acconense moram faceret, voluit regina, sublevandi gratia fastidii, extra urbem ad loca quaedam suburbana, fontibus irrigua, causa recreationis exire: quo dominus rex, ut solatium reginae non deesset, adjecit etiam ipse, cum solito comitatu proficisci. Dumque inter eundum esset, accidit casu ut qui agmina et comitatum praeibant pueri, leporem in sulcis jacentem excitarent, quem fugientem clamor prosecutus est universorum. Rex autem, arrepta lancea, ut eumdem leporem insectaretur, sinistro actus casu, equum ad illas coepit urgere partes, et cursui vehementer instare. Tandem inconsulte festinans equus in praeceps agitur; corruensque in terram, regem dedit praecipitem, jacentique prae casus dolore attonito, sella caput obtrivit, ita ut cerebrum tam per aures, quam per nares etiam emitteretur. Ad hunc casum, universus qui praeibat et qui sequebatur, facti acerbitate perterritus, conversus est comitatus, et jacenti opem ferre volentes, exanimem reperiunt, cui neque vox erat, neque sensus.

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On 13th November 1160 Louis VII King Franks (age 40) and Adèle Blois were married a month or so after his second wife (deceased) had died in childbirth; Louis needed an heir. She the daughter of Theobald Blois II Count Champagne IV Count Blois and Matilda Carinthia Countess Champagne and Blois. He the son of King Louis VI of France and Adelaide Savoy Queen Consort France. They were third cousin once removed. She a great granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England.

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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.

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On 13th November 1175 Henry Capet Archbishop of Reims (age 54) died.

On 13th November 1307 Archbishop Walter Reynolds was elected Bishop of Worcester.

On 13th November 1312 King Edward III of England was born to King Edward II of England (age 28) and Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 17) at Windsor Castle [Map]. He was christened on 17th November 1312 with Archbishop Walter Reynolds being one of his godfathers. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.17%. He married 24th January 1328 his second cousin Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England, daughter of William Hainault I Count Hainault III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland and Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainault, and had issue.

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke [-1360]. In the year of Christ 1312, the sixth year of Edward II, on the feast day of Saint Brice the Confessor [13th November 1312], there was born to the king (age 28) at Windsor by Queen Isabella (age 17) a magnificent victor over the French, a conqueror of the Scots, a rightful heir to the royal bloodline of both England and France, who in his time would be called Edward III after the Conquest. In this year, due to the joy of his son's birth and the love he bore for his queen, whom he cherished deeply and tenderly, the king concealed the grief he felt over the death of Peter, being uncertain in his own judgment and unsure to whom he could safely entrust his secret counsels or even his life in times of peril. Many were thus distanced, whether openly or secretly, from his friendship due to Peter's death. Consequently, the king, neglecting arms, sometimes indulged in genuine pleasures, at other times in feigned distractions. Meanwhile, as the nobles of the realm were preoccupied with enacting a timely punishment for Peter's death, Robert de Bruce seized almost all the castles and fortresses of Scotland, removing or executing the wardens who had been appointed by the king and his father.

Anno Christi MCCCXIJ, Edwardi secundi anno VJ, die sancti Bricii confessoris, apud Wyndesore natus est regi ex Isabella regina magnificus Gallorum triumfator, Scotorum consternator, rectilineari propagacione de sanguine regali Anglie et Francie utriusque regni heres futurus, suo tempore vocatus tercius Edwardus post conquestum. Hoc anno leticia nati filii et regine quam nimium dilexit et tenerrime confovit, ne quidquam molestie eii inferret, rex dissimulavit quam moleste gessit mortem Petri, ancipite quoque sua providencia, nescia cuius fidei sui concilia secreta aut vitam in periculis posset commendare amicabiliter; a cuius amicicia manifeste vel occulte Petri interitus sequestravit multos. Ipso propterea, armis neclectis, vacante solaciis quandoque veris nonnunquam simulatis, regni quoque proceribus in necem Petri oportune infligendam ocupatis, Robertus de Bruys fere omnia castra atque fortalicia Scocie adquisivit, et custodes deputatos per regem et ipsius patrem amovit vel peremit.

On 13th November 1362, his fiftieth birthday, King Edward III of England (age 50) created two sons as Dukes...

Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence (age 23) was created 1st Duke Clarence. Elizabeth Burgh Duchess of Clarence (age 30) by marriage Duchess Clarence.

John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 22) was created 1st Duke Lancaster. Blanche Duchess of Lancaster (age 20) by marriage Duchess Lancaster.

On 13th November 1386 Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 73) died of plague. His son Thomas (age 48) succeeded 12th Earl Warwick. Margaret Ferrers Countess Warwick (age 39) by marriage Countess Warwick.

On 13th November 1432 Anne Valois Duchess of Bedford (age 28) died at the Hôtel de Bourbon, Paris. She was buried at the Couvent des Célestins. In 1847 bones and other remains, with a plaque bearing her name, were found during archeological exploration of the Couvent, were identified as being those of Anne. In 1853, these remains were re-buried in the grave of her grandfather, Philip the Bold, in Saint Bégnine cathedral in Dijon. Her husband John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 43) remarried Jacquetta of Luxemburg Duchess Bedford (age 17) six months later.

Chronicle of Gregory [1400-1467]. 13th November 1432. And the same year deyde the Duchyes of Bedforde (age 28) in Fraunce, the wife of the Regyaunte (age 43), whos terment was solempny holde at Syn Poulys [Map] in London.

On 13th November 1440 Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland (age 61) died at Howden. She was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map] next to her mother Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster.

Chronicle of Gregory [1400-1467]. 13th November 1441. Ande in that same year the Lady of Glouceter (age 41) for the same treson she was juggyde by the spyrytualle lawe to iij sondyr or dyvers placys, that is to wete, on Mondaye, the xiij daye of Novembyr, to Powlys; and on the Wanysday i-sygnyd unto Crychyrche; and on the Fryday nexte folowyng to Synt Mychellys in Cornehylle.

On 13th November 1493 William Wittelsbach IV Duke Bavaria was born to Albert Wittelsbach IV Duke Bavaria (age 45) and Kunigunde Habsburg Duchess Bavaria (age 28). He married 1522 his second cousin once removed Marie Jakobaea Baden Duchess Bavaria, daughter of Philip Baden 1st Margrave Baden and Elisabeth of the Palatinate, and had issue.

Calais in the Hands of the English. 13th November 1532.... and the xiij. of Novembar toke shipe with lady Anne Boleyne (age 31) marchiones of Pembroke, who bare a greate rome with hym, and what she wolde have done was shortly finished; he made hir marchiones of Pembroke, and hir fathar ser Thomas Bolen erle of Wilshere: they landyd at Dovar the same daye.

On 13th November 1536 Robert Pakington (age 47) was shot and killed with a handgun; probably the first person to be murdered in England with a gun.

Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1537. 13th November 1537. 1079. Queen Margaret (age 47) to Henry VIII (age 46).

Rejoices that he has a prince. Hopes he is informed both by her own writings sent with the herald Master Svallo and the information sent to Sir Tomas Qwarton, how she is treated. Trusts Henry will not let her be wronged daily. Would sooner be dead than remain in such trouble as she has been in since Master Sadler's departure. Desires only to "brwk" her lands given her by the King her father and confirmed by the three estates of this realm; of which she is only debarred by lord Meffen (age 42). Has her sentence of divorce ready to be pronounced written and concluded with forty "famos prewes" (proofs), but the King her son (age 25) supports Meffen, as her husband, in possession of her lands. When she passed to her land the forest of Ettrick the King her son accused her of intending to marry "him that was Earl of Angus," which Henry knows she had never a mind to do. Her son will only let her "depart bed and bwred," which is unjust, and fears she will pass into England. Trusts Henry will for his own honor refuse redress on the Borders till she has her due. Is now 49 years old and should not travel like a poor gentlewoman, following her son from place to place as she has done for 20 weeks past. 13 Oct.

Wriothesley's Chronicle [1508-1562]. 13th November 1541. This yeare, the 13th daye of November, Sir Thomas Wriothesly, knight, and Secretary to the Kinge, came to Hampton Court to the Quene, and called all the ladies and gentlewomen and her servauntes into the Great Chamber, and there openlye afore them declared certeine offences that she had done in misusing her bodye with certeine persons afore the Kinges tyme, wherefore he there discharged all her househould; and the morrowe after she was had to Sion, and my Lady Bainton and 2 other gentlewomen, with certeine of her servauntes to wayte on her there till the Kinges further pleasure;a and divers persons were had to the Tower of London, as my Lady Rochford (age 36), Mr. Culpepper (age 27), one of the Kinges Privie Chamber, with other.

Note a. A letter from the Council to Archbishop Cranmer, signifying the King's pleasure as to the remove of Qneen Katharine Howard, and the discharge of her household, is printed in State Papers, Heniy VIII. rol. i. part ii. pp. 691-8.

Holinshed's Chronicle [1525-1582]. [13th November 1541]. Whereupon, the thirteenth of Nouember, sir Thomas Wriothesleie knight the kings secretarie, came to Hampton court unto the said quéene [Queen Catherine Howard of England (age 18)], and called all hir ladies, gentlewomen, and seruants into hir great chamber, & there openlie in presence of them all, declared hir offenses committed in abusing of hir bodie before hir mariage, & therwith he discharged hir houshold.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 13th November 1553. [The 13th of November were arraigned at Guildhall doctor Cranmer (age 64), archbishop of Canterbury, the lord] Gylfford Dudlay (age 18), the sune of the duke of Northumberland and my lade Jane (age 17) ys wyff, the doythur of the duke of Suffoke-Dassett (age 36), and the lord Hambrosse Dudlay (age 23), [and the] lord Hare Dudlay (age 22), the wyche lade Jane was proclamyd [Queen]: they all v wher cast for to dee.

Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1553. 13th November 1553. The xiijth daie of November were ledd out of the Tower on foot, to be arrayned, to yeldhall, with the axe before theym, from theyr warde, Thomas Cranmer (age 64), archbushoppe of Canterbury, between (blank)

Next followed the lorde Gilforde Dudley (age 18), between (blank)

Next followed the lady Jane (age 17), between (blank), and hir ij. gentyllwomen following hir.

Next followed the lorde Ambrose Dudley (age 23) and the lorde Harry Dudley (age 27).

The lady Jane was in a blacke gowne of cloth, tourned downe; the cappe lyned with fese velvett, and edget about with the same, in a French hoode, all black, with a black byllyment, a black velvet boke hanging before hir, and another boke in hir hande open, holding hir (the entry breaks off).

Henry Machyn's Diary. 13th November 1554. The xiij day of November was commondyd by the bysshope of London (age 54) to all clarkes in the dyoses [dioceses] of London for to have sant Necolas and to go a-brod, as mony as wold have ytt.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 13th November 1555. [The xiij day of November doctor Gardiner (deceased), bishop of Winchester, and lord chancellor of England, died in the morning, between twelve and one of the clock, at the King's] plasse, the wyche ys callyd Whyt-hall; [and by] iij of the cloke he was browt by water [to his own] plasse by sant Mary Overes [Map]; and by v of the [clock his bow]elles was taken owt, and bered a-fore the he [high] [altar; and] at vj the knyll begane ther, and at durge and masse contenuyd ryngyng alle the belles till vij at nyght.

The Huntingdon Peerage Chapter IX Ferdinando Sixth Earl of Huntingdon. FERDINANDO, sixth Earl of Huntingdon, heir and successor of Henry the fifth Earl (age 21), was born at Ashby [Map], January 11th, 1608. In March, 1627, he was returned to serve in Parliament for the county of Leicester, and two years after was joined with his father in the Lieutenancy of the counties of Leicester and Rutland. By indenture, dated May, 1638, he and his brother Henry, in consideration of the sum of 4,50l. granted, to John Earl of Bridgewater (age 29) and Thomas Davies, a moiety of the rectory of Mould, otherwise Mouldesdale, in Flintshire. On the 13th of November, 1641, his father being then still living, he had summons to Parliament amongst the barons of the realm; and in 1643 he succeeded to the family honours. He married Lucy, daughter and sole heir to Sir John Davys (age 38), of Englefield, Berks, Knt. (Premier Serjeant at Law to James the First, and Charles the First, as also Solicitor, and afterwards Attorney General in Ireland, and finally Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench,) by his wife Lady Eleanor (age 18), youngest daughter of George Lord Audley, Earl of Castlehaven (age 57), and, settling at Donnington Park, had by her four sons; Henry, John, Ferdinando, and Theophilus, born after the decease of his three brothers; and likewise six daughters, Alice, Eleanor, both of whom died young; Elizabeth, married to Sir James Laughan, of Cottesbroke, in Nottinghamshire, Bart, being his second wife, and dying without issue; Lucy, who died unmarried; Mary, espoused to Sir William Joliffe, of Caverswell Castle in Staffordshire, Knt.; and lastly Christiana.

On 13th November 1628 Thomas Richardson (age 59) ruled that it was illegal to use the rack to elicit confession from John Felton (age 33), the murderer of Duke of Buckingham. His opinion had the concurrence of his colleagues and marks a significant point in the history of English criminal jurisprudence.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1661. By appointment, we all went this morning to wait upon the Duke of York (age 28), which we did in his chamber, as he was dressing himself in his riding suit to go this day by sea to the Downs. He is in mourning for his wife's grandmother (deceased), which is thought a great piece of fondness1. After we had given him our letter relating the bad condition of the Navy for want of money, he referred it to his coming back and so parted, and I to Whitehall and to see la belle Pierce, and so on foot to my Lord Crew's, where I found him come to his new house, which is next to that he lived in last; here I was well received by my Lord and Sir Thomas, with whom I had great talk: and he tells me in good earnest that he do believe the Parliament (which comes to sit again the next week), will be troublesome to the Court and Clergy, which God forbid! But they see things carried so by my Lord Chancellor (age 52) and some others, that get money themselves, that they will not endure it.

Note 1. Fondness, foolishness. "Fondness it were for any, being free, To covet fetters, tho' they golden be". Spenser, Sonnet 37,-M. B.

Calendar of State Papers Charles II 13 Nov 1664. 13th November 1664. 93. William Coventry (age 36) to [Sec. Bennet (age 46)]. Hopes the wind will change, and bring the Charles and the other ships out of the river; will not then fear what Opdam can do, though the men are raw, and need a little time at sea. The Ruby and Happy Return have brought some supernumeraries, but 500 more are wanted; 200 are expected from Plymouth, but till some runaways are hanged, the ships cannot be kept well manned. Sends a list of some fit to be made examples of in the several counties where they were pressed, with the names of those who pressed them. The Dutch ship named before is brought in, and two others are stayed at Cowes, Isle of Wight by virtue of the embargo, the order in Council making no exception for foreigners, The King's pleasure should be known therein, as the end, which is to gather seamen, does not seem to require the stopping of foreigners. Prize officers must- be sent speedily to [Portsmouth], Dover, and Deal. Those at Deal, Kent [Map] should have men in readiness to carry prizes up the river, that the men belonging to the fleet be not scattered. Persons should also be hastened to 'take care of the sick and wounded. The Duke (age 31) intends to appoint Erwin captain of the ship hired to go to St. Helena; he is approved by the East India Company, which is important, trade being intermixed with convoy, and they find fault if a commander of the King's ships bring home any little matter privately bought. The Duke has divided the fleet into squadrons, assigning to each a vice and rear adiniral; Sir John Lawson (age 49) and Sir William Berkeley to his own, Mennes (age 65) and Sansum to Prince Rupert's (age 44), Sir George Aiscue (age 48) [Ayscough] and Teddeman to the Earl of Sandwich. Hopes in a few days to be in much better order, if good men can be got. Will send a list of the squadrons. The Guernsey is damaged by running aground. Rear-Admiral Teddeman, with 4 or 5 ships, has gone to course in the Channel, and if he meet any refractory Dutchmen, will teach them their duty. The King's declaration for encouraging seamen has much revived the men, and added to their courage. [Four pages.]

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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1666. At the office all the morning, at noon home to dinner, and out to Bishopsgate Street, and there bought some drinking-glasses, a case of knives, and other things, against tomorrow, in expectation of my Lord Hinchingbroke's (age 18) coming to dine with me.

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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1666. So home, and having set some things in the way of doing, also against to-morrow, I to my office, there to dispatch business, and do here receive notice from my Lord Hinchingbrooke (age 18) that he is not well, and so not in condition to come to dine with me to-morrow, which I am not in much trouble for, because of the disorder my house is in, by the bricklayers coming to mend the chimney in my dining-room for smoking, which they were upon almost till midnight, and have now made it very pretty, and do carry smoke exceeding well.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1667. So to supper and then to bed. This day Mr. Chichly (age 53) told me, with a seeming trouble, that the House have stopped his son Jack (Sir John) (age 27) his going to France, that he may be a witness against my Lord Sandwich (age 42): which do trouble me, though he can, I think, say little.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1667. By and by I met with Mr. Wren (age 38), who tells me that the Duke of York (age 34) is in as good condition as is possible for a man, in his condition of the smallpox. He, I perceive, is mightily concerned in the business of my Chancellor (age 58), the impeachment against whom is gone up to the House of Lords; and great differences there are in the Lords' House about it, and the Lords are very high one against another.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1668. Thence I home, and there to talk, with great pleasure all the evening, with my wife, who tells me that Deb, has been abroad to-day, and is come home and says she has got a place to go to, so as she will be gone tomorrow morning. This troubled me, and the truth is, I have a good mind to have the maidenhead of this girl, which I should not doubt to have if je could get time para be con her. But she will be gone and I not know whither. Before we went to bed my wife told me she would not have me to see her or give her her wages, and so I did give my wife £10 for her year and half a quarter's wages, which she went into her chamber and paid her, and so to bed, and there, blessed be God! we did sleep well and with peace, which I had not done in now almost twenty nights together. This afternoon I went to my coachmaker and Crow's (age 51), and there saw things go on to my great content. This morning, at the Treasury-chamber, I did meet Jack Fenn, and there he did shew me my Lord Anglesey's (age 54) petition and the King's answer: the former good and stout, as I before did hear it: but the latter short and weak, saying that he was not, by what the King (age 38) had done, hindered from taking the benefit of his laws, and that the reason he had to suspect his mismanagement of his money in Ireland, did make him think it unfit to trust him with his Treasury in England, till he was satisfied in the former.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1668. Thence I to the Three Tuns Tavern, by Charing Cross, and there dined with W. Pen (age 47), Sir J. Minnes (age 69), and Commissioner Middleton; and as merry as my mind could be, that hath so much trouble upon it at home. And thence to White Hall, and there staid in Mr. Wren's chamber with him, reading over my draught of a letter, which Mr. Gibson then attended me with; and there he did like all, but doubted whether it would be necessary for the Duke to write in so sharp a style to the Office, as I had drawn it in; which I yield to him, to consider the present posture of the times and the Duke of York (age 35) and whether it were not better to err on that hand than the other. He told me that he did not think it was necessary for the Duke of York to do so, and that it would not suit so well with his nature nor greatness; which last, perhaps, is true, but then do too truly shew the effects of having Princes in places, where order and discipline should be. I left it to him to do as the Duke of York pleases; and so fell to other talk, and with great freedom, of public things; and he told me, upon my several inquiries to that purpose, that he did believe it was not yet resolved whether the Parliament should ever meet more or no, the three great rulers of things now standing thus:-The Duke of Buckingham (age 40) is absolutely against their meeting, as moved thereto by his people that he advises with, the people of the late times, who do never expect to have any thing done by this Parliament for their religion, and who do propose that, by the sale of the Church-lands, they shall be able to put the King (age 38) out of debt: my Lord Keeper is utterly against putting away this and choosing another Parliament, lest they prove worse than this, and will make all the King's friends, and the King himself, in a desperate condition: my Lord Arlington (age 50) know not which is best for him, being to seek whether this or the next will use him worst. He tells me that he believes that it is intended to call this Parliament, and try them with a sum of money; and, if they do not like it, then to send them going, and call another, who will, at the ruin of the Church perhaps, please the King with what he will for a time. And he tells me, therefore, that he do believe that this policy will be endeavoured by the Church and their friends-to seem to promise the King money, when it shall be propounded, but make the King and these great men buy it dear, before they have it. He tells me that he is really persuaded that the design of the Duke of Buckingham is, by bringing the state into such a condition as, if the King do die without issue, it shall, upon his death, break into pieces again; and so put by the Duke of York, who they have disobliged, they know, to that degree, as to despair of his pardon. He tells me that there is no way to rule the King but by brisknesse, which the Duke of Buckingham hath above all men; and that the Duke of York having it not, his best way is what he practices, that is to say, a good temper, which will support him till the Duke of Buckingham and Lord Arlington fall out, which cannot be long first, the former knowing that the latter did, in the time of the Chancellor (age 59), endeavour with the Chancellor to hang him at that time, when he was proclaimed against. And here, by the by, he told me that the Duke of Buckingham did, by his friends, treat with my Chancellor, by the mediation of Matt. Wren (age 39) and Matt. Clifford, to fall in with my Chancellor; which, he tells me, he did advise my Chancellor to accept of, as that, that with his own interest and the Duke of York's, would undoubtedly have assured all to him and his family; but that my Chancellor was a man not to be advised, thinking himself too high to be counselled: and so all is come to nothing; for by that means the Duke of Buckingham became desperate, and was forced to fall in with Arlington, to his [the Chancellor's] ruin.

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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th November 1668. Up, and with Sir W. Pen (age 47) by coach to White Hall, where to the Duke of York (age 35), and there did our usual business; and thence I to the Commissioners of the Treasury, where I staid, and heard an excellent case argued between my Lord Gerard (age 50) and the Town of Newcastle [Map], about a piece of ground which that Lord hath got a grant of, under the Exchequer Seal, which they were endeavouring to get of the King (age 38) under the Great Seal. I liked mightily the Counsel for the town, Shaftow, their Recorder, and Mr. Offly. But I was troubled, and so were the Lords, to hear my Lord fly out against their great pretence of merit from the King, for their sufferings and loyalty; telling them that they might thank him for that repute which they have for their loyalty, for that it was he that forced them to be so, against their wills, when he was there: and, moreover, did offer a paper to the Lords to read from the Town, sent in 1648; but the Lords would not read it; but I believe it was something about bringing the King to trial, or some such thing, in that year.

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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

John Evelyn's Diary. 11th November 1677. I was all this week composing matters between old Mrs. Howard (age 51) and Sir Gabriel Sylvius, upon his long and earnest addresses to Mrs. Anne (age 24), her second daughter, maid of honor to the Queen (age 38). My friend, Mrs. Godolphin (age 25) (who exceedingly loved the young lady) was most industrious in it, out of pity to the languishing knight; so as though there were great differences in their years, it was at last effected, and they were married the 13th, in Henry VII.'s Chapel [Map], by the Bishop of Rochester (age 52), there being besides my wife (age 42) and Mrs. Graham (age 26), her sister, Mrs. Godolphin, and very few more. We dined at the old lady's, and supped at Mr. Graham's (age 28) at St. James's.

John Evelyn's Diary. 13th November 1695. Famous fireworks and very chargeable, the King (age 45) being returned from his progress. He stayed seven or eight days at Lord Sunderland's (age 54) at Althorpe [Map], where he was mightily entertained. These fireworks were shown before Lord Romney (age 54), Master of the Ordnance, in St. James's great square, where the King stood.

On 13th November 1697 William Manners was born to John Manners 2nd Duke Rutland (age 21) and Catherine Russell Duchess Rutland (age 21).

On 13th November 1701 Louise Christine Lorraine was born to Leopold Duke of Lorraine (age 22) and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine (age 25). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. She died aged less than one years old.

On 13th November 1708 Prince George of Denmark 1st Duke Cumberland (deceased) was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map].

On 13th November 1715 John Campbell 2nd Duke Argyll (age 35) commanded a british army against an army of Jacobites commanded by John Erskine 23rd Earl of Mar (age 40). The outcome of the battle was inconclusive.

John Lyon 5th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 19) was killed fighting for the Jacobites. His brother Charles (age 16) succeeded 6th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne.

On 13th November 1717 George William Hanover was born to King George II of Great Britain and Ireland (age 34) and Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England (age 34). He died aged less than one years old.

Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 13th November 1718. Mr Norroy (age 57) brought us an old roll in Parchment of the Blazon of the Coats of Aarms of all the County of Norfolk in the time of Henry VII said to be done by the Botton[?] herald to Sir John Falstaff. An old deed upon parchment of Edward the Confessor, a piece of great antiquity. Its a donation of a Mannor [Manor] in Great Swell [Map] in Gloucestershire to the Abby of Evesham [Map]. Likewise two curious old books of seals of the nobility, with many ancient deeds, &c.

On 13th November 1726 Sophia Dorothea of Celle (age 60) died shortly before midnight. An autopsy revealed liver failure and gall bladder occlusion due to 60 gallstones. Her former husband King George I (age 66) died seven months later.

On 13th November 1727 Charles Mordaunt 4th Earl Peterborough 2nd Earl Monmouth (age 19) commenced his education at Balliol College, Oxford University.

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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

After 13th November 1746. Hasting's Chapel, St Helen's Church, Ashby-de-la-Zouch [Map]. Monument to Theophilus Hastings 9th Earl Huntingdon (deceased). The bust in the roundel of his wife Selina Shirley Countess Huntingdon (age 39) sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack (age 52). The monument was designed by William Kent. The obelisk sculpted by Joseph Pickford. The epitaph was written by Henry St John 1st Viscount Bolingbroke (age 68).

On 13th November 1760 George Tollemache (age 16) drowned on a voyage to Lisbon after falling from the mizzen topmast head of HMS Modeste.

On 13th November 1837 Susan Harriet Innes-Kerr was born to James Innes-Kerr 6th Duke Roxburghe (age 21). She married 6th August 1857 James Grant-Suttie 6th Baronet and had issue.

On 13th November 1849 William Etty (age 62) died.

The Diary of George Price Boyce 1851. 13th November 1851. After Clipstone Street spent the evening with Wells (age 22) at John (age 24) and Thomas Seddon's (age 30), 7 Percy Street; G. Rossetti (age 23), F. M. Brown (age 30) and G. Truefitt (age 27) were there.

On 13th November 1866 Admiral William Parker 1st Baronet (age 84) died. Monument in Lichfield Cathedral [Map]. His son William (age 42) succeeded 2nd Baronet Parker of Shenstone.

William Parker 2nd Baronet: On 14th August 1824 he was born to Admiral William Parker 1st Baronet and Frances Anne Biddulph. On 6th June 1885 William Parker 2nd Baronet and Jane Constance Biddulph were married. They were first cousins. On 23rd January 1902 William Parker 2nd Baronet died. His son William succeeded 3rd Baronet Parker of Shenstone.

On 13th November 1871 Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill 9th Duke of Marlborough was born to George Charles Spencer-Churchill 8th Duke of Marlborough (age 27) and Albertha Frances Anne Hamilton Duchess of Marlborough (age 24) at Simla. He married (1) 6th November 1895 Consuelo Vanderbilt Duchess of Marlborough and had issue (2) 2nd January 1921 Gladys Marie Deacon Duchess of Marlborough.

On 13th November 1872 Margaret Sarah Carpenter nee Geddes (age 79) died.

On 13th November 1872 John Byam Liston Shaw was born in Madras aka Chennai, India. The son of John Shaw, registrar of the High Court at Madras, and his wife, Sophia Alicia Byam Gunthorpe. He married 1899 Evelyn Caroline Eunice Pyke-Nott.

New York Times 13 Nov 1904. 13th November 1904. VAL PRINSEP (deceased), R. A., DEAD. Well-Known English Artist Was Born in India in 1838.

LONDON, Nov. 12.—Valantine Cameron Prinsep, R. A., better known as Val Prinsep, Professor of Painting to the Royal Academy, died yesterday from the effects of an operation.

It was thought in 1896 that Val Prinsep would be elected President of the Royal Academy, but Sir Edward Poynter was (age 68) the successful candidate.

Mr. Prinsep was born in India in 1838. but was educated in England, returning to the land of his birth in 1876 to paint what is perhaps his best-known work, the "Declaration of the Queen as Empress" at the famous Delhi Durbar. A pupil of Watts and Gleyre, Prinsep exhibited his first picture at the Academy in 1862, when he was twenty-four years old. He achieved rapid success and became an A. R. A. in and an R. A. in 1894. He was an author and playwright as well as a painter.

Mr. Prinsep married a daughter [Florence Leyland (age 45)] of the late F. R. Leyland, the patron of Whistler and Rossetti. When Mr. Leyland died there was a good deal of criticism of the Prinseps because the "Peacock Room" in his London house was not preserved where the public could see it. This work of Whistler, who was a fellow-pupil of Prinsep under Gleyre, has recently been bought by an American.

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The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 9th November 1911 Henry Hall Scott (age 77) died at Edinburgh. He was buried in Lesbury Churchyard [Map] on Monday, 13th November 1911. The coffin was conveyed from Hispburn to Lesbury on a draped lorry, and the burial service was conducted by the Reverend Canon Moore of Alnwick, and the Reverend G. Bray, of Lesbury.

Will of Sir Henry Hall Scott has been proved, the gross value of his estate being declared at £421,790. The testator makes the following charitable bequests:- To the poor of Lochearron £1,000, and to the poor of Glenelg and Arnisdale £1,000. Sir Henry also directed the payment of £50 to each of his shepherds and farm stewards in Northumberland who at his death has been eight years in his service: one year's wages to each of the maids who had been four years in his service: £50 each to his coachman and chauffeur, and various legacies to other employees. He also makes provision for the widows of old servants.

His will was questioned by his wife Dame Henrietta, the plaintiff, and the defendants were Adam Scott, George Henry Hall Scott (age 29), Janet May Hebeler and Margaret Christabel Scott. The point in question was the wording was ‘The whole of my income' and whether the whole of the residue was divisible as income among the testator's children, or whether part of it ought to be capitalised. Mr Justice Joyce held that the children of the testator were entitled to receive the whole of the residue in equal shares.

Henrietta Gaukroger: she was born to George Gaukroger and Margaret Gibson. In or before 1873 Henry Hall Scott and she were married.

On 13th November 1950 Rowena Wall Duchess Somerset (age 89) died.

Births on the 13th November

On 13th November 1312 King Edward III of England was born to King Edward II of England (age 28) and Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 17) at Windsor Castle [Map]. He was christened on 17th November 1312 with Archbishop Walter Reynolds being one of his godfathers. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.17%. He married 24th January 1328 his second cousin Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England, daughter of William Hainault I Count Hainault III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland and Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainault, and had issue.

On 13th November 1493 William Wittelsbach IV Duke Bavaria was born to Albert Wittelsbach IV Duke Bavaria (age 45) and Kunigunde Habsburg Duchess Bavaria (age 28). He married 1522 his second cousin once removed Marie Jakobaea Baden Duchess Bavaria, daughter of Philip Baden 1st Margrave Baden and Elisabeth of the Palatinate, and had issue.

On 13th November 1504 Landgrave Philip I of Hesse was born to William II Landgrave of Hesse (age 35). He married 11th December 1523 his third cousin Christine of Saxony and had issue.

On 13th November 1615 Mary Carey was born to Henry Carey 1st Earl Dover (age 35) and Judith Pelham Countess Dover (age 25). She married in or before 1647 her second cousin Thomas Wharton and had issue.

On 13th November 1681 James Lee was born to Edward Lee 1st Earl Lichfield (age 18) and Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield (age 17). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 13th November 1693 Thomas Watson 1st Marquess Rockingham was born to Thomas Watson (age 28).

On 13th November 1697 William Manners was born to John Manners 2nd Duke Rutland (age 21) and Catherine Russell Duchess Rutland (age 21).

On 13th November 1701 Louise Christine Lorraine was born to Leopold Duke of Lorraine (age 22) and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine (age 25). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. She died aged less than one years old.

On 13th November 1717 George William Hanover was born to King George II of Great Britain and Ireland (age 34) and Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England (age 34). He died aged less than one years old.

On 13th November 1733 Richard Bagot aka Howard was born to Walter Wagstaffe Bagot 5th Baronet (age 31) and Barbara Legge Baroness Bagot (age 24). He married 25th February 1783 Frances Howard and had issue.

On 13th November 1757 George Capell Coningsbury 5th Earl Essex was born to William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex (age 25) and Frances Hanbury Williams Countess Essex. He married 6th June 1786 Sarah Bazett Countess Essex.

On 13th November 1760 Washington Shirley 8th Earl Ferrers was born to Robert Shirley 6th Earl Ferrers (age 37) and Catherine Cotton Countess Ferrers (age 41). He married 24th July 1781 Frances Ward and had issue.

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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 13th November 1771 Josias Henry Stracey 4th Baronet was born to Edward Stracey 1st Baronet (age 30).

On 13th November 1775 Richard Butler 1st Earl Glengall was born.

On 13th November 1797 Jacob Astley 16th Baron Hastings was born to Jacob Astley 5th Baronet (age 41) and Hester Browne Lady Astley (age 29). He married 1819 Georgiana Carolina Dashwood Lady Astley, daughter of Henry Watkin Dashwood 3rd Baronet and Helen Graham, and had issue.

On 13th November 1802 William Owen Stanley was born to John Stanley 1st Baron Stanley Alderley (age 35) and Maria Josepha Holroyd Baroness Stanley Alderley. He married 1832 Ellin Williams.

On 13th November 1802 James Hay Langham 11th Baronet was born to James Langham 10th Baronet (age 26) and Elizabeth Burdett Lady Langham. He married 19th June 1828 Margaret Emma Kenyon.

On 13th November 1805 Eleanor Bridges was born to Brook William Bridges 4th Baronet (age 38) and Eleanor Foote (age 34). She married 10th April 1828 Reverend Henry Western Plumptre and had issue.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 13th November 1806 Philip de Malpas Grey-Egerton 10th Baronet was born to Philip Egerton 9th Baronet (age 39) and Rebecca Du Pre Lady Egerton (age 26).

On 13th November 1811 Reverend William Henry Egerton was born to Philip Egerton 9th Baronet (age 44) and Rebecca Du Pre Lady Egerton (age 31).

On 13th November 1837 Susan Harriet Innes-Kerr was born to James Innes-Kerr 6th Duke Roxburghe (age 21). She married 6th August 1857 James Grant-Suttie 6th Baronet and had issue.

On 13th November 1853 Frederick Gunning 6th Baronet was born to George Gunning 5th Baronet (age 25).

On 13th November 1856 Brooke Boothby 10th Baronet was born to Reverend Brooke William Boothby 9th Baronet (age 47) and Martha Serena Boothby. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 13th November 1860 Charles Chetwynd-Talbot 20th Earl of Shrewsbury 5th Earl Talbot was born to Charles Chetwynd-Talbot 19th Earl of Shrewsbury 4th Earl Talbot (age 30) and Anna Theresa Cockerell Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford (age 24). He married June 1882 Ellen Palmer Morewood Countess Shrewsbury Waterford Talbot and had issue.

On 13th November 1868 Grosvenor Hood 5th Viscount Hood was born to Francis Wheler Hood 4th Viscount Hood (age 30) and Edith Lydia Drummond Ward Viscountess Hood (age 20). He married 28th February 1911 Jane Primrose Stapleton-Cotton Viscountess Hood.

On 13th November 1871 Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill 9th Duke of Marlborough was born to George Charles Spencer-Churchill 8th Duke of Marlborough (age 27) and Albertha Frances Anne Hamilton Duchess of Marlborough (age 24) at Simla. He married (1) 6th November 1895 Consuelo Vanderbilt Duchess of Marlborough and had issue (2) 2nd January 1921 Gladys Marie Deacon Duchess of Marlborough.

On 13th November 1872 John Byam Liston Shaw was born in Madras aka Chennai, India. The son of John Shaw, registrar of the High Court at Madras, and his wife, Sophia Alicia Byam Gunthorpe. He married 1899 Evelyn Caroline Eunice Pyke-Nott.

On 13th November 1889 Wenefryde Agatha Scott 10th Countess of Dysart was born to Charles Norman Lindsay Tollemache Scott and Agnes Mary Manners Tollemache (age 34).

On 13th November 1890 Victor Alexander Herbert Huia Onslow was born to William Onslow 4th Earl Onslow (age 37) and Florence Coulston Gardner Countess Onslow (age 37). He married 3rd February 1919 Muriel Wheldale.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

Marriages on the 13th November

On 13th November 1160 Louis VII King Franks (age 40) and Adèle Blois were married a month or so after his second wife (deceased) had died in childbirth; Louis needed an heir. She the daughter of Theobald Blois II Count Champagne IV Count Blois and Matilda Carinthia Countess Champagne and Blois. He the son of King Louis VI of France and Adelaide Savoy Queen Consort France. They were third cousin once removed. She a great granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England.

On 13th November 1654 Edward Watson 2nd Baron Rockingham (age 24) and Anne Wentworth Baroness Rockingham (age 25) were married. She the daughter of Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl Strafford and Arabella Holles. They were fifth cousin once removed.

On 13th November 1797 Henry Hoghton 7th Baronet (age 29) and Susannah Brooke Lady Hoghton (age 35) were married. She by marriage Lady Hoghton of Hoghton Tower in Lancashire.

On 13th November 1860 Wilfrid Lawson 2nd Baronet (age 31) and Mary Pocklington Senhouse (age 20) were married. They had four boys and four girls.

On 13th November 1866 Richard Horner Paget 1st Baronet (age 34) and Caroline Isabel Surtees (age 18) were married.

Deaths on the 13th November

On 13th November 1093 the Battle of Alnwick was fought at Alnwick, Northumberland [Map] between the forces of King Malcolm III of Scotland (age 62) and Robert de Mowbray 1st Earl Northumbria.

King Malcolm III of Scotland was killed at The Peth Alnwick [Map]. His son Duncan (age 33) succeeded II King Scotland. He died a year minus day later.

Malcolm's son Edward Dunkeld was killed.

Edward Dunkeld: he was born to King Malcolm III of Scotland and Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland. On 16th November 1093 Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland died three days after her husband King Malcolm III of Scotland and her son Edward Dunkeld were killed at the Battle of Alnwick.

On 13th November 1143 Fulk "Young" King Jerusalem (age 54) died in a hunting accident. His wife Melisende Queen of Jerusalem (age 38) continued to reign in her own right with their son Baldwin III King Jerusalem (age 13).

On 13th November 1175 Henry Capet Archbishop of Reims (age 54) died.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 13th November 1239 Henry of Bar II Count of Bar died. His son Theobald (age 18) succeeded II Count Bar.

On 13th November 1299 Bishop Oliver Sutton (age 80) died at Nettleham.

On 13th November 1386 Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 73) died of plague. His son Thomas (age 48) succeeded 12th Earl Warwick. Margaret Ferrers Countess Warwick (age 39) by marriage Countess Warwick.

On 13th November 1396 John Devereux 2nd Baron Devereux (age 18) died. His sister Joan (age 17) succeeded 3rd Baroness Devereux.

On 13th November 1397 Anne Welles Countess Ormonde (age 37) died.

On 13th November 1432 Anne Valois Duchess of Bedford (age 28) died at the Hôtel de Bourbon, Paris. She was buried at the Couvent des Célestins. In 1847 bones and other remains, with a plaque bearing her name, were found during archeological exploration of the Couvent, were identified as being those of Anne. In 1853, these remains were re-buried in the grave of her grandfather, Philip the Bold, in Saint Bégnine cathedral in Dijon. Her husband John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 43) remarried Jacquetta of Luxemburg Duchess Bedford (age 17) six months later.

On 13th November 1440 Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland (age 61) died at Howden. She was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map] next to her mother Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster.

On 13th November 1507 George Lumley 2nd Baron Lumley (age 62) died. His grandson Richard (age 30) succeeded 3rd Baron Lumley.

On 13th November 1640 Nicholas Saundeson 2nd Viscount Castleton died. His son Nicholas (age 14) succeeded 3rd Viscount Castleton.

On 13th November 1695 William Byron 3rd Baron Byron (age 59) died. His son William (age 25) succeeded 4th Baron Byron of Rochdale in Lancashire.

On 13th November 1715 John Campbell 2nd Duke Argyll (age 35) commanded a british army against an army of Jacobites commanded by John Erskine 23rd Earl of Mar (age 40). The outcome of the battle was inconclusive.

John Lyon 5th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 19) was killed fighting for the Jacobites. His brother Charles (age 16) succeeded 6th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 13th November 1726 Sophia Dorothea of Celle (age 60) died shortly before midnight. An autopsy revealed liver failure and gall bladder occlusion due to 60 gallstones. Her former husband King George I (age 66) died seven months later.

On 13th November 1733 Charlotte Herbert Viscountess Windsor (age 57) died at Reigate, Surrey [Map].

On 13th November 1760 James Dalrymple 3rd Earl of Stair (age 61) died. His brother William (age 61) succeeded 4th Earl of Stair.

On 13th November 1771 Elizabeth Chapman Countess Gainsborough (age 63) died.

On 13th November 1774 Robert Rochfort 1st Earl of Belvedere (age 66) died. His son George (age 36) succeeded 2nd Earl Belvedere, 2nd Viscount Belfield, 2nd Baron Belfield.

On 13th November 1778 John Douglas 3rd Baronet (age 70) died. His son William (age 48) succeeded 4th Baronet Kelhead.

On 13th November 1797 Reverend Mark Browne 9th Viscount Montagu (age 52) died. Viscount Montagu extinct.

On 13th November 1806 John Stewart 7th Earl Galloway (age 70) died. His son George (age 38) succeeded 8th Earl Galloway, 7th Baronet Stewart of Corsewall, 6th Baronet Stewart of Burray in Orkney. Jane Paget Countess Galloway (age 32) by marriage Countess Galloway.

On 13th November 1807 John Smith 1st Baronet (age 63) died. His son John (age 37) succeeded 2nd Baronet Smith of Sydling St Nicholas. Elizabeth Anne Marriot Lady Smith (age 40) by marriage Lady Smith of Sydling St Nicholas.

On 13th November 1828 Baldwin Leighton 6th Baronet (age 81) died. His son Baldwin (age 23) succeeded 7th Baronet Leighton of Wattlesborough.

On 13th November 1844 Gregory Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes 8th or 14th Baron Saye and Sele (age 75) died. His son William (age 46) succeeded 9th or 15th Baron Saye and Sele.

On 13th November 1847 Hester Granville Countess Fortescue (age 81) died.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 13th November 1849 William Etty (age 62) died.

On 13th November 1855 Richard Sutton 2nd Baronet (age 55) died. His son John (age 35) succeeded 3rd Baronet Sutton of Norwood Park in Nottinghamshire.

On 13th November 1864 Sarah Douglas Marchioness Queensbury died.

On 13th November 1866 Admiral William Parker 1st Baronet (age 84) died. Monument in Lichfield Cathedral [Map]. His son William (age 42) succeeded 2nd Baronet Parker of Shenstone.

William Parker 2nd Baronet: On 14th August 1824 he was born to Admiral William Parker 1st Baronet and Frances Anne Biddulph. On 6th June 1885 William Parker 2nd Baronet and Jane Constance Biddulph were married. They were first cousins. On 23rd January 1902 William Parker 2nd Baronet died. His son William succeeded 3rd Baronet Parker of Shenstone.

On 13th November 1872 Margaret Sarah Carpenter nee Geddes (age 79) died.

On 13th November 1904 Harriet Jacqueline Buller Lady Salusbury-Trelawny (age 83) died.

On 13th November 1918 Robert Grosvenor 2nd Baron Ebury (age 84) died. His son Robert (age 50) succeeded 3rd Baron Ebury.

On 13th November 1928 Dudley Stanhope 9th Earl of Harrington (age 69) died. His son Charles (age 41) succeeded 10th Earl Harrington, 10th Viscount Petersham, 10th Baron Harrington.

On 13th November 1940 Captain John Ralph Starkey 1st Baronet (age 81) died. His son William (age 40) succeeded 2nd Baronet Starkey of Norwood Park in Nottinghamshire.

On 13th November 1942 John Edwards 3rd Baronet (age 53) died. His brother Charles (age 49) succeeded 4th Baronet Edwards of Pyenest in West Yorkshire.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall describes the reigns of Kings Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, providing a wealth of information about their lives and the events of the time. Ralph's work is detailed, comprehensive and objective. We have augmented Ralph's text with extracts from other contemporary chroniclers to enrich the reader's experience. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 13th November 1950 Rowena Wall Duchess Somerset (age 89) died.

On 13th November 1952 Henry Holmes Miller 9th Baronet (age 85) died. His son Ernest (age 55) succeeded 10th Baronet Miller of Chichester in Sussex.

On 13th November 1954 Frances Louisa Spencer-Churchill Lady Gresley (age 84) died.

On 13th November 1960 Hugh Douglas Blackett 8th Baronet (age 87) died. He was buried at Holy Trinity Church, Matfen. His son Charles (age 56) succeeded 9th Baronet Blackett of Newcastle in Northumberland.

On 13th November 1969 Edward Littleton 5th Baron Hatherton (age 69) died. His brother John (age 63) succeeded 6th Baron Hatherton.

On 13th November 2012 Robert Shirley 13th Earl Ferrers (age 83) died. His son Robert (age 59) succeeded 14th Earl Ferrers, 20th Baronet Shirley of Staunton Harold in Leicestershire.