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23 Feb is in February.
1447 Death of Humphrey of Lancaster
1462 Vere Plot to Murder Edward IV
1503 Death and Funeral of Elizabeth of York
1511 Birth and Death of Prince Henry
1533 Marriage of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn
1661 Charles II Continues to Reward those who Supported His Restoration
Events on the 23rd February
On 23rd February 1188 Peter Burgundy was born to Sancho "Populator" I King Portugal (age 33) and Dulce Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal.
On 23rd February 1216 Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex (age 25) was killed in a tournament. His brother William succeeded 3rd Earl Essex.
Patent Rolls. 23rd February 1327. Pardon to Richard de Holand, knight, at the request of Edmund, earl of Kent (age 25), the king's uncle, and of Roger de Mortuo Mari (age 39), for all breaches of the peace and other offences in the late king's reign. By p.s.
Vault below St Alban's Shrine, St Albans Cathedral in which Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester (age 56) was buried after 23rd February 1447. Restored in 2000.
A stone chamber, below the abbey shrine area, built in the 1440s as the tomb of Duke Humphrey of Gloucester; it was rediscovered in 1703. This is 'the earliest accessible vault with its own distinct entrance, approached down a steep flight of steps. On the east wall are traces of a painting of the Crucifixion, another unique feature. The original coffin was destroyed 1713-22 but some bones remain in the vault.
On 23rd February 1447 Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester (age 56) died at Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk [Map]. He was possibly poisoned although more likely he died from a stroke. Duke Gloucester, Earl Pembroke extinct. His death left England with no heir to the throne in a direct line. Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 35) became heir presumptive until the birth of Edward of Westminster Prince of Wales six years later.
Chronicle of Robert Fabyan. [23rd February 1447] Than thus contynuynge this parliament, within, vi. dayes after ye duke was arrestid, The dukeof he was foude deed in his bedde, beynge the. xxiiii. daye of February; of whose murdre dyuerse reportes ar made, which I passe ouer. Than his corps, [whiche] was layde opyn yt all men myght se hym, but no woude was founde on hym. Of that honourable fame of this man, a longe style I myght make, of the good rule yt he kept this lade in, duringe ye none age of the kynge, and of his honourable housholde & lybertie, whiche passyd all other before his tyme, and trtwe of his allegeaunce, that no man co\vde with rygbt accuse, but malycious persones, whiche his glorious honour & fame, lafte nat maligne agayne hym, tyil he were put fronie all worldly rule, and specially for it was thought that durynge his lyfe, he wolde withstand*? the delyuery of Angeou and Mayne, before promysed. This for his honourable 8c lybirall demeanure was surnamed ye good duke of Clouccter. Then after he had lyen opyn a season, that all men myght be assuryd of his dethe, the corps was honourably prouydyd for, and so conveyed unto Seynt Albonys, and there buryed nere unto the shryne of seynt Albone, to whose soule God be mercyfull. Amen.
Camden Society 1880 Volume 28. This yere was the Parlement at Bury for the Duke of Glowcester (age 56) with grete treison wrought a yenes him comyng thedir, and was loged in the Ospitale, for whom was raysed lx ml men. And as he sate at soper, lordis of dyverse degreis came to him in the kynges name dischargeynge him of the kynges presense, and of all other maner of answeres. And so they a restid him of hie treyson. And þat he mekely obeyed, and all his men were avoyded from him full hevely. And sone after he dissesyd, the sykenes howe God knowith. And xxxij [32] of his men were sentt to dyverse persones, and afterward v [5] of his men were broȝt to London. And ther thei were dampned to be drawe, hanged, and quarterd; and so they were drawe to Tiborn. And thes bethe their names: Arteys the Dukys bastard sonne, and Herberd squyer, Medilton squyer, and Sir Roger Chamburlayne knyght, and Nedame yoman. And ther thei were hanged and lette downe quycke; and ther was the Markes of Southefolke, and shewed a chartour generall for hem all; and so they were pardoned and had lyfe and godes.
An English Chronicle. [23rd February 1447]. And the iij. day aftir, he deide for sorou, as some men saide, because he myghte not come to his ansuer and excuse him of suche thyngis as were falsli put on him; for the said duke of Suffolk and lord Say, and othir of thair assent, so stirid and excitid the kyng ayens the said duke of Gloucestre that he myghte nevir come to his excuse; for thay hadde cast among thaym a prive conclusioun, the whiche as yit is not come to the knowlage of the commune peple, and thay wiste welle that thay sholde nevir brynge it aboute til he were ded; but the certaynte of his deth is not yit openly knowe, but ther is no thyng so prive, as the gospell saith, but atte laste it shal be openne.
Hall's Chronicle. 23rd February 1447. The duke the night after his emprisonement, was found dedde in his bed, and his body shewed to the lordes and commons, as though he had died of a palsey or empostome: but all indifferent persons well knewe, that he died of no natural death but of some violet force: some Judged hym to be strangled: some affirme, that a hote spittewas put in at his foundement: other write, that he was stiffeled or smoldered betwene twoo fetherbeddes. After whose deathe, none of his seruauntes (although they were arraigned and attainted) wer put to death: for the Marques of Suffolk, when they should haue been executed, shewed openly their pardon, but this doyng appeased not the grudge of the people, whiche saied that the pardone of the seruauntes, was no amendes for murderyng of their master. The dedde corse of the duke, was caried to sainct Albons, and there honorably buried. Thus was this noble prince, sonne, brother, and vncle to kynges, whiche had valeauntly and pollitiquely by the space of xxv. yeres gouerned this Realme, and for his demerites, called the good duke of Gloucester, by a bone cast by his enemies, choked and brought to his fatall fine, and laste ende. So all men maie openly se that to men in aucthoritie, no place no not the courte the cheif refuge of all, nor the dwellyng house, nor yet a mannes priuate Castle, or his bed orcleined for his quietnes, is out of daungier of deathes dart. It semeth to many men, that the name and title of Gloucester, hath been vnfortunate and vnluokie to diverse, whiche for their honor, haue been erected by creacion of princes, to that stile and dignitie, as Hugh Spencer, Thomas of Woodstocke, sonne to kyng Edward the third, and this duke Humfrey, whiche thre persones, by miserable death finished their dales, and after them kyng Richard the. iii. also, duke of Gloucester, in ciuill warre slain and confounded: so yt this name of Gloucester, is taken for an vnhappie and vnfortunate stile, as the prouerbe speaketh of Seianes horse, whose rider was ever vnhorscd, and whose possessor was ever brought to miserie. When the rumor of the dukes death, was blowen through the realme, many men wer sodainly appalled and amased for teare: many abhorred and'detested ye faict, but all men reputed it an abhominable crueltie, and a shameful tiranny. But the publique wealth of the realme of Englande, by the vnworthy death of this pollitique prince, susteined greate losse, & ran into ruyne, for surely the whole waight and burden of the realme, rested and depended vpon him, as the experience afterward did declare. For after his death, good & sage men fearing the selfes, fled out of ye flatteryng court, into whose places entered suche, as desiryng their awne promocion, set open the gates to new faccions, whiche could neuer be extinct till all the seignorics beyod the sea (except Caleice & the marches) were lost, & kyng Henry in conclusion spojled of hys Realme & lyfe. There is an olde sayd saw, that a man entendyng to auoide the smoke, falleth into the fyre: So here the Quene mynding to preserue her husband in honor, & her selfe in aucthoritie, procured & consentid to the death of this noble man, whose onely death brought to passe that thynge, which she woulde most fayne haue eschewed, and toke from her that iewel, w hiche she moste desired: for if this Duke had lyued, the Duke of Yorke durst not haue made title to the crowne: if this Duke had liuyd, the nobles had not conspired against the king, nor yet the cosmos had not rebelled: if this Duke had lyued, the house of Lancastre had not been defaced and destroyed, which thynges hapned all contrary by the destruccion of this good man. This is the worldly iudgement, but God knoweth, what he had predestinate & what he had ordained before, against whose ordenaunce preuayleth no counsaill, and against whose will auayleth no stryuinge.
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Chronicle of Gregory. 23rd February 1447. And uppon the Thursseday next folowynge he [Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester (age 56)] dyssesyd ande passyde out of this wrecchide and false trobely worlde. And he is buryde at Syn Albonys [Map].
Chronicle of England by William of Worcester. William148, the fourth son of Duke Richard, was born on the 7th of July at Fotheringhay. On the 23rd of February [1447], a Thursday, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (age 56), uncle of Henry VI, died in parliament at Bury [St. Edmunds]. Henry Beaufort (age 72), Cardinal of England, brother of King Henry IV, died on the 11th of April [1447]. John Holland, Duke of Exeter, died on the 5th of August [1447].
Natus est Willelmus, quartus filius Ricardi ducis, vij. die Julii apud Fodryngay. Obiit xxiij. die Februarii, die Jovis, Hunfridus, dux Gloucestriæ, avunculus Henrici VI. in parliamento apud Bury. Obiit Henricus Beauford, cardinalis Angliæ, frater regis Henrici Quarti, xj. die Aprilis. Obiit dominus Johannes Holonde, dux Exoniæ, y. die Augusti.
Note 148. William of York. Born 7th July 1447. Died young.
On 23rd February 1462 William Tyrrell (age 54), John Montgomery and Thomas Tuddenham (age 60) were beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].
Chronicle of Robert Fabyan. 23rd February 1462. And upon the. xxiii. daye of the same moneth, syr Thomas Todenham (age 60), Wyllyam Tyrell (age 54), & lohn Mongomory were also there behedid.
On 23rd February 1503 Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (deceased) was buried in the King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey [Map]. Her sister Catherine York Countess Devon (age 23) chief mourner.
The Antiquarian Repertory. 23rd February 1503. On the morne anon after vi [6] of the Clock began the laudes Sungen by the kings Chappell. Then the Deane and the other laides which were redy by vii [7] of the Clock.
Then began our lady Masse Songen by the Byshopp of Lincolne, th' Abbott of Winchcombe gospeller and doctor Hatton Epistoler in the absence of the priour of Crychurch alt that Masse the lady Katherine (age 23) accompanied as before led by the Marquis and th' Earle of Darby (age 68). And the lady Marquisse the Elder bare her traine and all th' other ladies accompanied her and none offred but she alone at that Masse a piece of iijs iiijd in gold.
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
The Antiquarian Repertory. 23rd February 1503. And after th' offring of money there were offered to the Corps by the laides xxxvij [37] palls in manner as followeth first the lady Montjoy (age 24) a pall delivered to her at the quier dore by a gent huisher and when she came to the feete of the Corps there stood two officers of Armes after that she had done her obey sauce and kissed it and layd it along the Corps In likewise the lady Dacre of the south (age 33) offred another which the said officers layde a Crosse over that other and lykewise these laides offred palls whose names follow.
The lady Fitzwater (age 24).
The lady Gordon.
The lady Scrope,
The lady Powys.
The lady Clifford,
The lady Daubeny.
The lady vicountesse Lisley (age 18) ij.
The lady Anne Percy.
The lady Lucey of Montague.
The lady Herbard.
The countess of Essex iij.
The lady Elizebeth Stafford iij.
The lady marquisse iiij.
Every of the Queens sisters instead of Dutchesses v which all were layde acrosse over the Corps.
All the Ceremony of that offring doone to the sermon said by the said lord Richard Fitzjames Byshopp of Rochester which tooke to his anteme Misere mei misere mei saltern vos amici mei quia manus Dm tetigit me he spake these wordes in the name of England and the lovers and friends of the same seing the great losse of that vertuous Queene and that noble prince and th' Arch Byshop of Canterbury.
The Masse done a mynister of the Church tooke away the palls.
Then the ladyes depted.
After whose depture the Image with the Crowne and the rich robes were had to a secret place to St Edwards shrine.
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Wriothesley's Chronicle. 1st January 1511. This yeare, Prince Henrie, the Kings (age 19) first sonne, was borne at Richmonde [Map] on Newe Yeares dayeb, and on St. Mathie's day [Note. 23 Feb] after the saide Prince died, and was buried at Westminster [Map].
Note b. On the 1st January, 1510 [Note. 1511 if years are adjusted to begin on 01 Jan.]
Note c. Or rather St. Mathias' eve, February 23. Hall, howerer, says that this Prince died on "the 22 Feb. being the Even of Saint Mathy," which would seem to show that St. Mathias' day was sometimes kept on the 23rd, instead of the 24th February, in which case our text is correct.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1533. 23rd February 1533. Vienna Archives. 180. Chapuys (age 43) to Charles V.
As the Queen sees that the obstinacy of the King increases daily, and the appearances of disorder in view of the new marriage, she is compelled to employ your aid. Since my last of the 15th, the King does not cease to press the archbishops of Canterbury and York, the bishops of London, Winchester, and Lincoln, and many others, Italians as well as English, to subscribe a document he has drawn up to his taste, of a very strange nature, as you will see. The archbishop of York and the bishop of Winchester have not yet agreed to do so. The elect of Canterbury (age 43) has made no difficulty about it, and has even solicited it, as if it were his own business; and if it be true, as I am told today on good authority, that he has gone to give the Queen special notice of it, he has given good earnest of maintaining the opinion of the King in this divorce without variation. He has married (esposé) the King to the Lady (age 32), in presence of the father (age 56), mother (age 53), brother (age 30), and two of her favorites, and one of his priests. If it be so, the King has taken the best means of preventing him from changing his opinions when raised to his dignity, as the archbishop of York has done. It is very probable either that the said elect has solemnised these espousals, or has promised to do so for certain considerations, as I have written to your Majesty, especially as since he has been elected he has dared to say openly that he would maintain, on pain of being burned, that the King might take the Lady to wife. The bruit continues, that in order to accomplish the said marriage the King waits for nothing else except the bulls of the elect; and for this purpose he has commanded those who have the charge of it to summon a provincial synod for the 16th. It is said that the King means to demand money for a war with Scotland, and to make harbours on the coast; and the better to colour the matter, the king of France has sent him a master architect. The French ambassador had intended to visit me, but was prevented by company, and proposes to do so tomorrow. It is said that Melanchthon is in one of the King's lodgings, and has been there for eight days, but it is kept such a secret that I can find no one who knows the certainty of it. The King has written for him expressly, I think merely for the Queen's affair, for he favors her, and because he pretends and wishes to have in his hands all ecclesiastical ordinances,—not only the synodical ones of this kingdom, but the papal as well. And in order the better to conduct the affair, last year he induced the prelates, by menaces and devices, to submit to whatever should be decided by 40 persons, of whom one half should be appointed by himself, and the other by the prelates, and himself above all. For this reformation, or rather deformation, it seems he could find no fitter instrument than Melanchthon, so as to give the utmost possible trouble to the Pope, that his previous boasts might not be without effect.
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Letters and Papers. 23rd February 1536. Faustina, C. iii. 456. B. M. 345. Vice Chancellor and University of Cambridge to the Queen (age 35).
Thank her for her gentle and loving acceptance of their letters delivered to her in the West country, and for her promotion of their petition to the King for the remission of tenths and first-fruits due to him from the University. This yearly charge would greatly diminish the number of scholars in every college.
Beg her to consider what the Vice-Chancellor, the bearer, will show her on this subject, and to speak for them to the King. From Cambridge in our Regent House, 23 Feb.
Add. Endd.
On 23rd February 1546 Francis Bourbon Count of Enghien (age 26) died when hit by a falling chest. His brother Jean (age 17) succeeded Count Enghien.
On 23rd February 1554 Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 37) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. Duke Suffolk, Marquess Dorset, Earl Huntingdon, Baron Ferrers of Groby, Baron Harington, Baron Bonville forfeit.
Dean Hugh Weston (age 49) acted as Confessor.
Chronicle of Greyfriars. Item the duke of Suffolke (age 37) was condemnyd at Westmyster the xvij. [22] day of February [1554]; and beheddyd at Towre-hyll the xxiij. [23] day of the same monyth [1554].
Wriothesley's Chronicle. 23rd February 1554. Frydaye the 23 of February Lorde Gray, Duke of Suffolke (age 37), was beheaded at the Towerhill [Map].
Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary 1554. Fridaie the xxiijth [23rd] of Februarie, ano 1553 [1554], the duke of Suffolke (age 37) was behedded at Tower hille. His wourdes at the comyng on the scaffolde were theis followeing, or moche like: "Good people, this daie I am come hether to dye, being one whom the lawe hathe justlie condempned, and one who hathe no lesse deserved for my dysobedyence against the quenes highenes, of whom I do moste humbly axe forgevenes, and I truste she dothe and will forgyve me." Then maister Western, his confessor, standing by, saide, "My lorde, hir grace hathe allredy forgevena and praieth for you." Then saide the duke, "I beseche you all, goode people, to lett me be an example to you all for obedyence to the quene and the majestrates, for the contrarie therof hath brought me [to this endb]. And also I shall most hartely desire you all to beare me witnes that I do dye a faythefull and true Christian, beleving to be saved by non other but onely by allmightie God, thoroughe the passion of his son Jesus Christc. And nowe I pray you to praie with me." Then he kneled downe, and Weston with him, and saide the sallme of "Miserere mei Deus" and "In te, Domine, speravi," the duke one verse and Weston an other. Which don, he dyd put of his gown and his doblet. Then kniting the kercheve himself about his eyes, helde uppe his handes to heaven, and after laie downe along, with his hedd apon the blocke, whiche at one stroke was striken of by the hangman.
Note a. "With that, divers of the standers by said with meetly good and audible voice, ' Such forgivenesse God send thee!' meaning doctoure Weston." Foxe.
Note b. So in Stowe's Chronicle.
Note c. Foxe's account of " the godly end " of the duke of Suffolk is supported in all important points by the present writer. They coincide as to his distinct expression of reliance on the Protestant faith: but whilst the duke is here described as joining with the attendant priest (Hugh Weston, successively dean of Westminster and of Windsor), in the repetition of the psalm Miserere, Foxe represents him as having twice endeavoured to prevent Weston from ascending the stairs of the scaffold with him. Both circumstances, however, may have occurred. It is at least certain that, whatever may have been the ordinary weakness of Suffolk's character, he was as constant in religion as his heroic daughter could have desired, though subjected to the like zealous attempts which she had endured, and which were successful over the loose principles of the duke of Northumberland and many others at this period of trial. This fact is confirmed by the following passage of a letter of Simon Renard to the emperor, dated the 24th Feb: "Ce jourduy Ton execute le due de Suffocq, qui ne s'est jamais voulu reconnoistre quant a la religion; aiant fait admonestement au peuple pour non se revolter contre la royne, a laquelle il demandoit mercy." Tytler, vol. ii. p. 309.
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Henry Machyn's Diary. 23rd February 1559. The xxiij day dyd pryche afor the quen (age 25) Gryndalle (age 40).
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1660. Thursday, my birthday, now twenty-seven years. A pretty fair morning, I rose and after writing a while in my study I went forth. To my office, where I told Mr. Hawly of my thoughts to go out of town to-morrow. Hither Mr. Fuller comes to me and my Uncle Thomas too, thence I took them to drink, and so put off my uncle. So with Mr. Fuller (age 52) home to my house, where he dined with me, and he told my wife and me a great many stories of his adversities, since these troubles, in being forced to travel in the Catholic countries, &c. He shewed me his bills, but I had not money to pay him. We parted, and I to Whitehall, where I was to see my horse which Mr. Garthwayt lends me to-morrow. So home, where Mr. Pierce comes to me about appointing time and place where and when to meet tomorrow.!So to Westminster Hall [Map], where, after the House rose, I met with Mr. Crew (age 62), who told me that my Lord was chosen by 73 voices, to be one of the Council of State. Mr. Pierpoint (age 52) had the most, 101, and himself the next, too. He brought me in the coach home. He and Mr. Anslow (age 45) being in it. I back to the Hall, and at Mrs. Michell's shop staid talking a great while with her and my Chaplain, Mr. Mumford, and drank a pot or two of ale on a wager that Mr. Prin (age 60) is not of the Council. Home and wrote to my Lord the news of the choice of the Council by the post, and so to bed.
In early 1661 King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 30) rewarded of further tranche of those who supported his Restoration ...
On 2nd January 1661 Henry Bedingfield 1st Baronet (age 46) was created 1st Baronet Bedingfield of Oxburgh in Norfolk.
On 10th January 1661 Andrew Rutherford 1st Earl Teviot was created 1st Baron Rutherford with special remainder to his heirs and assignees whatsoever, and that under what provisions, restrictions, and conditions the said Lord Rutherford should think fit.
On 23rd January 1661 John Cole 1st Baronet (age 41) was created Baronet Cole of Newland.
On 23rd February 1661 Edward Smythe 1st Baronet (age 41) was created 1st Baronet Smythe.
On 4th March 1661 Compton Reade 1st Baronet (age 36) was created 1st Baronet Reade of Barton in Berkshire. Mary Cornwall Lady Reade (age 31) by marriage Lady Reade of Barton in Berkshire.
On 10th March 1661 Brian Broughton 1st Baronet (age 42) was created 1st Baronet Broughton of Broughton in Staffordshire.
On 20th March 1661 Thomas Rich 1st Baronet (age 60) was created 1st Baronet Rich of Sonning in Berkshire.
On 29th March 1661 Robert Cholmondeley 1st Viscount Cholmondeley (age 21) was created 1st Viscount Cholmondeley of Kells in County Meath.
On 30th March 1661 James Butler 1st Duke Ormonde (age 50) was created 1st Duke Ormonde by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. Elizabeth Preston Duchess Ormonde (age 45) by marriage Duchess Ormonde.
On 30th March 1661 John Fettiplace 1st Baronet (age 35) was created 1st Baronet Fettiplace of Childrey in Berkshire. Anne Wenman Lady Fettiplace (age 31) by marriage Lady Fettiplace of Childrey in Berkshire.
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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1661. This my birthday, 28 years. This morning Sir W. Batten (age 60), Pen, and I did some business, and then I by water to Whitehall, having met Mr. Hartlibb (age 61) by the way at Alderman Backwell's (age 43). So he did give me a glass of Rhenish wine at the Steeleyard, and so to Whitehall by water. He continues of the same bold impertinent humour that he was always of and will ever be. He told me how my Lord Chancellor (age 52) had lately got the Duke of York (age 27) and Duchess, and her woman, my Lord Ossory's and a Doctor, to make oath before most of the judges of the kingdom, concerning all the circumstances of their marriage. And in fine, it is confessed that they were not fully married till about a month or two before she was brought to bed; but that they were contracted long before, and time enough for the child to be legitimate1. But I do not hear that it was put to the judges to determine whether it was so or no.
Note 1. The Duke of York's marriage took place September 3rd, 1660. Anne Hyde was contracted to the Duke at Breda, November 24th, 1659.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1662. Lord's Day. My cold being increased, I staid at home all day, pleasing myself with my dining-room, now graced with pictures, and reading of Dr. Fuller's (age 54) "Worthys". So I spent the day, and at night comes Sir W. Pen (age 40) and supped and talked with me. This day by God's mercy I am 29 years of age, and in very good health, and like to live and get an estate; and if I have a heart to be contented, I think I may reckon myself as happy a man as any is in the world, for which God be praised. So to prayers and to bed.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1663. By and by took coach, and to the Duke's house, where we saw it well acted, though the play hath little good in it, being most pleased to see the little girl dance in boy's apparel, she having very fine legs, only bends in the hams, as I perceive all women do. The play being done, we took coach and to Court, and there got good places, and saw "The Wilde Gallant", performed by the King's house, but it was ill acted, and the play so poor a thing as I never saw in my life almost, and so little answering the name, that from beginning to end, I could not, nor can at this time, tell certainly which was the Wild Gallant. The King (age 32) did not seem pleased at all, all the whole play, nor any body else, though Mr. Clerke (age 40) whom we met here did commend it to us. My Baroness Castlemaine's (age 22) was all worth seeing tonight, and little Steward (age 15). Mrs. Wells (age 21) do appear at Court again, and looks well; so that, it may be, the late report of laying the dropped child to her was not true.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1663. This morning came my Lord Windsor (age 36) to kiss the Duke's (age 29) hand, being returned from Jamaica. He tells the Duke, that from such a degree of latitude going thither he begun to be sick, and was never well till his coming so far back again, and then presently begun to be well. He told the Duke of their taking the fort of St. Jago, upon Cuba, by his men; but, upon the whole, I believe that he did matters like a young lord, and was weary of being upon service out of his own country, where he might have pleasure. For methought it was a shame to see him this very afternoon, being the first day of his coming to town, to be at a playhouse.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1663. So to bed. This day I was told that my Baroness Castlemaine's (age 22) hath all the King's Christmas presents, made him by the peers, given to her, which is a most abominable thing; and that at the great ball she was much richer in jewells than the Queen (age 24) and Duchess (age 25) put both together.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1663. Thence to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who though he has been abroad again two or three days is falling ill again, and is let blood this morning, though I hope it is only a great cold that he has got. It was a great trouble to me (and I had great apprehensions of it) that my Lord desired me to go to Westminster Hall [Map], to the Parliament-house door, about business; and to Sir Wm. Wheeler (age 52), which I told him I would do, but durst not go for fear of being taken by these rogues; but was forced to go to White Hall and take boat, and so land below the Tower at the Iron-gate [Map]; and so the back way over Little Tower Hill [Map]; and with my cloak over my face, took one of the watermen along with me, and staid behind a wall in the New-buildings behind our garden, while he went to see whether any body stood within the Merchants' Gate, under which we pass to go into our garden, and there standing but a little dirty boy before the gate, did make me quake and sweat to think he might be a Trepan1. But there was nobody, and so I got safe into the garden, and coming to open my office door, something behind it fell in the opening, which made me start. So that God knows in what a sad condition I should be in if I were truly in the condition that many a poor man is for debt: and therefore ought to bless God that I have no such reall reason, and to endeavour to keep myself, by my good deportment and good husbandry, out of any such condition.
Note 1. Trickster.
John Evelyn's Diary. 23rd February 1665. I was invited to a great feast at Mr. Rich's (a relation of my wife's (age 30), now reader at Lincoln's Inn); where was the Duke of Monmouth (age 15), the Archbishop of Canterbury (age 66), Bishops of London (age 33) and Winchester (age 66), the Speaker of the House of Commons (age 48), divers of the Judges, and several other great men.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1666. Up betimes, and out of doors by 6 of the clock, and walked (W. Howe with me) to my Lord Sandwich's (age 40), who did lie the last night at his house in Lincoln's Inne Fields. It being fine walking in the morning, and the streets full of people again. There I staid, and the house full of people come to take leave of my Lord, who this day goes out of towne upon his embassy towards Spayne. And I was glad to find Sir W. Coventry (age 38) to come, though I know it is only a piece of courtshipp. I had much discourse with my Lord, he telling me how fully he leaves the King (age 35) his friend and the large discourse he had with him the other day, and how he desired to have the business of the prizes examined before he went, and that he yielded to it, and it is done as far as it concerns himself to the full, and the Lords Commissioners for prizes did reprehend all the informers in what related to his Lordship, which I am glad of in many respects. But we could not make an end of discourse, so I promised to waite upon (him) on Sunday at Cranborne, and took leave and away hence to Mr. Hales's (age 66) with Mr. Hill (age 36) and two of the Houblons, who come thither to speak with me, and saw my wife's picture, which pleases me well, but Mr. Hill's picture never a whit so well as it did before it was finished, which troubled me, and I begin to doubt the picture of my Lady Peters my wife takes her posture from, and which is an excellent picture, is not of his making, it is so master-like. I set them down at the 'Change [Map] and I home to the office, and at noon dined at home and to the office again.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1668. Thence by coach, with Brisband, to Sir G. Carteret's (age 58), in Lincoln's Inn Fields, and there dined: a good dinner and good company; and after dinner he and I alone, discoursing of my Lord Sandwich's (age 42) matters; who hath, in the first business before the House, been very kindly used beyond expectation, the matter being laid by, till his coming home and old Mr. Vaughan (age 64) did speak for my Lord, which I am mighty glad of. The business of the prizes is the worst that can be said, and therein I do fear something may lie hard upon him; but, against this, we must prepare the best we can for his defence.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 23rd February 1669. Up: and to the Office, where all the morning, and then home, and put a mouthfull of victuals in my mouth; and by a Hackney-coach followed my wife and the girls [Barbara Pepys and Elizabeth Pepys], who are gone by eleven o'clock, thinking to have seen a new play at the Duke of York's (age 35) house. But I do find them staying at my tailor's, the play not being to-day, and therefore I now took them to Westminster Abbey, and there did show them all the tombs very finely, having one with us alone, there being other company this day to see the tombs, it being Shrove Tuesday; and here we did see, by particular favour, the body of Queen Katherine of Valois; and I had the upper part of her body in my hands, and I did kiss her mouth, reflecting upon it that I did kiss a Queen1, and that this was my birth-day, thirty-six years old, that I did first kiss a Queen. But here this man, who seems to understand well, tells me that the saying is not true that says she was never buried, for she was buried; only, when Henry the Seventh built his chapel, it was taken up and laid in this wooden coffin; but I did there see that, in it, the body was buried in a leaden one, which remains under the body to this day.
Note 1. Pepys's attachment to the fair sex extended even to a dead Queen. The record of this royal salute on his natal day is very characteristic. The story told him in Westminster Abbey appears to have been correct; for Neale informs us ("History of Westminster Abbey", vol. ii., p. 88) that near the south side of Henry V.'s tomb there was formerly a wooden chest, or coffin, wherein part of the skeleton and parched body of Katherine de Valois, his Queen (from the waist upwards), was to be seen. She was interred in January, 1457, in the Chapel of Our Lady, at the east end of this church; but when that building was pulled down by her grandson, Henry VII, her coffin was found to be decayed, and her body was taken up, and placed in a chest, near her first husband's tomb. "There", says Dart, "it hath ever since continued to be seen, the bones being firmly united, and thinly clothed with flesh, like scrapings of tanned leather". This awful spectacle of frail mortality was at length removed from the public gaze into St. Nicholas's Chapel [Map], and finally deposited under the monument of Sir George Villiers, when the vault was made for the remains of Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Northumberland, in December, 1776. B.
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On 9th February 1672 Maria Anna Antonia Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress (age 20). She died on 23rd February 1672 aged two weeks. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
John Evelyn's Diary. 23rd February 1673. The Bishop of Chichester (age 59) preached before the King (age 42) on Coloss. II 14, 15, admirably well, as he can do nothing but what is well.
John Evelyn's Diary. 23rd February 1684. I went to Sir John Chardine (age 40), who desired my assistance for the engraving the plates, the translation, and printing his History of that wonderfull Persian. Monument neere Persepolis, and other rare antiquities, which he had caus'd to be drawne from the originals in his second journey into Persia, which we now concluded upon. Afterwards I went with Sr Christ' Wren to Dr Tenison (age 47), where we made the drawing and estimate of the expence of the Library, to be begun this next Spring neere the Mewes. Greate expectation of the Prince of Orange's (age 33) attempts in Holland to bring those of Amsterdam to consent to the new levies, to which we were no friends, by a pseudo-politic adherence to the French interest.
On 23rd February 1700 Anne Douglas died when her clothes caught fire.
After 23rd February 1730. Monument to Katherine late wife of Roland Hunt Rector of Stoke Doyle. Church of St Rumbold, Stoke Doyle [Map].
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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In 23rd February 1738 Edmund Quincy (age 56) died of smallpox.
On 23rd February 1779 Prince Octavius Hanover was born to King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 40) and Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England (age 34).
On 23rd February 1803 Alexandrine Hohenzollern was born to Frederick William III King Prussia (age 32) and Queen Louise of Prussia (age 26). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland.
23rd February 1821. Joseph Severn (age 27). Portrait of John Keats (age 25) on his deathbed.
On 23rd February 1847 Hugh Percy 3rd Duke Northumberland (deceased) was buried at Northumberland Vault, Crypt, Westminster Abbey.
On 23rd February 1999 Frederick William John Augustus Hervey 7th Marquess of Bristol (deceased) was buried at St Mary's Church Ickworth, Bury St Edmunds.
Births on the 23rd February
On 23rd February 1188 Peter Burgundy was born to Sancho "Populator" I King Portugal (age 33) and Dulce Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal.
On 23rd February 1262 Henry Wittelsbach was born to Henry Wittelsbach I Duke Lower Bavaria I Duke Bavaria (age 26) and Elizabeth Duchess Bavaria (age 26). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
On 23rd February 1416 Margarethe La Marck was born to Adolph La Marck I Duke Cleves (age 42) and Marie Valois Duchess Cleves (age 23).
On 23rd February 1417 Louis IX Duke of Bavaria was born to Henry "The Rich" Wittelsbach XVI Duke Bavaria (age 31) and Margarete Habsburg Duchess Bavaria (age 21).
On 23rd February 1620 Andrew Newport was born to Richard Newport 1st Baron Newport (age 32) and Frances Leveson Baroness Gower at Wroxeter, Shropshire [Map].
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 23rd February 1620 Francis Newport 1st Earl Bradford was born to Richard Newport 1st Baron Newport (age 32) and Frances Leveson Baroness Gower at Wroxeter, Shropshire [Map].
On 23rd February 1633 Samuel Pepys was born to John Pepys Tailor (age 32) and Margaret Kite in Salisbury Court, Fleet Street. He was baptised at St Bride's Church, Fleet Street by James Palmer (age 51).
On 23rd February 1642 Christian Saxe Gotha was born to Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha (age 40) and Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha (age 22) at Gotha. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.17%.
On 23rd February 1666 Nichola Sophia Hamilton Lady Beresford was born to Hugh Hamilton 1st Viscount of Glenawly (age 66) and Susanna Balfour (age 26).
On 9th February 1672 Maria Anna Antonia Habsburg Spain was born to Leopold Habsburg Spain I Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) and Margaret Theresa Habsburg Holy Roman Empress (age 20). She died on 23rd February 1672 aged two weeks. Coefficient of inbreeding 30.98%.
On 23rd February 1726 James Wemyss was born to James Wemyss 5th Earl of Wemyss (age 26) and Janet Charteris.
On 23rd February 1738 William East 1st Baronet was born.
On 23rd February 1740 Wharton Emerson aka Amcotts 1st Baronet was born to Alexander Emerson.
On 23rd February 1748 Mary Montagu was born to John Montagu 4th Earl Sandwich (age 29) and Dorothy Fane Countess Sandwich (age 30).
On 23rd February 1749 Penelope Pitt Viscountess Ligonier was born to George Pitt 1st Baron Rivers (age 27) and Penelope Atkins.
On 23rd February 1750 Catherine Glücksburg was born to Peter August Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (age 52) and Natália Nikolaievna Golovine Duchess Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck.
On 23rd February 1758 Mary Churchill Countess Cadogan was born to Charles Churchill (age 44) and Maria Walpole (age 35).
On 23rd February 1776 Samuel Young 1st Baronet was born.
On 23rd February 1779 Charles Jenkinson 10th Baronet was born to Colonel John Jenkinson (age 45) and Frances Barker.
On 23rd February 1779 Prince Octavius Hanover was born to King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 40) and Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England (age 34).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 23rd February 1797 Henry Wilson 11th Baron Berners was born to Reverend Henry Wilson 10th Baron Berners (age 34).
On 23rd February 1800 Robert Smith aka Vernon 1st Baron Lyveden was born to Robert Percy Smith (age 29) and Caroline Vernon.
On 23rd February 1800 William Jardine 7th Baronet was born to Alexander Jardine 6th Baronet.
On 23rd February 1801 Charlotte Susan Ashburnham was born to George Ashburnham 3rd Earl Ashburnham (age 40) and Charlotte Percy Countess Ashburham (age 25).
On 23rd February 1803 Alexandrine Hohenzollern was born to Frederick William III King Prussia (age 32) and Queen Louise of Prussia (age 26). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King George I of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 23rd February 1805 Edward Blackett 6th Baronet was born to William Blackett 5th Baronet (age 46).
On 23rd February 1808 William George Howard 8th Earl Carlisle was born to George Howard 6th Earl Carlisle (age 34) and Georgiana Cavendish Countess Carlisle (age 24).
On 23rd February 1812 Cosmo Lewis Duff Gordon was born to William Duff-Gordon 2nd Baronet (age 39) and Caroline Cornewall Lady Duff-Gordon (age 23).
On 23rd February 1817 George Frederick Watts was born.
On 23rd February 1818 Frederick Methuen 2nd Baron Methuen was born to Paul Methuen 1st Baron Methuen (age 38) and Jane Dorothea Mildmay (age 29).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 23rd February 1823 Fanny Catherine Lonsdale Baroness Beckett was born to Bishop John Lonsdale (age 35) and Sophia Bolland.
On 23rd February 1824 Astley Paston Paston-Cooper 3rd Baronet was born to Astley Paston Cooper 2nd Baronet (age 26) and Elizabeth Harriet Rickford Lady Cooper (age 21).
On 23rd February 1826 Captain Edward Cecil Bisshopp 12th Baronet was born to George Bisshopp 9th Baronet (age 34) and Catherine Elizabeth Sproule.
On 23rd February 1848 George Montgomerie 15th Earl of Eglinton was born to Archibald William Montgomerie 13th Earl Eglinton (age 35) and Theresa Howe Newcomen (age 39).
On 23rd February 1849 Maria Gray Countess of Home was born to Captain Charles Conrad Grey posthumously.
On 23rd February 1856 Francis Bowes Lyon was born to Claude Bowes-Lyon 13th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 31) and Frances Dora Smith Countess Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 23).
On 23rd February 1860 Elizabeth Evelyn Harbord Baroness Hastings was born to Charles Harbord 5th Baron Suffield (age 30) and Cecilia Annetta Baring Baroness Suffield (age 26).
On 23rd February 1860 William Robert Williams 3rd Baronet was born to Frederick Martin Williams 2nd Baronet (age 30) and Mary Christian Law Lady Williams.
On 23rd February 1861 Drummond Cunliffe Smith 4th Baronet was born to Charles Cunliffe Smith 3rd Baronet (age 33).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 23rd February 1871 Robert Arthur Ward was born to William Ward 1st Earl of Dudley (age 53) and Georgina Moncrieffe Countess Dudley (age 24).
On 23rd February 1889 Agnes Parnell was born to Henry Parnell 4th Baron Congleton (age 49).
On 23rd February 1913 Edward Horace Fiennes-Clinton 18th Earl of Lincoln was born to Edward Henry Fiennes-Clinton (age 26) and Edith Annie Guest at Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
On 23rd February 1919 John St Aubyn 4th Baron St Levan was born to Francis Cecil St Aubyn 3rd Baron St Levan (age 24).
On 23rd February 1928 David Fitzroy 11th Duke Beaufort was born to Henry Robert Fitzroy (age 30) and Bettine Violet Malcolm (age 27). He was educated at Eton College [Map].
On 23rd February 1935 Guy Francis Boileau 8th Baronet was born to Edmond Charles Boileau 7th Baronet (age 31).
On 23rd February 1943 James Assheton Frankland 18th Baron Zouche was born to Major Thomas William Assheton Frankland 11th Baronet (age 40) and Pamela Kay-Shuttleworth Lady Frankland (age 27).
On 23rd February 1944 Charles Hugh Bagot 10th Baron Bagot was born to Heneage Charles Bagot 9th Baron Bagot (age 29).
Marriages on the 23rd February
On 23rd February 1365 Leopold "The Just" Habsburg III Duke Austria (age 13) and Viridis Visconti Duchess Austria (age 13) were married. She by marriage Duchess Austria. He the son of Albert Habsburg II Duke Austria and Johanna Pfirt Duchess Austria.
On 23rd February 1489 Engelbert La Marck Count Nevers (age 26) and Charlotte Bourbon Vendôme were married. He the son of John La Marck I Duke Cleves and Elizabeth Valois Duchess Cleves.
On 23rd February 1595 Thomas Playters 1st Baronet (age 29) and Anne Browne Lady Playters (age 31) were married. They had eight sons and ten daughters.
On 21 or 23rd February 1789 Joseph Strutt (age 30) and Charlotte Fitzgerald 1st Baroness Rayleigh (age 30) were married. She the daughter of James Fitzgerald 1st Duke Leinster and Emilia Mary Lennox Duchess Leinster (age 57).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 23rd February 1826 Charles Fitzroy 3rd Baron Southampton (age 21) and Harriet Stanhope Baroness Southampton were married. She by marriage Baroness Southampton. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 23rd February 1830 Frederick Spencer 4th Earl Spencer (age 31) and Elizabeth Georgiana Poyntz Countess Spencer (age 30) were married. He the son of George John Spencer 2nd Earl Spencer (age 71) and Lavinia Bingham Countess Spencer (age 68). They were second cousins.
On 23rd February 1911 John Standish Surtees Prendergast 6th Viscount Gort (age 24) and Corinna Katherine Medlicott Vereker (age 19) were married. They were second cousins.
On 23rd February 1925 Stanley Spencer (age 33) and Hilda Anne Carline (age 35) were married.
On 23rd February 1939 Thomas Edward Anson 4th Earl Lichfield (age 55) and Violet Margaret Dawson-Greene Countess Lichfield were married. She by marriage Countess Lichfield. He the son of Thomas Francis Anson 3rd Earl Lichfield and Mildred Coke Countess Lichfield (age 85).
On 23rd February 1943 William Humble Eric Ward 3rd Earl of Dudley (age 49) and Frances Laura Charteris Duchess of Marlborough (age 27) were married. She by marriage Countess of Dudley of Dudley Castle in Staffordshire. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of William Humble Ward 2nd Earl of Dudley.
Deaths on the 23rd February
On 23rd February 943 Herbert Vermandois II Count Vermandois II Count Soissons II Count Meaux died. His son Adalbert (age 28) succeeded I Count Vermandois.
On 23rd February 1216 Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex (age 25) was killed in a tournament. His brother William succeeded 3rd Earl Essex.
On 23rd February 1369 Henry Tailboys Baron Kyme (age 34) died.
On 23rd February 1447 Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester (age 56) died at Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk [Map]. He was possibly poisoned although more likely he died from a stroke. Duke Gloucester, Earl Pembroke extinct. His death left England with no heir to the throne in a direct line. Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 35) became heir presumptive until the birth of Edward of Westminster Prince of Wales six years later.
On 23rd February 1473 Arnold Egmont Duke Guelders (age 62) died. His son Adolf (age 35) succeeded 2nd Duke Guelders.
On 23rd February 1546 Francis Bourbon Count of Enghien (age 26) died when hit by a falling chest. His brother Jean (age 17) succeeded Count Enghien.
On 23rd February 1554 Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 37) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. Duke Suffolk, Marquess Dorset, Earl Huntingdon, Baron Ferrers of Groby, Baron Harington, Baron Bonville forfeit.
Dean Hugh Weston (age 49) acted as Confessor.
On 23rd February 1583 Lucy Somerset Baroness Latimer Snape (age 59) died.
On 23rd February 1657 Nicole Lorraine Duchess Lorraine (age 48) died.
On 23rd February 1694 Thomas Samwell 1st Baronet (age 40) died. His son Thomas (age 6) succeeded 2nd Baronet Samwell of Upton in Northamptonshire.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 23rd February 1709 William Wheeler 3rd Baronet (age 55) died. He was buried at All Saints' Church, Leamington Hastings. His son Trevor (age 11) succeeded 4th Baronet Wheler of the City of Westminster.
On 23rd February 1713 Nichola Sophia Hamilton Lady Beresford (age 47) died.
On 23rd February 1727 Lionel Tollemache 3rd Earl Dysart (age 78) died. His grandson Lionel (age 18) succeeded 4th Earl Dysart, 5th Baronet Talmash of Helmingham in Suffolk.
On 23rd February 1728 Isabella Bentinck Duchess Kingston upon Hull (age 39) died. She was buried at the Church of St Edmund, Holme Pierrepoint [Map].
On 23rd February 1736 Frances Brudenell Countess Newburgh died.
On 23rd February 1740 William Marwood 4th Baronet (age 59) died. Baronet Marwood Little Busby in Yorkshire extinct.
On 23rd February 1752 John Campbell 2nd Earl Breadalbaine and Holland (age 89) died. His son John (age 55) succeeded 3rd Earl Breadalbaine and Holland. Arbella Pershall Countess Breadalbaine and Holland by marriage Countess Breadalbaine and Holland.
On 23rd February 1768 Henry Hoghton 5th Baronet (age 90) died without issue. His nephew Henry (age 39) succeeded 6th Baronet Hoghton of Hoghton Tower in Lancashire.
On 23rd February 1768 Mary Webb Duchess Somerset (age 71) died.
On 23rd February 1770 Bennet Sherard 3rd Earl Harborough (age 60) died. His brother Robert (age 57) succeeded 4th Earl Harborough, 4th Viscount Sherard, 6th Baron Sherard of Leitrim, 4th Baron Sherard of Harborough. Jane Reeve Countess Harborough (age 29) by marriage Countess Harborough.
On 23rd February 1774 Marmaduke Asty Wyvill 7th Baronet (age 33) died.
On 23rd February 1783 Thomas Howard 14th Earl Suffolk 7th Earl Berkshire (age 61) died. His son John (age 43) succeeded 15th Earl Suffolk, 8th Earl Berkshire, 8th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 8th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 23rd February 1794 John Saunders Sebright 6th Baronet (age 68) died. His son John (age 26) succeeded 7th Baronet Sebright of Besford in Worcestershire.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 23rd February 1797 Berney Brograve 1st Baronet (age 70) died. His son George (age 25) succeeded 2nd Baronet Brograve of Worstead House in Norfolk.
On 23rd February 1805 Frances Catherine Gounter Nicoll Countess Dartmouth (age 72) died.
On 23rd February 1821 John Keats (age 25) died.
On 23rd February 1831 John Palmer-Acland 1st Baronet (age 75) died. His son Peregrine (age 41) succeeded 2nd Baronet Palmer-Acland of Fairfield of Somerset and Newhouse in Devon.
On 23rd February 1852 Catherine Charlotte Gore Baroness Carbery (age 85) died.
On 23rd February 1857 Compton Domvile 1st Baronet (age 82) died. His son Charles (age 35) succeeded 2nd Baronet Domvile of Templeogue and Santry House in the County of Dublin.
On 23rd February 1869 George Sackville-West 5th Earl De La Warr (age 77) died. His son Charles (age 53) succeeded 6th Earl De La Warr, 6th Viscount Cantalupe, 12th Baron De La Warr.
On 23rd February 1909 Caroline Cecelia Edgecumbe Countess Revensworth and Mount Edgecumbe (age 70) died.
On 23rd February 1929 Richard Knight Causton 1st Baron Southwark (age 85) died at 12 Devonshire Place, Marylebone. Baron Southwark of Southwark in London extinct. His estate probated in the London Registry at £21282 12s 2d.
On 23rd February 1934 Osbert Mordaunt 11th Baronet (age 50) died. His first cousin Henry (age 66) succeeded 12th Baronet Mordaunt of Massingham Parva.
On 23rd February 1939 Michael Knatchbull 5th Baron Brabourne (age 43) died. His son Norton (age 17) succeeded 6th Baron Bradbourne, 15th Baronet Knatchbull of Mersham Hatch in Kent.
On 23rd February 1958 Ethel Finch-Hatton Lady Gunning died.
On 23rd February 1972 Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil 5th Marquess Salisbury (age 78) died. His son Robert (age 55) succeeded 6th Marquess Salisbury in Wiltshire, 12th Earl Salisbury.
On 23rd February 1983 Arthur Gore 8th Earl of Arran (age 72) died. His son Arthur (age 44) succeeded 9th Earl Arran, 9th Viscount Sudley of Castle Gore in County Mayo, 8th Baron Saunders of Deeps in County Wexford, 10th Baronet Gore of Newtown in County Mayo. .
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 23rd February 2000 John Henry Guy Neville 5th Marquess Abergavenny (age 85) died. His nephew Christopher (age 44) succeeded 6th Marquess Abergavenny, 10th Earl Abergavenny, 10th Viscount Neville, 6th Earl Lewes, 26th Baron Abergavenny, 24th Baron Abergavenny. Venetia Maynard Marchioness Abergavenny (age 42) by marriage Marchioness Abergavenny.
On 23rd February 2021 Jennifer Lowther Countess Lonsdale (age 88) died.