Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Paternal Family Tree: Warenne
William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey was born to [his father] Ralph Warenne.
After 1066 Conisbrough Castle [Map] was founded by William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey after he had been awarded estates in Yorkshire, Norfolk and Sussex by King William "Conqueror" I of England [aged 38] for his role in the 14th October 1066 Battle of Hastings.
On 14th October 1066 the Norman army led by King William "Conqueror" I of England [aged 38] defeated the English army of King Harold II of England [aged 44] at the 14th October 1066 Battle of Hastings fought at Senlac Hill Hastings. Aimery Thouars [aged 42], Ralph de Gael 2nd Earl East Anglia [aged 24], Eustace II Count Boulogne [aged 51], William Fitzosbern 1st Earl Hereford [aged 46], Geoffrey Chateaudun II Count Mortain III Count Perche, William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey, Raoul Tosny, Robert Beaumont 1st Earl of Leicester Count Meulan [aged 26], Hugh Grandesmil [aged 34], Roger "The Great" Montgomery 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (possibly), Robert Mortain Count Mortain 1st Earl Cornwall [aged 35] and Bishop Odo of Bayeux fought for William.
King Harold II of England was killed. Earl Wessex, Earl Hereford extinct.
Leofwine Godwinson 2nd Earl Kent [aged 31] was killed. Earl Kent extinct.
His brothers Gyrth Godwinson Earl East Anglia [aged 34] and Engenulphe Aigle [aged 56] were killed.
Before 1070 William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey and Gundred Countess of Surrey were married.
In 1076 [his daughter] Edith de Warenne was born to William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey and [his wife] Gundred Countess of Surrey. She married 1091 Gerald de Gournay and had issue.
Flowers of History. 1078. A violent quarrel arose between pope Gregory and the emperor Henry. At last the emperor was excommunicated1. After that, he ravaged the province of Swabia. King William [aged 50] held his court at Gloucester [Map], and conferred bishoprics on those of his chaplains, giving the diocese of London to Maurice, of Norwich to William, and of Chichester to Robert. The same year, Guiscard, the noble dake of Apolia, died, and was succeeded by his two sons, Roger and Beaumont. This year also, a naval war of deadly animosity broke out between the states of Venice and Baris, for the sake of the body of Saint Nicholas. The same year, count William de Warenne, who had come into England with William the Bastard, founded the abbey of Saint Pancras of Lewes [Map].
Note 1. This was the origin of the wars between the Guelfs and Ghibelins.
Around 1080 William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey commissioned the building of Castle Acre Castle [Map].
Domesday Conisbrough. Conisbrough. Land of William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey.
Households: 21 villagers. 11 smallholders. 1 priest. Ploughland: 59 ploughlands. 5 lord's plough teams. 11 men's plough teams.
Other resources: Woodland 1 * 1 leagues. 2 mills, value 1 pound 12 shillings. 1 church.
Valuation: Annual value to lord: 30 pounds in 1086; 18 pounds in 1066.
Owners: Tenant-in-chief in 1086: William of Warenne. Lord in 1086: William of Warenne. Lord in 1066: Earl Harold.
Phillimore reference: Yorkshire 12W1.
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Around March 1088 William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey was created 1st Earl Surrey. [his wife] Gundred Countess of Surrey by marriage Countess Surrey.
On 24th June 1088 William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey died at Lewes [Map]. His son William succeeded 2nd Earl Surrey and inherited his estates including Conisbrough Castle [Map].
[his son] William Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey was born to William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey and Gundred Countess of Surrey. He married before 1119 Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey, daughter of Hugh "Great" Capet and Adelaide I Countess Vermandois, and had issue.
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