Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Paternal Family Tree: Dunkeld
Maternal Family Tree: Adela Valois Countess Blois and Vermandois
Before 1139 [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria [aged 24] and [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria [aged 18] were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] William Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey and [his grandmother] Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey. He the son of King David I of Scotland [aged 54] and Maud Queen Consort Scotland. They were half sixth cousins.
Around 1143 King William I of Scotland was born to [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria [aged 29] and [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria [aged 23].
On 12th June 1152 [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria [aged 38] died. His half brother [his uncle] Simon [aged 54] succeeded 4th Earl Huntingdon, 4th Earl of Northampton. His son Malcolm [aged 11] succeeded 2nd Earl of Northumbria.
On 24th May 1153 [his grandfather] King David I of Scotland [aged 69] died at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map]. His grandson [his brother] Malcolm [aged 12] succeeded King Scotland.
In 1157 brothers King Malcolm IV of Scotland [aged 15] and King William I of Scotland [aged 14] paid homage to King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England [aged 23] at Peverell Castle, Derbyshire [Map].
King Malcolm IV of Scotland was deprived of his lands in Cumbria and titles by King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. Earl of Northumbria forfeit.
King Malcolm IV of Scotland was granted 5th Earl Huntingdon, 5th Earl of Northampton.
King William I of Scotland was deprived of the Earldom of Northumbria.
On 28th September 1162 [his brother-in-law] Floris Gerulfing III Count Holland [aged 21] and [his sister] Ada Dunkeld Countess Holland [aged 23] were married. She by marriage Countess Holland. She the daughter of [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria and [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria [aged 42]. He the son of Dirk Gerulfing VI Count Holland and Sophie Salm Countess Holland [aged 42]. They were fifth cousin once removed.
On 9th December 1165 King Malcolm IV of Scotland [aged 24] died. His brother William [aged 22] succeeded I King Scotland, 6th Earl Huntingdon.
On 24th December 1165 King William I of Scotland [aged 22] was crowned I King Scotland.
Between February 1171 and April 1175 [his brother-in-law] Humphrey Bohun [aged 27] and [his sister] Margaret Dunkeld Duchess Brittany [aged 26] were married. She the daughter of [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria and [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria [aged 51].
In 1174 King William I of Scotland [aged 31] was captured at Ratten Row [Map] whilst beseiging Alnwick Castle, Northumberland [Map].
On 13th July 1174 a small army commanded by Ranulf Glanville [aged 62] with Hugh de Kevelioc Gernon 5th Earl Chester [aged 27] surprised King William [aged 31] army in a dawn raid known as the Battle of Alnwick near Alnwick, Northumberland [Map]. King William was captured and imprisoned initially in Newcastle upon Tyne Castle. He was subsequently moved to the more remote, and secure, Falaise Castle [Map].
Images of Histories by Ralph Diceto. [13th July 1174] Who could doubt that he has now made the martyr favorable to himself, and that we may safely proclaim his sin transferred? For on the very Saturday on which he was begging the martyr to grant him pardon, frequently kissing the martyr's tomb, God delivered William, king of the Scots [aged 31], into his hands, imprisoned under guard at Richmond, so that the prophetic word might be fulfilled: 'A bridle will be given into his jaws, which will be fashioned in the Armorican gulf2,' calling the castle of Richmond the 'Armorican gulf'—a castle held by Armorican lords both now and in ancient times by hereditary right. Also, on that very Saturday, the king's son, having had the ships he had gathered for crossing to England scattered, began to return to France.
Quin martyrem sibi placabilem jam reddiderit, quin peccatum ejus translatum possimus prædicare securi, non est qui dubitet. Nam ipsa die sabbati, qua indulgentiam sibi dari postulabat a martyre, sepulchrum martyris frequenter deosculans, tradidit Deus Willelmum regem Scottorum in manus suas, custodis mancipatum apud Richemunt, ut adimpleretur illud propheticum "Dabitur maxillis ejus freenum quod in Armorico sinu fabricabitur," sinum vocans Armoricum castellum de Richemunt, ab Armoricis principibus et nunc et ab antiquis temporibus hæreditario jure possessum. Ipsa etiam die sabbati rex filius, navibus quas congregaverat ad transfretandum in Angliam dissipatis, cœpit redire in Galliam.
Note 1. Part of Merlin's prophecyl Geoffrey of Monmouth.
In December 1174 King William I of Scotland [aged 31], imprisoned at Falaise Castle [Map], signed the Treaty of Falaise by which he agreed King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England [aged 41] was overlord of Scotland. He also agreed to marry a bride of Henry's choosing. He married [his future wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 4] twelve years later.
Simon Senlis 7th Earl Huntingdon 6th Earl of Northampton [aged 36] succeeded 7th Earl Huntingdon, 6th Earl of Northampton.
On 5th September 1186 King William I of Scotland [aged 43] and Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 16] were married at Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Map] by Archbishop Baldwin of Forde [aged 61]. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland at Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Map]. His bride had been chosen by King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England [aged 53] as part of the Treaty of Falaise. William received Edinburgh Castle [Map] as a wedding gift from King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. The difference in their ages was 27 years. He the son of Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria and Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria. They were half fourth cousins. She a great granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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In 1178 [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria [aged 58] died.
In 1184 Simon Senlis 7th Earl Huntingdon 6th Earl of Northampton [aged 46] died. His half first cousin [his brother] David [aged 32] succeeded 8th Earl Huntingdon, 7th Earl of Northampton.
In or before 1191 [his son-in-law] Robert Bruce and [his illegitimate daughter] Isabella Mac William Dunkeld were married. She the illegitmate daughter of King William I of Scotland [aged 47] and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
In 1191 [his son-in-law] Robert Ros [aged 19] and [his illegitimate daughter] Isabella Mac William Dunkeld were married at Haddington, Haddingtonshire. She the illegitmate daughter of King William I of Scotland [aged 48] and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
In 1193 [his daughter] Margaret Dunkeld Countess Kent was born to King William I of Scotland [aged 50] and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 23]. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. She married 1236 Hubert de Burgh Count Mortain 1st Earl Kent and had issue.
Before 1194 [his brother] David Dunkeld 8th Earl Huntingdon [aged 41] and [his sister-in-law] Matilda Gernon Countess Huntingdon [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Countess Huntingdon. She the daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc Gernon 5th Earl Chester and Bertrade Montfort Countess Chester. He the son of [his father] Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria and [his mother] Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria. They were half fourth cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.
Chronicle of Roger de Hoveden. 17th April 1194. On the seventeenth day of April, a Sunday within the Octave of Easter, a great assembly gathered in the Church of St. Swithun [Map]. Present were: Hubert [aged 34], Archbishop of Canterbury, John [aged 44], Archbishop of Dublin, Hugh [aged 69], Bishop of Durham, Hugh of Lincoln, Richard of London, Gilbert of Rochester, William of Ely, Seffrid of Chichester, Henry of Exeter, William of Hereford, the Bishop of Worcester, the Bishop of St. David's, and the Bishop of Bangor, together with many abbots, clergy, and laypeople. Richard, King of England, clothed in royal garments and wearing a golden crown on his head, came forth from his chamber already crowned. He held in his right hand the royal sceptre, topped with the sign of the cross, and in his left hand a golden rod, topped with the figure of a dove. On his right walked William, Bishop of Ely, his chancellor, and on his left, Richard, Bishop of London. Preceding them in ordered procession were the archbishops, bishops, abbots, monks, and clerics. Following the king were earls, barons, knights, and a great multitude of common people.
And a silken canopy, supported by four lances, was carried above the king [King Richard "Lionheart" I of England [aged 36]] by four earls: Roger Bigod [aged 50], Earl of Norfolk, William, Earl of the Isle of Wight, the Earl of Salisbury [aged 18], the Earl of Ferrers [aged 26].Three swords taken from the royal treasury were carried before the king: one sword was carried by William [aged 51], King of Scotland. another was borne by Hamelin [aged 65], Earl of Warenne. The third was carried by Ranulf [aged 24], Earl of Chester. Among them, the King of Scotland walked in the middle, with the Earl of Warenne at his right and the Earl of Chester at his left.
Septima decima die mensis Aprilis, die Dominica in octavis Paschæ, convenientibus in unum in ecclesia Sancti Swithuni Huberto Cantuariensi, et Johanne Dublinensi archiepiscopis; et Hugone Dunelmensi, et Hugone Lincolniensi, et Ricardo Londoniensi, et Gilberto Roffensi, et Willelmo Eliensi, et Sefrido Cicestrensi, et Henrico Exoniensi, et1.... Willelmo Herefordensi, et Wigornensi, et de S. David, et1.... Pangorensi episcopis; et abbatibus multis, et clero et populo; Ricardus rex Angliæ vestimentis regalibus indutus, coronam auream habens in capite,2 processit de thalamo suo coronatus, gestans in manu sua dextra sceptrum regale, cujus sum mitate habetur signum crucis, et in manu sinistra virgam auream, in cujus summitate habetur species columbz et a dextris ejus ibat Willelmus Eliensis episcopus, cancellarius suus, et a sinistris Ricardus Londoniensis episcopus. Præcedebat quoque eos ordinata processio archiepiscoporum et episcoporum, et abbatum, et monachorum et clericorum. Comites vero, et barones, et milites, et magna plebis multitudo, sequebantur regem.
Et pannus sericus quatuor lanceis superpositus ferebatur supra regem a quatuor comitibus: videlicet, Rogero Bigot comite de Norfolchia, et Willelmo comite de Insula Vectæ et—comite Salesbiriensi, et—comite de Ferreres. Et tres gladii de thesauro regis sumpti gestabantur ante regem; quorum unum gestabat Willelmus rex Scottorum, et alterum portabat Hamelinus comes de Warenna, et tertium gestabat Ranulfus comes Cestriæ: medius autem illorum ibat rex Scottorum, et comes Warennæ a dextris ejus, et comes Cestriæ a sinistris ejus.
Note 1. blanks for names of the bishops of Worcester and Bangor.
Note 2. coronam auream habens in capite. It is worthwhile remarking that notwithstanding the political significance given to this second coronation of Richard, it was a ceremony different in kind from the first, and far more in itself analogous to the great crown-wearing days of the earlier Norman kings. The king receives the crown from the archbishop privately (Gerv. l.?S7), and presents himself to the people already crowned and in his royal robes. It is not so much a renewal of his "inauguration" after an eclipse of dignity or even a loss of it, as an assertion that that dignity has undergone no diminution. The day and place recall the Easter crown-wearing of William the Conqueror at Winchester. Gervase was reminded by them of the Canterbury crowning of king Stephen, c. 1588.
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In 1195 [his daughter] Isabella Dunkeld Countess Norfolk was born to King William I of Scotland [aged 52] and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 25]. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. She married May 1225 her half second cousin twice removed Roger Bigod 4th Earl Norfolk, son of Hugh Bigod 3rd Earl Norfolk and Maud Marshal Countess Norfolk and Surrey.
On 24th August 1198 [his son] King Alexander II of Scotland was born to King William I of Scotland [aged 55] and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 28] at Haddington, Haddingtonshire. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. He married (1) 21st June 1221 his half third cousin Joan Plantagenet Queen of Scotland, daughter of King John of England and Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England (2) 1239 his third cousin once removed Marie Coucy and had issue.
In 1200 [his daughter] Marjorie Dunkeld Countess Pembroke was born to King William I of Scotland [aged 57] and [his wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 30]. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. She married 1st August 1235 her half second cousin once removed Gilbert Marshal 4th Earl Pembroke, son of William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke and Isabel Clare Countess Pembroke.
In 1201 [his sister] Margaret Dunkeld Duchess Brittany [aged 56] died.
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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In 1206 [his sister] Ada Dunkeld Countess Holland [aged 67] died.
1209. Chronicles mention of Chapel of St John the Evangelist, Bolton [Map] [Boyeltun] as the meeting place of King John of England [aged 42] and King William I of Scotland [aged 66]. King William I of Scotland sent his two daughters Margaret Dunkeld Countess Kent [aged 16] and Isabella Dunkeld Countess Norfolk [aged 14] as hostages to keep the peace. They, Margaret and Isabella, were imprisoned with Eleanor Fair Maid of Brittany [aged 25] at Corfe Castle, Dorset [Map].
On 4th December 1214 King William I of Scotland [aged 71] died at Stirling [Map]. He was buried at Arbroath Abbey. His son Alexander [aged 16] succeeded II King Scotland.
On 12th February 1233 [his former wife] Ermengarde Beaumont Sarthe Queen Consort Scotland [aged 63] died. She was buried at Balmerino Abbey. Her brother [his former brother-in-law] Raoul [aged 61] succeeded I Viscount of Beaumont le Vicomte.
[his illegitimate son] Robert de London Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
[his illegitimate daughter] Margaret Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Daughter Adam Hythus.
[his illegitimate son] Henry de Galightly Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
[his illegitimate daughter] Ada Fitzwilliam Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
[his illegitimate daughter] Aufrica Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
[his illegitimate daughter] Isabella Mac William Dunkeld was born illegitimately to King William I of Scotland and Isabel d'Avenel Abenel.
Images of Histories by Ralph Diceto. On the Octave of Easter, he received the royal crown from the hands of Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, at Winchester; William, King of Scotland, was present.
In octavis Paschæ regni diadema suscepit de manibus Huberti Cantuariensis archiepiscopi Wintoniæ; Willelmus rex Scotiæ præsens fuit.
Kings Wessex: Great x 3 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 11 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 4 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 8 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
King Alexander II of Scotland [1]
Queen Anne Boleyn of England [1]
Catherine Parr Queen Consort England [5]
Jane Grey I Queen England and Ireland [1]
George Wharton [15]
President George Washington [2]
Brigadier-General Charles Fitz-Clarence [48]
Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [206]
Queen Consort Camilla Shand [86]
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Duncan I of Scotland 
Great x 1 Grandfather: King Malcolm III of Scotland
Great x 2 Grandmother: Bethóc Unknown Queen Consort Scotland
GrandFather: King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Æthelred II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Aelfgifu of York Queen Consort England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Edward "The Exile" Wessex
Great x 3 Grandmother: Ealdgyth Unknown
Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Wessex Queen Consort Scotland
Great x 2 Grandmother: Agatha
Father: Henry Dunkeld 3rd Earl Huntingdon 1st Earl of Northumbria
Great x 2 Grandfather: Siward "Stout" Earl of Northumbria
Great x 1 Grandfather: Waltheof Northumbria 1st Earl of Northampton 1st Earl Huntingdon
Great x 4 Grandfather: Uchtred "The Bold" Earldorman of Northumbria
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ealdred Northumbria Earl Bernicia
Great x 2 Grandmother: Aelfflaed Northumbria
GrandMother: Maud Queen Consort Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin Flanders II Count Boulogne
Great x 3 Grandfather: Eustace Flanders I Count Boulogne
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelina Gerulfing Countess Boulogne and Ponthieu 
Great x 2 Grandfather: Lambert Flanders II Count Lens
Great x 4 Grandfather: Lambert "Bearded" Reginar I Count Louvain
Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Reginar Countess Boulogne
Great x 4 Grandmother: Gerberga Carolingian Duchess Lower Lorraine
Great x 1 Grandmother: Judith Flanders Countess Huntingdon
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard "Good" Normandy II Duke Normandy 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert "Magnificent" Normandy I Duke Normandy
Great x 4 Grandmother: Judith Penthièvre Duchess Normandy
Great x 2 Grandmother: Adelaide Normandy Countess Troyes and Meaux Champagne Aumale Ponthieu
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ralph Warenne 
Great x 1 Grandfather: William Warenne 1st Earl of Surrey
GrandFather: William Warenne 2nd Earl of Surrey
Great x 2 Grandfather: Gerbod The Fleming
Great x 1 Grandmother: Gundred Countess of Surrey
Mother: Ada Warenne Countess Huntingdon and Northumbria
Great x 4 Grandfather: Hugh I King of the Franks 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert "Pious" II King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelaide Poitiers Queen Consort France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandfather: William "Liberator" Arles 1st Count Provence 1st Count Arles
Great x 3 Grandmother: Constance Arles Queen Consort France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelaide Blanche Ingelger Queen Consort West Francia
Great x 1 Grandfather: Hugh "Great" Capet
Great x 3 Grandfather: Yaroslav "The Wise" Rurik
Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne of Kiev Queen Consort Francia
GrandMother: Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey
Great x 4 Grandfather: Herbert Vermandois III Count Vermandois
Great x 3 Grandfather: Otto Vermandois I Count Vermandois
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermengard of Bar Countess Vermandois
Great x 2 Grandfather: Herbert Vermandois IV Count Vermandois
Great x 3 Grandmother: Pavia Countess Vermandois
Great x 1 Grandmother: Adelaide I Countess Vermandois
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph III Count of Valois 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ralph IV Count of Valois
Great x 2 Grandmother: Adela Valois Countess Blois and Vermandois